The Decapoda or decapods (literally "ten-footed") are an order of

crustacean Crustaceans (Crustacea, ) form a large, diverse arthropod taxon which includes such animals as decapods, seed shrimp, branchiopods, fish lice, krill, remipedes, isopods, barnacles, copepods, amphipods and mantis shrimp. The crustacean group ...

s within the class

Malacostraca Malacostraca (from New Latin; ) is the largest of the six classes of crustaceans, containing about 40,000 living species, divided among 16 orders. Its members, the malacostracans, display a great diversity of body forms and include crabs, lobst ...

, including many familiar groups, such as

crab Crabs are decapod crustaceans of the infraorder Brachyura, which typically have a very short projecting "tail" (abdomen) ( el, βραχύς , translit=brachys = short, / = tail), usually hidden entirely under the thorax. They live in all the ...

lobster Lobsters are a family (biology), family (Nephropidae, Synonym (taxonomy), synonym Homaridae) of marine crustaceans. They have long bodies with muscular tails and live in crevices or burrows on the sea floor. Three of their five pairs of legs ...

crayfish Crayfish are freshwater crustaceans belonging to the clade Astacidea, which also contains lobsters. In some locations, they are also known as crawfish, craydids, crawdaddies, crawdads, freshwater lobsters, mountain lobsters, rock lobsters, mu ...

shrimp Shrimp are crustaceans (a form of shellfish) with elongated bodies and a primarily swimming mode of locomotion – most commonly Caridea and Dendrobranchiata of the decapod order, although some crustaceans outside of this order are refer ...

and

prawns Prawn is a common name for small aquatic crustaceans with an exoskeleton and ten legs (which is a member of the order decapoda), some of which can be eaten. The term "prawn"Mortenson, Philip B (2010''This is not a weasel: a close look at nature ...

. Most decapods are

scavenger Scavengers are animals that consume dead organisms that have died from causes other than predation or have been killed by other predators. While scavenging generally refers to carnivores feeding on carrion, it is also a herbivorous feeding b ...

s. The order is estimated to contain nearly 15,000 species in around 2,700 genera, with around 3,300 fossil species. Nearly half of these species are crabs, with the shrimp (about 3,000 species) and

Anomura Anomura (sometimes Anomala) is a group of Decapoda, decapod crustaceans, including hermit crabs and others. Although the names of many anomurans include the word ''crab'', all true crabs are in the sister group to the Anomura, the Brachyura (the ...

including

hermit crab Hermit crabs are anomuran decapod crustaceans of the superfamily Paguroidea that have adapted to occupy empty scavenged mollusc shells to protect their fragile exoskeletons. There are over 800 species of hermit crab, most of which possess an a ...

porcelain crab Porcelain crabs are decapod crustaceans in the widespread family Porcellanidae, which superficially resemble true crabs. They have flattened bodies as an adaptation for living in rock crevices. They are delicate, readily losing limbs when attack ...

squat lobster Squat lobsters are dorsoventrally flattened crustaceans with long tails held curled beneath the cephalothorax. They are found in the two superfamilies Galatheoidea and Chirostyloidea, which form part of the decapod infraorder Anomura, alongsi ...

s (about 2500 species) making up the bulk of the remainder. The earliest

fossil A fossil (from Classical Latin , ) is any preserved remains, impression, or trace of any once-living thing from a past geological age. Examples include bones, shells, exoskeletons, stone imprints of animals or microbes, objects preserved ...

decapod is the

Devonian The Devonian ( ) is a geologic period and system of the Paleozoic era, spanning 60.3 million years from the end of the Silurian, million years ago (Mya), to the beginning of the Carboniferous, Mya. It is named after Devon, England, whe ...

Palaeopalaemon ''Palaeopalaemon'' is an extinct genus of the oldest lobster-like aquatic decapod crustaceans, containing the species ''Palaeopalaemon newberryi''. References {{Taxonbar, from1=Q98077933, from2=Q107155530 Decapods Prehistoric crustacean ge ...

