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Eurotiomycetes
Eurotiomycetes is a large class of ascomycetes with cleistothecial ascocarps within the subphylum Pezizomycotina, currently containing around 3810 species according to the Catalogue of Life. It is the third largest lichenized class, with more than 1200 lichen species that are mostly bitunicate in the formation of asci. It contains most of the fungi previously known morphologically as "Plectomycetes". Systematics and phylogeny Internal relationships The class Eurotiomycetes was circumscribed in 1997 by Swedish mycologists Ove Erik Eriksson and Katarina Winka. At that time it only contained the order Eurotiales, which together with the next order added, Onygenales, form a monophyletic group comprising most of the fungi in "Plectomycetes", a group no longer in use that unified fungi under exclusively morphological characteristics. As more orders were added to Eurotiomycetes, the first two along with Arachnomycetales became constrained to the first subclass, Eurotiomycetidae. I ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sclerococcomycetidae
The Dactylosporaceae or Sclerococcaceae are a family of lichen-forming fungi in the class Eurotiomycetes. It is the only family of the order Sclerococcales and subclass Sclerococcomycetidae. Taxonomy There are currently seven genera in the family: *'' Cylindroconidiis'' – 1 species *'' Fusichalara'' – 5 species *'' Gamsomyces'' – 1 species *'' Longimultiseptata'' – 2 species *'' Pseudobactrodesmium'' – 3 species *'' Rhopalophora'' – 1 species *'' Sclerococcum'' (='' Dactylospora'' , the type genus In biological taxonomy, the type genus is the genus which defines a biological family and the root of the family name. Zoological nomenclature According to the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, "The name-bearing type of a nominal ...) – around 5080 species References Lecanorales Lichen families Lecanoromycetes families Taxa described in 1982 Fungi described in 1982 Taxa named by Josef Hafellner {{Eurotiomycetes-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chaetothyriales
The Chaetothyriales are an order of ascomycetous fungi in the class Eurotiomycetes and within the subclass Chaetothyriomycetidae. The order was circumscribed in 1987 by mycologist Margaret Elizabeth Barr-Bigelow. Families and genera , Species Fungorum includes 9 families, 97 genera, and 691 species in the Chaetothyriales. The following list shows the families, genera, and number of species in the Chaetothyriales, adapted from a recent (2020) taxonomic and nomenclatural review of the order. *Chaetothyriaceae ::''Actinocymbe'' – 3 spp. ::'' Aithaloderma'' – 12 spp. ::'' Aphanophora'' – 1 sp. ::'' Arthrophiala'' – 1 sp. ::'' Camptophora'' – 2 spp. ::''Ceramothyrium'' – 39 spp. ::'' Ceratocarpia'' – 3 spp. ::'' Chaetothyriomyces'' – 1 sp. ::''Chaetothyrium'' – 67 spp. ::'' Cyphellophoriella'' – 1 sp. ::''Euceramia'' – 3 spp. ::'' Longihyalospora'' – 2 spp. ::''Microcallis'' – 9spp. ::'' Nullicamyces'' – 1 sp. ::''Phaeosaccardinula'' – 41 spp. ::'' Sta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coryneliomycetidae
The Coryneliales are an order of ascomycetous fungi within the monotypic subclass Coryneliomycetidae in the class Eurotiomycetes and within the subdivision Pezizomycotina. Species in this order are found almost exclusively in the tropics, primarily as a pathogen on the gymnosperm'' Podocarpus'', although it has been found on other plants like the Southern Hemisphere beech ''Nothofagus ''Nothofagus'', also known as the southern beeches, is a genus of 43 species of trees and shrubs native to the Southern Hemisphere in southern South America (Chile, Argentina) and Australasia (east and southeast Australia, New Zealand, New Gui ...'', and '' Drimys''. Taxonomy The order was circumscribed by Fred Jay Seaver and Carlos E. Chardón in 1924. The taxonomy as of 2022 recognizes 2 families, 10 genera and 83 species: *Family Coryneliaceae **'' Caliciopsis'' – 36 species **'' Corynelia'' – 16 species **'' Coryneliopsis'' – 2 species **'' Coryneliospora'' – 2 species **'' F ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cryptocaliciomycetidae
