18 July

Events

Pre-1600

*477 BC – Battle of the Cremera as part of the Roman–Etruscan Wars. Veii ambushes and defeats the Roman army.
*387 BC – Roman-Gaulish Wars: Battle of the Allia: A Roman army is defeated by raiding Gauls, leading to the subsequent sacking of Rome.
* 362 – Roman–Persian Wars: Emperor Julian arrives at Antioch with a Roman expeditionary force (60,000 men) and stays there for nine months to launch a campaign against the Persian Empire.
* 452 – Sack of Aquileia: After an earlier defeat on the Catalaunian Plains, Attila lays siege to the metropolis of Aquileia and eventually destroys it.
* 645 – Chinese forces under general Li Shiji besiege the strategic fortress city of Anshi (Liaoning) during the Goguryeo–Tang War.
*1195 – Battle of Alarcos: Almohad forces defeat the Castilian army of Alfonso VIII and force its retreat to Toledo.
*1290 – King Edward I of England issues the Edict of Expulsion, banishing all Jews (numbering about 16,000) from England; this was Tisha B'Av on the Hebrew calendar, a day that commemorates many Jewish calamities.
*1334 – The bishop of Florence blesses the first foundation stone for the new ''campanile'' (bell tower) of the Florence Cathedral, designed by the artist Giotto di Bondone.
*1389 – France and England agree to the Truce of Leulinghem, inaugurating a 13-year peace, the longest period of sustained peace during the Hundred Years' War.
*1391 – Tokhtamysh–Timur war: Battle of the Kondurcha River: Timur defeats Tokhtamysh of the Golden Horde in present-day southeast Russia.
*1507 – In Brussels, Prince Charles I is crowned Duke of Burgundy and Count of Flanders, a year after inheriting the title.
* 1555 – The College of Arms is reincorporated by Royal charter signed by Queen Mary I of England and King Philip II of Spain.

1601–1900

*1806 – A gunpowder magazine explosion in Birgu, Malta, kills around 200 people.
*1812 – The Treaties of Orebro end both the Anglo-Russian and Anglo-Swedish Wars.
*1841 – Coronation of Emperor Pedro II of Brazil.
*1857 – Louis Faidherbe, French governor of Senegal, arrives to relieve French forces at Kayes, effectively ending El Hajj Umar Tall's war against the French.
*1862 – First ascent of Dent Blanche, one of the highest summits in the Alps.
*1863 – American Civil War: Second Battle of Fort Wagner: One of the first formal African American military units, the 54th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry, supported by several white regiments, attempts an unsuccessful assault on Confederate-held Battery Wagner.
*1870 – The First Vatican Council decrees the dogma of papal infallibility.
*1872 – The Ballot Act 1872 in the United Kingdom introduced the requirement that parliamentary and local government elections be held by secret ballot.

