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Yuen Long is a town in the western
New Territories The New Territories is one of the three main regions of Hong Kong, alongside Hong Kong Island and the Kowloon Peninsula. It makes up 86.2% of Hong Kong's territory, and contains around half of the population of Hong Kong. Historically, it ...
, Hong Kong. To its west lie
Hung Shui Kiu Hung Shui Kiu is an area between Ping Shan and Lam Tei, in the western part of the New Territories of Hong Kong. It covers parts of Yuen Long and Tuen Mun districts. It is a largely rural residential area. Several Housing Authority blocks ...
(),
Tin Shui Wai Tin Shui Wai New Town is a satellite town in the northwestern New Territories of Hong Kong. Originally a ' fish pond area, it was developed in the 1980s as the second new town in Yuen Long District and the eighth in Hong Kong. It is due northw ...
,
Lau Fau Shan Lau Fau Shan () is an area of Yuen Long District, in the New Territories of Hong Kong. It is at the shore of Deep Bay, near Tin Shui Wai and facing Shekou in Shenzhen, China. Economy Lau Fau Shan is traditionally famous for fresh oysters. Abo ...
and
Ha Tsuen Ha Tsuen (), or Ha Tsuen Heung () is an area at the west of Yuen Long Town in Hong Kong. Administratively, it belongs to Yuen Long District. History During the Hungwu reign (1368-1398) of the Ming Dynasty, two members of Tang clans in Kam Tin ...
, to the south
Shap Pat Heung Shap Pat Heung is an area in the New Territories of Hong Kong. Located south of Yuen Long and northeast of Tai Tong, the area occupies the plain north of hills of Tai Lam. The Cantonese name 'Shap Pat Heung' means 'eighteen villages'Antiq ...
and
Tai Tong Tai Tong is an area southwest of Shap Pat Heung, in Yuen Long District, in the northwestern part of Hong Kong. Tai Tong Village or Tai Tong Tsuen () is located in the area. Administration Tai Tong Tsuen is a recognized village under the New ...
, to the east
Au Tau Au Tau () is an area of Yuen Long District, Hong Kong, located directly east of Yuen Long Town. Pok Oi Hospital is located in Au Tau. Pun Uk, a former mansion and a List of Grade I historic buildings in Hong Kong, Grade I Historic Building i ...
and
Kam Tin Kam Tin, or Kam Tin Heung, is an area in the New Territories, Hong Kong. It lies on a flat alluvial plain north of Tai Mo Shan mountain and east of Yuen Long town. It was formerly known as Sham Tin (岑田). Administratively, it is part o ...
(), and to the north
Nam Sang Wai Nam Sang Wai is a wetland area in San Tin, New Territories, Hong Kong to the north of Yuen Long. It is considered ecologically important, and serves as a stopping place for migratory birds. It is also a popular recreational destination, e ...
.


Name

The Cantonese name Yuen Long may refer to the limits of the original market town,
Yuen Long New Town Yuen Long New Town is a new town in the northwest New Territories, Hong Kong. It was developed from the traditional market town of Yuen Long Town () from the late 1970s onwards. As it is located in the centre of Yuen Long Plain, the to ...
, Yuen Long Plain or
Yuen Long District Yuen Long District (formerly romanised as Un Long) is one of the districts of Hong Kong. Located in the northwest of the New Territories, it had a population of 662,000 in 2021 Geography Yuen Long District contains the largest alluvial pla ...
.


Market town

The central part of Yuen Long was traditionally a
market town A market town is a settlement most common in Europe that obtained by custom or royal charter, in the Middle Ages, a market right, which allowed it to host a regular market; this distinguished it from a village or city. In Britain, small rural ...
, in the area now known as Yuen Long San Hui (), in
Yuen Long District Yuen Long District (formerly romanised as Un Long) is one of the districts of Hong Kong. Located in the northwest of the New Territories, it had a population of 662,000 in 2021 Geography Yuen Long District contains the largest alluvial pla ...
, where people from the surrounding villages sold their crops and fish. The market is still a place where people from villages in the northwest New Territories shop and trade. Like many market towns in Hong Kong, the market operates only on certain days each week. Modern
shopping malls A shopping mall (or simply mall) is a North American term for a large indoor shopping center, usually anchored by department stores. The term "mall" originally meant a pedestrian promenade with shops along it (that is, the term was used to refe ...
and
restaurants A restaurant is a business that prepares and serves food and drinks to customers. Meals are generally served and eaten on the premises, but many restaurants also offer take-out and food delivery services. Restaurants vary greatly in appearanc ...
have also established.


