This list contains a list of EC numbers for the fourth group, EC 4,

lyases In biochemistry, a lyase is an enzyme that catalyzes the breaking (an elimination reaction) of various chemical bonds by means other than hydrolysis (a substitution reaction) and oxidation, often forming a new double bond or a new ring structu ...

, placed in numerical order as determined by the Nomenclature Committee of the International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. All official information is tabulated at the website of the committee. The database is developed and maintained by Andrew McDonald.

EC 4.1: Carbon-Carbon Lyases

EC 4.1.1:
Carboxy-lyases Carboxy-lyases, also known as decarboxylases, are carbon–carbon lyases that add or remove a carboxyl group from organic compounds. These enzymes catalyze the decarboxylation of amino acids, beta-keto acids and alpha-keto acids. Classification ...

* :

pyruvate decarboxylase Pyruvate decarboxylase is an enzyme () that catalyses the decarboxylation of pyruvic acid to acetaldehyde. It is also called 2-oxo-acid carboxylase, alpha-ketoacid carboxylase, and pyruvic decarboxylase. In anaerobic conditions, this enzyme is ...

* :

oxalate decarboxylase In enzymology, an oxalate decarboxylase () is an oxalate degrading enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction :oxalate + H+ \rightleftharpoons formate + CO2 Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are oxalate and H+, whereas its two products ...

* EC 4.1.1.3: Now recognized to be two enzymes xaloacetate decarboxylase (Na⁺ extruding)and (oxaloacetate decarboxylase). * : acetoacetate decarboxylase * :

acetolactate decarboxylase The enzyme acetolactate decarboxylase () catalyzes the chemical reaction :(S)-2-hydroxy-2-methyl-3-oxobutanoate \rightleftharpoons (R)-2-acetoin + CO2 Hence, this enzyme has one substrate, (S)-2-hydroxy-2-methyl-3-oxobutanoate, and two products ...

* : ''cis''-aconitate decarboxylase * :

benzoylformate decarboxylase The enzyme benzoylformate decarboxylase () catalyzes the following chemical reaction: :benzoylformate + H+ \rightleftharpoons benzaldehyde + CO2 Hence, this enzyme has one substrate, benzoylformate, and two products, benzaldehyde and CO2. T ...

* : oxalyl-CoA decarboxylase * : malonyl-CoA decarboxylase * EC 4.1.1.10: Now included with , aspartate 4-decarboxylase * :

aspartate 1-decarboxylase The enzyme aspartate 1-decarboxylase () catalyzes the chemical reaction :L-aspartate \rightleftharpoons beta-alanine + CO2 Hence, this enzyme has one substrate, L-aspartate, and two products, beta-alanine and CO2. This enzyme belongs to the ...

* : aspartate 4-decarboxylase * EC 4.1.1.13: deleted * : valine decarboxylase * : glutamate decarboxylase * : hydroxyglutamate decarboxylase * :

ornithine decarboxylase The enzyme ornithine decarboxylase (, ODC) catalyzes the decarboxylation of ornithine (a product of the urea cycle) to form putrescine. This reaction is the committed step in polyamine synthesis. In humans, this protein has 461 amino acids and f ...

* : lysine decarboxylase * :

arginine decarboxylase The enzyme Acid-Induced Arginine Decarboxylase (AdiA) (), also commonly referred to as arginine decarboxylase, catalyzes the conversion of L-arginine into agmatine and carbon dioxide. The process consumes a proton in the decarboxylation and empl ...

* : diaminopimelate decarboxylase * : phosphoribosylaminoimidazole carboxylase * :

histidine decarboxylase The enzyme histidine decarboxylase (, HDC) is transcribed on chromosome 15, region 21.2, and catalyzes the decarboxylation of histidine to form histamine. In mammals, histamine is an important biogenic amine with regulatory roles in neurotransmi ...

* : orotidine-5′-phosphate decarboxylase * : aminobenzoate decarboxylase * : tyrosine decarboxylase * EC 4.1.1.26: Now included with aromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylase * EC 4.1.1.27: Now included with aromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylase * : aromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylase * : sulfoalanine decarboxylase * : pantothenoylcysteine decarboxylase * : phospho''enol''pyruvate carboxylase * : phospho''enol''pyruvate carboxykinase (GTP) * :

diphosphomevalonate decarboxylase Diphosphomevalonate decarboxylase (), most commonly referred to in scientific literature as mevalonate diphosphate decarboxylase, is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction :ATP + (R)-5-diphosphomevalonate \rightleftharpoons ADP + phosp ...

* : dehydro-L-gulonate decarboxylase * : UDP-glucuronate decarboxylase * : phosphopantothenoylcysteine decarboxylase * :

uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase Uroporphyrinogen III decarboxylase (uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase, or UROD) is an enzyme () that in humans is encoded by the ''UROD'' gene. Function Uroporphyrinogen III decarboxylase is a homodimeric enzyme () that catalyzes the fifth step ...

* : phospho''enol''pyruvate carboxykinase (diphosphate) * : ribulose-bisphosphate carboxylase * : hydroxypyruvate decarboxylase * EC 4.1.1.41: Now , (''S'')-methylmalonyl-CoA decarboxylase * : carnitine decarboxylase * :

phenylpyruvate decarboxylase The enzyme phenylpyruvate decarboxylase () catalyzes the chemical reaction :phenylpyruvate \rightleftharpoons phenylacetaldehyde + CO2 This enzyme belongs to the family of lyases, specifically the carboxy-lyases, which cleave carbon-carbon bonds ...

