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Cux1 (CUTL1, CDP, CDP/Cux) is a homeodomain protein that in humans is encoded by the ''CUX1'' gene.
The CUX1 gene Alternatively Spliced Product was first reported in 1997. The CUX1 gene has up to 33 exons. CASP mRNA includes exons 1 through 14 and 25 through 33. The human CASP protein is predicted to contain 678 amino acids, of which 400 are shared with CUTL1. CASP protein is approximately 80 Kilo-, kDalton (unit), D. It lacks the DNA binding region of CUTL1, but instead contains a trans-membrane domain that allows it to insert into lipid bilayers. It has been localized to the Golgi apparatus.
CASP has been reported to be part of a complex with GOLGA5, Golgin 84 that tethers COPI Vesicle (biology and chemistry), vesicles and is important for retrograde transport in the Golgi and between the Golgi and endoplasmic reticulum. The targeting of vesicles involves tethers and SNAREs.
Cux1 (CUTL1, CDP, CDP/Cux) has been shown to Protein-protein interaction, interact with:
* CREB binding protein,
* Retinoblastoma protein, and
* SATB1
These physical interactions are reported in BioPlex 2.0
*MAGEA10
*EXT2 (gene), EXT2
*RAB30
*HLA-DQA1
*STX6
*WDR83
*SLC39A4
*LAMP1
*POTEB
*SLC39A12
Function
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the homeodomain family of DNA binding proteins. It regulates gene expression, morphogenesis, and differentiation and it also plays a role in cell cycle progression, particularly at S-phase. Several alternatively spliced transcript variants of this gene have been described, but the full-length nature of some of these variants has not been determined, and the p200 isoform of Cux1 is processed proteolytically to smaller active isoforms, such as p110. Cux1 DNA binding is stimulated by activation of the F2RL1, PAR2/F2RL1 cell-surface G-protein-coupled receptor in fibroblasts and breast-cancer epithelial cells to regulate MMP10, Matrix metalloproteinase 10, IL1A, Interleukin1-alpha, and PTGS2, Cyclo-oxygenase 2 (COX2) genes.Role in tumor growth
Genetic data from over 7,600 cancer patients shows that over 1% has the deactivated CUX1 which links to progression of tumor growth. Researchers from the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute reported that the mutation of CUX1 reduces the inhibitory effects of a biological inhibitor, PIK3IP1 (phosphoinositide-3-kinase interacting protein 1), resulted in higher activity of the growth promoting enzyme, phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) which leads to tumor progression. Although CUX1 is mutated at a lower rate compared to other known gene mutations that cause cancer, this deactivated gene is found across many cancer types in this study to be the underlying cause of the disease.CASP
The CUX1 gene Alternatively Spliced Product was first reported in 1997. The CUX1 gene has up to 33 exons. CASP mRNA includes exons 1 through 14 and 25 through 33. The human CASP protein is predicted to contain 678 amino acids, of which 400 are shared with CUTL1. CASP protein is approximately 80 Kilo-, kDalton (unit), D. It lacks the DNA binding region of CUTL1, but instead contains a trans-membrane domain that allows it to insert into lipid bilayers. It has been localized to the Golgi apparatus.
CASP has been reported to be part of a complex with GOLGA5, Golgin 84 that tethers COPI Vesicle (biology and chemistry), vesicles and is important for retrograde transport in the Golgi and between the Golgi and endoplasmic reticulum. The targeting of vesicles involves tethers and SNAREs.
Interactions
Cux1 (CUTL1, CDP, CDP/Cux) has been shown to Protein-protein interaction, interact with:
* CREB binding protein,
* Retinoblastoma protein, and
* SATB1
These physical interactions are reported in BioPlex 2.0
*MAGEA10
*EXT2 (gene), EXT2
*RAB30
*HLA-DQA1
*STX6
*WDR83
*SLC39A4
*LAMP1
*POTEB
*SLC39A12
Notes
References
Further reading
* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *External links
* * {{Transcription factors, g3 Transcription factors