New towns

Two new towns have been developed in Yuen Long since the 1970s:
Yuen Long New Town Yuen Long New Town is a new town in the northwest New Territories, Hong Kong. It was developed from the traditional market town of Yuen Long Town () from the late 1970s onwards. As it is located in the centre of Yuen Long Plain, the to ...
was developed in and around the market town in the late 1970s and early 1980s.
Tin Shui Wai New Town Tin Shui Wai New Town is a satellite town in the northwestern New Territories of Hong Kong. Originally a ' fish pond area, it was developed in the 1980s as the second new town in Yuen Long District and the eighth in Hong Kong. It is due nort ...
was established in the 1990s to the west of Yuen Long New Town, separate from Yuen Long New Town. It is mostly residential. There are Light Rail Transit and several bus routes serving between the two towns.


Housing estate

The private residential estate Fairview Park is in the northeast part of Yuen Long.


History

The earliest market in Yuen Long was south of the main road, near
Tai Kei Leng Tai Kei Leng () is a village in Shap Pat Heung, Yuen Long District, Hong Kong. Features Several buildings in the village have been listed as Grade III historic buildings: they are the houses at Nos. 26, 27, 45, 112, 119, 173, 186 and 188, Siu Lo ...
. In 1669, the market was moved north to the area near the present-day
Yuen Long station Yuen Long () is an MTR station in the north-eastern part of Yuen Long Town, New Territories, Hong Kong, on the between and . It is an interchange between the and Yuen Long stop of the system. History Yuen Long and Long Ping station wer ...
. This area is now known as
Yuen Long Kau Hui Yuen Long Kau Hui is an area in Yuen Long, Yuen Long District, in the western New Territories of Hong Kong. Geography Yuen Long Kau Hui is located in the north-east of the present Yuen Long Town. It is sited south of a small hill and directly no ...
(元朗舊墟, lit. "old Yuen Long Town"). This market is sited south of a small hill. While it is far from the coast today, it was beside the seashore when the market was first built.
Cheung Shing Street Yuen Long Kau Hui is an area in Yuen Long, Yuen Long District, in the western New Territories of Hong Kong. Geography Yuen Long Kau Hui is located in the north-east of the present Yuen Long Town. It is sited south of a small hill and directly no ...
, which separates Nam Pin Wai and
Sai Pin Wai Sai Pin Wai (), sometimes transliterated as Sai Bin Wai, is a walled village in the Yuen Long Kau Hui area of Yuen Long District, Hong Kong. Administration Sai Pin Wai is a recognized village under the New Territories Small House Policy. For ele ...
, divides the centre of the market. Temples were built for worship and to judge disputes. After the British leased the New Territories in 1898, they built Castle Peak Road to connect major areas of the New Territories and
Kowloon Kowloon () is an urban area in Hong Kong comprising the Kowloon Peninsula and New Kowloon. With a population of 2,019,533 and a population density of in 2006, it is the most populous area in Hong Kong, compared with Hong Kong Island and t ...
. The villagers proposed and moved the market town to the main road. After the
Second World War World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposin ...
, Yuen Long Town dramatically increased in size, going from a small village into a large town known for its numerous cultural and sporting events.


2019 Yuen Long attack

The 2019 Yuen Long attack was a mob attack that occurred on 21 July 2019, in Yuen Long, Hong Kong. A mob of over 100 armed men dressed in white indiscriminately attacked civilians on the streets and passengers in the Yuen Long MTR station including the elderly, children, black-clad protesters, journalists and lawmakers. At least 45 people were injured in the incident,At least 45 injured as rod-wielding mob dressed in white rampages through Yuen Long MTR station, beating screaming protesters
– South China Morning Post
including a pregnant woman. The attack happened following an anti-extradition bill protest in
Sheung Wan Sheung Wan is an area in Hong Kong, located in the north-west of Hong Kong Island, between Central and Sai Ying Pun. Administratively, it is part of the Central and Western District. The name can be variously interpreted as ''Upper Dist ...
, Hong Kong and was an act threatening the pro-democracy protesters who were preparing to target Yuen Long.