* : 4-carboxymuconolactone decarboxylase * : aminocarboxymuconate-semialdehyde decarboxylase * : ''o''-pyrocatechuate decarboxylase * : tartronate-semialdehyde synthase * : indole-3-glycerol-phosphate synthase * : phospho''enol''pyruvate carboxykinase (ATP) * :

adenosylmethionine decarboxylase The enzyme adenosylmethionine decarboxylase () catalyzes the conversion of ''S''-adenosyl methionine to ''S''-adenosylmethioninamine. Polyamines such as spermidine and spermine are essential for cellular growth under most conditions, being im ...

threonine-phosphate decarboxylase The enzyme threonine-phosphate decarboxylase () catalyzes the chemical reaction : L-threonine O-3-phosphate \rightleftharpoons (R)-1-aminopropan-2-yl phosphate + CO2 This enzyme belongs to the family of lyases, specifically the carboxy-lyases, wh ...

* : phosphonopyruvate decarboxylase * : 4-hydroxyphenylacetate decarboxylase * : D-dopachrome decarboxylase * : 3-dehydro-L-gulonate-6-phosphate decarboxylase * : diaminobutyrate decarboxylase * : malonyl-''S''-ACP decarboxylase * : biotin-independent malonate decarboxylase * EC 4.1.1.89: Now , biotin-dependent malonate decarboxylase * : peptidyl-glutamate 4-carboxylase * : salicylate decarboxylase * : indole-3-carboxylate decarboxylase * : pyrrole-2-carboxylate decarboxylase * : ethylmalonyl-CoA decarboxylase * : L-glutamyl- trI acyl-carrier proteindecarboxylase * : carboxynorspermidine decarboxylase * : 2-oxo-4-hydroxy-4-carboxy-5-ureidoimidazoline decarboxylase * * : 4-hydroxy-3-polyprenylbenzoate decarboxylase * * : phosphomevalonate decarboxylase * * : prephenate decarboxylase * * : malolactic enzyme * * : phenacrylate decarboxylase * * : γ-resorcylate decarboxylase * * : 3-dehydro-4-phosphotetronate decarboxylase * * : L-tryptophan decarboxylase * * : fatty acid photodecarboxylase * * : 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetaldehyde synthase * * : 4-hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde synthase * * : phenylacetaldehyde synthase * * : bisphosphomevalonate decarboxylase * * : siroheme decarboxylase * * : oxaloacetate decarboxylase * * : trans-aconitate decarboxylase * * : cis-3-alkyl-4-alkyloxetan-2-one decarboxylase * * : indoleacetate decarboxylase * * : D-ornithine/D-lysine decarboxylase * * : 2- L-alanin-3-ylcarbamoyl)methyl2-hydroxybutanedioate decarboxylase * * : isophthalyl-CoA decarboxylase * * : phenylacetate decarboxylase * * : 3-oxoisoapionate decarboxylase * * : 3-oxoisoapionate-4-phosphate decarboxylase * : *No Wikipedia article

EC 4.1.2: Aldehyde-lyases

* EC 4.1.2.1: Now included with 4-hydroxy-2-oxoglutarate aldolase * : ketotetrose-phosphate aldolase * EC 4.1.2.3: deleted, was pentosealdolase. * : deoxyribose-phosphate aldolase * : L-threonine aldolase * EC 4.1.2.6: Deleted, reaction is due to , glycine hydroxymethyltransferase * EC 4.1.2.7: Now included with fructose-bisphosphate aldolase * : indole-3-glycerol-phosphate lyase * :

phosphoketolase The enzyme phosphoketolase() catalyzes the chemical reactions :D-xylulose 5-phosphate + phosphate \rightleftharpoons acetyl phosphate + D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate + H2O () :D-fructose 6-phosphate + phosphate \rightleftharpoons acetyl phospha ...

* : (''R'')-mandelonitrile lyase * : hydroxymandelonitrile lyase * :

2-dehydropantoate aldolase The enzyme 2-dehydropantoate aldolase () catalyzes the chemical reaction: :2-dehydropantoate \rightleftharpoons 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate + formaldehyde This enzyme belongs to the family of lyase In biochemistry, a lyase is an enzyme that catal ...

* :

fructose-bisphosphate aldolase Fructose-bisphosphate aldolase (), often just aldolase, is an enzyme catalyzing a reversible reaction that splits the aldol, fructose 1,6-bisphosphate, into the triose phosphates dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate ( ...

* : 2-dehydro-3-deoxy-phosphogluconate aldolase * EC 4.1.2.15: Now , 3-deoxy-7-phosphoheptulonate synthase * EC 4.1.2.16: Now , 3-deoxy-8-phosphooctulonate synthase * : L-fuculose-phosphate aldolase * : 2-dehydro-3-deoxy-L-pentonate aldolase * : rhamnulose-1-phosphate aldolase * : 2-dehydro-3-deoxyglucarate aldolase * : 2-dehydro-3-deoxy-6-phosphogalactonate aldolase * : fructose-6-phosphate phosphoketolase * : 3-deoxy-D-''manno''-octulosonate aldolase * : dimethylaniline-''N''-oxide aldolase * : dihydroneopterin aldolase * : phenylserine aldolase * : sphinganine-1-phosphate aldolase * : 2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-pentonate aldolase * : 5-dehydro-2-deoxyphosphogluconate aldolase * EC 4.1.2.30: Now }, 17α-hydroxyprogesterone deacetylase * EC 4.1.2.31: Now included with 4-hydroxy-2-oxoglutarate aldolase * : trimethylamine-oxide aldolase * : fucosterol-epoxide lyase * : 4-(2-carboxyphenyl)-2-oxobut-3-enoate aldolase * : propioin synthase * :

lactate aldolase The enzyme lactate aldolase () catalysis, catalyzes the chemical reaction :(''S'')-lactate \rightleftharpoons formate + acetaldehyde This enzyme belongs to the family of lyases, specifically the aldehyde-lyases, which cleave carbon-carbon bonds. ...

* EC 4.1.2.37: Now covered by liphatic (''R'')-hydroxynitrile lyaseand ''S'')-hydroxynitrile ketone-lyase (cyanide forming)* :

benzoin aldolase The enzyme benzoin aldolase () catalyzes the chemical reaction :2-hydroxy-1,2-diphenylethanoneAlso known as benzoin. \rightleftharpoons 2 benzaldehyde This enzyme belongs to the family of lyases, specifically the aldehyde-lyases, which cleave c ...

