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Arundinoideae
The Arundinoideae are a subfamily of the true grass family Poaceae with around 40 species, including giant reed and common reed. Unlike many other members of the PACMAD clade of grasses, the Arundinoideae all use C3 photosynthesis. Their sister group is the subfamily Micrairoideae. Arundinoideae used to be quite large in older taxonomic systems, with over 700 species, but most of them have been moved to other subfamilies following phylogenetic analyses. Currently, species are placed in 16 genera and two tribes. Tribes and genera ; Arundineae ::*''Amphipogon'' (syn. ''Diplopogon'') ::*''Arundo'' ::*'' Dregeochloa'' ::*'' Monachather'' ;Molinieae :Subtribe Crinipinae ::*''Crinipes'' ::*'' Elytrophorus'' ::*'' Pratochloa'' ::*'' Styppeiochloa'' :Subtribe Moliniinae ::*'' Hakonechloa'' ::*''Molinia'' ::*'' Moliniopsis'' ::*''Phragmites'' :''incertae sedis ' () or ''problematica'' is a term used for a taxonomic group where its broader relationships are unknown or un ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Micrairoideae
Micrairoideae is a subfamily of the grass family Poaceae, distributed in tropical and subtropical regions. Within the PACMAD clade, it is sister to subfamily Arundinoideae. It includes roughly 190 species in nine genera. A phylogenetic classification of the grasses recognises four main lineages, classified as tribes The term tribe is used in many different contexts to refer to a category of human social group. The predominant worldwide usage of the term in English is in the discipline of anthropology. This definition is contested, in part due to confli .... Only species in tribe Eriachneae (genera '' Eriachne'' and '' Pheidochloa'') have evolved the C4 photosynthetic pathway. Phylogeny Relationships of tribes in the Micrairoideae according to a 2017 phylogenetic classification, also showing the Arundinoideae as sister group: References * Poaceae subfamilies {{Poaceae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Poaceae
Poaceae () or Gramineae () is a large and nearly ubiquitous family of monocotyledonous flowering plants commonly known as grasses. It includes the cereal grasses, bamboos and the grasses of natural grassland and species cultivated in lawns and pasture. The latter are commonly referred to collectively as grass. With around 780 genera and around 12,000 species, the Poaceae is the fifth-largest plant family, following the Asteraceae, Orchidaceae, Fabaceae and Rubiaceae. The Poaceae are the most economically important plant family, providing staple foods from domesticated cereal crops such as maize, wheat, rice, barley, and millet as well as feed for meat-producing animals. They provide, through direct human consumption, just over one-half (51%) of all dietary energy; rice provides 20%, wheat supplies 20%, maize (corn) 5.5%, and other grains 6%. Some members of the Poaceae are used as building materials (bamboo, thatch, and straw); others can provide a source of biofuel, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
PACMAD Clade
The PACMAD clade (previously PACCMAD, PACCAD, or PACC) is one of two major lineages (or clades) of the true grasses (Poaceae), regrouping six subfamilies and about 5700 species, more than half of all true grasses. Its sister group is the BOP clade. The PACMAD lineage is the only group within the grasses in which the C4 photosynthesis pathway has evolved; studies have shown that this happened independently multiple times. The name of the clade comes from the first initials of the included subfamilies Panicoideae, Arundinoideae, Chloridoideae, Micrairoideae, Aristidoideae, and Danthonioideae. It has no defined taxonomic rank but is used frequently because it refers to a well-defined monophyletic group A clade (), also known as a monophyletic group or natural group, is a group of organisms that are monophyletic – that is, composed of a common ancestor and all its lineal descendants – on a phylogenetic tree. Rather than the English term, ... with a distinct ecology. Phy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arundo Donax
''Arundo donax'' is a tall perennial cane. It is one of several so-called reed species. It has several common names including giant cane, elephant grass, carrizo, arundo, Spanish cane, Colorado river reed, wild cane, and giant reed. ''Arundo'' and ''donax'' are respectively the old Latin and Greek names for reed. ''Arundo donax'' grows in damp soils, either fresh or moderately saline, and is native to the Greater Middle East.CABI, 2020. Arundo donax (giant reed). In: Invasive Species Compendium. Wallingford, UK: CAB International. https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/1940Global Invasive Species Database (2020) Species profile: Arundo donax. Downloaded from http://www.iucngisd.org/gisd/species.php?sc=112 on 12-01-2020. It has been widely planted and naturalised in the mild temperate, subtropical and tropical regions of both hemispheres, especially in the Mediterranean, California, the western Pacific and the Caribbean and is considered invasive in North America and Oceania.Perdue, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Giant Reed
''Arundo donax'' is a tall perennial cane. It is one of several so-called reed species. It has several common names including giant cane, elephant grass, carrizo, arundo, Spanish cane, Colorado river reed, wild cane, and giant reed. ''Arundo'' and ''donax'' are respectively the old Latin and Greek names for reed. ''Arundo donax'' grows in damp soils, either fresh or moderately saline, and is native to the Greater Middle East.CABI, 2020. Arundo donax (giant reed). In: Invasive Species Compendium. Wallingford, UK: CAB International. https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/1940Global Invasive Species Database (2020) Species profile: Arundo donax. Downloaded from http://www.iucngisd.org/gisd/species.php?sc=112 on 12-01-2020. It has been widely planted and naturalised in the mild temperate, subtropical and tropical regions of both hemispheres, especially in the Mediterranean, California, the western Pacific and the Caribbean and is considered invasive in North America and Oceania.Perdue, R. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Monachather
