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Li Linfu
Li Linfu () (died January 3, 753), nickname Genu (), formally the Duke of Jin (), was a Chinese historian, musician, and politician during the Tang dynasty, serving as a chancellor for 18 years (734–752), during the reign of Emperor Xuanzong—one of the longest terms of service for a chancellor in Tang history, and the longest during Xuanzong's reign. Li was known for his flattery of the Emperor and skill in the political scene, which enabled him to remain powerful throughout his lengthy duration as chancellor. His treachery in cutting off all routes for all potential political challengers, including false accusations against other officials and the granting of key military commands to non-Han commanders, were blamed for the deterioration of Emperor Xuanzong's reign, which culminated in the An-Shi Rebellion after Li Linfu's death. Xuanzong himself admitted after the An Lushan Rebellion broke out (when Li had died) that Li was most adept at removing political rivals and be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Li (surname)
Li, li, or LI may refer to: Businesses and organizations * Landscape Institute, a British professional body for landscape architects * Leadership Institute, a non-profit organization located in Arlington, Virginia, US, that teaches "political technology." * Li Auto (Nasdaq: LI), a Chinese manufacturer of electric vehicles * Liberal International, a political federation for liberal parties * Linux International, an international non-profit organization * Lyndon Institute, an independent high school in the U.S. state of Vermont * The Light Infantry, a British Army infantry regiment Names * Li (surname), including: ** List of people with surname Li ** Li (surname 李), one of the most common surnames in the world ** Li (surname 黎), the 84th most common surname in China ** Li (surname 栗), the 249th most common surname in China ** Li (surname 利), the 299th most common surname in China ** Li (surname 厉), a Chinese surname ** Li (surname 郦), a Chinese surname ** Li (surname ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Li Ying (prince)
Li Ying (李瑛) (died 737), né Li Siqian (李嗣謙), known from 725 to 736 as Li Hong (李鴻), was a crown prince of the Chinese dynasty Tang Dynasty during the reign of his father Emperor Xuanzong. He was later removed and forced to commit suicide due to the machinations of Emperor Xuanzong's favorite and influential concubine Consort Wu and her powerful and corrupt ally, the chancellor Li Linfu. Background It is not known when Li Siqian was born, but it is known that he was the second son of Li Longji, then the Prince of Linzi under Li Longji's uncle Emperor Zhongzong. His mother Consort Zhao, who would eventually receive the imperial consort rank of ''Lifei'' (麗妃), the second highest rank for imperial consorts,'' Old Book of Tang''vol. 51. was said to be a prostitute who was capable in singing and dancing, and who became a concubine of Li Longji's when Li Longji was serving as the secretary general for Lu Prefecture (潞州, roughly modern Changzhi, Shanxi), in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zhang Jiuling
Zhang Jiuling () (678 or 673–740), courtesy name Zishou (), nickname Bowu (), formally Count Wenxian of Shixing (), was a prominent minister, noted poet and scholar of the Tang dynasty, serving as chancellor during the reign of Emperor Xuanzong. Biography Early life Zhang Jiuling was born in 678, during the reign of Emperor Gaozong. His family was from Qujiang () in Shao Prefecture (, roughly modern Shaoguan, Guangdong) in the region called Lingnan ), which was at the time a relatively remote area of the Tang empire. His family traced its ancestry to the Jin dynasty (266–420) chancellor Zhang Hua, and his First Son (). His great-grandfather Zhang Junzheng () served as the secretary general of Shao Prefecture, and therefore settled there. His grandfather Zhang Zizhou () served as a county magistrate, and his father Zhang Hongyu () served as a county secretary general. Zhang Jiuling was said to be intelligent in his childhood and capable in literary skills. In 685, whe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pei Yaoqing