* EC 4.1.2.39: Deleted, identical to , hydroxynitrilase * :

tagatose-bisphosphate aldolase The enzyme tagatose-bisphosphate aldolase () catalyzes the chemical reaction :D-tagatose 1,6-bisphosphate \rightleftharpoons glycerone phosphateCommonly known as dihydroxyacetone phosphate. + Dglyceraldehyde 3-phosphate This enzyme belongs to the ...

* EC 4.1.2.41: Now included with , feruloyl-CoA hydratase/lyase * : D-threonine aldolase * :

3-hexulose-6-phosphate synthase 3-hexulose-6-phosphate synthase (, ''D-arabino-3-hexulose 6-phosphate formaldehyde-lyase'', ''3-hexulosephosphate synthase'', ''3-hexulose phosphate synthase'', ''HPS'') is an enzyme with systematic name ''D-arabino-hex-3-ulose-6-phosphate forma ...

* : benzoyl-CoA-dihydrodiol lyase * : ''trans-o''-hydroxybenzylidenepyruvate hydratase-aldolase * : aliphatic (''R'')-hydroxynitrile lyase * : (''S'')-hydroxynitrile lyase * : low-specificity L-threonine aldolase * : L-''allo''-threonine aldolase * : 6-carboxytetrahydropterin synthase * * : 6-carboxytetrahydropterin synthase * * * : 2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate aldolase * * * : 4-hydroxy-2-oxoheptanedioate aldolase * * * : 2-keto-3-deoxy-L-rhamnonate aldolase * * * : L-''threo''-3-deoxy-hexylosonate aldolase * * * : 2-dehydro-3-deoxy-phosphogluconate/2-dehydro-3-deoxy-6-phosphogalactonate aldolase * * * : 2-amino-4,5-dihydroxy-6-oxo-7-(phosphooxy)heptanoate synthase * * * : sulfofructosephosphate aldolase * * * : 2-dehydro-3,6-dideoxy-6-sulfogluconate aldolase * * * : dihydroneopterin phosphate aldolase * * * : dihydroneopterin triphosphate aldolase * * * : feruloyl-CoA hydratase/lyase * * * : 5-deoxyribulose 1-phosphate aldolase * * * : 2-hydroxyacyl-CoA lyase * : *No Wikipedia article

EC 4.1.3: Oxo-Acid-Lyases

* : isocitrate lyase * EC 4.1.3.2: Now , malate synthase * : ''N''-acetylneuraminate lyase * : hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA lyase * EC 4.1.3.5: Now , hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA synthase * : citrate (''pro''-3''S'')-lyase * EC 4.1.3.7: Now , citrate (''Si'')-synthase * EC 4.1.3.8: Now , ATP citrate synthase * EC 4.1.3.9: Now , 2-hydroxyglutarate synthase * EC 4.1.3.10: Now , 3-ethylmalate synthase * EC 4.1.3.11: Now , 3-propylmalate synthase * EC 4.1.3.12: Now , 2-isopropylmalate synthase * : oxalomalate lyase * : L-''erythro''-3-hydroxyaspartate aldolase * EC 4.1.3.15: Now , 2-hydroxy-3-oxoadipate synthase * : 4-hydroxy-2-oxoglutarate aldolase * : 4-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-oxoglutarate aldolase * EC 4.1.3.18: Now , acetolactate synthase * EC 4.1.3.19: Now * EC 4.1.3.20: Now * EC 4.1.3.21: Now * : citramalate lyase * EC 4.1.3.23: Now , decylcitrate synthase * : malyl-CoA lyase * : (''S'')-citramalyl-CoA lyase * : 3-hydroxy-3-isohexenylglutaryl-CoA lyase * :

anthranilate synthase The enzyme anthranilate synthase () catalyzes the chemical reaction :chorismate + L-glutamine \rightleftharpoons anthranilate + pyruvate + L-glutamate Function Anthranilate synthase creates anthranilate, an important intermediate in the biosynthes ...

* EC 4.1.3.28: Now , citrate (''Re'')-synthase * EC 4.1.3.29: Now , decylhomocitrate synthase * : methylisocitrate lyase * EC 4.1.3.31: Now , 2-methylcitrate synthase * : 2,3-dimethylmalate lyase * : Now * : citryl-CoA lyase * : (1-hydroxycyclohexan-1-yl)acetyl-CoA lyase * : naphthoate synthase * EC 4.1.3.37: Now , 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate synthase * : aminodeoxychorismate lyase * : 4-hydroxy-2-oxovalerate aldolase * : chorismate lyase * : 3-hydroxy-D-aspartate aldolase * : (4''S'')-4-hydroxy-2-oxoglutarate aldolase * * : 4-hydroxy-2-oxohexanoate aldolase * * : tRNA 4-demethylwyosine synthase (AdoMet-dependent) * * : 3-hydroxybenzoate synthase * * : (''R'')-citramalyl-CoA lyase * : *No Wikipedia article

EC 4.1.99: Other Carbon-Carbon Lyases

* : tryptophanase * : tyrosine phenol-lyase * : deoxyribodipyrimidine photo-lyase * EC 4.1.99.4: Now , 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase * EC 4.1.99.5: octadecanal decarbonylase * EC 4.1.99.6: Now , trichodiene synthase * EC 4.1.99.7: Now , aristolochene synthase * EC 4.1.99.8: Now , pinene synthase * EC 4.1.99.9: Now , myrcene synthase * EC 4.1.99.10: Now , (4''S'')-limonene synthase * : benzylsuccinate synthase * : 3,4-dihydroxy-2-butanone-4-phosphate synthase * : (6-4)DNA photolyase * :

spore photoproduct lyase Spore photoproduct lyase (''SP lyase'', ''SPL'', ''SplB'', ''SplG'') is a radical SAM enzyme that repairs DNA cross linking of thymine bases caused by UV-radiation. There are several types of thymine cross linking, but SPL specifically targets ...