Climate


Cross-border activities

Due to their proximity to the
Shenzhen Shenzhen (; ; ; ), also historically known as Sham Chun, is a major sub-provincial city and one of the special economic zones of China. The city is located on the east bank of the Pearl River estuary on the central coast of southern province ...
border in China's
Guangdong Guangdong (, ), alternatively romanized as Canton or Kwangtung, is a coastal province in South China on the north shore of the South China Sea. The capital of the province is Guangzhou. With a population of 126.01 million (as of 2020) ...
province, towns in the northern parts of Hong Kong, notably Sheung Shui and Yuen Long, have become hubs for parallel traders who have been buying up large quantities of goods, forcing up local prices and disrupting the daily lives of local citizens. Since 2012, there has been a vertiginous increase in Chinese parallel traders arriving in the North District of Hong Kong to re-export infant formula and household products – goods popular with the Chinese – across the border to Shenzhen. Trafficking caused chronic local shortages of milk powder in Hong Kong, which led the government to impose restrictions on the amount of milk powder exports from Hong Kong. The first anti-parallel trading protest was started at Sheung Shui in September 2012. As government efforts to limit the adverse impact of Chinese trafficking were widely seen as inadequate, there have been further subsequent protests in towns in the North District including Sheung Shui. A campaign called
Liberate Yuen Long The 2015 Yuen Long protest, called Liberate Yuen Long or Recover Yuen Long () by the protesters, was part of a series of anti-parallel trading protests in the northern districts of Hong Kong that took place on 1 March 2015 in Yuen Long. It was ...
was mounted on 1 March 2015 by localist groups to protest smuggling and parallel trading.


Public transport

The following information show transportation in Yuen Long.


Inside Yuen Long Town


Buses

* KMB routes 53, 54, 64K, 68A, 68E, 68F, 68M, 68R, 68X, 76K, 77K, 264R, 268A, 268B, 268C, 268P, 268X, 269D, 276, 276P, 869, 968, 968A, 968X, B1, N269, N368, R968 ** Route B1 to
Lok Ma Chau station Lok or LOK may refer to: Places * Lok, Serbia, a village * Lok, Levice District, Slovakia, a village * Lok, Pakistan, a village * Loka (pronounced Lok): a plane of existence in Indian religions, Dharma People Surname Lok (English origin) * A ...
Control Point, a customs checkpoint between
Hong Kong Hong Kong ( (US) or (UK); , ), officially the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China ( abbr. Hong Kong SAR or HKSAR), is a city and special administrative region of China on the eastern Pearl River Delt ...
and China *
MTR Bus MTR Bus is a public bus service in Hong Kong operated by the MTR Corporation. It serves the northwestern part of the New Territories. Also known as MTR Feeder Bus (previously operated by the Kowloon-Canton Railway Corporation as KCR Feeder B ...
routes K65, K66, K68, K73, K74 *
Long Win Bus Long Win Bus Company Limited (LWB; ) is a bus company operating franchised services in Hong Kong. It provides bus service between Hong Kong International Airport, North Lantau New Town and the New Territories. It is a subsidiary of Transport I ...
routes A36, E36, E36A, N30, NA36 *
New Lantao Bus The New Lantao Bus Company (1973) Limited, commonly known as New Lantao Bus or NLB, is a franchised bus company operating in Hong Kong. It mainly operates bus routes on Lantau Island. History NLB was formed in 1973 through the merger of three b ...
route B2 ** Route B2 to
Shenzhen Bay Port Shenzhen Bay Port () is a juxtaposed border crossing and a port of entry and exit between mainland China and the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, located geographically in Dongjiaotou, Shekou, which lies on the southwestern corner of ...
, a customs checkpoint between Hong Kong and China


Rail

* MTR Tuen Ma line * Light Rail routes 610, 614, 615 and 761P


Outside Yuen Long Town (except via Yuen Long Town)


Buses

* KMB routes 51, 64S, 69C, 69M, 69P, 69X, 251A, 251B, 251M, 265B, 265M, 265S, 269A, 269B, 269C, 269M, 269P, 276A, 276B * MTR Bus routes K75, K75A, K75P * Long Win Bus routes A37, E36P, E37, NA37 * New Lantao Bus routes B2P, B2X ** Routes B2P and B2X to
Shenzhen Bay Port Shenzhen Bay Port () is a juxtaposed border crossing and a port of entry and exit between mainland China and the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, located geographically in Dongjiaotou, Shekou, which lies on the southwestern corner of ...
, a customs checkpoint between Hong Kong and China * Citybus routes 967, 967X, 969, 969A, 969B, 969C, 969P, 969X, N969


Rail

* MTR Tuen Ma line * Light Rail routes 705, 706 and 751


Demographics

Yuen Long residents are mainly local ethnic Han with a sizable Hoa immigrants, Vietnamese Chinese from the 1970s to 1990s.