''Monachather'', common name mulga oats, is a genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial nom ... of Australian plants in the grass family. ;Species The only known species is ''Monachather paradoxus''. Jessop, J. P.; Toelken, H. R. (1986). Flora of South Australia. Part IV, Alismataceae-Orchidaceae. Govt. Print. Division. Adelaide. References External links Grassbase - The World Online Grass Flora Arundinoideae Endemic flora of Australia Monotypic Poaceae genera {{Poaceae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dregeochloa
''Dregeochloa'' is a genus of African plants in the grass family. ''Dregeochloa'' is most remarkable for the species ''D. pumila,'' the only known example of leaf succulence in the entire grass family. ; Species * ''Dregeochloa calviniensis'' Conert - Cape Province * '' Dregeochloa pumila'' (Nees) Conert - Namibia, Cape Province The Province of the Cape of Good Hope ( af, Provinsie Kaap die Goeie Hoop), commonly referred to as the Cape Province ( af, Kaapprovinsie) and colloquially as The Cape ( af, Die Kaap), was a province in the Union of South Africa and subsequen ... References Arundinoideae Grasses of Africa Flora of Southern Africa Grasses of South Africa Poaceae genera {{Poaceae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Diplopogon
''Diplopogon'' is a genus of Australian plants in the grass family. It was first described in 1810 by Robert Brown. it contains only a singles species, ''Diplopogon setaceus'', found in southwestern Australia. It is similar to the genus '' Amphipogon'', the only difference being the awns of the lemma Lemma may refer to: Language and linguistics * Lemma (morphology), the canonical, dictionary or citation form of a word * Lemma (psycholinguistics), a mental abstraction of a word about to be uttered Science and mathematics * Lemma (botany), .... It grows in seasonally wet areas, swamps, and fringing watercourses from Nannup to Albany. It flowers in spring and early summer in a greyish head of multiple spikelets. References Arundinoideae Monotypic Poaceae genera Endemic flora of Australia {{Poaceae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amphipogon
''Amphipogon'', the greybeard grasses, is a genus of Australian plants in the grass family. ; Species ; formerly included see '' Diplopogon Melanocenchris '' * ''Amphipogon humilis - Melanocenchris jacquemontii'' * ''Amphipogon setaceus - Melanocenchris setaceus'' See also * List of Poaceae genera The true grasses (Poaceae) are one of the largest plant families, with around 12,000 species and roughly 800 genera. They contain, among others, the cereal crop species and other plants of economic importance, such as the bamboos, and several imp ... References External links Grassbase - The World Online Grass Flora Arundinoideae Poaceae genera Endemic flora of Australia {{Poaceae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arundineae
Arundineae is a tribe of grasses Poaceae () or Gramineae () is a large and nearly ubiquitous family of monocotyledonous flowering plants commonly known as grasses. It includes the cereal grasses, bamboos and the grasses of natural grassland and species cultivated in lawns ..., containing four genera. It is not to be confused with the bamboo tribe Arundinarieae and the panicoid tribe Arundinelleae. References Arundinoideae Poaceae tribes {{Poaceae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arundo
''Arundo'' is a genus of stout, perennial plants in the grass family. Description ''Arundo'' is native to southern Europe, North Africa, and much of temperate Asia as far east as Japan. They grow to 3–6 m tall, occasionally to 10 m, with leaves 30–60 cm long and 3–6 cm broad. ; Species * '' Arundo collina'' Ten. * ''Arundo donax'' L. – Giant cane, Spanish cane (south and east Mediterranean, to India; naturalised in many additional areas and often invasive) * ''Arundo formosana'' Hack. – Nansei-shoto, Taiwan, Philippines * '' Arundo mediterranea'' Danin – Mediterranean * '' Arundo micrantha'' Lam. – Mediterranean * '' Arundo plinii'' Turra – Pliny's reed – Greece, Italy, Albania, Croatia There are over 200 species once considered part of ''Arundo'' but now regarded as better suited to other genera: ''Achnatherum'', ''Agrostis'', '' Ammophila'', '' Ampelodesmos'', ''Arthrostylidium'', ''Arundinaria'', ''Austroderia'', ''Austrofestuca'', '' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Common Reed
''Phragmites australis'', known as the common reed, is a species of plant. It is a broadly distributed wetland grass that can grow up to tall. Description ''Phragmites australis'' commonly forms extensive stands (known as reed beds), which may be as much as or more in extent. Where conditions are suitable it can also spread at or more per year by horizontal runners, which put down roots at regular intervals. It can grow in damp ground, in standing water up to or so deep, or even as a floating mat. The erect stems grow to tall, with the tallest plants growing in areas with hot summers and fertile growing conditions. The leaves are long and broad. The flowers are produced in late summer in a dense, dark purple panicle, about long. Later the numerous long, narrow, sharp pointed spikelets appear greyer due to the growth of long, silky hairs. These eventually help disperse the minute seeds. Taxonomy Recent studies have characterized morphological distinctions between the int ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