''.

Anatomy

Decapods can have as many as 38 appendages, arranged in one pair per body segment. As the name Decapoda (from the

Greek Greek may refer to: Greece Anything of, from, or related to Greece, a country in Southern Europe: *Greeks, an ethnic group. *Greek language, a branch of the Indo-European language family. **Proto-Greek language, the assumed last common ancestor ...

, ', "ten", and , '' -pod'', "foot") implies, ten of these appendages are considered legs. They are the pereiopods, found on the last five thoracic segments. In many decapods, one pair of these "legs" has enlarged pincers, called

chelae A chela ()also called a claw, nipper, or pinceris a pincer (biology), pincer-like organ at the end of certain limbs of some arthropods. The name comes from Ancient Greek , through New Latin '. The plural form is chelae. Legs bearing a chela are ...

, with the legs being called chelipeds. In front of the pereiopods are three pairs of

maxilliped An appendage (or outgrowth) is an external body part, or natural prolongation, that protrudes from an organism's body. In arthropods, an appendage refers to any of the homologous body parts that may extend from a body segment, including anten ...

s that function as feeding appendages. The head has five pairs of appendages, including mouthparts, antennae, and antennules. There are five more pairs of appendages on the abdomen. They are called

pleopod The decapod ( crustaceans such as a crab, lobster, shrimp or prawn) is made up of 20 body segments grouped into two main body parts: the cephalothorax and the pleon (abdomen). Each segment may possess one pair of appendages, although in various ...

s. There is one final pair called

uropod Uropods are posterior appendages found on a wide variety of crustaceans. They typically have functions in locomotion. Definition Uropods are often defined as the appendages of the last body segment of a crustacean. An alternative definition sugge ...

s, which, with the

telson The telson () is the posterior-most division of the body of an arthropod. Depending on the definition, the telson is either considered to be the final segment of the arthropod body, or an additional division that is not a true segment on accou ...

, form the tail fan. Haeckel Decapoda

Evolution

Decapods originated in the

Late Ordovician The Ordovician ( ) is a geologic period and system, the second of six periods of the Paleozoic Era. The Ordovician spans 41.6 million years from the end of the Cambrian Period million years ago (Mya) to the start of the Silurian Period Mya. ...

around 455 million years ago, with the

Dendrobranchiata Dendrobranchiata is a suborder of Decapoda, decapods, commonly known as prawns. There are 540 extant species in seven families, and a fossil record extending back to the Devonian. They differ from related animals, such as Caridea and Stenopodidea ...

(prawns) being the first group to diverge. The remaining group, called

Pleocyemata Pleocyemata is a suborder of decapod crustaceans, erected by Martin Burkenroad in 1963. Burkenroad's classification replaced the earlier sub-orders of Natantia and Reptantia with the monophyletic groups Dendrobranchiata (prawns) and Pleocyemata. ...

, then diverged between the swimming

groupings and the crawling/walking group called

Reptantia Reptantia is a clade of decapod crustaceans named in 1880 which includes lobsters, crabs and many other well-known crustaceans. Classification In older classifications, Reptantia was one of the two sub-orders of Decapoda alongside Natantia, w ...

, consisting of

lobsters Lobsters are a family (Nephropidae, synonym Homaridae) of marine crustaceans. They have long bodies with muscular tails and live in crevices or burrows on the sea floor. Three of their five pairs of legs have claws, including the first pair, ...

and

crabs Crabs are decapod crustaceans of the infraorder Brachyura, which typically have a very short projecting "tail" (abdomen) ( el, βραχύς , translit=brachys = short, / = tail), usually hidden entirely under the thorax. They live in all the ...