1901–present

*1914 – The U.S. Congress forms the Aviation Section, U.S. Signal Corps, giving official status to aircraft within the U.S. Army for the first time.
*1925 – Adolf Hitler publishes ''Mein Kampf''.
*1936 – On the Spanish mainland, a faction of the army supported by fascists, rises up against the Second Spanish Republic in a coup d'état starting the 3-year-long Civil War, resulting in the longest dictatorship in modern European history.
*1942 – World War II: During the Beisfjord massacre in Norway, 15 Norwegian paramilitary guards help members of the SS to kill 288 political prisoners from Yugoslavia.
* 1942 – The Germans test fly the Messerschmitt Me 262 using its jet engines for the first time.
*1944 – World War II: Hideki Tōjō resigns as Prime Minister of Japan because of numerous setbacks in the war effort.
*1966 – Human spaceflight: Gemini 10 is launched from Cape Kennedy on a 70-hour mission that includes docking with an orbiting Agena target vehicle.
* 1966 – A racially charged incident in a bar sparks the six-day Hough riots in Cleveland, Ohio; 1,700 Ohio National Guard troops intervene to restore order.
*1968 – Intel is founded in Mountain View, California.
*1976 – Nadia Comăneci becomes the first person in Olympic Games history to score a perfect 10 in gymnastics at the 1976 Summer Olympics.
*1982 – Two hundred sixty-eight Guatemalan ''campesinos'' ("peasants" or "country people") are slain in the Plan de Sánchez massacre.
*1981 – A Canadair CL-44 and Sukhoi Su-15 collide in mid-air near Yerevan, Armenia, killing four.
*1984 – McDonald's massacre in San Ysidro, California: In a fast-food restaurant, James Oliver Huberty opens fire, killing 21 people and injuring 19 others before being shot dead by police.
*1992 – A picture of Les Horribles Cernettes was taken, which became the first ever photo posted to the World Wide Web.
*1994 – The bombing of the Asociación Mutual Israelita Argentina (Argentine Jewish Community Center) in Buenos Aires kills 85 people (mostly Jewish) and injures 300.
* 1994 – Rwandan genocide: The Rwandan Patriotic Front takes control of Gisenyi and north western Rwanda, forcing the interim government into Zaire and ending the genocide.
*1995 – On the Caribbean island of Montserrat, the Soufrière Hills volcano erupts. Over the course of several years, it devastates the island, destroying the capital, forcing most of the population to flee.
*1996 – Storms provoke severe flooding on the Saguenay River, beginning one of Quebec's costliest natural disasters ever.
* 1996 – Battle of Mullaitivu: The Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam capture the Sri Lanka Army's base, killing over 1,200 soldiers.
*2002 – A Consolidated PB4Y-2 Privateer crashes near Estes Park, Colorado, killing both crew members.
*2012 – At least seven people are killed and 32 others are injured after a bomb explodes on an Israeli tour bus at Burgas Airport, Bulgaria.
*2013 – The Government of Detroit, with up to $20 billion in debt, files for the largest municipal bankruptcy in U.S. history.
*2014 – The Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant requires Christians to either accept dhimmi status, emigrate from ISIL lands, or be killed.
