This timeline of the Big Bang shows a sequence of events as currently theorized by scientists. It is a

logarithmic scale A logarithmic scale (or log scale) is a way of displaying numerical data over a very wide range of values in a compact way—typically the largest numbers in the data are hundreds or even thousands of times larger than the smallest numbers. Such a ...

that shows

10 \cdot \log_

''second'' instead of ''second''. For example, one microsecond is

10 \cdot \log_ 0.000 001 = 10 \cdot (-6) = -60

. To convert −30 read on the scale to second calculate

10^ = 10^ = 0.001

second = one millisecond. On a logarithmic time scale a step lasts ten times longer than the previous step. ImageSize = width:720 height:1000 PlotArea = left:40 right:256 bottom:75 top:75 Colors = id:period1 value:rgb(1,1,0.7) # light yellow id:period2 value:rgb(0.7,0.7,1) # light blue id:events value:rgb(1,0.7,1) # light purple id:era1 Value:yellowgreen id:era2 value:lightorange id:time1 Value:coral id:time2 Value:lavender DateFormat = yyyy Period = from:-430 till:155 TimeAxis = format:yyyy orientation:vertical # order:reverse does not work ScaleMajor = unit:year increment:10 start:-430 # second ScaleMinor = unit:year increment:2 start:-430 AlignBars = justify BarData = bar:Clock bar:Era bar:Dummy3 bar:Periods bar:Dummy4 bar:Events TextData = fontsize:M pos:(240,75) text:

Planck epoch The chronology of the universe describes the history and future of the universe according to Big Bang cosmology. Research published in 2015 estimates the earliest stages of the universe's existence as taking place 13.8 billion years ago, with ...

pos:(250,50) text:

Big Bang The Big Bang event is a physical theory that describes how the universe expanded from an initial state of high density and temperature. Various cosmological models of the Big Bang explain the evolution of the observable universe from the ...

pos:(20,50) text:"0: Linear time" pos:(10,980) text:"Logarithmic time:" text:"10 · log10 second" pos:(154,946) text:"NEXT" pos:(117,931) text: The Stelliferous Era pos:(245,950) text:"

Reionization In the fields of Big Bang theory and cosmology, reionization is the process that caused matter in the universe to reionize after the lapse of the " dark ages". Reionization is the second of two major phase transitions of gas in the universe (t ...

" LineData = layer:front at:123 frompos:358 tillpos:369 width:0.5 # Matter domination points:(369,878)(402,800) width:0.5 points:(402,800)(413,800) width:0.5 PlotData= textcolor:black fontsize:M width:53 bar:Clock color:events align:right shift:(28,3) mark:(line,teal) at:-120 text:"One picosecond" at:-90 text:"One nanosecond" at:-60 text:"One microsecond" at:-30 text:"One millisecond" at:0 text:"One second" at:36 text:"One hour" at:75 text:"One year" at:105 text:"One thousand years" shift:(43,3) at:135 text:"One million years" width:53 bar:Era mark:(line,white) align:center shift:(0,0) from:-430 till:135 color:era1 text:" The Primordial Era" width:53 bar:Dummy3 width:158 bar:Periods align:center shift:(0,0) mark:(line,white) from:-430 till:-360 color:period1 text:

Grand unification epoch In physical cosmology, assuming that nature is described by a Grand Unified Theory, the grand unification epoch was the period in the evolution of the early universe following the Planck epoch, starting at about 10−43 seconds after the Big Bang ...

from:-360 till:-120 color:period2 text:

Electroweak epoch In physical cosmology, the electroweak epoch was the period in the evolution of the early universe when the temperature of the universe had fallen enough that the strong force separated from the electroweak interaction, but was high enough for elec ...

from:-120 till:-60 color:period1 text:

Quark epoch In physical cosmology, the Quark epoch was the period in the evolution of the early universe when the fundamental interactions of gravitation, electromagnetism, the strong interaction and the weak interaction had taken their present forms, but th ...

from:-60 till:0 shift:(-40,0) align:left color:period2 text:

Hadron epoch In physical cosmology, the hadron epoch started 20 microseconds after the Big Bang. The temperature of the universe had fallen sufficiently to allow the quarks from the preceding quark epoch to bind together into hadrons. Initially, the temperatur ...

from: 0 till:23 color:period1 text:

Lepton epoch In physical cosmology, the lepton epoch was the period in the evolution of the early universe in which the leptons dominated the mass of the Universe. It started roughly 1 second after the Big Bang, after the majority of hadrons and anti-hadrons a ...

from: 23 till:131 color:period2 text:

Photon epoch In physical cosmology, the photon epoch was the period in the evolution of the early universe in which photons dominated the energy of the universe. The photon epoch started after most leptons and anti-leptons were annihilated at the end of the l ...

from:131 till:155 color:period1 text:" Dark Ages" width:53 bar:Dummy4 width:53 mark:(line,purple) textcolor:black fontsize:M bar:Events color:events align:left shift:(30,-4) at:-430 shift:(30,-12) text:" Planck time, the smallest theoretically observable ~unit of time and the time before which science is ~unable to describe the universe. At this point, the ~force of gravity separated from the electronuclear ~force." at:-360 text:"Separation of the strong force from the ~electroweak force." from:-360 till:-320 align:left shift:(-55,0) color:time1 text:" Inflationary epoch. Universe expands exponentially, Higgs Field" at:-320 shift:(30,4) text:"Reheating after inflation populates universe ~with quarks and anti-quarks." at:-120 text:"The weak force separates from the ~electromagnetic force resulting in the four ~separate forces we know today." at:-60 text:"Quarks become confined within hadrons." at:-30 mark:(line,white) text:"Formation of hydrogen nuclei." at:0 text:"Neutrinos cease to interact with other particles." at:23 shift:(30,-11) text:"Lepton/anti-lepton pairs annihilate." from:23 till:31 align:center shift:(0,-4) color:time2 text:"

Big Bang nucleosynthesis In physical cosmology, Big Bang nucleosynthesis (abbreviated BBN, also known as primordial nucleosynthesis) is the production of nuclei other than those of the lightest isotope of hydrogen (hydrogen-1, 1H, having a single proton as a nucleus) du ...

" at:31 shift:(30,2) text:"3 to 20 minutes: Formation of helium nuclei" from:129 till:131 shift:(-114,-2) color:time1 mark:(line,white) text:" Recombination" # at:123 shift:(30,-32) text:" 70,000 years: Matter domination" at:123 mark:(line,white) shift:(30,-83) text:" 70,000 years: Matter domination" at:131 text:"379,000 years: Hydrogen and helium nuclei ~capture electrons to form stable atoms. Photons ~are no longer able to interact strongly with atoms. ~

Cosmic microwave background radiation In Big Bang cosmology the cosmic microwave background (CMB, CMBR) is electromagnetic radiation that is a remnant from an early stage of the universe, also known as "relic radiation". The CMB is faint cosmic background radiation filling all spac ...

streams ~freely." at:140 text:" 10-17 million years: Habitable epoch begins" at:155 text:"100 million years: First star begins to shine."

References

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Graphical Timeline Of The Big Bang Astronomy timelines Astrophysics Big Bang

Physical cosmology

See also

References