. High species diversification can be traced to the

Jurassic The Jurassic ( ) is a Geological period, geologic period and System (stratigraphy), stratigraphic system that spanned from the end of the Triassic Period million years ago (Mya) to the beginning of the Cretaceous Period, approximately Mya. The J ...

and

Cretaceous The Cretaceous ( ) is a geological period that lasted from about 145 to 66 million years ago (Mya). It is the third and final period of the Mesozoic Era, as well as the longest. At around 79 million years, it is the longest geological period of th ...

periods, which coincides with the rise and spread of modern

coral reefs A coral reef is an underwater ecosystem characterized by reef-building corals. Reefs are formed of Colony (biology), colonies of coral polyp (zoology), polyps held together by calcium carbonate. Most coral reefs are built from stony corals, wh ...

, a key habitat for the decapods. The cladogram below results from analysis by Wolfe ''et al.'' (2019).

Classification

Classification within the order Decapoda depends on the structure of the

gill A gill () is a respiratory organ that many aquatic organisms use to extract dissolved oxygen from water and to excrete carbon dioxide. The gills of some species, such as hermit crabs, have adapted to allow respiration on land provided they are ...

s and legs, and the way in which the

larva A larva (; plural larvae ) is a distinct juvenile form many animals undergo before metamorphosis into adults. Animals with indirect development such as insects, amphibians, or cnidarians typically have a larval phase of their life cycle. The ...

e develop, giving rise to two suborders:

and

. The Dendrobranchiata consist of prawns, including many species colloquially referred to as "shrimp", such as the "white shrimp", ''

Litopenaeus setiferus ''Litopenaeus setiferus'' (also accepted: ''Penaeus setiferus'', and known by various common names including Atlantic white shrimp, '' white shrimp'', ''gray shrimp'', ''lake shrimp'', ''green shrimp'', ''green-tailed shrimp'', ''blue-tailed ...

''. The Pleocyemata include the remaining groups, including "true shrimp". Those groups that usually walk rather than swim (Pleocyemata, excluding Stenopodidea and Caridea) form a clade called Reptantia. This classification to the level of superfamilies follows De Grave ''et al.'' Penaeus vannamei 01

Blue crab on market in Piraeus - Callinectes sapidus Rathbun 20020819-317

Order Decapoda Latreille, 1802 *Suborder

Bate, 1888 **

Penaeoidea Penaeoidea is the larger of the two superfamilies of prawns. It comprises eight families, three of which are known only from fossils. The fossil record of the group stretches back to '' Aciculopoda'', discovered in Famennian sediments in Oklahom ...

Rafinesque, 1815 **

Sergestoidea Sergestoidea is a superfamily of prawns, divided into two families – the Luciferidae and the Sergestidae Sergestidae is a family of prawns which have lived since at least the Middle Jurassic (Bajocian/Bathonian). It contains the following g ...

Dana, 1852 *Suborder

Burkenroad, 1963 **Infraorder

Stenopodidea The Stenopodidea or boxer shrimps are a small group of decapod crustaceans. Often confused with Caridea shrimp or Dendrobranchiata prawns, they are neither, belonging to their own group. Anatomy They can be differentiated from the Dendrobranc ...

Bate, 1888 **Infraorder

Caridea The Caridea, commonly known as caridean shrimp or true shrimp, are an infraorder of shrimp within the order Decapoda. This infraorder contains all species of true shrimp. They are found widely around the world in both fresh and salt water. Many ...

Dana, 1852 ***

Procaridoidea Procarididea is an infraorder of Decapoda, decapods, comprising only eleven species. Six of these are in the genera ''Procaris'' and ''Vetericaris'', which together make up the family (biology), family Procarididae. The remaining five species are ...

Chace & Manning, 1972 ***

Galatheacaridoidea ''Galatheacaris abyssalis'' is a rare species of shrimp, now thought to be a larval stage of another genus, '' Eugonatonotus''. It was described in 1997 on the basis of a single specimen caught in the Celebes Sea at a depth of . It was seen to ...

Vereshchaka, 1997 ***

Pasiphaeoidea Pasiphaeidae is a family (biology), family of Caridea, shrimp. It is the only family in the Taxonomic rank, superfamily Pasiphaeoidea and contains seven extant genera: *''Alainopasiphaea'' Hayashi, 1999 *''Eupasiphae'' Wood-Mason, 1893 *''Glyphus ...