*2019 – A man sets fire to an anime studio in Fushimi-ku, Kyoto, Japan, killing at least 35 people and injuring dozens of others.

Births

Pre-1600

*1013 – Hermann of Reichenau, German composer, mathematician, and astronomer (b. 1013)
*1501 – Isabella of Austria, queen of Denmark (d. 1526)
*1504 – Heinrich Bullinger, Swiss pastor and reformer (d. 1575)
*1534 – Zacharius Ursinus, German theologian (d. 1583)
*1552 – Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1612)

1601–1900

*1634 – Johannes Camphuys, Dutch politician, Governor-general of the Dutch East Indies (d. 1695)
*1659 – Hyacinthe Rigaud, French painter (d. 1743)
*1670 – Giovanni Bononcini, Italian cellist and composer (d. 1747)
*1702 – Maria Clementina Sobieska, Polish noble (d. 1735)
*1718 – Saverio Bettinelli, Italian poet, playwright, and critic (d. 1808)
*1720 – Gilbert White, English ornithologist and ecologist (d. 1793)
*1724 – Maria Antonia of Bavaria, Electress of Saxony (d. 1780)
*1750 – Frederick Adolf, duke of Östergötland (d. 1803)
*1796 – Immanuel Hermann Fichte, German philosopher and academic (d. 1879)
*1811 – William Makepeace Thackeray, English author and poet (d. 1863)
*1818 – Louis Gerhard De Geer, Swedish lawyer and politician, 1st Prime Minister of Sweden (d. 1896)
*1821 – Pauline Viardot, French soprano and composer (d. 1910)
*1837 – Vasil Levski, Bulgarian priest and activist (d. 1873)
*1842 – William D. Coleman, 13th President of Liberia (d. 1908)
*1843 – Virgil Earp, American marshal (d. 1905)
*1845 – Tristan Corbière, French poet (d. 1875)
*1848 – W. G. Grace, English cricketer and physician (d. 1915)
*1853 – Hendrik Lorentz, Dutch physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1928)
*1861 – Kadambini Ganguly, Indian physician, one of the first Indian women to obtain a degree (d. 1923)
*1864 – Philip Snowden, 1st Viscount Snowden, English politician, Chancellor of the Exchequer (d. 1937)
*1867 – Margaret Brown, American philanthropist and activist (d. 1932)
*1871 – Giacomo Balla, Italian painter (d.1958)
* 1871 – Sada Yacco, Japanese actress and dancer (d. 1946)
*1872 – Julius Fučík, Czech composer and conductor of military bands (d. 1916)
*1881 – Larry McLean, Canadian-American baseball player (d. 1921)
*1884 – Alberto di Jorio, Italian cardinal (d. 1979)
*1886 – Simon Bolivar Buckner Jr., American general (d. 1945)
*1887 – Vidkun Quisling, Norwegian military officer and politician, Minister President of Norway (d. 1945)
*1889 – Kōichi Kido, Japanese politician, 13th Lord Keeper of the Privy Seal of Japan (d. 1977)
*1890 – Frank Forde, Australian educator and politician, 15th Prime Minister of Australia (d. 1983)
*1892 – Arthur Friedenreich, Brazilian footballer (d. 1969)
*1893 – David Ogilvy, 12th Earl of Airlie, Scottish peer, soldier and courtier (d. 1968)
*1895 – Olga Spessivtseva, Russian-American ballerina (d. 1991)
* 1895 – Machine Gun Kelly, American gangster (d. 1954)
*1897 – Ernest Eldridge, English race car driver and engineer (d. 1935)
*1898 – John Stuart, Scottish-English actor (d. 1979)
*1899 – Ernst Scheller, German soldier and politician, 8th Mayor of Marburg (d. 1942)
*1900 – Nathalie Sarraute, French lawyer and author (d. 1999)

