The House of Thani ( ar, الثاني , translit=Al Thani) is the ruling family of

Qatar Qatar (, ; ar, قطر, Qaṭar ; local vernacular pronunciation: ), officially the State of Qatar,) is a country in Western Asia. It occupies the Qatar Peninsula on the northeastern coast of the Arabian Peninsula in the Middle East; it ...

, with origins tracing back to the

Banu Tamim Banū Tamīm ( ar, بَنُو تَمِيم) is an Arab tribe that originated in Najd in the Arabian Peninsula. It is mainly present in Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, Jordan, Algeria, and has a strong presence in Morocco, Palestine, Tuni ...

tribal confederation.

History and structure

The Al Thanis can be traced back to Mudar bin Nizar. The tribe were settled at Gebrin oasis in southern Najd (present-day

Saudi Arabia Saudi Arabia, officially the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), is a country in Western Asia. It covers the bulk of the Arabian Peninsula, and has a land area of about , making it the fifth-largest country in Asia, the second-largest in the A ...

) before they moved to Qatar. Around the 17th century, the tribe lived in Ushayqir, a settlement north-east of

Riyadh Riyadh (, ar, الرياض, 'ar-Riyāḍ, lit.: 'The Gardens' Najdi pronunciation: ), formerly known as Hajr al-Yamamah, is the capital and largest city of Saudi Arabia. It is also the capital of the Riyadh Province and the centre of th ...

. They settled in Qatar around the 1720s. Their first settlement in Qatar was in the southern town of Sikak, and from there they moved north-west to

Zubarah Zubarah ( ar, الزبارة), also referred to as Al Zubarah or Az Zubarah, is a ruined and ancient fort located on the north western coast of the Qatar peninsula in the Al Shamal municipality, about 105 km from the Qatari capital of Doha. ...

and Al Ruwais. They settled in

Doha Doha ( ar, الدوحة, ad-Dawḥa or ''ad-Dōḥa'') is the capital city and main financial hub of Qatar. Located on the Persian Gulf coast in the east of the country, north of Al Wakrah and south of Al Khor, it is home to most of the count ...

in the 19th century under their leader Mohammed bin Thani. The group was named after the father of Mohammad, Thani bin Mohammad. The family is made of four main factions: Bani Qassim, Bani Ahmed, Bani Jaber, and Bani Thamer. As of the early 1990s, the number of the family members was estimated to be about 20,000. The leadership transitions in 1913, 1949, 1960, and 2013 were aII

abdication Abdication is the act of formally relinquishing monarchical authority. Abdications have played various roles in the succession procedures of monarchies. While some cultures have viewed abdication as an extreme abandonment of duty, in other societ ...

s. These abdications were to a nephew in one incident and sons in the others.

Rulers

List of

Emir Emir (; ar, أمير ' ), sometimes transliterated amir, amier, or ameer, is a word of Arabic origin that can refer to a male monarch, aristocrat, holder of high-ranking military or political office, or other person possessing actual or cer ...

s: *Sheikh Thani bin Mohammad *Sheikh Mohammed bin Thani, Emir of Qatar (1851–1878) *Sheikh Jassim bin Mohammed Al Thani, Emir of Qatar (1878–1913) * Sheikh Ahmad bin Mohammed Al Thani, Ruled Qatar between 1898 and 1905 (''after his brother abdicated in favor of him'') until he was killed in 1905. *Sheikh Mohammed bin Jassim Al Thani, Emir of Qatar (1913–1914) *Sheikh Abdullah bin Jassim Al Thani, Emir of Qatar (1914–1949) *Sheikh Ali bin Abdullah Al Thani, Emir of Qatar (1949–1960) *Sheikh Ahmad bin Ali Al Thani, Emir of Qatar (1960–1972) *Sheikh Khalifa bin Hamad Al Thani, Emir of Qatar (1972–1995) *Sheikh

Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani Sheikh Hamad bin Khalifa bin Hamad bin Abdullah bin Jassim bin Mohammed Al Thani ( ar, حمد بن خليفة الثاني; born 1 January 1952) is a member of the ruling Al Thani Qatari royal family. He was the ruling Emir of Qatar from 1995 ...

, Emir of Qatar (1995–2013) *Sheikh

Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani Sheikh Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani ( ar, تميم بن حمد بن خليفة آل ثاني; born 3 June 1980, Doha, Qatar) is the Emir of Qatar who succeeded his father, Sheikh Hamad, after Hamad abdicated in his favour. Tamim is the fourth son ...

, Emir of Qatar (2013–present)

Family tree

Geneaological tree of the Al Thani tribe

Jassim bin Mohammed Al Thani Branch

*Sheikh Jassim bin Mohammed Al Thani (ca. 1825–1913) Founder of modern Qatar ** Sheikh

Fahad bin Jassim Al Thani I Fahd ( ar, فهد, “leopard“ or “cheetah”), also transliterated Fahed or Fahad, can refer to: People Given name Fahad *Fahad Ali (born 1987), Indian television actor *Fahad Babar (born 1992), Pakistani born American cricketer *Fahad A ...