* EC 4.1.99.15: The activity is covered by , spore photoproduct lyase * :

geosmin synthase Geosmin synthase or germacradienol-geosmin synthase designates a class of bifunctional enzymes () that catalyze the conversion of farnesyl diphosphate (FPP) to geosmin, a volatile organic compound known for its earthy smell. The N-terminal half ...

* :

phosphomethylpyrimidine synthase Phosphomethylpyrimidine synthase (, ''thiC (gene)'') is an enzyme with systematic name ''5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole formate-lyase (decarboxylating, 4-amino-2-methyl-5-phosphomethylpyrimidine-forming)''. This enzyme catalyses the foll ...

* EC 4.1.99.18: Now known to be catalysed by the combined effect of , GTP 3,8-cyclase, and , cyclic pyranopterin monophosphate synthase * : 2-iminoacetate synthase * : 3-amino-4-hydroxybenzoate synthase * * : Now (5-formylfuran-3-yl)methyl phosphate synthase. * : GTP 3′,8-cyclase * * : 5-hydroxybenzimidazole synthase * * : L-tyrosine isonitrile synthase * * : L-tryptophan isonitrile synthase * * : 3-amino-5- 4-hydroxyphenyl)methyl4,4-dimethylpyrrolidin-2-one * : *No Wikipedia article

EC 4.2: Carbon-Oxygen Lyases

EC 4.2.1: Hydro-lyases

* :

carbonic anhydrase The carbonic anhydrases (or carbonate dehydratases) () form a family of enzymes that catalyze the interconversion between carbon dioxide and water and the dissociated ions of carbonic acid (i.e. bicarbonate and hydrogen ions). The active sit ...

* : fumarate hydratase * : aconitate hydratase * EC 4.2.1.4: Now known to be a partial reaction catalysed by , aconitate hydratase * : arabinonate dehydratase * : galactonate dehydratase * : altronate dehydratase * : mannonate dehydratase * : dihydroxy-acid dehydratase * :

3-dehydroquinate dehydratase The enzyme 3-dehydroquinate dehydratase () catalyzes the chemical reaction :3-dehydroquinate \rightleftharpoons 3-dehydroshikimate + H2O This enzyme belongs to the family of lyases, specifically the hydro-lyases, which cleave carbon-oxygen b ...

* : phosphopyruvate hydratase (enolase) * : phosphogluconate dehydratase * EC 4.2.1.13: Now , L-serine ammonia-lyase * EC 4.2.1.14: Now , D-serine ammonia-lyase * EC 4.2.1.15: Identical with cystathionine γ-lyase * EC 4.2.1.16: Now , threonine ammonia-lyase * : enoyl-CoA hydratase * : methylglutaconyl-CoA hydratase * :

imidazoleglycerol-phosphate dehydratase The enzyme imidazoleglycerol-phosphate dehydratase () catalyzes the chemical reaction :D-erythro-1-(imidazol-4-yl)glycerol 3-phosphate \rightleftharpoons 3-(imidazol-4-yl)-2-oxopropyl phosphate + H2O This enzyme belongs to the family of lyases, ...

* : tryptophan synthase * EC 4.2.1.21: Now cystathionine β-synthase * : cystathionine β-synthase * EC 4.2.1.23: deleted, the reaction was due to a side-reaction of cystathionine β-synthase * :

porphobilinogen synthase Aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (porphobilinogen synthase, or ALA dehydratase, or aminolevulinate dehydratase) is an enzyme () that in humans is encoded by the ''ALAD'' gene. Porphobilinogen synthase (or ALA dehydratase, or aminolevulinate de ...

* : L-arabinonate dehydratase * EC 4.2.1.26: identical to , glucosaminate ammonia-lyase * : acetylenecarboxylate hydratase * : propanediol dehydratase * EC 4.2.1.29: Now , indoleacetaldoxime dehydratase * :

glycerol dehydratase In enzymology, a glycerol dehydratase () catalysis, catalyzes the chemical reaction :glycerol \rightleftharpoons 3-hydroxypropanal + H2O This enzyme belongs to the family of lyases, specifically the hydro-lyases, which cleave carbon-oxygen bonds ...

* : maleate hydratase * : L(+)-tartrate dehydratase * :

3-isopropylmalate dehydratase 3-Isopropylmalate dehydratase () is an aconitase homologue, which catalyses the isomerisation of 2-isopropylmalate to 3-isopropylmalate, via dehydration, in the biosynthesis of leucine Leucine (symbol Leu or L) is an essential amino acid that i ...

* : (''S'')-2-methylmalate dehydratase * : (''R'')-2-methylmalate dehydratase * : homoaconitate hydratase * EC 4.2.1.37: Now , ''trans''-epoxysuccinate hydrolase * EC 4.2.1.38: Now , ''erythro''-3-hydroxyaspartate ammonia-lyase * : gluconate dehydratase * : glucarate dehydratase * : 5-dehydro-4-deoxyglucarate dehydratase * : galactarate dehydratase * : 2-dehydro-3-deoxy-L-arabinonate dehydratase * : ''myo''-inosose-2 dehydratase * : CDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase * :

dTDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase The enzyme dTDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase () catalyzes the chemical reaction : dTDP-glucose \rightleftharpoons dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose + H2O Structure and mechanism of action The first protein structures of a dTDP-glucose 4,6-dehydrata ...

* : GDP-mannose 4,6-dehydratase * : D-glutamate cyclase * :

urocanate hydratase Urocanase (also known as imidazolonepropionate hydrolase or urocanate hydratase) is the enzyme () that catalyzes the second step in the degradation of histidine, the hydration of urocanate into imidazolonepropionate. Urocanase is coded for by the ...