''Cryptocalicium'' is a single-species fungal genus of the order Eurotiomycetes that was circumscribed in 2021. It contains the species ''Cryptocalicium blascoi''. ''Cryptocalicium'' is the only genus in the monotypic family Cryptocaliciaceae, the order Cryptocaliciales and the subclass Cryptocaliciomycetidae. ''Cryptocalicium'' is a representative of the "mazaediate" or "calicioid" fungi, a polyphyletic group of independently evolved ascomycetes that share a morphological characteristic: the presence of a distinct structure in which loose masses of ascospores accumulate to be passively disseminated, called the mazaedium. Morphology Members of ''Cryptocalicium'' have very small stalked apothecioid ascomata that produce a mazaedium. The hymenium of the ascomata presents septate, sterile (i.e. not fertile) protruding elements. Their asci are clavate in shape with a long stalk, they are bitunicate with evanescent walls, and turn amyloid after a chemical treatment with K ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mycocaliciomycetidae
The ''Mycocaliciales'' are an order of ascomycetous fungi within the subclass Mycocaliciomycetidae and within the class Eurotiomycetes (subphylum Pezizomycotina Pezizomycotina make up most of the Ascomycota fungi and include most lichenized fungi too. Pezizomycotina contains the filamentous ascomycetes and is a subdivision of the Ascomycota (fungi that form their spores in a sac-like ''ascus''). It is m ...). References Eurotiomycetes Ascomycota orders Taxa described in 2000 Taxa named by Leif Tibell {{Eurotiomycetes-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chaetothyriomycetidae
Chaetothyriomycetidae is a subclass of ascomycete within the class Eurotiomycetes. Many species in Chaetothyriomycetidae are lichens. Morphology Chaetothyriomycetidae produce a cleistothecium An ascocarp, or ascoma (), is the fruiting body ( sporocarp) of an ascomycete phylum fungus. It consists of very tightly interwoven hyphae and millions of embedded asci, each of which typically contains four to eight ascospores. Ascocarps are ... through which they distribute their spores. Gallery File:Exophiala phaeomuriformis.jpg File:Chromoblastomycosis 2.jpg File:Fonsecaea pedrosoi PHIL 2920 lores.jpg File:Fonsecaea pedrosoi.jpg File:Cuerpo Esclerotico.JPG File:Fonsecaea.JPG File:Phialophora verrucosa 002.jpg File:A lichen - Verrucaria mucosa - geograph.org.uk - 1055602.jpg File:Wahlenbergiella mucosa Jymm.jpg File:Verrucaria ochrostoma (Verrucariaceae), Renkum, the Netherlands.jpg File:Verrucaria muralis (Verrucariaceae), Renkum, the Netherlands.jpg File:Verrucaria macrosto ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pyrenulales
The ''Pyrenulales'' are an order of ascomycetous fungi within the class Eurotiomycetes and within the subphylum Pezizomycotina. Taxonomy As of 2022 the order contains one family, 14 genera and around 296 species. *Order Pyrenulales **Family Pyrenulaceae ***'' Anthracothecium'' – 5 species ***'' Blastodesmia'' – 1 species ***''Clypeopyrenis'' – 2 species ***'' Distopyrenis'' – 8 species ***''Granulopyrenis'' – 6 species ***''Lithothelium'' – 28 species ***''Mazaediothecium'' – 4 species ***''Pyrenographa'' – 1 species ***'' Pyrenowilmsia'' – 1 species ***''Pyrenula'' (='' Heufleridium'' ; ='' Stromatothelium'' ) – circa 225 species ***''Pyrgillus'' – 8 species ***''Sulcopyrenula'' – 5 species **Pyrenulales incertae sedis ' () or ''problematica'' is a term used for a taxonomic group where its broader relationships are unknown or undefined. Alternatively, such groups are frequently referred to as "enigmatic taxa". In the system of open no ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Onygenales
The Onygenales are an order of fungi in the class Eurotiomycetes and division Ascomycota. The order's last common ancestor is estimated to have lived 150 million years ago. Onygenales can consume and break down keratin, the main component of the outer layer of skin. They are primarily found on animals, droppings, and areas frequented by animals. Many are dimorphic, and can change from mold to yeast form depending on their environment. Many onygenalean fungi are pathogens. One species, ''Trichophyton rubrum'', is the primary cause of athlete's foot. This order also includes Coccidioides implicated in Valley fever. The Onygenales are important as emerging human pathogens because of the rising rates of immunosuppression due to live-organ transplant, HIV/AIDS, and autoimmune disorders such as lupus erythematosus Lupus erythematosus is a collection of autoimmune diseases in which the human immune system becomes hyperactive and attacks healthy tissues. Symptoms of these disease ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eurotiomycetidae
