The following

outline Outline or outlining may refer to: * Outline (list), a document summary, in hierarchical list format * Code folding, a method of hiding or collapsing code or text to see content in outline form * Outline drawing, a sketch depicting the outer edge ...

is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Abkhazia:

Abkhazia Abkhazia, ka, აფხაზეთი, tr, , xmf, აბჟუა, abzhua, or ( or ), officially the Republic of Abkhazia, is a partially recognised state in the South Caucasus, recognised by most countries as part of Georgia, which vi ...

– '' de facto'' independent stateInternational Relations and Security Network
Kosovo wishes in Caucasus
By Simon Saradzhyan located in Eurasia whose '' de jure'' sovereignty is only recognized by Russia, Nicaragua, Venezuela,

Nauru Nauru ( or ; na, Naoero), officially the Republic of Nauru ( na, Repubrikin Naoero) and formerly known as Pleasant Island, is an island country and microstate in Oceania, in the Central Pacific. Its nearest neighbour is Banaba Island in Ki ...

and the disputed states of South Ossetia and Transnistria. The rest of the world's states consider Abkhazia to be ''de jure'' part of Georgia. Abkhazia is located in the western Caucasus, on the eastern coast of the Black Sea. On the north, it borders the Russian Federation, on the east Georgia's

Samegrelo-Zemo Svaneti Samegrelo-Zemo Svaneti (Georgian: სამეგრელო-ზემო სვანეთი) is a region (Mkhare) in western Georgia with a population of 308,358 (2021) and a surface of . The region has Zugdidi as its administrative center, w ...

region.

General reference

* Pronunciation * Common English country name:

* Official English country name: disputed between the

Republic of Abkhazia Abkhazia, ka, აფხაზეთი, tr, , xmf, აბჟუა, abzhua, or ( or ), officially the Republic of Abkhazia, is a partially recognised state in the South Caucasus, recognised by most countries as part of Georgia, which vi ...

and the

Autonomous Republic of Abkhazia Abkhazia, ka, აფხაზეთი, tr, , xmf, აბჟუა, abzhua, or ( or ), officially the Republic of Abkhazia, is a partially recognised state in the South Caucasus, recognised by most countries as part of Georgia, which vi ...

* Official English country name used by UN and international community:

* Common

endonym An endonym (from Greek: , 'inner' + , 'name'; also known as autonym) is a common, ''native'' name for a geographical place, group of people, individual person, language or dialect, meaning that it is used inside that particular place, group, ...

(s): * Official endonym(s): * Adjectival(s): Abkhaz, Abkhazian *

Demonym A demonym (; ) or gentilic () is a word that identifies a group of people (inhabitants, residents, natives) in relation to a particular place. Demonyms are usually derived from the name of the place (hamlet, village, town, city, region, province, ...

(s): * Etymology: Name of Abkhazia * ISO country codes: See the

Outline of Georgia (country) The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Georgia: Georgia (country) – country in the Caucasus region of Eurasia, located at the crossroads of Western Asia and Eastern Europe. After a brief period of indep ...

* ISO region codes: See the

* Internet country code top-level domain: See the Outline of Georgia

Geography of Abkhazia

Geography of Abkhazia Abkhazia is a region in South Caucasus. It is a ''de facto'' independent republic, but internationally is mostly recognized as part of Georgia. The article deals with the geography and climate of Abkhazia. Geography Abkhazia covers an area of a ...

* Abkhazia is: a de facto independent state, its de jure independence is only recognised by Russia, Nicaragua and South Ossetia, the rest of the world's states recognise it as part of Georgia. * Location: **

Northern Hemisphere The Northern Hemisphere is the half of Earth that is north of the Equator. For other planets in the Solar System, north is defined as being in the same celestial hemisphere relative to the invariable plane of the solar system as Earth's Nort ...

and

Eastern Hemisphere The Eastern Hemisphere is the half of the planet Earth which is east of the prime meridian (which crosses Greenwich, London, United Kingdom) and west of the antimeridian (which crosses the Pacific Ocean and relatively little land from pole to pol ...

*** Eurasia **** Asia ***** Southwest Asia ****** Caucasus ******* Georgia **** Europe ***** Eastern Europe ****** Caucasus ******* Georgia ** Time zone: MSK ( UTC+3) * Extreme Points: ** Northernmost Point: The Psou River near the Russian village of Aibga in Krasnodar Krai ** Southernmost Point: A beach near Bchara ** Easternmost Point: Near the source of the Sakeni River in the Caucasus ** Westernmost Point: Leselidze ** Highest Point: Summit of

Dombay-Ulgen Dombai-Ulgen or Dombay-Ulgen ( ka, დომბაი-ულგენი; russian: Домбай-Ульген, krc, Доммай ёлген) is a mountain of the Greater Caucasus and the highest point of Abkhazia, a state with limited internation ...