* : pyrazolylalanine synthase * : prephenate dehydratase * EC 4.2.1.52: Now , 4-hydroxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate synthase. * : oleate hydratase * : lactoyl-CoA dehydratase * : 3-hydroxybutyryl-CoA dehydratase * : itaconyl-CoA hydratase * : isohexenylglutaconyl-CoA hydratase * EC 4.2.1.58: The reaction described is covered by * : 3-hydroxyacyl- cyl-carrier-proteindehydratase * EC 4.2.1.60: 3-hydroxydecanoyl-(acyl-carrier-protein) dehydratase * EC 4.2.1.61: The reaction described is covered by . * : 5α-hydroxysteroid dehydratase * EC 4.2.1.63: Now known to comprise two enzymes, microsomal epoxide hydrolase () and soluble epoxide hydrolase () * EC 4.2.1.64: Now known to comprise two enzymes, microsomal epoxide hydrolase () and soluble epoxide hydrolase () * : 3-cyanoalanine hydratase * : cyanide hydratase * : D-fuconate dehydratase * : L-fuconate dehydratase * : cyanamide hydratase * : pseudouridylate synthase * EC 4.2.1.71: identical to , acetylenecarboxylate hydratase * EC 4.2.1.72: Now , acetylenedicarboxylate decarboxylase * : protoaphin-aglucone dehydratase (cyclizing) * : long-chain-enoyl-CoA hydratase * :

uroporphyrinogen-III synthase Uroporphyrinogen III synthase () is an enzyme involved in the metabolism of the cyclic tetrapyrrole compound porphyrin. It is involved in the conversion of hydroxymethyl bilane into uroporphyrinogen III. This enzyme catalyses the inversion ...

* : UDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase * : ''trans''-L-3-hydroxyproline dehydratase * : (''S'')-norcoclaurine synthase * : 2-methylcitrate dehydratase * : 2-oxopent-4-enoate hydratase * : D(-)-tartrate dehydratase * : xylonate dehydratase * : 4-oxalmesaconate hydratase * :

nitrile hydratase Nitrile hydratases (NHases; ) are mononuclear iron or non-corrinoid cobalt enzymes that catalyse the hydration of diverse nitriles to their corresponding amides R-C≡N + H2O → R-C(O)NH2 Metal cofactor In biochemistry, cobalt is in genera ...

* : dimethylmaleate hydratase * EC 4.2.1.86: identical to , 16α-hydroxyprogesterone dehydratase * : octopamine dehydratase * : synephrine dehydratase * EC 4.2.1.89: The activity has now been shown to be due to , L-carnitine CoA-transferase and , crotonobetainyl-CoA hydratase * : L-rhamnonate dehydratase * : arogenate dehydratase * : hydroperoxide dehydratase * : ATP-dependent NAD(P)H-hydrate dehydratase * : scytalone dehydratase * : kievitone hydratase * : 4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin dehydratase * : phaseollidin hydratase * : 16α-hydroxyprogesterone dehydratase * : 2-methylisocitrate dehydratase * : cyclohexa-1,5-dienecarbonyl-CoA hydratase * EC 4.2.1.101: Now included with , feruloyl-CoA hydratase/lyase * EC 4.2.1.102: Now , cyclohexa-1,5-dienecarbonyl-CoA hydratase * : cyclohexyl-isocyanide hydratase * : cyanase * : 2-hydroxyisoflavanone dehydratase * : bile-acid 7α-dehydratase * : 3α,7α,12α-trihydroxy-5β-cholest-24-enoyl-CoA hydratase * : ectoine synthase * : methylthioribulose 1-phosphate dehydratase * : aldos-2-ulose dehydratase * : 1,5-anhydro-D-fructose dehydratase * :

acetylene hydratase Acetylene hydratase (, AH) is a bacterial enzyme, originally discovered in the anaerobic microorganism ''Pelobactor acetylenicus'', that catalyzes the non-redox hydration of acetylene to form acetaldehyde. :C2H2 + H2O → CH3CHO The mechanism is ...

* : ''o''-succinylbenzoate synthase * : methanogen homoaconitase * : UDP-''N''-acetylglucosamine 4,6-dehydratase (configuration-inverting) * : 3-hydroxypropionyl-CoA dehydratase * : 2-methylcitrate dehydratase (2-methyl-''trans''-aconitate forming) * : 3-dehydroshikimate dehydratase * : enoyl-CoA hydratase 2 * : 4-hydroxybutanoyl-CoA dehydratase * : colneleate synthase * : tryptophan synthase (indole-salvaging) * : tetrahymanol synthase * : arabidiol synthase * : dammarenediol II synthase * : ''N''-acetylmuramic acid 6-phosphate etherase * :

linalool dehydratase Linalool dehydratase (, ''linalool hydro-lyase (myrcene-forming)'') is an enzyme with systematic name ''(3S)-linalool hydro-lyase (myrcene-forming)''. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction : (3''S'')- linalool \rightleftharpoons ...

