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CUTL1
Cux1 (CUTL1, CDP, CDP/Cux) is a homeodomain protein that in humans is encoded by the ''CUX1'' gene. Function The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the homeodomain family of DNA binding proteins. It regulates gene expression, morphogenesis, and differentiation and it also plays a role in cell cycle progression, particularly at S-phase. Several alternatively spliced transcript variants of this gene have been described, but the full-length nature of some of these variants has not been determined, and the p200 isoform of Cux1 is processed proteolytically to smaller active isoforms, such as p110. Cux1 DNA binding is stimulated by activation of the PAR2/F2RL1 cell-surface G-protein-coupled receptor in fibroblasts and breast-cancer epithelial cells to regulate Matrix metalloproteinase 10, Interleukin1-alpha, and Cyclo-oxygenase 2 (COX2) genes. Role in tumor growth Genetic data from over 7,600 cancer patients shows that over 1% has the deactivated CUX1 which links to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
SATB1
SATB1 (special AT-rich sequence-binding protein-1) is a protein which in humans is encoded by the ''SATB1'' gene. Function SATB1, the global chromatin organizer and transcription factor, has emerged as a key factor integrating higher-order chromatin architecture with gene regulation. Recent studies have unraveled the role of SATB1 in organization of chromatin 'loopscape' and its dynamic nature in response to physiological stimuli. At genome-wide level, SATB1 seems to play a role in organization of the transcriptionally poised chromatin. SATB1 organizes the MHC class-I locus into distinct chromatin loops by tethering MARs to nuclear matrix at fixed distances. Silencing of SATB1 mimics the effects of IFN-γ treatment on chromatin loop architecture of the MHC class I locus and altered expression of genes within the locus. SATB1 has also been shown to induce breast cancer tumor growth and metastasis through the altered expression of large numbers of genes. Clinical significance H ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Retinoblastoma Protein
The retinoblastoma protein (protein name abbreviated pRb; gene name abbreviated ''Rb'', ''RB'' or ''RB1'') is a proto-oncogenic tumor suppressor protein that is dysfunctional in several major cancers. One function of pRb is to prevent excessive cell growth by inhibiting cell cycle progression until a cell is ready to divide. When the cell is ready to divide, pRb is phosphorylated, inactivating it, and the cell cycle is allowed to progress. It is also a recruiter of several chromatin remodeling enzymes such as methylases and acetylases. pRb belongs to the pocket protein family, whose members have a pocket for the functional binding of other proteins. Should an oncogenic protein, such as those produced by cells infected by high-risk types of human papillomavirus, bind and inactivate pRb, this can lead to cancer. The ''RB'' gene may have been responsible for the evolution of multicellularity in several lineages of life including animals. Name and genetics In humans, the prote ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Protein
Proteins are large biomolecules and macromolecules that comprise one or more long chains of amino acid residues. Proteins perform a vast array of functions within organisms, including catalysing metabolic reactions, DNA replication, responding to stimuli, providing structure to cells and organisms, and transporting molecules from one location to another. Proteins differ from one another primarily in their sequence of amino acids, which is dictated by the nucleotide sequence of their genes, and which usually results in protein folding into a specific 3D structure that determines its activity. A linear chain of amino acid residues is called a polypeptide. A protein contains at least one long polypeptide. Short polypeptides, containing less than 20–30 residues, are rarely considered to be proteins and are commonly called peptides. The individual amino acid residues are bonded together by peptide bonds and adjacent amino acid residues. The sequence of amino acid residue ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
GOLGA5
Golgin subfamily A member 5 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''GOLGA5'' gene. The Golgi apparatus, which participates in glycosylation and transport of proteins and lipids in the secretory pathway, consists of a series of stacked cisternae (flattened membrane sacs). Interactions between the Golgi and microtubules are thought to be important for the reorganization of the Golgi after it fragments during mitosis. This gene encodes a member of the golgin family of proteins, whose members localize to the Golgi. This protein is a coiled-coil membrane protein that has been postulated to play a role in vesicle tethering and docking. Translocations involving this gene and the ret proto-oncogene have been found in tumor tissues; the chimeric sequences have been designated RET-II and PTC5. Interactions GOLGA5 has been shown to Protein-protein interaction, interact with RAB1A. References Further reading * * * * * * * * * * * {{gene-14-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
RAB30