1901–present

*1902 – Jessamyn West, American author (d. 1984)
* 1902 – Chill Wills, American actor (d. 1978)
*1906 – S. I. Hayakawa, Canadian-American academic and politician (d. 1992)
* 1906 – Clifford Odets, American director, playwright, and screenwriter (d. 1963)
*1908 – Peace Pilgrim, American mystic and activist (d. 1981)
* 1908 – Lupe Vélez, Mexican-American actress and dancer (d. 1944)
* 1908 – Beatrice Aitchison, American mathematician, statistician, and transportation economist (d. 1997)
*1909 – Bishnu Dey, Indian poet, critic, and academic (d. 1982)
* 1909 – Andrei Gromyko, Belarusian-Russian economist and politician, Soviet Minister of Foreign Affairs (d. 1989)
* 1909 – Mohammed Daoud Khan, Afghan commander and politician, 1st President of Afghanistan (d. 1978)
* 1909 – Harriet Nelson, American singer and actress (d. 1994)
*1910 – Diptendu Pramanick, Indian businessman (d. 1989)
* 1910 – Mamadou Dia, Senegalese politician; 1st Prime Minister of Senegal (d. 2009)
*1911 – Hume Cronyn, Canadian-American actor, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2003)
*1913 – Red Skelton, American actor and comedian (d. 1997)
*1914 – Gino Bartali, Italian cyclist (d. 2000)
* 1914 – Oscar Heisserer, French footballer (d. 2004)
*1915 – Carequinha, Brazilian clown and actor (d. 2006)
* 1915 – Louis Le Bailly, British Royal Navy officer (d. 2010)
*1916 – Charles Kittel, American physicist (d. 2019)
*1917 – Henri Salvador, French singer and guitarist (d. 2008)
* 1917 – Paul Streeten, Austrian-born British economics professor (d. 2019)
*1918 – Nelson Mandela, South African lawyer and politician, 1st President of South Africa, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2013)
*1919 – Lilia Dale, Italian actress
*1920 – Eric Brandon, English race car driver and businessman (d. 1982)
*1921 – Peter Austin, English brewer, founded Ringwood Brewery (d. 2014)
* 1921 – Aaron Beck, American psychiatrist and academic (d. 2021)
* 1921 – John Glenn, American colonel, astronaut, and politician (d. 2016)
* 1921 – Richard Leacock, English-French director and producer (d. 2011)
* 1921 – Heinz Bennent, German actor (d. 2011)
*1922 – Thomas Kuhn, American physicist, historian, and philosopher (d. 1996)
*1923 – Jerome H. Lemelson, American engineer and businessman (d. 1997)
* 1923 – Michael Medwin, English actor (d. 2020)
*1924 – Inge Sørensen, Danish swimmer (d. 2011)
* 1924 – Tullio Altamura, Italian actor
*1925 – Shirley Strickland, Australian runner and hurdler (d. 2004)
* 1925 – Friedrich Zimmermann, German lawyer and politician, German Federal Minister of the Interior (d. 2012)
* 1925 – Raymond Jones, Australian Modernist architect (d. 2022)
* 1925 – Windy McCall, American baseball relief pitcher (d. 2015)
*1926 – Margaret Laurence, Canadian author and academic (d. 1987)
* 1926 – Nita Bieber, American actress (d. 2019)
* 1926 – Bernard Pons, French politician and medical doctor (d. 2022)
* 1926 – Maunu Kurkvaara, Finnish film director and screenwriter
*1927 – Mehdi Hassan, Pakistani ''ghazal'' singer and playback singer (d. 2012)
* 1927 – Kurt Masur, German conductor and educator (d. 2015)
* 1927 – Antonio García-Trevijano, Spanish republican, political activist, and author (d. 2018)
* 1927 – Keith MacDonald, Canadian politician (d. 2021)
* 1927 – Anthony Mirra, American gangster, member of the Bonanno Crime Family (d. 1982)
*1928 – Andrea Gallo, Italian priest and author (d. 2013)
* 1928 – Baddiewinkle, American internet personality
*1929 – Dick Button, American former figure skater and actor
* 1929 – Screamin' Jay Hawkins, American R&B singer-songwriter, musician, and actor (d. 2000)
*1932 – Robert Ellis Miller, American director and screenwriter (d. 2017)
*1933 – Jean Yanne, French actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2003)
* 1933 – Yevgeny Yevtushenko, Russian poet and playwright (d. 2017)
*1934 – Edward Bond, English director, playwright, and screenwriter
* 1934 – Darlene Conley, American actress (d. 2007)
*1935 – Tenley Albright, American former figure skater and physician
* 1935 – Jayendra Saraswathi, Indian guru, 69th Shankaracharya (d. 2018)
*1937 – Roald Hoffmann, Polish chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
* 1937 – Hunter S. Thompson, American journalist and author (d. 2005)
*1938 – John Connelly, English footballer (d. 2012)
* 1938 – Ian Stewart, Scottish keyboard player and manager (d. 1985)
* 1938 – Paul Verhoeven, Dutch director, producer, and screenwriter
*1939 – Brian Auger, English rock and jazz keyboard player
* 1939 – Dion DiMucci, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
* 1939 – Jerry Moore, American football player and coach
*1940 – James Brolin, American actor
*1941 – Frank Farian, German songwriter and producer
* 1941 – Lonnie Mack, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2016)