** Lowest Point: Sea level * Population of Abkhazia: 216,000 (2003 and disputed) * * Area of Abkhazia: * Atlas of Abkhazia

Environment of Abkhazia

* Climate of Abkhazia * World Heritage Sites in Abkhazia: None

Regions of Abkhazia

Administrative divisions of Abkhazia

Administrative divisions of Abkhazia In Soviet times, the Abkhazian ASSR was divided into six ''raions'' (districts) named after their respective capitals. The administrative divisions of the disputed Republic of Abkhazia have stayed the same, with one exception: in 1995 the Tkvarch ...

Districts of Abkhazia The Districts of Abkhazia are the first-level subdivisions of Abkhazia, Georgia. Districts are led by the Head of the Administration, who is simultaneously Mayor of the District's capital, except in the case of Sukhumi. The Head of the Administra ...

** Municipalities of Abkhazia

= Districts of Abkhazia

* Gagra *

Gali Gali may refer to: * Francisco Gali, a 16th-century Spanish sailor and cartographer * Gali (town), a town in Abkhazia, Georgia * Gali District, Abkhazia * Gali Municipality, Autonomous Republic of Abkhazia * Gali, Kermanshah31, a village in Kermans ...

* Gudauta * Gulripshi * Ochamchire * Sukhumi *

Tkvarcheli Tkvarcheli ( ka, ტყვარჩელი ; ab, Тҟəарчал, ''Tqwarchal''; Ткуарчал (Tkuarchal) russian: Ткварчели, ''Tkvarcheli'') is a town in Abkhazia. It is situated on the river Ghalidzga (Aaldzga) and a railway c ...

= Municipalities of Abkhazia

Cities of Abkhazia

Capital Capital may refer to: Common uses * Capital city, a municipality of primary status ** List of national capital cities * Capital letter, an upper-case letter Economics and social sciences * Capital (economics), the durable produced goods used f ...

of Abkhazia: Sukhumi

Towns of Abkhazia

* Gagra *

* Gudauta * New Athos * Ochamchire *

Pitsunda Pitsunda ( ab, Пиҵунда, russian: Пицунда) or Bichvinta ( ka, ბიჭვინთა ) is a resort town in the Gagra District of Abkhazia/Georgia (country), Georgia. Founded by Greek colonists in the 5th century BC, Pitsunda became ...

Other settlements (villages)

* Bzyb * Gulripshi * Leselidze *

Ilori Ilori ( ka, ილორი; ab, Елыр, ''Elyr''; russian: Илори) is a village in the Ochamchira District of Abkhazia, Georgia, located on the coast of the Black Sea. The elevation of the village is 10 meters above sea level. The locati ...

Lykhny Lykhny ( ka, ლიხნი, Abkhaz and Russian: Лыхны) is a village in the Gudauta District of Abkhazia, a disputed region on the Black Sea coast. History In medieval Georgian sources the village is also known as ''Zupu'' (''ზუფ� ...

Myussera ab, Мысра , pushpin_map = Georgia#Abkhazia , image_map = Mysra na mapě.svg , mapsize = , map_caption = Location of Myussera in Abkhazia , image_skyline = Ambara_church_ruins_in_Abkhazia,_1899 ...

Pskhu Pskhu ( ka, ფსხუ, ''Pskhu''; ab, Ҧсҳәы, ''Ps'hwy''; russian: Псху, ''Pskhu'') is a village in the Sukhumi District of Abkhazia, a disputed region on the Black Sea coast. Its population was about 150 (as of 2005) with ethnic Russia ...

Gantiadi Gantiadi ( ka, განთიადი ; russian: Гантиади) or Tsandryphsh ( ab, Цандрыҧшь; russian: Цандрыпш), is an urban-type settlement on the Black Sea coast in Georgia, in the Gagra District of Abkhazia, 5 km f ...

Demography of Abkhazia

Demographics of Abkhazia

Government and politics of Abkhazia

Politics of Abkhazia Politics in Abkhazia is dominated by its conflict with Georgia. Abkhazia became ''de facto'' independent from Georgia after the 1992–1993 war, but its ''de jure'' independence has only been recognised by a few other countries. Abkhazia is ...