Dana, 1852 ***

Oplophoroidea The family Oplophoridae is a taxon of pelagic shrimp and the only subtaxon of the superfamily Oplophoroidea. It contains the following genera: *'' Acanthephyra'' A. Milne-Edwards, 1881 *'' Ephyrina'' Smith, 1885 *'' Heterogenys'' Chace, 1986 *'' ...

Dana, 1852 *** Atyoidea De Haan, 1849 ***

Bresilioidea Bresilioidea is a superfamily (zoology), superfamily of Caridea, shrimp. It is likely to be an polyphyly, artificial group, containing five families which may or may not be related. References

Caridea Arthropod superfamilies {{Caride ...

Calman, 1896 ***

Nematocarcinoidea Nematocarcinoidea is a superfamily of shrimp, comprising four families – Eugonatonotidae, Nematocarcinidae, Rhynchocinetidae and Xiphocarididae. They share the presence of strap-like epipods on at least the first three pairs of pereiopod ...

Smith, 1884 *** Psalidopodoidea Wood-....., 1874 ***

Stylodactyloidea The family (biology), family Stylodactylidae is a group of Caridea, shrimp and the only representative of its Taxonomic rank, superfamily (Stylodactyloidea). It contains the five genera ''Bathystylodactylus'', ''Neostylodactylus'', ''Parastylodac ...

Bate, 1888 ***

Campylonotoidea Campylonotoidea is a superfamily of Caridea, shrimp, containing the two families Campylonotidae and Bathypalaemonellidae. Fenner A. Chace considered it to be the sister group to the much larger superfamily Palaemonoidea, with which it shares the ...

Sollaud, 1913 ***

Palaemonoidea Palaemonoidea is a large superfamily of shrimp, containing nearly 1,000 species. The position of the family Typhlocarididae is unclear, although the monophyly of a group containing the remaining seven families is well supported. *Anchistioididae ...

Rafinesque, 1815 ***

Alpheoidea Alpheoidea is a superfamily of shrimp containing the families Alpheidae Alpheidae is a family of caridean snapping shrimp, characterized by having asymmetrical claws, the larger of which is typically capable of producing a loud snapping sound. ...

Rafinesque, 1815 ***

Processoidea The Processidae are a family of shrimp, comprising 65 species in five genera, and the only family in the superfamily Processoidea. They are small, nocturnal animals, mostly living in shallow seas, particularly on grass flats. The first pereiopods ...

Ortmann, 1896 ***

Pandaloidea The Pandaloidea are a superfamily (zoology), superfamily of Caridea, shrimp, comprising the large family Pandalidae (about 200 species) and the much smaller Chlorotocellidae (seven species). References

Caridea Arthropod superfamilies ...

Haworth, 1825 ***

Physetocaridoidea ''Physetocaris'' is a monotypic genus of caridean shrimp, containing a single species, ''Physetocaris microphthalma''. Systematics ''Physetocaris microphthalma'' is placed in its own family (Physetocarididae) and superfamily (Physetocaridoidea) ...

Chace, 1940 ***

Crangonoidea Crangonoidea is a superfamily of shrimp containing the two families Crangonidae and Glyphocrangonidae Glyphocrangonidae is a family of crustaceans belonging to the order Decapoda The Decapoda or decapods (literally "ten-footed") are an o ...

Haworth, 1825 **Infraorder

Astacidea Astacidea is an infraorder of decapod crustaceans including lobsters (though not "lobsters" such as the spiny lobster etc.), crayfish, and their close relatives. Description The Astacidea are distinguished from most other decapods by the presen ...