* 1941 – Martha Reeves, American singer and politician
*1942 – Giacinto Facchetti, Italian footballer (d. 2006)
* 1942 – Adolf Ogi, Swiss politician, 84th President of the Swiss Confederation
*1943 – Joseph J. Ellis, American historian and author
*1944 – David Hemery, English hurdler and author
*1945 – Pat Doherty, Irish Republican politician
*1946 – Kalpana Mohan, Indian actress (d. 2012)
*1947 – Steve Forbes, American publisher and politician
*1948 – Carlos Colón Sr., Puerto Rican-American wrestler and promoter
* 1948 – Jeanne Córdova, American journalist and activist (d. 2016)
* 1948 – Hartmut Michel, German biochemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
*1949 – Dennis Lillee, Australian cricketer and coach
*1950 – Richard Branson, English businessman, founded Virgin Group
* 1950 – Jack Dongarra, American computer scientist and academic
* 1950 – Kostas Eleftherakis, Greek footballer
* 1950 – Glenn Hughes (Village People), Glenn Hughes, American disco singer and actor (d. 2001)
* 1950 – Jack Layton, Canadian political scientist, academic, and politician (d. 2011)
* 1950 – Mark Udall, American educator and politician
*1951 – Elio Di Rupo, Belgian chemist, academic, and politician, 68th Prime Minister of Belgium
* 1951 – Margo Martindale, American actress
*1954 – Ricky Skaggs, American singer-songwriter, mandolin player, and producer
*1955 – Bernd Fasching, Austrian painter and sculptor
*1957 – Nick Faldo, English golfer and sportscaster
* 1957 – Keith Levene, English guitarist, songwriter, and producer (d. 2022)
*1960 – Simon Heffer, English journalist and author
*1961 – Elizabeth McGovern, American actress
* 1961 – Alan Pardew, English footballer and manager
* 1961 – Pasi Rautiainen, Finnish footballer, coach, and manager
*1962 – Shaun Micallef, Australian comedian, producer, and screenwriter
*1963 – Marc Girardelli, Austrian-Luxembourgian skier
* 1963 – Martín Torrijos, Panamanian economist and politician, 35th President of Panama
*1964 – Wendy Williams, American talk show host
*1965 – Vesselina Kasarova, Bulgarian soprano
*1966 – Dan O'Brien, American decathlete and coach
*1967 – Vin Diesel, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
*1968 – Grant Bowler, New Zealand-Australian actor
* 1968 – Scott Gourley, Australian rugby player
*1969 – Elizabeth Gilbert, American author
* 1969 – The Great Sasuke, Japanese wrestler and politician
*1971 – Penny Hardaway, American basketball player and coach
* 1971 – Sukhwinder Singh, Indian singer-songwriter and actor
*1974 – Alan Morrison (poet), Alan Morrison, British poet
*1975 – Torii Hunter, American baseball player
* 1975 – Daron Malakian, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
* 1975 – M.I.A. (rapper), M.I.A., English rapper and producer
*1976 – Elsa Pataky, Spanish actress
* 1976 – Go Soo-hee, South Korean actress
*1977 – Alexander Morozevich, Russian chess player and author
*1978 – Adabel Guerrero, Argentinian actress, singer, and dancer
* 1978 – Shane Horgan, Irish rugby player and sportscaster
* 1978 – Crystal Mangum, American murderer responsible for making false rape allegations in the Duke lacrosse case
* 1978 – Joo Sang-wook, South Korean actor
* 1978 – Ben Sheets, American baseball player and coach
* 1978 – Mélissa Theuriau, French journalist
*1979 – Deion Branch, American football player
* 1979 – Joey Mercury, American wrestler and producer
*1980 – Kristen Bell, American actress
* 1980 – David Blu (born David Bluthenthal), American–Israeli basketball player
*1981 – Dennis Seidenberg, German ice hockey player
*1982 – Ryan Cabrera, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
* 1982 – Priyanka Chopra, Indian actress, singer, and film producer
* 1982 – Carlo Costly, Honduran footballer
* 1983 – Mishaal Al-Saeed, Suadi Arabian footballer
*1983 – Carlos Diogo, Uruguayan footballer
* 1983 – Aaron Gillespie, American singer-songwriter and drummer
* 1983 – Mikk Pahapill, Estonian decathlete
* 1983 – Jan Schlaudraff, German footballer
*1985 – Chace Crawford, American actor
* 1985 – Panagiotis Lagos, Greek footballer
* 1985 – James Norton (actor), James Norton, English actor
*1986 – Natalia Mikhailova, Russian ice dancer
*1987 – Tontowi Ahmad, Indonesian badminton player
*1988 – Änis Ben-Hatira, German-Tunisian footballer
* 1988 – César Villaluz, Mexican footballer
*1989 – Jamie Benn, Canadian ice hockey player
* 1989 – Sebastian Mielitz, German footballer
* 1989 – Yohan Mollo, French footballer
*1993 – Lee Tae-min, South Korean singer and actor
* 1993 – Michael Lichaa, Australian rugby league player
*1994 – Nilo Soares, East Timorese footballer
*1996 – Smriti Mandhana, Indian cricketer
*1996 – Shudufhadzo Musida, Miss South Africa 2020
*1997 – Noah Lyles, American sprinter
*2001 – Agustina Roth, Argentine BMX rider