(19th century, died when he was young) ** Sheikh

Khalifa bin Jassim Al Thani Sheikh Khalifa bin Jassim bin Muhammed bin Jassim bin Muhammed Al Thani (born 1959) is the chairman since 2014 of the Federation of the GCC Chambers of Commerce and Industry. He is a member of the Qatari royal family and businessman. He is the nin ...

(1851–1931) ** Sheikh Thani bin Jassim Al Thani (1856–1943), Sheikh of Al Gharafa ** Sheikh Abdulrahman bin Jassim Al Thani (1871–1930), Sheikh of Al Wakra ** Sheikh Abdullah bin Jassim Al Thani (1880–1957), Former Sheikh of

Al Rayyan Al Rayyan (; also spelled as ''Ar Rayyan'') is the third-largest municipality in the state of Qatar. Its primary settlement is the city of the same name, which occupies the entire eastern section and largely surrounds Metropolitan Doha and funct ...

, Ruler of

(1914–1940, 1948–1949) ** Sheikh Ali bin Jassim Al Thani (19th century, died when he was young) ** Sheikh Mohammed bin Jassim Al Thani (1881–1971), Sheikh of

Umm Salal Mohammed Umm Salal Mohammed ( ar, أم صلال محمد, Umm Şalāl Muḩammad) is a town in the municipality of Umm Salal in Qatar. The town has numerous farms, wells and a large water reservoir which is filled during the rainy season. Geography The ...

*** Sheikh Jassim bin Muhammed bin Jassim Al Thani **** Sheikh Fahad bin Jassim Al Thani (19th century–1977) ***** Sheikh Faisal bin Fahad Al Thani ***** Sheikh Hamad bin Fahad Al Thani ***** Sheikh Abdullah bin Fahad Al Thani **** Sheikh Nasir bin Jassim Al Thani ***** Sheikh ??? bin Nasir Al Thani ***** Sheikh ??? bin Nasir Al Thani ***** Sheikh ??? bin Nasir Al Thani ***** Sheikh ??? bin Nasir Al Thani ***** Sheikh ??? bin Nasir Al Thani **** Sheikh Abdulaziz bin Jassim Al Thani (19th century–1970) **** Sheikh Khalid bin Jassim Al Thani ***** Sheikh Fahad bin Khalid bin Jassim Al Thani ***** Sheikh ??? bin Khalid Al Thani **** Sheikh Hamad Bin Jassim Al Thani ***** Sheikh ??? bin Hamad Al Thani ***** Sheikh ??? bin Hamad Al Thani **** Sheikh Abdulrahman bin Jassim Al Thani ***** Sheikh ??? bin Abdulrahman Al Thani ***** Sheikh ??? bin Abdulrahman Al Thani ***** Sheikh ??? bin Abdulrahman Al Thani ***** Sheikh ??? bin Abdulrahman Al Thani **** Sheikh Ali bin Jassim Al Thani **** Sheikh Abdullah bin Jassim Al Thani ***** Sheikh ??? bin Abdullah Al Thani ***** Sheikh ??? bin Abdullah Al Thani ***** Sheikh ??? bin Abdullah Al Thani ***** Sheikh ??? bin Abdullah Al Thani **** Sheikh

Umm Salal Umm Salal (; also spelled Umm Slal) is a municipality in the State of Qatar. It contains several historic places, such as Barzan Tower. The municipal headquarters Umm Salal is located in Umm Salal Ali, about 10 km from the coast and 15 ...

Ali ** Sheikh Fahad bin Jassim Al Thani II (19th century, died young) ** Sheikh Fahad bin Jassim Al Thani III (1897-ca.1980), Sheikh of Al Khiesa, settled in Rumeliah and Adba ** Sheikh Abdulaziz bin Jassim Al Thani (1896–1985), Sheikh of Al Markhiya ** Sheikh Salman bin Jassim Al Thani (19th century, died during/soon after his birth) ** Sheikh Idris bin Jassim Al Thani (19th century, died during/soon after his birth) ** Sheikh Mubarak bin Jassim Al Thani (19th century, died during/soon after his birth) ** Sheikh Salman bin Jassim Al Thani II (1899–1984), Sheikh of

Dukhan Dukhan ( ar, دخان) is a city in the western municipality of Al-Shahaniya in the State of Qatar. It is approximately west of the capital, Doha. Dukhan is administrated by Qatar's state oil agency QatarEnergy and is the site of the first oi ...

** Sheikh Nasser bin Jassim Al Thani (1900s–1978), Sheikh of

Nasiriya Nasiriyah ( ar, ٱلنَّاصِرِيَّة; BGN: ''An Nāşirīyah''; also spelled ''Nassiriya'' or ''Nasiriya'') is a city in Iraq. It is on the lower Euphrates, about south-southeast of Baghdad, near the ruins of the ancient city of Ur. ...