* : lupan-3β,20-diol synthase * : squalene—hopanol cyclase * : D-lactate dehydratase * : carotenoid 1,2-hydratase * : 2-hydroxyhexa-2,4-dienoate hydratase * : copal-8-ol diphosphate hydratase * : very-long-chain (3''R'')-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydratase * : UDP-''N''-acetylglucosamine 4,6-dehydratase (configuration-retaining) * : ADP-dependent NAD(P)H-hydrate dehydratase * : sporulenol synthase * : (+)-Caryolan-1-ol synthase * : pterocarpan synthase * * : gluconate/galactonate dehydratase * * : 2-dehydro-3-deoxyD-arabinonate dehydratase * * : 5′-oxoaverantin cyclase * * : versicolorin B synthase * * : 3-amino-5-hydroxybenzoate synthase * * : capreomycidine synthase * * : L-galactonate dehydratase * * : 5,6,7,8-tetrahydromethanopterin hydro-lyase * * : 2-methylfumaryl-CoA hydratase * * : crotonobetainyl-CoA hydratase * * : short-chain-enoyl-CoA hydratase * * : chorismate dehydratase * * : hydroperoxy icosatetraenoate dehydratase * * : 3-methylfumaryl-CoA hydratase * * : tetracenomycin F2 cyclase * * : (methylthio)acryloyl-CoA hydratase * * : L-talarate dehydratase * * : (''R'')-2-hydroxyisocaproyl-CoA dehydratase * * : galactarate dehydratase (D-threo-forming) * * : dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-α-glucopyranose 2,3-dehydratase * * : 2,5-diamino-6-(5-phospho-D-ribosylamino)pyrimidin-4(3''H'')-one isomerase/dehydratase * * : bisanhydrobacterioruberin hydratase * * : 6-deoxy-6-sulfo-D-gluconate dehydratase * * : 2-oxo-hept-4-ene-1,7-dioate hydratase * * : dTDP-4-dehydro-2,6-dideoxy-D-glucose 3-dehydratase * * : chlorophyllide ''a'' 3¹-hydratase * * : phosphinomethylmalate isomerase * * : (''R'')-2-hydroxyglutaryl-CoA dehydratase * * : GDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-α-D-mannose 3-dehydratase * * : 3-vinyl bacteriochlorophyllide ''d'' 3¹-hydratase * * : 2-(ω-methylthio)alkylmalate dehydratase * * : ''cis''-L-3-hydroxyproline dehydratase * * : ''trans''-4-hydroxy-L-proline dehydratase * * : ''ent''-8α-hydroxylabd-13-en-15-yl diphosphate synthase * * : peregrinol diphosphate synthase * * : (''R'')-3-(aryl)lactoyl-CoA dehydratase * * : L-lyxonate dehydratase * * : (2''S'')-3-sulfopropanediol dehydratase * : *No Wikipedia article

EC 4.2.2: Acting on Polysaccharides

* :

hyaluronate lyase The enzyme hyaluronate lyase () catalyzes the chemical reaction :Cleaves hyaluronate chains at a β-D-GalNAc-(1→4)-β-D-GlcA bond, ultimately breaking the polysaccharide down to 3-(4-deoxy-β-D-gluc-4-enuronosyl)-''N''-acetyl-D-glucosamine This ...

* :

pectate lyase Pectate lyase () is an enzyme involved in the maceration and soft rotting of plant tissue. Pectate lyase is responsible for the eliminative cleavage of pectate, yielding oligosaccharides with 4-deoxy-α-D-mann-4-enuronosyl groups at their non-re ...

* : mannuronate-specific alginate lyase * EC 4.2.2.4: Now known to comprise two enzymes: , chondroitin-sulfate-ABC endolyase and , chondroitin-sulfate-ABC exolyase * : chondroitin AC lyase * :

oligogalacturonide lyase The enzyme oligogalacturonide lyase () catalysis, catalyzes the chemical reaction :4-(4-deoxy-β-D-gluc-4-enuronosyl)-D-galacturonate \rightleftharpoons 2 5-dehydro-4-deoxy-D-glucuronate This enzyme belongs to the family of lyases, specifically ...

* :

heparin lyase The enzyme heparin lyase () catalyzes the following process: : Eliminative cleavage of polysaccharides containing (1→4)-linked D-glucuronate or L-iduronate residues and (1→4)-α-linked 2-sulfoamino-2-deoxy-6-sulfo-D-glucose residues to give o ...

* : heparin-sulfate lyase * : pectate disaccharide-lyase * : pectin lyase * : guluronate-specific alginate lyase * : xanthan lyase * : exo-(1→4)-α-D-glucan lyase * :

glucuronan lyase The enzyme glucuronan lyase () catalyzes the following process: :Eliminative cleavage of (1→4)-β-D-glucuronans to give oligosaccharides with 4-deoxy-β-D-gluc-4-enuronosyl groups at their non-reducing ends. Complete degradation of glucuronans ...

* : anhydrosialidase * : levan fructotransferase (DFA-IV-forming) * : inulin fructotransferase (DFA-I-forming) * : inulin fructotransferase (DFA-III-forming) * : chondroitin B lyase * : chondroitin-sulfate-ABC endolyase * : chondroitin-sulfate-ABC exolyase * : pectate trisaccharide-lyase * : rhamnogalacturonan endolyase * : rhamnogalacturonan exolyase * : gellan lyase * : oligo-alginate lyase * * : pectin monosaccharide-lyase * : *No Wikipedia article

EC 4.2.3: Acting on phosphates

* : threonine synthase * : ethanolamine-phosphate phospho-lyase * :

methylglyoxal synthase The enzyme methylglyoxal synthase (EC 4.2.3.3) catalyzes the chemical reaction :glycerone phosphate \rightleftharpoons 2-oxopropanalCommonly known as methylglyoxal + phosphate Attempts to observe reversibility of this reaction have been unsucc ...

* : 3-dehydroquinate synthase * :

chorismate synthase The enzyme chorismate synthase (EC 4.2.3.5) catalyzes the chemical reaction :5-''O''-(1-carboxyvinyl)-3-phosphoshikimate \rightleftharpoons chorismate + phosphate This enzyme belongs to the family of lyases, specifically those carbon-oxygen ly ...

* : trichodiene synthase * : pentalenene synthase * : casbene synthase * : aristolochene synthase * : (–)-''endo''-fenchol synthase * : sabinene-hydrate synthase * : 6-pyruvoyltetrahydropterin synthase * : (+)-δ-cadinene synthase * EC 4.2.3.14: Now covered by , (–)-α-pinene synthase, and , (–)-β-pinene synthase * : myrcene synthase * : (4''S'')-limonene synthase * :

taxadiene synthase The enzyme taxadiene synthase (EC 4.2.3.17) catalyzes the chemical reaction :geranylgeranyl diphosphate \rightleftharpoons taxa-4,11-diene + diphosphate This enzyme belongs to the family of lyase In biochemistry, a lyase is an enzyme that cat ...