Latreille, 1802 ***

Enoplometopoidea Reef lobsters, ''Enoplometopus'', are a genus of small lobsters that live on reefs in the Indo-Pacific, Caribbean and warmer parts of the Atlantic Ocean. Description Species of ''Enoplometopus'' occur from coral reefs at depths of less than to ...

de Saint Laurent, 1988 ***

Nephropoidea Nephropoidea is a superfamily of decapod crustaceans. It contains the true lobsters in the Nephropidae (including the rare thaumastochelid lobsters), and three fossil families: Chilenophoberidae, Protastacidae and Stenochiridae. Their closes ...

Dana, 1852 ***

Astacoidea Astacoidea is superfamily of freshwater crayfish that live in the Northern Hemisphere. The other superfamily of crayfish, Parastacoidea, lives in the Southern Hemisphere. Astacoidea consists of three families: Astacidae (from Europe and weste ...

Latreille, 1802 ***

Parastacoidea The Parastacidae are the family of freshwater crayfish found in the Southern Hemisphere. The family is a classic Gondwana-distributed taxon, with extant members in South America, Madagascar, Australia, New Zealand, and New Guinea, and extinct ta ...

Huxley, 1879 **Infraorder

Glypheidea Glypheidea is an infraorder of lobster-like Decapoda, decapod crustaceans, comprising a number of fossil forms and the two extant taxon, extant (living) genera ''Neoglyphea'' and ''Laurentaeglyphea'': The infraorder was thought to be extinct unti ...

Winckler, 1882 ***

Glypheoidea The Glypheoidea (containing the glypheoid lobsters), is a group of lobster-like decapod crustaceans which forms an important part of fossil faunas, such as the Solnhofen limestone. These fossils included taxa such as ''Glyphea'' (from which the ...

Winckler, 1882 **Infraorder

Axiidea Axiidea is an infraorder of decapod crustaceans. They are colloquially known as mud shrimp, ghost shrimp, or burrowing shrimp; however, these decapods are only distantly related to true shrimp. Axiidea and Gebiidea are divergent infraoders of ...

de Saint Laurent, 1979b **Infraorder

Gebiidea Gebiidea is an infraorder of Decapoda, decapod crustaceans. Gebiidea and Axiidea are divergent infraoders of the former infraorder Thalassinidea. These infraorders have converged Ecology, ecologically and Morphology (biology), morphologically as ...

de Saint Laurent, 1979 **Infraorder

Achelata The Achelata is an infra-order of the decapod crustaceans, holding the spiny lobsters, slipper lobsters and their fossil relatives. Description The name "Achelata" derives from the fact that all the members of this group lack the chelae (claw ...

Scholtz & Richter, 1995 **Infraorder

Polychelida Polychelida is an infraorder of decapod crustaceans. Fossil representatives are known dating from as far back as the Upper Triassic. A total of 38 extant species, all in the family Polychelidae, and 55 fossil species have been described. Histor ...

Scholtz & Richter, 1995 **Infraorder

MacLeay, 1838 ***

Aegloidea The Aeglidae are a family of freshwater crustaceans currently restricted to South America. They are the only anomurans to be found in fresh water except for a single hermit crab species, '' Clibanarius fonticola'', on Espiritu Santo, Vanuatu. Th ...

Dana, 1852 ***

Galatheoidea The Galatheoidea are a superfamily of decapod crustaceans comprising the porcelain crabs and some squat lobsters. Squat lobsters within the three families of the superfamily Chirostyloidea are not closely related to the squat lobsters within th ...

Samouelle, 1819 ***

Hippoidea Hippoidea is a superfamily of decapod crustaceans known as sand crabs or mole crabs. Ecology Hippoids are adapted to burrowing into sandy beaches, a habit they share with raninid crabs, and the parallel evolution of the two groups is strikin ...

Latreille, 1825a ***

Chirostyloidea Chirostyloidea is an anomuran superfamily (taxonomy), superfamily with squat lobster-like representatives. It comprises the three family (biology), families Chirostylidae, Eumunididae and Kiwaidae. Although representatives of Chirostyloidea are s ...

Ortmann, 1892 ***

Lithodoidea King crabs are a taxon of decapod crustaceans chiefly found in cold seas. Because of their large size and the taste of their meat, many species are widely caught and sold as food, the most common being the red king crab (''Paralithodes camtsch ...