Eurotiomycetidae is a subclass of the Eurotiomycetes. Subdivisions According to Mycobank, Eurotiomycetidae is currently subdivided as follows: * Orders ** Arachnomycetales ** Ascosphaerales ** Coryneliales ** Elaphomycetales ** Eurotiales ** Onygenales * Families ''incertae sedis'' ** Amorphothecaceae ** Ascosphaeraceae ** Eremascaceae ** Monascaceae * Genera ''incertae sedis ' () or ''problematica'' is a term used for a taxonomic group where its broader relationships are unknown or undefined. Alternatively, such groups are frequently referred to as "enigmatic taxa". In the system of open nomenclature, uncertain ...'' ** '' Azureothecium'' References External links Eurotiomycetes Fungus subclasses Taxa described in 1988 {{eurotiomycetes-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arachnomycetales
''Arachnomyces'' is a genus of cleistothecial ascomycete fungi described in 1902, of which the anamorph (asexual) stage is the genus ''Onychocola''. Although morphologically similar to members of other families, the fungus now belongs to its own monotypic family Arachnomycetaceae, which is the only family in the monotypic order Arachnomycetales. Phylogeny The placement of ''Arachnomyces'' has changed multiple times due to its morphological similarities to members of different families. When first described in 1902, it was included in the old family Perisporiaceae. Later it was considered as part of Onygenaceae, then it was placed within the Gymnoascaceae in 1996. Thanks to phylogenetic analyses ''Arachnomyces'' is currently recognized as a distinct monophyletic lineage, composing its own family Arachnomycetaceae and order Arachnomycetales within the class Eurotiomycetes. Taxonomy There are currently 16 accepted species of ''Arachnomyces''. * '' Arachnomyces bostrychodes'' * '' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Verrucariales
Verrucariales is an order of ascomycetous fungi within the subclass Chaetothyriomycetidae of the class Eurotiomycetes. Although most of the Verrucariales are lichenised, the family Sarcopyreniaceae consists of 11 species of lichenicolous (lichen-dwelling) fungi. Phylogenomic analysis suggests that the divergence between the lichenized Verrucariales and nonlichenized Chaetothyriales occurred about 131 million years ago. Genera of uncertain placement There are some genera in the Verrucariales that have not been placed with certainty into any family. These are: *''Botryolepraria'' – 2 spp. *''Gemmaspora'' – 1 sp. *''Kalbiana'' – 1 sp. *''Merismatium ''Merismatium'' is a genus of lichenicolous ( lichen-dwelling) fungi of uncertain familial placement in the order Verrucariales. The genus was circumscribed in 1898 by Friedrich Wilhelm Zopf. Species , Species Fungorum (in the Catalogue of ...'' – 10 spp. References Ascomycota orders Lichen orders Tax ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pezizomycotina
Pezizomycotina make up most of the Ascomycota fungi and include most lichenized fungi too. Pezizomycotina contains the filamentous ascomycetes and is a subdivision of the Ascomycota (fungi that form their spores in a sac-like ''ascus''). It is more or less synonymous with the older taxon Euascomycota. These fungi reproduce by fission rather than budding and this subdivision includes almost all the ascus fungi that have fruiting bodies visible to the naked eye (exception: genus '' Neolecta'', which belongs to the Taphrinomycotina). See the taxobox for a list of the classes that make up the Pezizomycotina. The old class Loculoascomycetes (consisting of all the bitunicate Ascomycota) has been replaced by the two classes Eurotiomycetes and Dothideomycetes. The rest of the Pezizomycotina also include the previously defined hymenial groups Discomycetes (now Leotiomycetes) and Pyrenomycetes ( Sordariomycetes). Some important groups in Pezizomycotina include: Pezizomycetes (the ope ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |