The

chancellor Chancellor ( la, cancellarius) is a title of various official positions in the governments of many nations. The original chancellors were the of Roman courts of justice—ushers, who sat at the or lattice work screens of a basilica or law cou ...

() was a semi-formally designated office position for a number of high-level officials at one time during the Tang dynasty of China. This list also includes

chancellors Chancellor ( la, cancellarius) is a title of various official positions in the governments of many nations. The original chancellors were the of Roman courts of justice—ushers, who sat at the or lattice work screens of a basilica or law cou ...

of the short-lived

Wu Zhou dynasty Wu may refer to: States and regions on modern China's territory *Wu (state) (; och, *, italic=yes, links=no), a kingdom during the Spring and Autumn Period 771–476 BCE ** Suzhou or Wu (), its eponymous capital ** Wu County (), a former county ...

, which is typically treated as an interregnum of the Tang dynasty by historians.

Origins

Ouyang Xiu Ouyang Xiu (; 1007 – 1072 CE), courtesy name Yongshu, also known by his art names Zuiweng () and Liu Yi Jushi (), was a Chinese historian, calligrapher, epigrapher, essayist, poet, and politician of the Song dynasty. He was a renowned writer a ...

, the author of the ''

New Book of Tang The ''New Book of Tang'', generally translated as the "New History of the Tang" or "New Tang History", is a work of official history covering the Tang dynasty in ten volumes and 225 chapters. The work was compiled by a team of scholars of the So ...

'', asserts that the Tang dynasty inherited its bureaucracy from its dynastic predecessor, the

Sui dynasty The Sui dynasty (, ) was a short-lived imperial dynasty of China that lasted from 581 to 618. The Sui unified the Northern and Southern dynasties, thus ending the long period of division following the fall of the Western Jin dynasty, and layi ...

, under which the founder

Emperor Wen of Sui The Emperor Wen of Sui (; 21 July 541 – 13 August 604), personal name Yang Jian (), Xianbei name Puliuru Jian (), alias Narayana () deriving from Buddhist terms, was the founder and the first emperor of the Chinese Sui dynasty. The ''Book of ...

divided his government into five main bureaus: * ''Shàngshūshěng'' (尚書省) – The Department of State Affairs * ''Ménxiàshěng'' (門下省) – The Chancellery * ''Nèishǐshěng'' (內史省) – The Legislative Bureau (note different tone than the eunuch bureau below) * ''Mìshūshěng'' (秘書省) – The Palace Library * ''Nèishìshěng'' (內侍省) – The Eunuch bureau (note different tone than the legislative bureau above), later changed by Emperor Wen's son

Emperor Yang of Sui Emperor Yang of Sui (隋煬帝, 569 – 11 April 618), personal name Yang Guang (), alternative name Ying (), Xianbei name Amo (), also known as Emperor Ming of Sui () during the brief reign of his grandson Yang Tong, was the second emperor of ...

to ''Diànnèishěng'' (殿內省) Under Emperor Wen, the executive bureau was regarded as the most important, and he had his most honored officials such as Gao Jiong, Yang Su, and Su Wei lead it at various points. Its heads were generally regarded as chancellors (as it always had two heads, known as the ''Shàngshūpúshè'' (尚書僕射)). Ouyang asserts, however, that the heads of the examination and legislative bureaus were also considered chancellors.''

'', vol. 61.

Organization

Early history

The Tang dynasty founder Emperor Gaozu initially followed the Sui's system of governance, including the five-bureau organization. However, he deviated from his predecessors by creating a single head for the executive bureau, known as the ''Shàngshūlǐng'' (尚書令) and appointed the office to his second son and future emperor Lǐ Shìmín (李世民). After Li Shimin became emperor in 626, the office was left vacant because none of his officials dared to occupy it. Thus from the year 626 the executive bureau was headed by its two vice-directors, the ''Shàngshūpúshè''. Around this time, probably by Emperor Taizong's orders, the institution of multiple chancellors was formalized, with the heads of the executive, examination, and legislative (which was renamed the ''Zhōngshūshěng'' (中書省)) bureaus regarded as the chancellors. As there were often, but not always, more than one head for the examination and legislative bureaus, there were not necessarily only four chancellors. Emperor Taizong's reign also began to designate certain high-level officials, even though they were not heads of one of the bureaus, as chancellors, with titles such as ''Cānyù'' Cháozhèng (參豫朝政, literally "participator in the administration's governance"). Yet later in 643, he revised the designation and formalized it as the ''Tóngzhōngshūménxiàsānpǐn'' (同中書門下三品, literally meaning "equivalent to the officials with the third rank from the ''Zhōngshū'' and the ''Ménxià''") — because the heads of the legislative bureau, the ''Zhōngshūlǐng'' (中書令), and the examination bureau, the ''Shìzhōng'' (侍中), were of the third rank. These officials were rendered as "chancellors de facto'" ''Shízhìzǎixiàng'' (實質宰相) by the Chinese historian

Bo Yang Bo Yang (; 7 March 1920 – 29 April 2008), sometimes also erroneously called Bai Yang, was a Chinese historian, novelist, philosopher, poet, and politician based in Taiwan. He is also regarded as a social critic. According to his own memoir, t ...

in his modern Chinese edition of the '' Zizhi Tongjian''.

Name changes

Throughout Tang history, the names of the examination and legislative bureaus were changed multiple times, and so the designation of ''Tóngzhōngshū Ménxià Sānpǐn'' was frequently changed in response thereof. For example, during the reign of Emperor Xuanzong, when the legislative bureau was briefly known as the ''Zǐwéishěng'' (紫微省) and the examination bureau the ''Huángménshěng'' (黃門省), the chancellors de facto were known as the ''Tóng Zǐwéi Huángmén Sānpǐn''.''

'', vol. 62. A lesser designation, with the same powers, was created in 682 during the reign of Emperor Gaozong, and was initially known as the ''Tóng'' ''Zhōngshū Ménxià Píngzhāngshì'' (同中書門下平章事, literally "equivalent to the participators from the ''Zhōngshū'' and the ''Ménxià''"), rendered by Bo as "chancellors de facto second grade." Later in Tang history, after the Anshi Rebellion, while the chancellor-de facto designation was not officially abolished, it was no longer in use, as the last chancellor to be designated as such was Li Lin, in 757–758, and the chancellor-de facto-of-second-grade designation became very common''

'', vol. 63. and was used for the rest of Tang history. Furthermore, after 705,''Zizhi Tongjian'', vol. 208. the heads of the executive bureau were no longer considered chancellors unless they received the chancellor-de facto designation of either kind.''Bo Yang Edition'' of the '' Zizhi Tongjian'', vol. 45. Throughout the early dynasty until the second reign of Emperor Ruizong in 710, variations of the ''Canyu Chaozheng'' also continued appearing, including ''Canzhi Jiwu'' (參知機務, literally "participator in important matters"), ''Canzhang Jimi'' (參掌機密, literally "participator in national secret matters"), ''Canzhi Zhengshi'' (參知政事, literally "participator in governance matters"), ''Canmou Zhengshi'' (參謀政事, similarly in meaning to ''Canzhi Zhengshi'') also appeared, which Bo rendered as "chancellors de facto of the third class."

Function

The chancellors periodically met together at the ''Zhengshi Tang'' (政事堂, literally "the Hall of State Matters"), originally physically located within the examination bureau. In 683, when Pei Yan, then the head of the examination bureau, became the head of the legislative bureau, the ''Zhengshi Tang'' was moved from the examination bureau to the legislative bureau. Later, during Emperor Xuanzong's reign, when Zhang Shuo became chancellor, he changed the name to ''Zhongshu Menxia'' (中書門下), apparently employing a double entendre, as when the terms were put together, they meant, "within the doors of the ''Zhongshu''."''

'', vol. 46. Zhang also reorganized the Hall by creating five offices under the chancellors—in charge of civil service, state secrets, military matters, governance, and criminal law, respectively. Later in the dynasty—starting during the reign of Emperor Suzong — the chancellors begin to rotate off-days so that at least one would always be on duty; when submissions were to be made to the emperor, they were signed in the names of all chancellors, whether on duty or not. The name of their meeting place also changed back to ''Zhengshi Tang''.'' Zizhi Tongjian'', vol. 225.

List of Tang chancellors

''This list also includes the chancellors during the Wu Zhou dynasty of Wu Zetian, even though the propriety of considering it as part of the Tang dynasty is disputed. The list does not include people who served as regional governors who were given the titles as honorific titles. The chancellors under the pretenders Li Yun and Li Yu, Prince of De are listed, but not the chancellors under the pretender

Li Chenghong Li Chenghong (李承宏), commonly known as the Prince of Guangwu (廣武王), was an imperial prince of the Chinese Tang Dynasty who was briefly declared emperor in 763 by invading Tibetan forces after they had captured the Tang capital Chang'an. ...

because, while Li Chenghong was described to have multiple chancellors, only two (Yu Kefeng (于可封) and Huo Huan (霍環)) was named in historical accounts, and Yu and Huo's actual titles were not given in those accounts.''

Heads of the Executive Bureau

The executive bureau had these changes in name: * ''Shangshu Sheng'' (尚書省) (618–662) * ''Zhong Tai'' (中臺) (662–670) * ''Shangshu Sheng'' (670–684) * ''Wenchang Tai'' (文昌臺) (684) * ''Wenchang Dusheng'' (文昌都省) (684–685) * ''Wenchang Dutai'' (文昌都臺) (685–703) * ''Zhong Tai'' (703–705) * ''Shangshu Sheng'' (705–907) Correspondingly, the heads of the executive bureau, considered chancellors from 618 to 705, had these titles during those periods: * ''Shangshu Ling'' (尚書令) (618–626) * ''Shangshu Puye'' (尚書僕射) (618–662) * ''Kuangzheng'' (匡政) (662–670) * ''Shangshu Puye'' (670–684) * ''Wenchang Xiang'' (文昌相) (684–705) * ''Shangshu Puye'' (705–713) * ''Cheng Xiang'' (丞相) (713–742) * ''Shangshu Puye'' (742–907) The men who held the office included (including the ''Shangshu Puye'' during Emperor Gaozu's reign, even though at that time the office was for the deputy heads of the ''Shangshu Sheng''): * Li Shimin (as ''Shangshu Ling'' 618–626) * Pei Ji (618–629) * Xiao Yu (623–626, 627) * Feng Deyi (626–627) * Zhangsun Wuji (627–628) *

Fang Xuanling Fang Qiao (; 579 – 18 August 648), courtesy name Xuanling, better known as Fang Xuanling, posthumously known as Duke Wenzhao of Liang, was a Chinese statesman and writer who served as a chancellor under Emperor Taizong in the early Tang dynas ...

(629–643, 643–648) * Du Ruhui (629) * Li Jing (630–634) * Wen Yanbo (636–637) * Gao Shilian (638–643) * Li Shiji (649–650) * Zhang Xingcheng (651–653) * Yu Zhining (651–659) * Chu Suiliang (653–655) * Liu Rengui (675–681, 683–685) *

Dai Zhide Dai Zhide (戴至德) (died March 16, 679), formally Duke Gong of Dao (道恭公), was an official of the Chinese Tang Dynasty, serving as chancellor during the reign of Emperor Gaozong. Background It is not known when Dai Zhide was born. His u ...

(675–679) * Su Liangsi (686–690) *

Wei Daijia Wei Daijia () (died 689?) was a general and official of the Tang dynasty of China, serving as Chancellor of the Tang dynasty, chancellor during the first reign of the Emperor Ruizong of Tang, Emperor Ruizong. Background It is not known when Wei D ...

(686–689) * Wu Chengsi (690–692) * Cen Changqian (690–691) *

Doulu Qinwang Doulu Qinwang () (630?Doulu's biography in the '' Old Book of Tang'' indicated that he died "more than 79 years old," but his biography in the '' New Book of Tang'' indicated that he died at age 79. Compare ''Old Book of Tang'', vol. 90 with ''N ...

(697–698, 699–700, 705–706Somewhat inconsistent with accounts about ''Shangshu Puye'' not being a chancellor post after 705, Doulu, Tang, and Wei were still referred in the table of chancellors while holding those posts during Emperor Zhongzong's second reign. See ''New Book of Tang'', vol. 61.) * Wang Jishan (699) After 705, the heads of the executive bureau were no longer considered chancellors unless they received the chancellor-de facto designation. * Tang Xiujing (705–706) * Wei Yuanzhong (706–707) * Li Chengqi (710) * Li Kuo (763–764) (as ''Shangshu Ling'') * Guo Ziyi (764) (as ''Shangshu Ling'') * Li Maozhen (901–903) (as ''Shangshu Ling'')

Heads of the Legislative Bureau

The leiglsative bureau had these changes in name:'' Zizhi Tongjian'', vol. 188. * ''Neishi Sheng'' (內史省) (618–620) * ''Zhongshu Sheng'' (中書省) (620–662) * ''Xi Tai'' (西臺) (662–671) * ''Zhongshu Sheng'' (671–684) * ''Feng Ge'' (鳳閣) (684–705) * ''Zhongshu Sheng'' (705–713) * ''Ziwei Sheng'' (紫微省) (713–717) * ''Zhongshu Sheng'' (717–907) Correspondingly, the heads of the legislative bureau had these titles during those periods: * ''Neishi Ling'' (內史令) (618–620) * ''Zhongshu Ling'' (中書令) (620–662) * ''You Xiang'' (右相) (662–671) * ''Zhongshu Ling'' (671–684) * ''Neishi'' (內史) (684–705) * ''Zhongshu Ling'' (705–713) * ''Ziwei Ling'' (紫微令) (713–717) * ''Zhongshu Ling'' (717–742) * ''You Xiang'' (742–757) * ''Zhongshu Ling'' (757–907) The men who held the office included: * Xiao Yu (618–623) * Dou Wei (618) * Feng Deyi (620–626) * Yang Gongren (623–626) * Li Shimin (625–626) *

(626–629) * Yuwen Shiji (626–627) * Li Jing (628–630) * Wen Yanbo (630–636) * Yang Shidao (639–643, 645) * Cen Wenben (644–645) * Ma Zhou (644–648) * Zhangsun Wuji (648–649) * Chu Suiliang (648–650) * Gao Jifu (649–651) * Liu Shi (652–654) *

Lai Ji Lai Ji () (610–662) was Chinese military general and politician during the Tang dynasty, serving as a chancellor during the reign of Emperor Gaozong. He later offended Emperor Gaozong by opposing the ascension of Emperor Gaozong's second wife Emp ...

(655–657) * Cui Dunli (655–656) * Li Yifu (657–658, 663) *

Du Zhenglun Du Zhenglun () (died 658?) was a Chinese politician of the History of China, Chinese dynasties Sui Dynasty and Tang Dynasty, serving as chancellor of Tang Dynasty, chancellor during the reign of Emperor Gaozong of Tang. During Sui Dynasty It is n ...

(657–658) * Xu Jingzong (658–662) * Liu Xiangdao (664) *

Lu Dunxin Lu Dunxin (陸敦信) was an official of the Chinese Tang Dynasty, briefly serving as chancellor during the reign of Emperor Gaozong. Little is known about Lu Dunxin's career before or after his brief stint as chancellor, as, atypical for a chan ...

(665–666) * Liu Rengui (666–670) * Yan Liben (668–673) * Hao Chujun (675–679) * Li Jingxuan (676–680) * Xue Yuanchao (681–683) *

Cui Zhiwen Cui Zhiwen (崔知溫) (627 – April 27, 683), courtesy name Liren (禮仁), was an official of the Chinese Tang Dynasty, serving as a chancellor during the reign of Emperor Gaozong. Background Cui Zhiwen was born in 627, during the reign of ...

(681–683) * Pei Yan (683–684) *

Qian Weidao Qian Weidao (騫味道) (died January 11, 689) was a Chinese politician who served twice briefly a chancellor of the Chinese dynasty Tang Dynasty, during the first reign of Emperor Ruizong. Little is known about Qian Weidao's career before his f ...

(684–685) * Pei Judao (685–687)The table of chancellors in the ''New Book of Tang'', vol. 61, recorded that Pei became ''Neishi'' in 685 and became ''Nayan'' in 686, but then again recorded in 687 that he became ''Nayan''. According to the chronicles of Wu Zetian's reign in the ''Old Book of Tang'', vol. 6,, he became ''Neishi'' in 685 and ''Nayan'' in 687. According to the chronicles of Wu Zetian's reign in the ''New Book of Tang'', vol. 4 , he became ''Neishi'' in 686 and ''Nayan'' in 687. * Cen Changqian (686–690) *

Xing Wenwei Xing Wenwei () (died 690?All sources that referred to Xing Wenwei's death agreed that it was soon after his demotion in 690, implying, but not establishing conclusively, that he died in 690.) was an official of the Chinese dynasty Tang Dynasty, ser ...

(690) *

(693–694) * Li Zhaode (694) * Wang Jishan (697–699) * Wu Sansi (698The table of chancellors in the ''

'' had several entries with regard to chancellor movements during Wu Zetian's reign that were considered errant entries (as they were immediately duplicated within other subsequent entries) by both its commentators and Sima Guang, the lead editor of the '' Zizhi Tongjian'', and accordingly, those entries are not considered here. Further, it gave no date for the end of Lu Yuanfang's second stint as chancellor, but the ''Zizhi Tongjian'' did. See ''New Book of Tang'', vol. 61.–700) * Di Renjie (700) * Li Jiao (704, 706–709) * Yang Zaisi (704–705, 705–709) * Cui Xuanwei (705) * Yuan Shuji (705) * Wei Anshi (705–706, 711) * Wei Yuanzhong (705–706) * Zong Chuke (709–710) * Xiao Zhizhong (709–710, 710, 713) *

Zhong Shaojing Zhong Shaojing (鍾紹京), courtesy name Keda (可大),''Old Book of Tang'', vol. 75, part 1. was an official of the Tang Dynasty and Wu Zetian's Zhou Dynasty, briefly serving as a chancellor of Tang Dynasty, chancellor during the reign of Emperor ...

(710) * Wei Sili (710) * Yao Chong (710–711, 713–716) * Cui Shi (712–713) * Zhang Shuo (713, 723–726) * Zhang Jiazhen (720–723) * Xiao Song (729–733) * Zhang Jiuling (733–736) * Li Linfu (736–752) * Yang Guozhong (752–756) * Cui Yuan (757–758) * Li Fuguo (762) * Li Huaiguang (783–784) * Li Sheng (784–793) *

Hun Jian Hun Jian (; 736 – January 1, 800), né Hun Jin (渾進), formally Prince Zhongwu of Xianning (咸寧忠武王), was a general of the Chinese dynasty Tang Dynasty of Tiele extraction. He was most-well known for his battles to protect Emperor Dez ...

(796–799) * Han Hong (819–822) * Pei Du (839) * Bai Minzhong (860–861) * Wei Zhaodu (888)

Heads of the Examination Bureau

The examination bureau had these changes in name: * ''Menxia Sheng'' (門下省) (618–662) * ''Dong Tai'' (東臺) (662–671) * ''Menxia Sheng'' (671–684) * ''Luan Tai'' (鸞臺) (684–705) * ''Menxia Sheng'' (705–713) * ''Huangmen Sheng'' (黃門省) (713–720) * ''Menxia Sheng'' (720–907) Correspondingly, the heads of the examination bureau had these titles during those periods: * ''Nayan'' (納言) (618–620) * ''Shizhong'' (侍中) (620–662) * ''Zuo Xiang'' (左相) (662–671) * ''Shizhong'' (671–684) * ''Nayan'' (684–705) * ''Shizhong'' (705–713) * ''Huangmen Jian'' (黃門監) (713–720) * ''Shizhong'' (720–742) * ''Zuo Xiang'' (742–757) * ''Shizhong'' (757–907) The men who held the office included: * Liu Wenjing (618) *

Dou Kang Dou Kang (died 621), courtesy name Daosheng, was an official and general during the Sui and Tang dynasties who briefly served as a chancellor early in the reign of Emperor Gaozu of Tang. Family ''Parents'' *Father: Dou Rongding (窦荣定) ...

(618) * Chen Shuda (618–626) * Pei Ju (624–625) * Yuwen Shiji (625–626) * Li Yuanji (625–626) * Gao Shilian (626–627) * Du Ruhui (628–629) * Wang Gui (628–633) * Wei Zheng (632–636) * Yang Shidao (636–639) * Liu Ji (644–645) * Zhangsun Wuji (645–648) * Zhang Xingcheng (650–651) * Gao Jifu (651–654) * Yuwen Jie (652–653) * Cui Dunli (653–655) *

Han Yuan Han Yuan () (606 – 659),Accord to Han Yuan's biographies in '' Old Book of Tang'' and '' New Book of Tang'', he was 54 (by East Asian reckoning) when he died in the 4th year of the Xianqing era of Tang Gaozong's reign (659). By calculation, his bi ...

(655–657) * Xu Jingzong (657–658) * Xin Maojiang (658–659) * Xu Yushi (659–662) *

Dou Dexuan Dou Dexuan (; 598 – September 11, 666), formally Baron Gong of Julu (鉅鹿恭男), was an official of the Chinese Tang dynasty, serving as chancellor during the reign of Emperor Gaozong of Tang. Background Dou Dexuan was born in 598, during ...

(664–666) *

Jiang Ke Jiang Ke (姜恪) (died March 21, 672), formally the Duke of Yong'an (永安公), was an official and general of the Chinese dynasty Tang Dynasty, serving as chancellor for several years during the reign of Emperor Gaozong. Background Despite J ...

(668–672) *

Zhang Wenguan Zhang Wenguan (張文瓘) (606 – September 30, 678), courtesy name Zhigui (稚圭), was an official of the Chinese Tang dynasty, serving as a chancellor during the reign of Emperor Gaozong. He was acclaimed for his fairness while serving as the ...

(675–678) * Hao Chujun (679–681) * Pei Yan (681–683) * Liu Jingxian (683–684) * Wang Dezhen (684–685) * Su Liangsi (685–686) * Wei Siqian (686–687) * Pei Judao (687–690) * Wei Xuantong (687–689) * Zhang Guangfu (689) * Wu Chengsi (689–690) * Wu Youning (690–691, 691–692) *

Shi Wuzi Shi Wuzi (史務滋) (died January 2, 691) was a Chinese politician of the Chinese Tang Dynasty and Wu Zetian's Zhou Dynasty, serving briefly as chancellor during Wu Zetian's reign. It is not known when Shi Wuzi was born, but it is known that he w ...

(690–691) * Zong Qinke (690) * Ouyang Tong (691) *

Yao Shu Yao Shu (姚璹) (632–705), courtesy name Lingzhang (令璋), formally Count Cheng of Wuxing (吳興成伯), was a Chinese politician of the Tang and Wu Zetian's Zhou Dynasty, serving twice as chancellor during Wu Zetian's reign. He is not to b ...

(694–697) * Lou Shide (697–699) * Di Renjie (698–700) * Li Jiao (703–704) * Wei Anshi (704–705, 709–710) * Jing Hui (705) * Huan Yanfan (705) * Wei Yuanzhong (705) * Yang Zaisi (705–707) *

Su Gui Su Gui (蘇瓌 or 蘇瑰) (639 – December 18, 710), courtesy name Changrong (昌容) or Tingshuo (廷碩), formally Duke Wenzhen of Xu (許文貞公), was an official of the Chinese dynasty Tang Dynasty and Wu Zetian's Zhou Dynasty, serving as a ...

(706–707) * Wei Juyuan (707–709) * Ji Chuna (707–710) * Xiao Zhizhong (709) * Li Rizhi (711) * Dou Huaizhen (711) * Liu Youqiu (711–712, 713) * Cen Xi (712–713) * Wei Zhigu (713–714) *

Lu Huaishen Lu Huaishen (盧懷慎; died December 11, 716), formally Count Wencheng of Yuyang (魚陽文成伯), was an official of the Chinese Tang dynasty and Wu Zetian's Zhou (Wu Zhou) dynasty, serving as a chancellor during the reign of Emperor Xuanzong. ...

(714–716) * Song Jing (716–720) * Yuan Qianyao (720–729) *

Pei Guangting Pei Guangting (; 676-March 27, 733), courtesy name Liancheng (連城), formally Baron Zhongxian of Zhengping (正平忠獻男),That Pei's posthumous name was 忠獻 rather than 忠憲 (both pronounced "Zhongxian") was per his biography in the ''Old ...

(730–733) * Pei Yaoqing (734–736) * Niu Xianke (738–742) *

Li Shizhi Li Shizhi (; died 747), né Li Chang (李昌), formally the Duke of Qinghe (清和公), was a Chinese poet and politician during the Tang Dynasty, serving as a chancellor during the reign of Emperor Xuanzong. He was known as one of the Eight Imm ...

(742–746) * Chen Xilie (747–754) * Wei Jiansu (756–757) * Miao Jinqing (757, 757–763) * Wang Jin (764) *

(784–796) * Ma Sui (785–795) * Wang Duo (881–882) * Zhu Mei (886) * Zheng Congdang (886–887) * Wei Zhaodu (887–888) * Xu Yanruo (896–900) * Cui Yin (903–904)

Chancellors de facto

Prior to formalization

* Du Yan (627–628) (as ''Canyu Chaozheng'' (參豫朝政)) * Wei Zheng (629–632 (as ''Canyu Chaozheng''), 636–642 (as ''Canyi Deshi'' (參議得失))) * Xiao Yu (630 (as ''Canyi Chaozheng'' (參議朝政)), 635–636 (as ''Canyu Chaozheng'')) * Dai Zhou (630–633) (as ''Canyu Chaozheng) * Hou Junji (630–632, 632–643) (as ''Canyu Chaozheng'') * Li Jing (634) (as ''Pingzhang Zhengshi'' (平章政事)) * Liu Ji (639–644) (as ''Canzhi Zhengshi'' (參知政事)) * Cen Wenben (642–644) (as ''Zhuandian Jimi'' (專典機密))

Chancellors de facto of the first grade

The office was created in 643. The titles, as modified from time to time to reflect the names in changes of the legislative and examination bureaus, included: * ''Tong Zhongshu Menxia Sanpin'' (同中書門下三品) (643–662) * ''Tong Dong Xi Tai Sanpin'' (同東西臺三品) (662–672) * ''Tong Zhongshu Menxia Sanpin'' (672–684) * ''Tong Fengge Luantai Sanpin'' (同鳳閣鸞臺三品) (684–705) * ''Tong Zhongshu Menxia Sanpin'' (705–713) * ''Tong Ziwei Huangmen Sanpin'' (同紫微黃門三品) (713–720) * ''Tong Zhongshu Menxia Sanpin'' (720–738) * Xiao Yu (643–646) * Li Shiji (643–649, 650–670) * Gao Shilian (643–647) * Zhangsun Wuji (649–659) * Yuwen Jie (651–652) * Liu Shi (651–652) * Gao Jifu (651–653) * Yu Zhining (651–659) * Chu Suiliang (652–655) *

(652–655) *

(656–657) * Cui Dunli (656) * Xu Yushi (659) *

Ren Yaxiang Ren or REN may refer to: Abbreviations * Orenburg Tsentralny Airport, IATA code REN, civil airport in Russia * Redes Energéticas Nacionais (REN), Portuguese company * Renanthera, abbreviated as Ren, orchid genus * Ringer equivalence number (R ...

(659–662) * Li Yifu (659–662, 662–663) *

Lu Chengqing Lu Chengqing (盧承慶) (595–670), courtesy name Ziyu (子餘), formally Duke Ding of Fanyang (范陽定公), was a Chinese politician during the Tang dynasty, serving as chancellor during the reign of Emperor Gaozong. Background Lu Chengqin ...

(659–660) * Xu Jingzong (662–670) * Shangguan Yi (662–665) * Le Yanwei (665) *

Sun Chuyue Sun Chuyue (Chinese: 孫處約) (died 664?), alternative name Sun Maodao (孫茂道) and/or Sun Daomao (孫道茂), was an official of the Chinese Tang dynasty, serving briefly as chancellor during the reign of Emperor Gaozong of Tang. During Empe ...

(665) *

(665–668) *

Yang Hongwu Yang Hongwu (楊弘武) (died June 12, 668) was an official of the Chinese Tang dynasty, serving as a chancellor during the reign of Emperor Gaozong. Background It is not known when Yang Hongwu was born—other than that it must have been before ...

(667–668) *

(667–675) *

Li Anqi Li Anqi (李安期) was an official of the Chinese Tang Dynasty who briefly served as chancellor during the reign of Emperor Gaozong. Background It is not known when Li Anqi was born. He came from a line of famed officials, as his grandfather L ...

(667) *

Zhao Renben Zhao Renben (趙仁本) was an official of the Chinese Tang dynasty, serving as chancellor during the reign of Emperor Gaozong. Background Zhao Renben was from Shan Prefecture (陝州, roughly modern Sanmenxia, Henan) – but from Hebei County ...

(667–670) *

(669–678) * Li Jingxuan (669–670, 670–676) * Hao Chujun (669–679) * Liu Rengui (672–675, 681–683) *

Lai Heng Lai Heng () (died November 18, 678) was an official of the Tang dynasty of China, serving as chancellor during the reign of the Emperor Gaozong. Background Lai Heng's family was from Jiangdu (江都, in modern Yangzhou, Jiangsu). His father Lai ...

(676–678) * Xue Yuanchao (676–681) * Li Yiyan (676–683) * Gao Zhizhou (676–679) * Zhang Da'an (677–680) * Wang Dezhen (680) * Pei Yan (680–681) *

(680–681) * Cen Changqian (683–686, 690–691) * Guo Daiju (683–684) * Wei Xuantong (683–687) *

Wei Hongmin Wei Hongmin (韋弘敏) was briefly a 7th-century chancellor of the Chinese Tang Dynasty, during the first reigns of Emperor Zhongzong and Emperor Ruizong (both of whom reigned twice). Very little is known about Wei Hongmin's life or career, as ...

(684) * Liu Yizhi (684–687) * Wu Chengsi (684, 685, 690–692, 697) *

(684–685) * Wei Siqian (685–686) * Pei Judao (685) * Wei Fangzhi (685–690) *

(685–686) * Su Liangsi (686–690) * Wang Benli (689–690) * Wang Xiaojie (694–696) * Wu Sansi (697, 705) *

(697–698, 699–700) * Wu Youning (698–699) * Wei Yuanzhong (701–703, 705) * Su Weidao (702–704) * Li Jiongxiu (702–704) * Wei Anshi (702–704) * Wei Sili (704, 709–710) * Li Jiao (704, 706–707, 709–710) * Yao Chong (704–705, 710, 713) * Li Dan (705) * Zhang Jianzhi (705) * Yuan Shuji (705) * Yang Zaisi (705, 709) *

Zhu Qinming Zhu Qinming (祝欽明), courtesy name Wensi (文思), was an official of the Chinese Tang Dynasty and Wu Zetian's Zhou Dynasty, serving as a chancellor under Emperor Zhongzong. He was a renowned Confucian scholar but was later disgraced after Em ...

(705–706) * Wei Anshi (705, 711) *

Li Huaiyuan Li Huaiyuan () (died 706), courtesy name Guangde (), formally Duke Cheng of Zhao Commandery (), was an official of the Chinese Tang Dynasty and Wu Zetian's Zhou Dynasty, serving twice as chancellor during the reigns of Wu Zetian and her son Emperor ...

(705–706, 706) * Tang Xiujing (705, 709–710) * Wei Juyuan (705, 706–707, 709–710) * Zong Chuke (707–709) * Ji Chuna (707) * Xiao Zhizhong (707–709) * Zhang Renyuan (708–710) * Wei Wen (709–710) *

(709–710) * Zhang Xi (710) * Pei Tan (710) * Li Longji (710) * Song Jing (710–711) * Wei Zhigu (711–712) * Cui Shi (711–712, 712–713) * Lu Xiangxian (712–713) * Dou Huaizhen (712, 712–713) * Cen Xi (712) * Liu Youqiu (712, 713) * Guo Yuanzhen (713) * Xue Na (714) * Zhang Shuo (721–723) * Wang Jun (723) * Li Linfu (734–736) * Niu Xianke (736–738) * Li Lin (757–758)

Chancellors de facto of the second grade

The office was created in 682. The titles, as modified from time to time to reflect the names in changes of the legislative and examination bureaus, included: * ''Tong Zhongshu Menxia Pingzhangshi'' (同中書門下平章事) (682–684) * ''Tong Fengge Luantai Pingzhangshi'' (同鳳閣鸞臺平章事) (684–705) * ''Tong Zhongshu Menxia Pingzhangshi'' (705–713) * ''Tong Ziwei Huangmen Pingzhangshi'' (同紫微黃門平章事) (713–720) * ''Tong Zhongshu Menxia Pingzhangshi'' (720–907) It was often referred to in brief as ''Tong Pingzhangshi'' (同平章事). * Guo Daiju (682–683) * Cen Changqian (682–683) * Guo Zhengyi (682–683) * Wei Xuantong (682–683) * Liu Jingxian (682–683) *

Li Jingchen Li Jingchen (李景諶) was briefly a chancellor of the Chinese Tang Dynasty, during the first reign of Emperor Ruizong. Little is known about Li Jingchen's career before or after his brief stint as chancellor, as, atypical for a chancellor, he di ...

(684) * Shen Junliang (684–685) * Cui Cha (684–685) * Wei Fangzhi (684–685) * Zhang Guangfu (687–689) *

(688) * Wang Benli (688–689) *

Fan Lübing Fàn Lübing (范履冰, died March 26, 690) was a Chinese politician during the Tang dynasty, serving as chancellor during the first reign of Emperor Ruizong. He was a member of the elite Fàn family. During Emperor Gaozong's reign It is not k ...

(689–690) *

Fu Youyi Fu Youyi (傅遊藝) (died August 24, 691), known as Wu Youyi (武遊藝) during the reign of Wu Zetian, was an official of the Chinese dynasty Tang Dynasty and Wu Zetian's Zhou Dynasty, serving as a chancellor briefly after she took the throne in 6 ...

(690–691) * Le Sihui (691) * Ren Zhigu (691–692) * Ge Fuyuan (691) *

Pei Xingben Pei Xingben (裴行本) was a Chinese politician of Wu Zetian's Zhou Dynasty, serving briefly as chancellor. Despite Pei's high status, little is firmly established about his background or career except for the time that he served as chancellor— ...

(691–692) * Di Renjie (691–692, 697–698) * Yang Zhirou (692) *

Li Youdao Li Youdao (李游道) was an official of Wu Zetian's Zhou Dynasty, briefly serving as chancellor. Despite Li's high status, little is firmly established about his career except for the time that he served as chancellor—as, unusual for a chancello ...

(692) * Yuan Zhihong (692) * Cui Shenji (692) *

Cui Yuanzong Cui Yuanzong (崔元綜) was an official of the Chinese Tang dynasty and Wu Zetian's Zhou dynasty, serving as a chancellor during Wu Zetian's reign. Background It is not known when Cui Yuanzong was born, but it is known that his family was from Z ...

(692–694) * Li Zhaode (692–694) *

(692) * Li Yuansu (692, 694–696) * Wang Xuan (692) * Lou Shide (693–696, 697) * Wei Juyuan (693–694) * Lu Yuanfang (693–694, 699–700) * Su Weidao (694–694, 698–704) *

Wei Shifang Wei Shifang (韋什方) (died 695), also known as Wu Shifang (武什方), was briefly a chancellor during Wu Zetian's Zhou Dynasty. Rise to top Wei Shifang had a highly unusual rise to his position. As of 694, Wu Zetian was said to be attracted ...

(694) * Yang Zaisi (694–699) *

Du Jingjian Du Jingjian ()The name of "Jingjian" is per the '' Old Book of Tang'' and the ''Zizhi Tongjian''. The '' New Book of Tang'' gave his name as Du Jingquan (杜景佺) and also asserted that he was originally named Du Yuanfang (杜元方). was an off ...

(694, 697–698) * Zhou Yunyuan (694–695) *

Sun Yuanheng Sun Yuanheng (孫元亨) (died October 26, 696) was an official of Wu Zetian's Zhou Dynasty, serving briefly as chancellor. Despite Sun's high status, little is firmly established about his career except for the time that he served as chancellor— ...

(696–696) * Wang Fangqing (696–698) *

Li Daoguang Li Daoguang (李道廣), courtesy name Taiqiu (太丘),''New Book of Tang'', vol. 72. formally Marquess Cheng of Jincheng (金城成侯), was an official of Wu Zetian's Zhou dynasty, serving as chancellor for about two years. Background It is not ...

(696–698) * Zong Chuke (697–698, 704) *

(697–698, 705–709) * Yao Chong (698–704) * Li Jiao (698–700, 703) * Ji Xu (699–700) * Wei Yuanzhong (699–701) * Wang Jishan (699) * Zhang Xi (700–701) * Wei Anshi (700–704) *

(701) *

Gu Cong Gu Cong (顧琮) (died November 4, 702) was an official of Wu Zetian's Zhou Dynasty of China, briefly serving as chancellor. Despite Gu's high status, little is firmly established about his career except for the time that he served as chancellor� ...

(701–702) * Li Jiongxiu (701–702) * Zhu Jingze (703–704) * Tang Xiujing (703–705) * Cui Xuanwei (704–705) * Zhang Jianzhi (704–705) *

Fang Rong Fang Rong (房融) per the biography of his son Fang Guan. See '' New Book of Tang'', vol. 139.) was an official of Wu Zetian's Zhou Dynasty, briefly serving as chancellor. Despite Fang's high status, little is firmly established about his career ...

(704–705) *

Wei Chengqing Wei Chengqing (韋承慶; 640?–706?Wei Chengqing's biographies in the ''Old Book of Tang'' and ''New Book of Tang'' imply, but do not state for certain, that he died in 706 and did not give a birth date or death age for him. See ''Old Book of ...

(704–705) * Yuan Shuji (705) *

Yu Weiqian Yu Weiqian (于惟謙) was an official of the Chinese Tang Dynasty, briefly serving as chancellor during the reign of Emperor Zhongzong. Despite Yu's high status, little is firmly established about his career except for the time that he served as ...

(706–707) * Cui Shi (709, 710) * Zhao Yanzhao (709–710) * Zheng Yin (709) * Cen Xi (710) *

Zhang Jiafu Zhang Jiafu (張嘉福) (died July 25, 710) was a Chinese politician of the Tang Dynasty and Wu Zetian's Zhou Dynasty, briefly serving as chancellor during the reign of Emperor Shang. Despite Zhang's high status, little is firmly established about ...

(710) * Guo Yuanzhen (711) * Zhang Shuo (711) * Dou Huaizhen (711) * Lu Xiangxian (711–712) *

(713–715) * Yuan Qianyao (716, 720) *

Su Ting Su Ting (蘇頲; 680 – July 31, 737), courtesy name Tingshuo (廷碩),According to the biographies of Su Ting's father Su Gui in the ''Old Book of Tang'' and the ''New Book of Tang'', Su Gui's courtesy name was Changrong (昌容), but according to ...

(716–720) * Zhang Jiazhen (720) * Li Yuanhong (726–729) * Du Xian (726–729) * Xiao Song (728–729) *

(729–730) * Yuwen Rong (729) * Zhang Jiuling (733) *

Han Xiu Han Xiu () (672–739), courtesy name Liangshi (良士),'' New Book of Tang'', vol. 73. formally Viscount Wenzhong of Yiyang (宜陽文忠子), was a Chinese politician during the Tang Dynasty, briefly serving as chancellor during the reign of Emp ...

(733) * Chen Xilie (746–747) * Wei Jiansu (754–757) * Cui Yuan (756–757) * Fang Guan (756–757) * Pei Mian (756–757, 769) * Cui Huan (756–757) * Li Lin (756–757) * Zhang Gao (757–758) * Miao Jinqing (757) * Wang Yu (758–759) * Lü Yin (759, 759–760) * Li Xian (759, 763–764) * Li Kui (759–761) * Diwu Qi (759) * Xiao Hua (761–762) * Pei Zunqing (761–763) * Yuan Zai (762–777) * Liu Yan (763–764) * Wang Jin (764–777) *

Du Hongjian Du Hongjian () (709 – December 13, 769), courtesy name Zhisun (), formally Duke Wenxian of Wei (), was a Chinese Buddhist monk and politician during the Tang dynasty who served as a chancellor during the reign of Emperor Daizong. He was known, ...

(764–769) * Yang Wan (777) * Chang Gun (777–779) * Li Zhongchen (779–784) * Cui Youfu (779–780) *

Qiao Lin Qiao Lin (喬琳) (died July 28, 784) was an official of the Chinese Tang Dynasty, serving as a chancellor briefly early in the reign of Emperor Dezong. He later served the rebel ruler Zhu Ci, and after Tang forces destroyed Zhu's regime, was exe ...

(779) * Yang Yan (779–781) * Lu Qi (781–783) * Zhang Yi (781–782) *

Guan Bo Guan Bo (關播) (719 – February 4, 797), courtesy name Wuyuan (務元), was an official of the Chinese Tang Dynasty, serving as a chancellor during the reign of Emperor Dezong. Background Guan Bo was born in 719, during the reign of Emper ...

(782–784) * Xiao Fu (783–784) *

Liu Congyi Liu Congyi (劉從一) (742 – November 4, 785) was a Chinese historian and politician during Tang Dynasty, serving as a chancellor during the reign of Emperor Dezong. Background Liu Congyi was born in 742, during the reign of Emperor Xuanzon ...

(783–785) * Jiang Gongfu (783–784) * Lu Han (784–786) * Li Mian (784–786) * Zhang Yanshang (785, 787) * Liu Zi (786–787) * Cui Zao (786) * Qi Ying (786–787) * Han Huang (786–787) * Liu Hun (787) * Li Mi (787–789) * Dou Can (789–792) * Dong Jin (789–793) * Zhao Jing (792–796) * Lu Zhi (792–794) * Jia Dan (793–805) *

Lu Mai Lu Mai (盧邁) (739 – August 11, 798), courtesy name Zixuan (子玄), was an official of the History of China, Chinese Tang Dynasty, serving as a chancellor of Tang Dynasty, chancellor during the reign of Emperor Dezong of Tang, Emperor Dezong. ...

(793–797) *

Cui Sun Cui Sun (崔損) (died November 27, 803), courtesy name Zhiwu (至無), was an official of the Chinese Tang Dynasty, serving as a chancellor during the reign of Emperor Dezong. Background It is not known when Cui Sun was born. His family was fr ...

(796–803) *

Zhao Zongru Zhao Zongru (趙宗儒; 746 – October 18, 832), courtesy name Bingwen (秉文), was an official of the Chinese Tang dynasty who served as a chancellor during the reign of Emperor Dezong—and then served under five more descendants of Emperor Dez ...

(796–798) *

Zheng Yuqing Zheng Yuqing (鄭餘慶) (746 – January 2, 821), courtesy name Juye (居業), formally Duke Zhen of Yingyang (滎陽貞公), was a Chinese politician, serving as a chancellor during the reigns of Emperor Dezong and Emperor Dezong's grandson Emper ...

(798–800, 805–806) * Qi Kang (800–803) * Du You (803–812) *

Gao Ying Gao Ying (高郢) (740Both Gao Ying's biographies in the '' Old Book of Tang'' and the '' New Book of Tang'' indicated that he was 71 years old at his death in 811, which would indicate that he was born in 740. However, the ''Old Book of Tang'' als ...

(803–805) * Zheng Xunyu (803–805) *

Wei Zhiyi Wei Zhiyi (韋執誼) was a Chinese historian and politician during the Tang dynasty, serving briefly as chancellor of the Tang dynasty, chancellor in 805, during the brief reign of Emperor Shunzong of Tang, Emperor Shunzong and then briefly into ...

(805) * Du Huangchang (805–807) * Yuan Zi (805) * Zheng Yin (805–809) * Wu Yuanheng (807, 813–815) * Li Jifu (807–808, 811–814) * Yu Di (808–813) * Pei Ji (808–810) * Li Fan (809–811) *

Quan Deyu Quan Deyu (; 759 – September 30, 818), courtesy name Zaizhi (), formally Duke Wen of Fufeng (), was an official of the Chinese Tang Dynasty, serving as a chancellor during the reign of Emperor Xianzong. Biography Ancestry, birth and early l ...

(810–813) * Li Jiang (811–814) * Zhang Hongjing (814–816) * Wei Guanzhi (814–816) * Pei Du (815–819, 822, 826–830) * Li Fengji (816–817, 822–826) * Wang Ya (816–818, 833–835) * Cui Qun (817–819) * Li Yong (817–818) *

Li Yijian Li Yijian () (756 – October 13, 822'' Old Book of Tang'', vol. 16.), courtesy name Yizhi (), was an official of the Chinese dynasty Tang Dynasty, serving as a chancellor during the reign of Emperor Xianzong. Background Li Yijian was born in 7 ...

(818) *

Huangfu Bo Huangfu Bo (皇甫鎛) (died 820) was a Chinese economist and politician. He served as an official of the Chinese Tang Dynasty, serving as a chancellor during the reign of Emperor Xianzong. He was viewed by traditional historians as a wicked offici ...

(818–820) * Cheng Yi (818–819) * Linghu Chu (819–820) * Xiao Mian (820–821) * Duan Wenchang (820–821) * Cui Zhi (820–822) * Du Yuanying (821–823) * Wang Bo (821–822, 827–830) * Yuan Zhen (822) * Niu Sengru (823–825, 830–832) * Li Cheng (824–826) *

Dou Yizhi Dou Yizhi () (died April 29, 833 Academia Sinicabr>Chinese-Western Calendar Converter.), courtesy name Zongxuan (), formally Duke Gonghui of Jinyang (), was an official of the Chinese dynasty Tang Dynasty, serving as a chancellor during the reigns ...

(824–828) * Wei Chuhou (826–828) * Lu Sui (828–835) * Li Zongmin (829–833, 834–835) * Song Shenxi (830–831) * Li Deyu (833–834, 840–846) * Jia Su (835) * Li Guyan (835, 836–837) *

Shu Yuanyu Shu Yuanyu (; died December 17, 835Academia Sinicabr>Chinese-Western Calendar Converter.''Zizhi Tongjian'', vol. 245.) was an official of the Chinese Tang Dynasty, serving briefly as a chancellor during the reign of Emperor Wenzong. During Empe ...

(835) * Li Xun (835) * Zheng Tan (835–839) * Li Shi (835–838) * Chen Yixing (837–839, 841–842) * Yang Sifu (838–840) * Li Jue (838–840) * Cui Dan (839–841) * Cui Gong (840–843) * Li Shen (842–844) *

Li Rangyi Li Rangyi (; died 847?), courtesy name Daxin (), was an official of the Chinese Tang dynasty, serving as a chancellor during the reigns of Emperor Wuzong and (briefly) Emperor Wuzong's uncle Emperor Xuānzong. Background and early career It is n ...

(842–846) * Cui Xuan (843–845, 849–855) * Du Cong (844–845, 861–863) * Li Hui (Tang dynasty) (845–846) *

Zheng Su Zheng Su (), courtesy name Aijing (), was an official of the History of China, Chinese Tang Dynasty, serving as a chancellor of Tang Dynasty, chancellor during the reigns of Emperor Wuzong of Tang, Emperor Wuzong and Emperor Xuānzong of Tang, Emper ...

(845–846) * Bai Minzhong (846–851) * Lu Shang (846–847) * Cui Yuanshi (847–848) *

Wei Cong Wei Cong (韋琮), courtesy name Liyu (禮玉), was an official of the History of China, Chinese Tang Dynasty, serving briefly as a chancellor of Tang Dynasty, chancellor during the reign of Emperor Xuānzong of Tang, Emperor Xuānzong (reigned 846 ...

(847–848) * Ma Zhi (848–849) * Zhou Chi (848–849) *

Wei Fu Wei Fu (; died July 14, 850''Zizhi Tongjian'', vol. 249.), courtesy name Xiangzhi (相之), was an official of the Chinese Tang dynasty, serving as a chancellor during the reign of Emperor Xuānzong. Very little is known about Wei's background ...

(849–850) *

Cui Guicong Cui Guicong (崔龜從), courtesy name Xuangao (玄告), was an official of the Chinese dynasty Tang Dynasty, serving as a chancellor during the reign of Emperor Xuānzong. Background and early career It is not known when Cui Guicong was born. ...

(850–851) * Linghu Tao (850–859) *

Wei Mo Wei Mo (魏謩''Old Book of Tang'', vol. 176. or 魏謨''New Book of Tang'', vol. 97.) (793–858), courtesy name Shenzhi (申之), was an official of the Chinese Tang Dynasty, serving as a chancellor during the reign of Emperor Xuānzong. Back ...

(851–857) * Pei Xiu (852–856) *

Zheng Lang Zheng Lang () (died 857), courtesy name Yourong (), was a Chinese historian and politician during the Tang Dynasty, serving as a chancellor during the reign of Emperor Xuānzong. Background and early career It is not known when Zheng Lang was bo ...

(856–857) * Cui Shenyou (856–858) * Xiao Ye (857–859) * Liu Zhuan (858) *

Xiahou Zi Xiahou Zi (), courtesy name Haoxue (好學), formally the Duke of Qiao Commandery (譙郡公), was an official of the Chinese Tang dynasty, serving two terms as a chancellor of Tang Dynasty, chancellor during the reigns of Emperor Xuānzong of Tan ...

(858–860, 862–864) * Jiang Shen (858–862) *

Du Shenquan Du Shenquan (杜審權), courtesy name Yinheng (殷衡), formally Duke De of Xiangyang (襄陽德公), was an official of the Chinese dynasty Tang Dynasty, serving as a chancellor during the reign of Emperor Yizong. (833-873) Background It is n ...

(859–863) *

Bi Xian Bi Xian (; 802 – February 4, 864 Academia Sinicabr>Chinese-Western Calendar Converter.'' Old Book of Tang'', vol. 177.), courtesy name Cunzhi (), was an official of the Chinese dynasty Tang Dynasty, serving as a chancellor during the reign of ...

(860–863) * Yang Shou (863–866) *

Cao Que Cao Que (曹確), courtesy name Gangzhong (剛中), was an official of the Chinese Tang Dynasty, serving as a chancellor during the reign of Emperor Yizong. Background It is not known when Cao Que was born. His family was from the Tang Dynasty ...

(863–870) * Xiao Zhi (864–865) * Lu Yan (864–871) *

Gao Qu Gao Qu (高璩) (died 865), courtesy name Yingzhi (瑩之), was an official of the Chinese Tang Dynasty, serving briefly (less than one year) during the reign of Emperor Yizong. Background Gao Qu's family was descended from the imperial house of ...

(865) *

Xu Shang Xu Shang (徐商), courtesy name Yisheng (義聲) or Qiuqing (秋卿), formally Viscount of Dongguan (東莞子), was an official of the Chinese Tang Dynasty, serving as a chancellor during the reign of Emperor Yizong of Tang. Background It is no ...

(865–869) *

Yu Cong Yu Cong (于琮) (died 881), courtesy name Liyong (禮用), was an official of the Chinese dynasty Tang Dynasty, serving as a chancellor during the reign of his brother-in-law Emperor Yizong. After the agrarian rebel Huang Chao captured the imp ...

(867–872) * Liu Zhan (869–870, 874) *

Wei Baoheng Wei Baoheng (韋保衡) (died 873), courtesy name Yunyong (蘊用), was an official of the Chinese Tang dynasty. He became extremely powerful late in the reign of his father-in-law Emperor Yizong, rising to the post of chancellor and becoming the m ...

(870–873) * Wang Duo (870–873, 877–879) * Liu Ye (871–874) * Zhao Yin (872–874) *

Xiao Fang Xiao Fang (; 796–875), courtesy name Sidao (思道), formally the Marquess of Lanling (蘭陵侯), was a Chinese politician during the Tang dynasty, serving as a chancellor during the reign of Emperor Xizong. Background Xiao Fang was born in ...

(873–875) * Pei Tan (874) *

Cui Yanzhao Cui Yanzhao (), courtesy name Siwen (), was an official of the Chinese Tang Dynasty, serving as a chancellor during the reign of Emperor Xizong. Background It is not known when Cui Yanzhao was born. He was from the "Lesser Branch" of the promin ...

(874–877) * Zheng Tian (874–878, 882–883) * Lu Xi (874–878, 879–880) * Li Wei (875–878) *

Doulu Zhuan Doulu Zhuan (豆盧瑑) (died January 24, 881), courtesy name Xizhen (希真), was an official of the Chinese dynasty Tang Dynasty, serving as a chancellor during the reign of Emperor Xizong. When the agrarian rebel Huang Chao captured the Tang ...

(878–880) *

Cui Hang Cui Hang (崔沆) (died January 24, 881), courtesy name Neirong (內融), was an official of the History of China, Chinese dynasty Tang Dynasty, serving as a chancellor of Tang Dynasty, chancellor during the reign of Emperor Xizong of Tang, Empero ...

(878–880) * Zheng Congdang (878–880, 883–886) * Wang Hui (880–881) * Pei Che (880–881, 883–887) * Xiao Gou (881–887) *

Zheng Changtu Zheng Changtu (鄭昌圖) (died April 6, 887?Academia Sinicabr>Chinese-Western Calendar Converter''New Book of Tang''vol. 63.''Zizhi Tongjian'', vol. 256.According to the table of chancellors in the ''New Book of Tang'', Xiao Gou and Pei Che died ...

(886Zheng Changtu is not listed in the official list of Tang chancellors in the ''New Book of Tang'' because he served under the pretender Li Yun.) * Wei Zhaodu (881–887, 893–895) *

Kong Wei Kong Wei (孔緯) (died October 1, 895Academia Sinicabr>Chinese-Western Calendar Converter''Zizhi Tongjian'', vol. 260.), courtesy name Huawen (化文), formally the Duke of Lu (魯公), was an official of the late Tang dynasty, serving as a chance ...

(886–891, 895) *

Du Rangneng Du Rangneng (杜讓能) (841–893), courtesy name Qunyi (群懿), formally the Duke of Jin (晉公), was an official of the late Tang dynasty, serving as a chancellor during the reigns of Emperor Xizong and Emperor Xizong's brother Emperor Zhaozo ...

(886–893) * Zhang Jun (887–891) *

Liu Chongwang Liu Chongwang (劉崇望) (c. 839?-July 30, 900?''Old Book of Tang'', vol. 20, part 1.Academia Sinicabr>Chinese-Western Calendar ConverterThe death date listed here is according to the chronicles of Emperor Zhaozong's reign in the ''Old Book of Ta ...

(889–892) *

Cui Zhaowei Cui Zhaowei (崔昭緯) (d. 896), courtesy name Yunyao (蘊曜), was an official of the Chinese Tang Dynasty, serving as a chancellor during the reign of Emperor Zhaozong. According to traditional histories, he was disloyal to Emperor Zhaozong and ...

(891–895) * Xu Yanruo (891–893, 894–900) * Zheng Yanchang (892–894) * Cui Yin (893–895, 895–896, 896–899, 900–901, 903–904) *

Zheng Qi Zheng Qi (; died 899), courtesy name Yunwu (蘊武), was an official of the Chinese Tang dynasty, serving briefly as chancellor in 894 during the reign of Emperor Zhaozong. He was known for writing poems filled with puns ('' xiehouyu'') that s ...

(894) * Li Xi (894, 895) *

Lu Xisheng Lu Xisheng (陸希聲) (d. 895) was an official of the Chinese dynasty Tang Dynasty, serving briefly as chancellor during the reign of Emperor Zhaozong. Background It is not known when Lu Xisheng was born. His family claimed ancestry from the r ...

(895) *

Wang Tuan Wang Tuan (王摶) (died July 12, 900''Zizhi Tongjian'', vol. 262.Academia Sinicabr>Chinese-Western Calendar Converter), courtesy name Zhaoyi (昭逸), formally the Duke of Lu (魯公), was an official of the Chinese dynasty Tang Dynasty, serving a ...

(895–896, 896–900) *

Sun Wo Sun Wo (), courtesy name Longguang (龍光), formally the Marquess of Le'an (樂安侯), was an official of the Chinese Tang dynasty, serving as a chancellor from 895 to 897 during the reign of Emperor Zhaozong. Background It is not known whe ...

(895–897) * Lu Yi (896, 899–903) *

Zhu Pu Zhu Pu (朱朴) was an official of the Chinese dynasty Tang Dynasty, serving briefly from 896 to 897 as a chancellor during the reign of Emperor Zhaozong. Emperor Zhaozong made him chancellor after he made assurances that he would be able to make ...

(896–897) * Cui Yuan (896–900, 904–905) *

Pei Zhi Pei Zhi (裴贄) (died 905), courtesy name Jingchen (敬臣), was an official of the Chinese Tang dynasty, serving as a chancellor from 900 to 903 during the reign of Emperor Zhaozong. In 905, as the warlord Zhu Quanzhong the military governor of ...

(900–903) * Wang Pu (901–903) * Pei Shu (901, 903–905) * Wei Yifan (902, 902) *

Su Jian Su Jian (蘇檢) (died March 6, 903''Zizhi Tongjian'', vol. 264.Academia Sinicabr>Chinese-Western Calendar Converter), courtesy name Shengyong (聖用),''New Book of Tang'', vol. 7/ref> was an official of the History of China, Chinese Tang Dynasty ...

(902–903) * Dugu Sun (903–905) *

Liu Can Liu Can (died 318), courtesy name Shiguang, Posthumous name (as given by Jin Zhun) Emperor Yin of Han (Zhao), was an emperor of the Xiongnu-led Han Zhao dynasty of China, who reigned briefly in 318 before being killed by his trusted father-in-la ...

(904–905) * Zhang Wenwei (905–907) *

Yang She Yang She (楊涉), courtesy name Wenchuan (文川), was an official of the Chinese Tang dynasty and Tang's successor Later Liang, serving as a chancellor during the reigns of Tang's final emperor Emperor Ai and Later Liang's both commonly recogni ...

(905–907)

Chancellors de facto of the third grade

The office recurred as variations of the pre-formalization titles, even after formalization of the chancellors de facto offices of the first and second grades, but did not regularly recur after 713. Liu Youqiu, who held the title as ''Zhi Junguo Zhongshi'', was the last person to hold any variation of the title as chancellor as a regular title, although Pei Du would hold the title of ''Pingzhang Junguo Zhongshi'' (平章軍國重事) briefly in 830. Toward the end of the dynasty, Li Zhirou was briefly put temporarily in charge of the Office of the Chancellors in 895 with the designation ''Quanzhi Zhongshu Shi'' (權知中書事) and therefore could be regarded as a chancellor as well (and was listed in the table of chancellors in the ''New Book of Tang''); similarly, Lu Guangqi went through two similar titles. * Zhang Liang (643–646) (as ''Canyu Chaozheng'' (參豫朝政)) * Chu Suiliang (644–647, 648) (as ''Canyu Chaozheng'') * Xu Jingzong (645)Xu Jingzong, Gao Jifu, and Zhang Xingcheng were referred to as ''de facto'' chancellors by the ''New Book of Tang'', vol. 61, but this appeared to be a temporary measure during the Goguryeo campaign with Emperor Taizong out of Tang territory and Li Zhi in charge temporarily. Xu, Gao, Zhang (each of whom would be later made chancellor) were not again referred to as chancellors until they were made chancellors after Emperor Taizong's death, even though they were not explicitly removed. (as ''Tongzhang Jiwu'' (同掌機務)) * Gao Jifu (645) (as ''Tongzhang Jiwu'') * Zhang Xingcheng (645) (as ''Tongzhang Jiwu'') *

Cui Renshi Cui Renshi ( 580s–650s) was a Chinese official of the Tang dynasty who briefly served as a chancellor late in the reign of Emperor Taizong. His grandson, Cui Shi, later served as chancellor during the reigns of the emperors Zhongzong and Ruiz ...

(648) (as ''Canzhi Jiwu'' (參知機務)) * Li Yifu (655–657) (as ''Canzhi Zhengshi'' (參知政事)) *

(659) (as ''Canzhi Zhengshi'') * Le Yanwei (665) (as ''Zhi Junguo Zhengshi'' (知軍國政事)) *

(665) (as ''Zhi Junguo Zhengshi'') * Liu Rengui (665–666) (as ''Zhi Zhengshi'' (知政事)) *

(667–669) (as ''Canzhi Zhengshi'') * Li Dan (710) (as ''Canmou Zhengshi'' (參謀政事)) * Liu Youqiu (710–711 (as ''Canyu Jiwu'' (參豫機務)), 713 (as ''Zhi Junguo Zhongshi'' (知軍國重事))) *

(710) (as ''Canyu Jiwu'') * Xue Ji (710) (as ''Canyu Jiwu'') * Cui Riyong (710) (as ''Canyu Jiwu'') * Dou Huaizhen (712) (as ''Junguo Zhongshi Yigong Pingzhang'' (軍國重事宜共平章)) * Pei Du (830) (as ''Pingzhang Junguo Zhongshi'') * Li Zhirou (895) as ''Quanzhi Zhongshu Shi'' (權知中書事) * Lu Guangqi (901 (as ''Quanju Dang Zhongshu Shi'' (權句當中書事)), 901–902 (as ''Canzhi Jiwu''))

References

Generally

* ''

Old Book of Tang The ''Old Book of Tang'', or simply the ''Book of Tang'', is the first classic historical work about the Tang dynasty, comprising 200 chapters, and is one of the Twenty-Four Histories. Originally compiled during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdo ...

'', vols
42
* ''

'', vols
46
6

https://web.archive.org/web/20120518034021/http://www.sidneyluo.net/a/a17/table/form01.htm]
62
* ''

Edition'' of the '' Zizhi Tongjian'', vol. 45, pp. 217–269. * Bo Yang, ''Outlines of the History of the Chinese'' (中國人史綱), vol. 2, pp. 499–503.

Specifically

{{Tang dynasty topics Tang dynasty chancellors, *