Education

The Yuen Long West area, meaning areas west of Tai Tong Road and the Yuen Long
Nullah A nullah or nala ( Hindustani or "nallah" in Punjabi) is an 'arm of the sea', stream, or watercourse, a steep narrow valley. Like the wadi of the Arabs, the nullah is characteristic of mountainous or hilly country where there is little rainfall. ...
and south of Kau Yuk Road, is in Primary One Admission (POA) School Net 73. The other parts are in POA 74. Within POA 73 are multiple aided schools (operated independently but funded with government money) and one government school: South Yuen Long Government Primary School (南元朗官立小學). POA 74 has multiple aided schools and one government school: Yuen Long Government Primary School (元朗官立小學). Schools in Yuen Long include: *
Yuen Long Public Secondary School Yuen Long Public Secondary School is a school located in Yuen Long. In 1936, community members of Yuen Long felt that all primary school pupils in the district could not continue with Secondary education, secondary schooling. Seeing this, local c ...
* N.T. Heung Yee Kuk Yuen Long District Secondary School *
Yuen Long Catholic Secondary School Yuen Long Catholic Secondary School (), which was established in 1995 by Catholic Diocese of Hong Kong, is a subsidized co-educational school located in Hong Kong. Being a vocational school A vocational school is a type of educational ...
*
ELCHK Yuen Long Lutheran Secondary School The Evangelical Lutheran Church of Hong Kong (; Abbreviated as ELCHK) is a Lutheran denomination in Hong Kong. History On 27 February 1954, its establishing ceremony was held at Tao Fong Shan, Sha Tin with representatives from all Lutheran congr ...
*
CCC Kei Yuen College CCC Kei Yuen College () is an aided co-ed Secondary school, mainly for band 1 students in Yuen Long. The school is located in Fung Yau Street East, established in 1982. CCC Kei Yuen College is a Christian grammar school founded by the Hong Ko ...
The Yuen Kong Kindergarten is in Yuen Kong Tsuen. It had five students in 2009 and 64 students in 2011; Elaine Yau of the ''
South China Morning Post The ''South China Morning Post'' (''SCMP''), with its Sunday edition, the ''Sunday Morning Post'', is a Hong Kong-based English-language newspaper owned by Alibaba Group. Founded in 1903 by Tse Tsan-tai and Alfred Cunningham, it has remained ...
'' stated that the school had faced closure but has since improved. The film ''
Little Big Master ''Little Big Master'' is a 2015 Hong Kong drama film co-written and directed by Adrian Kwan and starring Miriam Yeung and Louis Koo. The film is based on a true story where Lilian Lui, former headmistress of an elite kindergarten in Discovery Ba ...
'' is about the kindergarten.


In popular culture

The 2003 Hong Kong drama ''
Vigilante Force ''Vigilante Force'' is a 1976 American action film directed by George Armitage and starring Kris Kristofferson and Jan-Michael Vincent. The plot concerns a Vietnam War veteran and his buddies, who are hired by his brother and others in a small Ca ...
'' by
TVB Television Broadcasts Limited (TVB) is a television broadcasting company based in Hong Kong SAR. The Company operates five free-to-air terrestrial television channels in Hong Kong, with TVB Jade as its main Cantonese language service, and ...
starring
Bowie Lam Bowie Lam (, Lam Bo-yee; born 4 September 1965) is an Hong Kong actor with the TVB network. He has starred in several popular dramas including ''File of Justice'' and '' Healing Hands''. Before working in entertainment, Lam held other occupations ...
is set in Yuen Long. The school in 2020 Hong Kong drama '' We are the Littles'' by
ViuTV ViuTV is a Cantonese language Generalist channel, general entertainment television channel in Hong Kong operated by HK Television Entertainment (HKTVE), whose parent company PCCW also operates the IPTV platform Now TV (Hong Kong), Now TV and the ...
starring Stephy Tang, Zeno Koo,
Ian Chan Ian Chan Cheuk-yin (; born 9 June 1993), is a Hong Kong singer-songwriter, actor, and a member of the Cantopop group Mirror. He was a former volleyball player for the Hong Kong men's national volleyball team and South China Athletic Associati ...
and
Anson Lo Anson Lo Hon-ting (; born 7 July 1995) is a Hong Kong singer, dancer and actor. In 2018, Lo made his debut as a member of the Hong Kong boy group Mirror (group), Mirror. Lo made his solo debut in February 2020 with his first single "A Lifelong ...
is in Yuen Long. The same school is also appeared in the 2022 Hong Kong drama '' Into the Wild'' by
ViuTV ViuTV is a Cantonese language Generalist channel, general entertainment television channel in Hong Kong operated by HK Television Entertainment (HKTVE), whose parent company PCCW also operates the IPTV platform Now TV (Hong Kong), Now TV and the ...
starring Stanley Yau.


See also

* 2019 Yuen Long attack


References

{{Coord, 22, 26, 40.09, N, 114, 01, 32.88, E, region:HK, display=title Yuen Long District