Samouelle, 1819 ***

Lomisoidea The hairy stone crab (''Lomis hirta'') is a crab-like crustacean that lives in the littoral zone of southern Australia from Bunbury, Western Australia, to the Bass Strait. It is the only species in its family (biology), family. It is wide, slow- ...

Bouvier, 1895 ***

Paguroidea Hermit crabs are anomuran Decapoda, decapod crustaceans of the superfamily (taxonomy), superfamily Paguroidea that have adapted to occupy empty scavenged mollusc shells to protect their fragile exoskeletons. There are over 800 species of hermit c ...

Latreille, 1802 **Infraorder Brachyura Linnaeus, 1758 ***Section

Dromiacea Dromiacea is a group of crabs, ranked as a section. It contains 240 extant and nearly 300 extinct species. Dromiacea is the most basal grouping of Brachyura crabs, diverging the earliest in the evolutionary history, around the Late Triassic or ...

De Haan, 1833 ****

Dromioidea Dromioidea is a superfamily of crabs mostly found in Madagascar. Dromioidea belongs the group Dromiacea, taxonomically ranked as a section, which is the most basal grouping of Brachyura crabs. Dromiacea likely diverged from the rest of Bra ...

De Haan, 1833 ****

Homolodromioidea Homolodromiidae is a family of crabs, the only family in the superfamily Homolodromioidea. In contrast to other crabs, including the closely related Homolidae, there is no strong ''linea homolica'' along which the exoskeleton An exoskeleton ...

Alcock, 1900 ****

Homoloidea Homoloidea is a superfamily of dromiacean crabs. Homoloidea belongs the group Dromiacea, taxonomically ranked as a section, and is the sister group to Dromioidea. Dromiacea is the most basal grouping of Brachyura crabs, and likely diverge ...

De Haan, 1839 ***Section

Raninoida Raninoida is a taxonomic section of the crabs, containing a single superfamily, Raninoidea. This group of crabs is unlike most, with the abdomen not being folded under the thorax. It comprises 46 extant species, and nearly 200 species known only ...

De Haan, 1839 ***Section

Cyclodorippoida Cyclodorippoida is a group of crabs, ranked as a section. It contains the single superfamily Cyclodorippoidea, which holds three families, Cyclodorippidae, Cymonomidae and Phyllotymolinidae. Below is a cladogram A cladogram (from Greek ' ...

Ortmann, 1892 ***Section

Eubrachyura Eubrachyura is a group of decapod crustaceans (ranked as a "section") comprising the more derived crabs. It is divided into two subsections, based on the position of the genital openings in the two sexes. In the Heterotremata, the openings are o ...

de Saint Laurent, 1980 ****Subsection

Heterotremata Heterotremata is a clade of crabs, comprising those crabs in which the genital openings are on the sternum in females, but on the legs in males. It comprises 68 families in 28 superfamilies. Evolution Heterotremata is the sister group to Thorac ...

Guinot, 1977 ***** Aethroidea Dana, 1851 ***** Bellioidea Dana, 1852 ***** Bythograeoidea Williams, 1980 *****

Calappoidea Calappoidea is a superfamily of crabs comprising the two families Calappidae and Matutidae. The earliest fossil A fossil (from Classical Latin , ) is any preserved remains, impression, or trace of any once-living thing from a past geo ...

De Haan, 1833 *****

Cancroidea Cancroidea is a superfamily of crabs, comprising the families Atelecyclidae and Cancridae. http://boletinsgm.igeolcu.unam.mx/bsgm/vols/epoca04/6502/%2810%29Osso.pdf Four other families have been separated into new superfamilies: Cheiragonidae ...

Latreille, 1802 ***** Carpilioidea Ortmann, 1893 ***** Cheiragonoidea Ortmann, 1893 ***** Corystoidea Samouelle, 1819 ***** Dairoidea Serène, 1965 ***** Dorippoidea MacLeay, 1838 ***** Eriphioidea MacLeay, 1838 ***** Gecarcinucoidea Rathbun, 1904 ***** Goneplacoidea MacLeay, 1838 ***** Hexapodoidea Miers, 1886 ***** Leucosioidea Samouelle, 1819 *****

Majoidea The Majoidea are a Superfamily (taxonomy), superfamily of crabs which includes the various spider crabs. Taxonomy In "''A classification of living and fossil genera of decapod crustaceans''" De Grave and colleagues divided Majoidea into six fa ...

Samouelle, 1819 ***** Orithyioidea Dana, 1852c ***** Palicoidea Bouvier, 1898 *****

Parthenopoidea Parthenopidae is a family of crabs, placed in its own Superfamily (taxonomy), superfamily, Parthenopoidea. It comprises nearly 40 genera, divided into two subfamilies, with three genera ''incertae sedis'': ;Daldorfiinae Ng & Rodríguez, 1986 * ...

MacLeay, ***** Pilumnoidea Samouelle, 1819 *****

Portunoidea __NOTOC__ Portunoidea is a superfamily of crabs that includes the family Portunidae, the swimming crabs. Which other crab families are also placed here is a matter of some contention, and may be revised following molecular phylogenetic analyse ...

Rafinesque, 1815 *****

Potamoidea Potamoidea is a superfamily of freshwater crabs, comprising the two families Potamidae and Potamonautidae Potamonautidae is a family of freshwater crabs endemic to Africa, including the islands of Madagascar, the Seychelles, Zanzibar, Mafia, ...

Ortmann, 1896 ***** Pseudothelphusoidea Ortmann, 1893 ***** Pseudozioidea Alcock, 1898 ***** Retroplumoidea Gill, 1894 *****

Trapezioidea Trapezioidea is a superfamily (zoology), superfamily of crabs. Its members live symbiosis, symbiotically with corals, and have a fossil record stretching back to the Eocene. Families The World Register of Marine Species lists the following famil ...

Miers, 1886 *****

Trichodactyloidea Trichodactylidae is a family of crabs, in its own superfamily, Trichodactyloidea. They are all freshwater animals from Central and South America, including some offshore islands, such as Ilhabela, São Paulo. Only one of the 50 species is kno ...

H. Milne-Edwards, 1853 *****

Xanthoidea Xanthoidea is a superfamily of crabs, comprising the three families Xanthidae, Panopeidae and Pseudorhombilidae. Formerly, a number of other families were included in Xanthoidea, but many of these have since been removed to other superfamilies. ...

MacLeay, 1838 ****Subsection

Thoracotremata Thoracotremata is a clade of crabs, comprising those crabs in which the genital openings in both sexes are on the sternum, rather than on the legs. It comprises 17 families in four superfamilies . Evolution Thoracotremata is the sister gro ...

Guinot, 1977 ***** Cryptochiroidea Paul'son, 1875 *****

Grapsoidea The Grapsoidea are a superfamily of crabs; they are well known and contain many taxa which are terrestrial (land-living), semiterrestrial (taking to the sea only for reproduction), or limnic (living in fresh water). Another well-known member w ...

MacLeay, 1838 *****

Ocypodoidea The Ocypodoidea, or ocypoid crabs, are a superfamily of crabs, named after the genus '' Ocypode''. It contains over 300 extant species in these eight families: * Camptandriidae Stimpson, 1858 * Dotillidae Stimpson, 1858 * Heloeciidae H. Miln ...

Rafinesque, 1815 ***** Pinnotheroidea De Haan, 1833

References

External links

*
Decapod Crustacea
"Tree of Life" page at the

Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County The Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County is the largest natural and historical museum in the western United States. Its collections include nearly 35 million specimens and artifacts and cover 4.5 billion years of history. This large coll ...

* {{Authority control Crustacean orders Malacostraca Extant Devonian first appearances Taxa named by Pierre André Latreille

Anatomy

Evolution

Classification

See also

References

External links