RAB30, member RAS oncogene family is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RAB30 gene In biology, the word gene (from , ; "...Wilhelm Johannsen coined the word gene to describe the Mendelian units of heredity..." meaning ''generation'' or ''birth'' or ''gender'') can have several different meanings. The Mendelian gene is a ba .... References Further reading * External links PDBe-KB provides an overview of all the structure information available in the PDB for Human Ras-related protein Rab-30 {{gene-11-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
EXT2 (gene)
Exostosin glycosyltransferase-2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''EXT2'' gene. This gene encodes one of two glycosyltransferases involved in the chain elongation step of heparan sulfate biosynthesis. Mutations in this gene cause the type II form of Hereditary Multiple Exostoses (HME). Gene location The EXT2 gene is located on chromosome 11 in the human genome, its location is on the p arm of this chromosome. The p arm of a chromosome is the shorter arm of a chromosome. Interactions Included in the EXT family are EXT2, EXT1, EXTL1, EXTL2, and EXTL3. The proteins formed by these genes work together to form and extend heparan sulfate chains. Heparan sulfate chains are proteoglycans present in the extracellular matrix of most tissue types. There is a lot about its function that is not entirely understood, however it is known that they have an important role for bone and cartilage formation. Cartilage is located at the growth plates of long bones and is placed in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
MAGEA10
''MAGEA10'' (MAGE family member A10) is a protein-coding gene in humans clustered at chromosomal location Xq28. Function This gene is a member of the MAGEA gene family. The members of this family encode proteins with 50 to 80% sequence identity to each other. The promoters and first exons of the MAGEA genes show considerable variability, suggesting that the existence of this gene family enables the same function to be expressed under different transcriptional controls. The MAGEA genes are clustered at chromosomal location Xq28. They have been implicated in some hereditary disorders, such as dyskeratosis congenita. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. Read-through transcription also exists between this gene and the downstream melanoma antigen family A, 5 (MAGEA5 Melanoma antigen family A, 5 is a protein in humans that is encoded by the MAGEA5 gene. This gene is a member of the MAGEA gene family. The members of this family encode proteins with ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
BioPlex
BioPlex (biophysical interactions of ORFeome-based complexes) is an open access resource for studying protein-protein interactions. It is the result of collaborations between Harvard Medical School and Biogen. BioPlex 1.0 reported 23,744 interactions among 7,668 proteins. BioPlex 2.0 extended those observations to detect over 29,000 new interactions. The basic technology is to express a "bait" protein in human cells. Those bait proteins interact with other proteins, and then the complexes of the bait and "prey" proteins are isolated by affinity purification. The interacting prey proteins are identified using mass spectrometry. Use in research Determining the interaction partners of poorly characterized proteins can provide clues to the function of those proteins, and knowing which "protein community" a disease gene resides in can give better context for its action. See also * Human proteome project *Interactome *Proteome The proteome is the entire set of proteins that is, or ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
CREB Binding Protein
Cyclic adenosine monophosphate Response Element Binding protein Binding Protein (CREB-binding protein), also known as CREBBP or CBP or KAT3A, is a coactivator encoded by the ''CREBBP'' gene in humans, located on chromosome 16p13.3. CBP has intrinsic acetyltransferase functions; it is able to add acetyl groups to both transcription factors as well as histone lysines, the latter of which has been shown to alter chromatin structure making genes more accessible for transcription. This relatively unique acetyltransferase activity is also seen in another transcription enzyme, EP300 (p300). Together, they are known as the p300-CBP coactivator family and are known to associate with more than 16,000 genes in humans; however, while these proteins share many structural features, emerging evidence suggests that these two co-activators may promote transcription of genes with different biological functions. For example, CBP alone has been implicated in a wide variety of pathophysiologies includ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
SNARE
SNARE proteins – " SNAP REceptor" – are a large protein family consisting of at least 24 members in yeasts, more than 60 members in mammalian cells, and some numbers in plants. The primary role of SNARE proteins is to mediate vesicle fusion – the fusion of vesicles with the target membrane; this notably mediates exocytosis, but can also mediate the fusion of vesicles with membrane-bound compartments (such as a lysosome). The best studied SNAREs are those that mediate the neurotransmitter release of synaptic vesicles in neurons. These neuronal SNAREs are the targets of the neurotoxins responsible for botulism and tetanus produced by certain bacteria. Types SNAREs can be divided into two categories: ''vesicle'' or ''v-SNAREs'', which are incorporated into the membranes of transport vesicles during budding, and ''target'' or ''t-SNAREs'', which are associated with nerve terminal membranes. Evidence suggests that t-SNAREs form stable subcomplexes which serve as guides ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