PEI or Pei may refer to: Places *Matecaña International Airport, Pereira, Colombia, IATA code PEI *Pei County (沛县), Jiangsu, China *Pei Commandery (沛郡), a commandery in Chinese history *Prince Edward Island, a province of Canada *Pei, Tibet, a town in Tibet People *Bei (surname) (貝), romanized Pei in Wade–Giles *Pei (surname), a Chinese surname (裴) or an Italian surname * I. M. Pei (1917–2019), a Chinese-American architect *Mario Pei (1901–1978), an Italian-American linguist Polymers *Polyetherimide (PEI), a thermoplastic similar to PEEK *Polyethylenimine (PEI), a type of water-soluble polymer Other uses * Paul Ehrlich Institute, Germany * Pei language * Pe (Semitic letter) (פ), or ''pei'', a letter in the Hebrew alphabet * Petroleum & Energy Infrastructures Ltd. (PEI), Israel * Princeton Environmental Institute of Princeton University * ''Private Equity International'', a financial magazine * Private Education Institution (Singapore) * Shar Pei, a wri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Xiao Song
Xiao Song (; died 749), formally the Duke of Xu (), was a Chinese historian, military general, and politician during the Tang dynasty, serving as a chancellor during the reign of Emperor Xuanzong. Background It is not known when Xiao Song was born. His family was descended from the imperial family of Liang Dynasty. Hiis great-great-grandfather was Emperor Ming of Western Liang, and his great-granduncle Xiao Yu was a famed chancellor during the reigns of Tang Dynasty's first two emperors, Emperor Gaozu and Emperor Taizong. Xiao Song's grandfather Xiao Jun () was well known as a deputy head of the legislative bureau of government (中書省, ''Zhongshu Sheng'') and Xiao Song's father Xiao Guan () served as a prefectural secretary general. Xiao Song himself was described as handsome and tall, with a lengthy and beautiful beard. His wife was a daughter of one He Hui (), another daughter of whom married Lu Xiangxian. At that time, Lu, who was the son of the chancellor Lu Yuanf ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Han Xiu
Han Xiu () (672–739), courtesy name Liangshi (良士),'' New Book of Tang'', vol. 73. formally Viscount Wenzhong of Yiyang (宜陽文忠子), was a Chinese politician during the Tang Dynasty, briefly serving as chancellor during the reign of Emperor Xuanzong. His wife was called Liu (died in 784). He was known for his bluntness and honesty. Background Han Xiu was born in 672, during the reign of Emperor Gaozong. His family was from the Tang Dynasty capital Chang'an and traced its ancestry to the royal house of the Warring States period state Han. It also claimed, as ancestors, a line of officials during Han Dynasty, Jin Dynasty (266–420), Northern Wei, Northern Qi, Northern Zhou, Sui Dynasty, and Tang. Han Xiu's grandfather Han Fu (韓符) served as a prefectural prefect during Tang, and Han Xiu's father Han Dazhi (韓大智) served as a census official at the eastern capital Luoyang. Han Xiu's uncle Han Damin (韓大敏) was a more-known official who, during the early ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gao Lishi
Gao Lishi () (684–762), formally the Duke of Qi (齊國公), was a Chinese eunuch and politician of the Tang dynasty and the Wu Zhou dynasty, becoming particularly powerful during Emperor Xuanzong of Tang's reign. He is believed to have been in charge of many decisions that were supposed to be the emperor's responsibility during Emperor Xuanzong's later years, and was believed to have been richer than many of the nobility of the era. Despite this, however, he was often viewed as a positive example of eunuch participation in politics for his personal loyalty to Emperor Xuanzong, which withstood despite its putting himself in personal danger later, during the reign of Emperor Xuanzong's son Emperor Suzong (when Emperor Xuanzong was ''Taishang Huang'' (retired emperor)) as it drew jealousy from fellow eunuch Li Fuguo. Further, during the years of his highest power, he was also said to make no improper influences on governance, and therefore drew no anger from the intelligentsia. L ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wu Zetian
Wu Zetian (17 February 624 – 16 December 705), personal name Wu Zhao, was the ''de facto'' ruler of the Tang dynasty from 665 to 705, ruling first through others and then (from 690) in her own right. From 665 to 690, she was first empress consort of the Tang dynasty (as wife of the Emperor Gaozong) and then, after his death, empress dowager (ruling through her sons Emperors Zhongzong and Ruizong). Unprecedented in Chinese history, she subsequently founded and ruled as empress regnant of the Wu Zhou dynasty of China from 690 to 705. She was the only female sovereign in the history of China widely regarded as legitimate. Under her 40-year reign, China grew larger, becoming one of the great powers of the world, its culture and economy were revitalized, and corruption in the court was reduced. She was removed from power in a coup and died a few months later. In early life, Wu was the concubine of Emperor Taizong. After his death, she married his ninth son and successor, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wu Sansi
Wu Sansi (died August 7, 707), known posthumously as Prince Xuan of Liang (), was a Chinese prince and politician of the Tang and Wu Zhou dynasties. Wu Sansi served as a chancellor and imperial prince during the reign of his aunt, Empress Wu Zetian of Zhou, and was again a powerful chancellor during the second reign of Empress Wu's son, Emperor Zhongzong of Tang. He was aided in navigating the fraught period that followed Emperor Zhongzong's restoration by successive affairs with the influential consort Shangguan Wan'er and the powerful Empress Wei. Although he amassed significant authority and enjoyed the trust of Emperor Zhongzong, he was killed during an unsuccessful rebellion by the crown prince Li Chongjun in 707. Background It is not known when Wu Sansi was born. His father Wu Yuanqing (武元慶) was a half-brother of Wu Zetian—both had, as father, the early Tang dynasty general Wu Shihuo (武士彠), but Wu Yuanqing and his brother Wu Yuanshuang (武元爽) were b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pei Guangting
Pei Guangting (; 676-March 27, 733), courtesy name Liancheng (連城), formally Baron Zhongxian of Zhengping (正平忠獻男),That Pei's posthumous name was 忠獻 rather than 忠憲 (both pronounced "Zhongxian") was per his biography in the ''Old Book of Tang'', which the ''Zizhi Tongjian'' followed; his biography in the ''New Book of Tang'' used 忠憲. Compare ''Old Book of Tang''vol. 84 and ''Zizhi Tongjian'', vol. 213 with ''New Book of Tang''vol. 108. was a Chinese diplomat, politician, and writer during the Tang Dynasty and Wu Zetian's Zhou Dynasty, serving as a chancellor during the reign of Emperor Xuanzong. He instituted a seniority-based system of promotion for the Tang civil service system, and was often blamed by traditional historians for limiting the rise of talented officials in the subsequent years of Emperor Xuanzong's reign. Background Pei Guangting's family was the Pei clan of Hedong from Jiang Prefecture (絳州, in modern Yuncheng, Shanxi) and traced its ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eunuch
A eunuch ( ) is a male who has been castrated. Throughout history, castration often served a specific social function. The earliest records for intentional castration to produce eunuchs are from the Sumerian city of Lagash in the 2nd millennium BCE. Over the millennia since, they have performed a wide variety of functions in many different cultures: courtiers or equivalent domestics, for espionage or clandestine operations, castrato singers, concubines, or sexual partners, religious specialists, soldiers, royal guards, government officials, and guardians of women or harem servants. Eunuchs would usually be servants or slaves who had been castrated to make them less threatening servants of a royal court where physical access to the ruler could wield great influence. Seemingly lowly domestic functions—such as making the ruler's bed, bathing him, cutting his hair, carrying him in his litter, or even relaying messages—could, in theory, give a eunuch "the ruler's ear" and impa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Consort Wu (Xuanzong)
Consort Wu, imperial consort rank ''Huifei'' (武惠妃) (d. 737), posthumously Empress Zhenshun (貞順皇后, literally "the virtuous and serene empress"), was an imperial consort of the Chinese dynasty Tang Dynasty, during the reign of Emperor Xuanzong. She was Emperor Xuanzong's favorite concubine during her lifetime, and after the death of his wife Empress Wang in 724, she became honored like an empress inside the palace, court, by the emperor and among the public until her death; Thus, she was the undisputed mistress of the palace, and wielded political power in the court and influence over the decisions of Emperor Xuanzong. She never formally became empress on account of her father Wu Youzhi (武攸止) being a nephew of Emperor Xuanzong's grandmother Wu Zetian, the memory about whose takeover of the Tang throne terrified the officials. But the power she gained within the palace and the political circles of the court, and the love of Emperor Xuanzong for her, made her autho ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