Deaths

Pre-1600

*AD 707, 707 – Emperor Monmu of Japan (b. 683)
* 715 – Muhammad bin Qasim, Umayyad general (b. 695)
* 912 – Zhu Wen, Chinese emperor (b. 852)
* 924 – Abu'l-Hasan Ali ibn al-Furat, Abbasid vizier (b. 855)
* 928 – Stephen II of Constantinople, Stephen II, patriarch of Constantinople
* 984 – Dietrich I of Metz, Dietrich I, bishop of Roman Catholic Diocese of Metz, Metz
*1100 – Godfrey of Bouillon, Frankish knight (b. 1016)
*1185 – Stefan (archbishop of Uppsala), Stefan, first Archbishop of Uppsala (b. before 1143)
*1194 – Guy of Lusignan, king consort of Jerusalem (b. c. 1150)
*1232 – John de Braose, Marcher Lord of Bramber and Gower
*1270 – Boniface of Savoy (bishop), Boniface of Savoy, Archbishop of Canterbury
*1300 – Gerard Segarelli, Italian religious leader, founded the Apostolic Brethren (b. 1240)
*1450 – Francis I, Duke of Brittany (b. 1414)
*1488 – Alvise Cadamosto, Italian explorer (b. 1432)
*1566 – Bartolomé de las Casas, Spanish bishop and historian (b. c.1484)
*1591 – Jacobus Gallus, Slovenian composer (b. 1550)

1601–1900

*1608 – Joachim Frederick, Elector of Brandenburg (b. 1546)
*1610 – Caravaggio, Italian painter (b. 1571)
*1639 – Bernard of Saxe-Weimar, German general (b. 1604)
*1650 – Robert Levinz, English Royalist, hanged in London by Parliamentary forces as a spy (b. 1615)
*1695 – Johannes Camphuys, Dutch politician, Governor-general of the Dutch East Indies (b. 1634)
*1698 – Johann Heinrich Heidegger, Swiss theologian and author (b. 1633)
*1721 – Jean-Antoine Watteau, French painter (b. 1684)
*1730 – François de Neufville, duc de Villeroy, French general (b. 1644)
*1756 – Pieter Langendijk, Dutch poet and playwright (b. 1683)
*1792 – John Paul Jones, Scottish-American admiral and diplomat (b. 1747)
*1817 – Jane Austen, English novelist (b. 1775)
*1837 – Vincenzo Borg, Maltese merchant and rebel leader (b. 1777)
*1863 – Robert Gould Shaw, American colonel (b. 1837)
*1872 – Benito Juárez, Mexican lawyer and politician, 26th President of Mexico (b. 1806)
*1884 – Ferdinand von Hochstetter, Austrian geologist and academic (b. 1829)
*1890 – Lydia Becker, English journalist, author, and activist, co-founded the ''Women's Suffrage Journal'' (b. 1827)
*1892 – Thomas Cook, English travel agent, founded the Thomas Cook Group (b. 1808)
*1899 – Horatio Alger, American novelist and journalist (b. 1832)