''Abkhazia is de facto independent, but most of the world's governments consider Abkhazia to be a de jure part of Georgia, and not an independent country.'' *

Form of government A government is the system or group of people governing an organized community, generally a state. In the case of its broad associative definition, government normally consists of legislature, executive, and judiciary. Government is a ...

presidential President most commonly refers to: *President (corporate title) *President (education), a leader of a college or university * President (government title) President may also refer to: Automobiles * Nissan President, a 1966–2010 Japanese fu ...

representative democratic Representative democracy, also known as indirect democracy, is a type of democracy where elected people represent a group of people, in contrast to direct democracy. Nearly all modern Western-style democracies function as some type of represe ...

republic A republic () is a "state in which power rests with the people or their representatives; specifically a state without a monarchy" and also a "government, or system of government, of such a state." Previously, especially in the 17th and 18th c ...

of Abkhazia: Sukhumi * Elections in Abkhazia *

Political parties in Abkhazia This article lists political parties and socio-political movements in the partially recognised Republic of Abkhazia. Abkhazia has a multi-party system. Political parties tend to not have stable ideological platforms, and as such, party actions and ...

Branches of government

Government of the Republic of Abkhazia

Executive branch of the government of Abkhazia

* Head of state: President of Abkhazia, Raul Khajimba * Head of government:

Prime Minister of Abkhazia The prime minister of Abkhazia is the ''de facto'' head of government of the partially recognized Republic of Abkhazia, that is ''de jure'' part of Georgia. History Government of President Vladislav Ardzinba While the presidency was held by ...

Leonid Lakerbaia Leonid Lakerbaia (, ; born 1 January 1947 in Kutaisi), was the Prime Minister of Abkhazia in the Government of President Ankvab from 27 September 2011 until his resignation on 2 June 2014 following the 2014 Abkhazian political crisis. Lakerbaia is ...

* Cabinet of Abkhazia ** Prime Minister –

** First Vice Premier – Indira Awardan ** Vice Premier – Alexander Stranichkin ** Vice Premier –

Vladimir Delba Vladimir Valerevich Delba is a politician from Abkhazia, who served as acting Prime Minister, Finance Minister and Vice Premier in the Government of President Ankvab. After serving as Deputy Minister for Finance in the Government of President B ...

** Chief of the Cabinet Staff – Marina Ladaria ** Minister of Defence –

Mirab Kishmaria Mirab Boris-ipa Kishmaria ( ab, Мираб Борис-иҧа Кишьмариа, ka, მერაბ ქიშმარია, russian: Мира́б Бори́сович Кишма́рия) was an Abkhaz politician and army general who served as t ...

** Minister of Finance –

** Minister for Foreign Affairs –

Viacheslav Chirikba Viacheslav Chirikba is a linguist and politician from Abkhazia. He was Minister for Foreign Affairs of Abkhazia between 2011 and 2016. Personal life Chirikba was born on 17 March 1959 in Gagra. From 1966 until 1976, he attended School No.5 in ...

** Minister of Internal Affairs –

Otar Khetsia Otar Mikhailovich Khetsia (russian: Отар Михайлович Хеция; born 19 February 1965) has twice been Minister of Internal Affairs of Abkhazia. Career Otar Khetsia was first appointed Interior Minister after the election of Preside ...

** Minister of Justice – Yekaterina Onishchenko ** Minister of Economy –

David Iradyan David (; , "beloved one") (traditional spelling), , ''Dāwūd''; grc-koi, Δαυΐδ, Dauíd; la, Davidus, David; gez , ዳዊት, ''Dawit''; xcl, Դաւիթ, ''Dawitʿ''; cu, Давíдъ, ''Davidŭ''; possibly meaning "beloved one". w ...

** Minister for Taxes and Fees – Rauf Tsimtsba ** Minister of Agriculture –

Beslan Jopua Beslan (russian: Бесла́н; os, Беслӕн, ''Beslæn'', ) is a town and the administrative center of Pravoberezhny District of the Republic of North Ossetia–Alania, Russia, located about north of the republic's capital Vladikavkaz, ...

** Minister of Labour and Social Security –

Olga Koltukova Olga may refer to: People and fictional characters * Olga (name), a given name, including a list of people and fictional characters named Olga or Olha * Michael Algar (born 1962), English singer also known as "Olga" Places Russia * Olga, Russia ...

** Minister of Health –

Zurab Marshan Zurab Marshan was Minister for Health of Abkhazia from 25 February 2005 until 15 October 2014, in the Governments of Government of President Bagapsh, President Bagapsh and Government of President Ankvab, President Ankvab. Marshan was first appointed ...