* : abietadiene synthase * : ''ent''-kaurene synthase * : (''R'')-limonene synthase * : vetispiradiene synthase * : germacradienol synthase * : germacrene-A synthase * : amorpha-4,11-diene synthase * : ''S''-linalool synthase * : ''R''-linalool synthase * : isoprene synthase * : ''ent''-cassa-12,15-diene synthase * : ''ent''-sandaracopimaradiene synthase * : ''ent''-pimara-8(14),15-diene synthase * : ''ent''-pimara-9(11),15-diene synthase * :

levopimaradiene synthase Levopimaradiene synthase (EC 4.2.3.32, ''PtTPS-LAS'', ''LPS'', copalyl-diphosphate diphosphate-lyase bieta-8(14),12-diene-forming'') is an enzyme with systematic name (+)-copalyl-diphosphate diphosphate-lyase (abieta-8(14),12-diene-forming). This ...

EC 4.2.99: Other Carbon-Oxygen Lyases

* EC 4.2.99.1: Now , hyaluronate lyase * EC 4.2.99.2: Now , threonine synthase * EC 4.2.99.3: Now , pectate lyase * EC 4.2.99.4: Now , poly(β-D-mannuronate) lyase * EC 4.2.99.5: deleted * EC 4.2.99.6: Now included with (chondroitin ABC lyase) and (chondroitin AC lyase) * EC 4.2.99.7: Now , ethanolamine-phosphate phospho-lyase * EC 4.2.99.8: Now , cysteine synthase * EC 4.2.99.9: Now , cystathionine γ-synthase * EC 4.2.99.10: Now , ''O''-acetylhomoserine aminocarboxypropyltransferase * EC 4.2.99.11: Now , methylglyoxal synthase * : carboxymethyloxysuccinate lyase * EC 4.2.99.13: Now , zeatin 9-aminocarboxyethyltransferase * EC 4.2.99.14: Now , β-pyrazolylalanine synthase * EC 4.2.99.15: Now , L-mimosine synthase * EC 4.2.99.16: Now , uracilylalanine synthase * EC 4.2.99.17: Listed as , β-pyrazolylalanine synthase * : DNA-(apurinic or apyrimidinic site) lyase * EC 4.2.99.19: Now , 2-hydroxypropyl-CoM lyase * : 2-succinyl-6-hydroxy-2,4-cyclohexadiene-1-carboxylate synthase * : isochorismate lyase * : tuliposide A-converting enzyme * * : tuliposide B-converting enzyme * * : thebaine synthase * : *No Wikipedia article

EC 4.3: Carbon-Nitrogen Lyases

EC 4.3.1: Ammonia-Lyases

* : aspartate ammonia-lyase * : methylaspartate ammonia-lyase * : histidine ammonia-lyase * : formiminotetrahydrofolate cyclodeaminase * EC 4.3.1.5: Now divided into (tyrosine ammonia-lyase), (phenylalanine ammonia-lyase) and (phenylalanine/tyrosine ammonia-lyase) * : β-alanyl-CoA ammonia-lyase * : ethanolamine ammonia-lyase * EC 4.3.1.8: Now , hydroxymethylbilane synthase * : glucosaminate ammonia-lyase * : serine-sulfate ammonia-lyase * EC 4.3.1.11: Deleted: inadequately characterized * : ornithine cyclodeaminase * : carbamoyl-serine ammonia-lyase * : 3-aminobutyryl-CoA ammonia-lyase * : diaminopropionate ammonia-lyase * : ''threo''-3-hydroxy-L-aspartate ammonia-lyase * : L-serine ammonia-lyase * : D-serine ammonia-lyase * : threonine ammonia-lyase * : ''erythro''-3-hydroxy-L-aspartate ammonia-lyase * EC 4.3.1.21: identical to , glucosaminate ammonia-lyase * : 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine reductive deaminase * : tyrosine ammonia-lyase * : phenylalanine ammonia-lyase * : phenylalanine/tyrosine ammonia-lyase * EC 4.3.1.26: Now , dichlorochromopyrrolate synthase * : ''threo''-3-hydroxy-D-aspartate ammonia-lyase * : L-lysine cyclodeaminase * : D-glucosaminate-6-phosphate ammonia-lyase * * : dTDP-4-amino-4,6-dideoxy-D-glucose ammonia-lyase * * : L-tryptophan ammonia lyase * * : 7,8-didemethyl-8-hydroxy-5-deazariboflavin synthase * : *No Wikipedia article

EC 4.3.2: Amidine-Lyases

* : argininosuccinate lyase * :

adenylosuccinate lyase Adenylosuccinate lyase (or adenylosuccinase) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ADSL gene. Adenylosuccinate lyase converts adenylosuccinate to AMP and fumarate as part of the purine nucleotide cycle. ASL catalyzes two reactions in th ...

* : ureidoglycolate lyase * : purine imidazole-ring cyclase * : peptidylamidoglycolate lyase * : γ-L-glutamyl-butirosin B γ-glutamyl cyclotransferase * : glutathione-specific γ-glutamylcyclotransferase * * : γ-glutamylamine cyclotransferase * * : γ-glutamylcyclotransferase * * : imidazole glycerol-phosphate synthase * : *No Wikipedia article

EC 4.3.3: Amine-Lyases

* : 3-ketovalidoxylamine C-N-lyase * : strictosidine synthase * : deacetylisoipecoside synthase * : deacetylipecoside synthase * : 4′-demethylrebeccamycin synthase * : pyridoxal 5′-phosphate synthase (glutamine hydrolysing) * : 4-hydroxy-tetrahydrodipicolinate synthase

EC 4.3.99: Other Carbon-Nitrogen Lyases

* EC 4.3.99.1: Now , cyanate hydratase * EC 4.3.99.2: Now , carboxybiotin decarboxylase * : 7-carboxy-7-deazaguanine synthase * : choline trimethylamine-lyase * : *No Wikipedia article

EC 4.4: Carbon-Sulfur Lyases

EC 4.4.1: Carbon-sulfur lyases (only sub-subclass identified to date)

* : cystathionine γ-lyase * : homocysteine desulfhydrase * :

dimethylpropiothetin dethiomethylase The enzyme dimethylpropiothetin dethiomethylase (EC 4.4.1.3) catalysis, catalyzes the chemical reaction :''S,S''-dimethyl-β-propiothetin \rightleftharpoons dimethyl sulfide + acrylate The enzyme breaks S,S-dimethyl-β-propiothetin, ''S,S''-dimet ...