1901–present

*1916 – Benjamin C. Truman, American journalist and author (b. 1835)
*1925 – Louis-Nazaire Bégin, Canadian cardinal (b. 1840)
*1932 – Jean Jules Jusserand, French author and diplomat, List of French ambassadors to the United States, French Ambassador to the United States (b. 1855)
*1937 – Julian Bell, English poet and academic (b. 1908)
*1938 – Marie of Romania (b. 1875)
*1944 – Thomas Sturge Moore, English author, poet, and playwright (b. 1870)
*1947 – Evald Tipner, Estonian footballer and ice hockey player (b. 1906)
*1948 – Herman Gummerus, Finnish historian, academic, and politician (b. 1877)
*1949 – Vítězslav Novák, Czech composer and educator (b. 1870)
* 1949 – Francisco Javier Arana, Guatemalan Army colonel and briefly Guatemalan head of state (b.1905)
*1950 – Carl Clinton Van Doren, American critic and biographer (b. 1885)
*1952 – Paul Saintenoy, Belgian architect and historian (b. 1862)
*1954 – Machine Gun Kelly, American gangster (b. 1895)
*1966 – Bobby Fuller, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1942)
*1968 – Corneille Heymans, Belgian physiologist and academic, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1892)
*1969 – Mary Jo Kopechne, American educator and secretary (b. 1940)
*1973 – Jack Hawkins, English actor (b. 1910)
*1975 – Vaughn Bodē, American illustrator (b. 1941)
*1981 – Sonja Branting-Westerståhl, Swedish lawyer (b. 1890)
*1982 – Roman Jakobson, Russian–American linguist and theorist (b. 1896)
*1984 – Lally Bowers, English actress (b. 1914)
* 1984 – Grigori Kromanov, Estonian director and screenwriter (b. 1926)
*1987 – Gilberto Freyre, Brazilian sociologist, anthropologist, historian, writer, painter, journalist and congressman (b. 1907)
*1988 – Nico, German singer-songwriter, keyboard player, and actress (b. 1938)
* 1988 – Joly Braga Santos, Portuguese composer and conductor (b. 1924)
*1989 – Donnie Moore, American baseball player (b. 1954)
* 1989 – Rebecca Schaeffer, American model and actress (b. 1967)
*1990 – Karl Menninger, American psychiatrist and author (b. 1896)
* 1990 – Yun Posun, South Korean politician, 2nd President of South Korea (b. 1897)
*2001 – Mimi Fariña, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1945)
*2002 – Metin Toker, Turkish journalist and author (b. 1924)
*2004 – André Castelot, Belgian-French historian and author (b. 1911)
* 2004 – Émile Peynaud, French wine maker (b. 1912)
*2005 – Amy Gillett, Australian cyclist and rower (b. 1976)
* 2005 – William Westmoreland, American general (b. 1914)
*2006 – Henry Hewes (critic), Henry Hewes, American theater writer (b. 1917)
*2007 – Jerry Hadley, American tenor (b. 1952)
* 2007 – Kenji Miyamoto (politician), Kenji Miyamoto, Japanese politician (b. 1908)
*2009 – Henry Allingham, English soldier (b. 1896)
* 2009 – Jill Balcon, English actress (b. 1925)
*2012 – Yosef Shalom Eliashiv, Lithuanian-Israeli rabbi and author (b. 1910)
* 2012 – Jean François-Poncet, French politician and diplomat, Ministry of Foreign and European Affairs (France), French Minister of Foreign Affairs (b. 1928)
* 2012 – Dawoud Rajiha, Syrian general and politician, Ministry of Defense (Syria), Syrian Minister of Defense (b. 1947)
* 2012 – Assef Shawkat, Syrian general and politician (b. 1950)
* 2012 – Hasan Turkmani, Syrian general and politician, Ministry of Defense (Syria), Syrian Minister of Defense (b. 1935)
* 2012 – Rajesh Khanna, Indian actor (b. 1942)
*2013 – Vaali (poet), Vaali, Indian poet, songwriter, and actor (b. 1931)
* 2013 – Olivier Ameisen, French-American cardiologist and academic (b. 1953)
*2014 – Andreas Biermann, German footballer (b. 1980)
* 2014 – João Ubaldo Ribeiro, Brazilian journalist, author, and academic (b. 1941)
* 2014 – Dietmar Schönherr, Austrian-Spanish actor, director, and screenwriter (b. 1926)
*2015 – Alex Rocco, American actor (b. 1936)
*2018 – Jonathan Gold, American food critic (b. 1960)
* 2018 – Adrian Cronauer, American radio personality (b. 1938)
*2021 – Tom O'Connor (comedian), Tom O'Connor, English comedian (b. 1939)

Holidays and observances

*Christian Calendar of saints, feast day:
**Arnulf of Metz
**Bruno (bishop of Segni), Bruno of Segni
**Camillus de Lellis (optional memorial, United States only)
**Eadburh of Bicester, Eadburh (or Edburga) of Bicester
**Elizabeth Ferard (Church of England)
**Frederick of Utrecht
**Maternus (bishop of Milan), Maternus of Milan
**Pambo
**Philastrius
**Symphorosa
**Theodosia of Constantinople
**July 18 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
*Constitution Day (Uruguay)
*Nelson Mandela International Day

References

External links

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{{DEFAULTSORT:July 18
Days of the year
July