** Minister of Education – Daur Nachkebia ** Minister of Culture –

Badr Gunba Badr Gunba (born 1981) was the Minister for Culture and the Preservation of Historical and Cultural Heritage of Abkhazia from 2011 until 2014. He was appointed by newly elected President Alexander Ankvab on 13 October 2011. Following the May 20 ...

** Chairman of the State Customs Committee – Said Tarkil ** Chairman of the State Committee for Management of State Property and Privatization – Konstantin Katsia ** Chairman of the State Committee for Resorts and Tourism – Tengiz Lakerbaia ** Chairman of the State Committee on Youth and Sport – Shazina Avidzba ** Chairman of the State Committee for Repatriation –

Zurab Adleiba Zurab (Georgian: ზურაბ) is a Georgian masculine given name. It derives from the Persian Sohrab, a name of the legendary warrior from Ferdowsi's ''Shahnameh''. It may refer to: * Zurab Adeishvili (born 1972), Georgian jurist and politicia ...

** Chairman of the State Committee for Ecology and Nature – Roman Dbar

Legislative branch of the government of Abkhazia

* People's Assembly of Abkhazia ( unicameral)

Judicial branch of the government of Abkhazia

Court system of Abkhazia *

Supreme Court of Abkhazia Supreme may refer to: Entertainment * Supreme (character), a comic book superhero * ''Supreme'' (film), a 2016 Telugu film * Supreme (producer), hip-hop record producer * "Supreme" (song), a 2000 song by Robbie Williams * The Supremes, Motown-e ...

– highest judicial body in Abkhazia * Military Court (Abkhazia) *

Arbitrary Court (Abkhazia) Arbitrariness is the quality of being "determined by chance, whim, or impulse, and not by necessity, reason, or principle". It is also used to refer to a choice made without any specific criterion or restraint. Arbitrary decisions are not necess ...

* Council of Justice (Abkhazia)

Foreign relations of Abkhazia

Foreign relations of Abkhazia The Republic of Abkhazia is a partially recognized state in the South Caucasus that declared independence from Georgia during the War in Abkhazia (1992–1993). At the time, the Soviet Union had only just recently collapsed (in 1991). Since 1992 ...

* Diplomatic missions in Abkhazia * Diplomatic missions of Abkhazia * Abkhazia-Russia relations * Abkhazia-Nicaragua relations * Abkhazia-South Ossetia relations

International organization membership

*''none''

Law and order in Abkhazia

Law of Abkhazia Law is a set of rules that are created and are enforceable by social or governmental institutions to regulate behavior,Robertson, ''Crimes against humanity'', 90. with its precise definition a matter of longstanding debate. It has been vario ...

* Constitution of Abkhazia * Crime in Abkhazia * Human rights in Abkhazia ** LGBT rights in Abkhazia ** Freedom of religion in Abkhazia * Law enforcement in Abkhazia

Military of Abkhazia

Military of Abkhazia The Abkhazian Armed Forces (; ) are the military forces of Abkhazia. The forces were officially created on 12 October 1992, after the outbreak of the 1992–1993 war with Georgia. The basis of the armed forces was formed by the ethnic Abkhaz Na ...

* Command ** Commander-in-chief: ***

Ministry of Defence of Abkhazia The Ministry of Defense of Abkhazia ( ab, Аԥсны Атәлахьчара Аминистрра, russian: Министерства обороны Абхазия) is an agency of the partially recognized Government of the Republic of Abkhazia. It ...

* Forces ** Army of Abkhazia ** Navy of Abkhazia ** Air Force of Abkhazia ** Special forces of Abkhazia *

Military history of Abkhazia A military, also known collectively as armed forces, is a heavily armed, highly organized force primarily intended for warfare. It is typically authorized and maintained by a sovereign state, with its members identifiable by their distinct ...

Military ranks of Abkhazia A military, also known collectively as armed forces, is a heavily armed, highly organized force primarily intended for warfare. It is typically authorized and maintained by a sovereign state, with its members identifiable by their distinct ...

Local government in Abkhazia

History of Abkhazia

History of Abkhazia * Timeline of the history of Abkhazia * Current events of Abkhazia *

Culture of Abkhazia

Culture of Abkhazia * Architecture of Abkhazia * Cuisine of Abkhazia * Festivals in Abkhazia *

Languages of Abkhazia Abkhazia, ka, აფხაზეთი, tr, , xmf, აბჟუა, abzhua, or ( or ), officially the Republic of Abkhazia, is a partially recognised state in the South Caucasus, recognised by most countries as part of Georgia, which vi ...