* :

alliin lyase In enzymology, an alliin lyase () is an enzyme that catalysis, catalyzes the chemical reaction :an ''S''-alkyl-L-cysteine ''S''-oxide \rightleftharpoons an alkyl sulfenate + 2-aminoacrylate Hence, this enzyme has one substrate (biochemistry), ...

* : lactoylglutathione lyase * EC 4.4.1.6: Now included in , cysteine-''S''-conjugate β-lyase * EC 4.4.1.7: Now included with glutathione transferase * EC 4.4.1.8: Now included in , cysteine-''S''-conjugate β-lyase * : L-3-cyanoalanine synthase * :

cysteine lyase The enzyme cysteine lyase (EC 4.4.1.10) catalysis, catalyzes the chemical reaction :L-cysteine + sulfite \rightleftharpoons L-cysteate + hydrogen sulfide This enzyme belongs to the family of lyases, specifically the class of carbon-sulfur lyases ...

* : methionine γ-lyase * EC 4.4.1.12: deleted: activity due to , sulfoacetaldehyde acetyltransferase * : cysteine-''S''-conjugate β-lyase * : 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase * : D-cysteine desulfhydrase * : selenocysteine lyase * : holocytochrome-''c'' synthase * EC 4.4.1.18: Now , prenylcysteine oxidase * : phosphosulfolactate synthase * : leukotriene-C₄ synthase * : ''S''-ribosylhomocysteine lyase * : ''S''-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione synthase * : 2-hydroxypropyl-CoM lyase * : (2''R'')-sulfolactate sulfo-lyase * : L-cysteate sulfo-lyase * : olivetolic acid cyclase * EC 4.4.1.27: Now , carbon disulfide hydrolase : *No Wikipedia article

EC 4.5: Carbon-Halide Lyases

EC 4.5.1: Carbon-halide lyases (only sub-subclass identified to date)

* : DDT-dehydrochlorinase * : 3-chloro-D-alanine dehydrochlorinase * : dichloromethane dehalogenase * : L-2-amino-4-chloropent-4-enoate dehydrochlorinase * : ''S''-carboxymethylcysteine synthase

EC 4.6: Phosphorus-Oxygen Lyases

EC 4.6.1: Phosphorus-oxygen lyases (only sub-subclass identified to date)

* : adenylate cyclase * : guanylate cyclase * EC 4.6.1.3: Now , 3-dehydroquinate synthase * EC 4.6.1.4: Now , chorismate synthase * EC 4.6.1.5: Now , pentalenene synthase * : cytidylate cyclase * EC 4.6.1.7: Now , casbene synthase * EC 4.6.1.8: Now , (-)-''endo''-fenchol synthase * EC 4.6.1.9: Now Now , sabinene-hydrate synthase * EC 4.6.1.10: Now , 6-pyruvoyltetrahydropterin synthase * EC 4.6.1.11: Now , (+)-δ-cadinene synthase * : 2-''C''-methyl-D-erythritol 2,4-cyclodiphosphate synthase * : phosphatidylinositol diacylglycerol-lyase * : glycosylphosphatidylinositol diacylglycerol-lyase * : FAD-AMP lyase (cyclizing) * : tRNA-intron lyase * : cyclic pyranopterin monophosphate synthase * * : pancreatic ribonuclease * * : ribonuclease T₂ * * : ribonuclease U₂ * * : ''Enterobacter'' ribonuclease * * : ''Bacillus subtilis'' ribonuclease * * : ribotoxin * * : ribonuclease T₁ * * : bacteriophage T₄ restriction endoribonuclease RegB * : *No Wikipedia article

EC 4.7: Carbon-phosphorus lyases

EC 4.7.1: Carbon-phosphorus lyases (only sub-subclass identified to date)

* α-D ribose 1-methylphosphonate 5-phosphate C-P-lyase * : *No Wikipedia article

EC 4.8: Nitrogen-oxygen lyases

EC 4.8.1: Hydro-lyases

* : L-piperazate synthase * * : aliphatic aldoxime dehydratase * * : indoleacetaldoxime dehydratase * * : phenylacetaldoxime dehydratase * : *No Wikipedia article

EC 4.98: ATP-independent chelatases

EC 4.98.1: Forming coordination complexes

* : protoporphyrin ferrochelatase

EC 4.99: Other Lyases

EC 4.99.1: Sole sub-subclass for lyases that do not belong in the other subclasses

* : Now EC 4.98.1.1 * : alkylmercury lyase * : sirohydrochlorin cobaltochelatase * : sirohydrochlorin ferrochelatase * EC 4.99.1.5: Now , aliphatic aldoxime dehydratase * EC 4.99.1.6: Now , indoleacetaldoxime dehydratase * EC 4.99.1.7: Now , phenylacetaldoxime dehydratase * :

heme ligase Heme ligase (EC 4.99.1.8, heme detoxification protein, HDP, hemozoin synthase) is an enzyme with systematic name Fe3+:ferriprotoporphyrin IX ligase (β-hematin-forming). This enzyme catalyses the following reaction: : 2 ferriprotoporphyrin IX \r ...

* : coproporphyrin ferrochelatase * * : magnesium dechelatase * * : sirohydrochlorin nickelchelatase * * : pyridinium-3,5-bisthiocarboxylic acid mononucleotide nickel chelatase * : *No Wikipedia article

References

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