** Sheikh Sultan bin Jassim Al Thani (1900s–1976), Sheikh of Umm Al Amad ** Sheikh Ahmed bin Jassim Al Thani (1900s–1995), Sheikh of

Al Khor Al Khor ( ar, الخور; also spelled ''Al Khawr''), officially Al Khor and Al Thakhira, is a municipality in coastal northeastern Qatar. Al Khor City, the municipal seat, is located in the northeast coast of Qatar, around from the capital, ...

*** Sheikh Khawar bin Ahmed Al Thani Emir of

Hamad bin Abdullah Al Thani Sheikh Hamad bin Abdullah bin Jassim bin Muhammed Al Thani ( ar, حمد بن عبدالله بن جاسم بن محمد آل ثاني; 1896 – 27 May 1948) was Crown Prince of the State of Qatar. Sheikh Hamad was the second son of the second E ...

– Emir till 25 June 2013 *******Sheikh Mishaal bin Hamad Al Thani – Heir Apparent (till 1996) *******Sheikh Jasim bin Hamad Al Thani – Heir Apparent (till 2003) *******Sheikh

– Emir from 25 June 2013 *******Sheikh Joaan bin Hamad Al Thani *******Sheikh Mohammed bin Hamad Al Thani *******Sheikh Khalid bin Hamad Al Thani *******Sheikh Abdullah bin Hamad Al Thani – Deputy Emir *******Sheikh Thani bin Hamad Al Thani *******Sheikh Khalfa bin Hamad Al Thani ***Sheikh Fahad bin Jassim Al Thani ****Sheikh Jassim bin Fahad Al Thani ****Sheikh Saud bin Fahad Al Thani ****Sheikh Hassan bin Fahad Al Thani ****Sheikh Mubarak bin Fahad Al Thani ****Sheikh Faleh bin Fahad Al Thani ****Sheikh Nasser bin Fahad Al Thani ***Sheikh Abdulrahman bin Jassim Al Thani ***Sheikh Thani bin Jassim bin Muhammed Al Thani ****Sheikh Muhammed bin Thani Al Thani *****Sheikh Thamir bin Muhammed bin Thani Al Thani ******Sheikh Hamad bin Thamir Al Thani

The Ahmed bin Muhammed Al Thani Branch

* Sheikh Thani bin Mohammed ** Sheikh Mohammed bin Thani *** Sheikh Ahmed bin Muhammed Al Thani – Governor of Doha ****Sheikh Saif bin Ahmed Al Thani *****Sheikh Ahmed bin Saif Al Thani ******Sheikh Saif bin Ahmed Al Thani ******Sheikh Mohammed bin Ahmed Al Thani ****Sheikh Khalifa bin Ahmed Al Thani *****Sheikh Nasser bin Khalifa Al Thani ******Sheikh

Abdullah bin Nasser bin Khalifa Al Thani Sheikh Abdullah bin Nasser bin Khalifa Al Thani ( ar, عبد الله بن ناصر بن خليفة آل ثاني; born 1960) is a Qatari politician, who served as the Prime Minister of Qatar from 26 June 2013 until his resignation on 28 Januar ...

, Prime Minister and Interior Minister of Qatar (2013)

The Fahad bin Muhammed Al Thani Branch

* Sheikh Thani bin Mohammed ** Sheikh Mohammed bin Thani *** Sheikh Fahad bin Muhammed Al Thani *** Sheikh Umair Al Thani

The Jaber bin Muhammed Al Thani Branch

* Sheikh Jabr bin Muhammed Al Thani (1878–1934) ** Sheikh Muhammad bin Jabr Al Thani (1916–1983) *** Sheikh Jaber bin Muhammad Al Thani **** Sheikh Jassim bin Jaber Al Thani ***** Sheikh Yousif bin Jassim Al Thani ***** Sheikh Jabor bin Jassim Al Thani ***** Sheikh Fahad bin Jassim Al Thani ***** Sheikh

Hamad bin Jassim bin Jaber Al Thani Sheikh Hamad bin Jassim bin Jaber bin Mohammed bin Thani Al Thani ( ar, حمد بن جاسم بن جبر آل ثاني; born 1959), also known informally by his initials HBJ, is a Qatari politician. He was the Prime Minister of Qatar from 3 April ...

(1959), Foreign Minister of

(1992-today), Prime Minister of Qatar (2007-today) retired (2013) ****** Sheikh Jabor bin Hamad Al Thani ****** Sheikh Jassim bin Hamad Al Thani ****** Sheikh Mohammed bin Hamad Al Thani ****** Sheikh Fahad bin Hamad Al Thani ****** Sheikh Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani ****** Sheikh Falah Bin Hamad Al Thani ***** Sheikh Falah bin Jassim Al Thani ***** Sheikh Mansoor bin Jassim Al Thani ***** Sheikh Nawaf bin Jassim Al Thani

Controversies

In 1995, many royal family members staged a successful coup against the then King, King Khalifa Al Thani. His son, Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani became the King. A few months later, there was a failed coup. Over the years, the Qatar government has revoked the nationality of many Qatari citizens. Criticism of the Royals and other government entities can land people in trouble. Many citizens have protested against the government over discriminatory practices.

References

External links

{{DEFAULTSORT:Thani Arab dynasties Wahhabi dynasties Banu Tamim