Media in Abkhazia Mass media in Abkhazia consists of several TV channels, newspapers, magazines and radio stations. Some of them are government-owned, others are private. Apsnypress is the government information agency. Russian media are generally also available an ...

National symbols of Abkhazia National may refer to: Common uses * Nation or country ** Nationality – a ''national'' is a person who is subject to a nation, regardless of whether the person has full rights as a citizen Places in the United States * National, Maryland, ce ...

** Emblem of Abkhazia ** Flag of Abkhazia ** National anthem of Abkhazia: Aiaaira * People of Abkhazia **

Macropogones The Macropogones ( gr, Μακροπώγωνες, literally "longbeards") were an ancient people who lived in Abkhazia (and as such likely spoke a Northwest Caucasian language). Their name in Greek means "Big Beards" or "Long Beards". This is a so ...

* Public holidays in Abkhazia * Records of Abkhazia *

Religion in Abkhazia Many inhabitants of Abkhazia are Orthodox Christians, With significant minorities adhering to Islam and the Abkhaz neopaganism, or the "Abkhazian traditional religion". The influence of this last has always remained strong and has been experi ...

Christianity in Abkhazia Christianity is a main religion in Abkhazia. The history of introduction of Christianity in the present-day Abkhazia can be traced to the 1st century and in 325 the bishop of Pityus participated in the First Ecumenical Council in Nicaea. Since the ...

** Hinduism in Abkhazia ** Islam in Abkhazia ** Judaism in Abkhazia ** Sikhism in Abkhazia * World Heritage Sites in Abkhazia: None

Art in Abkhazia

* Art in Abkhazia * Cinema of Abkhazia * Literature of Abkhazia **

Abkhaz literature The written Abkhaz literature appeared relatively recently in the beginning of the 20th century although Abkhaz oral tradition is quite rich. History Abkhaz share with other Caucasian peoples the Nart sagas — series of tales about mythical hero ...

Music of Abkhazia "" ( ab, Аиааира; "Victory") is the national anthem of the partially recognized state of Abkhazia. It was adopted in 1992. The lyrics were written by poet Gennady Alamia, and the music was composed by Valery Chkadua. History The lyric ...

* Television in Abkhazia * Theatre in Abkhazia

Sports in Abkhazia

Sports in Abkhazia *

Football in Abkhazia Football is a major sport in Abkhazia (a territory in the Caucasus). During Soviet times, the main club within Abkhazia itself was FC Dinamo Sukhumi, but Abkhazian footballers were prominent in the Georgian team FC Dinamo Tbilisi and in other Sovie ...

* Abkhazia in the Olympics

Economy and infrastructure of Abkhazia

Economy of Abkhazia The economy of Abkhazia is heavily integrated with the economy of Russia and uses the Russian ruble as its currency. Abkhazia has experienced a modest economic upsring since the 2008 South Ossetia war and Russia's subsequent recognition of Abkha ...

* Economic rank, by nominal GDP (2007): * Banking in Abkhazia ** National Bank of Abkhazia * Communications in Abkhazia ** Internet in Abkhazia * Companies of Abkhazia * Currency of Abkhazia: Ruble **

ISO 4217 ISO 4217 is a standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) that defines alpha codes and numeric codes for the representation of currencies and provides information about the relationships between individual cu ...

: RUB * Energy in Abkhazia * Health care in Abkhazia *

Transportation in Abkhazia Transport (in British English), or transportation (in American English), is the intentional movement of humans, animals, and goods from one location to another. Modes of transport include air, land (rail and road), water, cable, pipeline, an ...

** Airports in Abkhazia ** Rail transport in Abkhazia **

Roads in Abkhazia A road is a linear way for the conveyance of traffic that mostly has an improved surface for use by vehicles (motorized and non-motorized) and pedestrians. Unlike streets, the main function of roads is transportation. There are many types of ...

Education in Abkhazia

* Education in Abkhazia

References

External links

Abkhazia and South Ossetia maps : Georgia's rebel regions
maps Abkhazia ussr.
Government of the Autonomous Republic of Abkhazia. Official web-page

President of the Republic of Abkhazia. Official site
*
Institute for Social and Economic Research

* ttp://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/3261059.stm BBC Regions and territories: Abkhazia
The Autonomous Republic of Abkhazeti - from Georgian National Parliamentary Library

Abkhazia.com Official website of the refugees from Abkhazia

Abkhazia and South Ossetia: Georgia's rebel regions
news portal
Archaeology and ethnography of Abkhazia. Abkhaz Institute of Social Studies. Abkhaz State Museum
{{DEFAULTSORT:Abkhazia