''Uromyces'' is a

genus Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ...

rust fungi Rusts are fungal plant pathogens of the order Pucciniales (previously known as Uredinales) causing plant fungal diseases. An estimated 168 rust genera and approximately 7,000 species, more than half of which belong to the genus ''Puccinia'', are ...

in the family

Pucciniaceae The Pucciniaceae are a family of rust fungi that cause plant diseases, mainly on cereals such as wheat. The family contains over 4900 species: many of them in the type genus ''Puccinia''. Genera Genera in the Pucciniaceae (with estimated numbers ...

. The genus was described by

Franz Unger Franz Joseph Andreas Nicolaus Unger (30 November 1800 in ''Gut Amthof'' near village Leutschach in Styria, Austria – 13 February 1870 in Graz) was an Austrian botanist, paleontologist and plant physiologist. Life and work Initially, U ...

in his 1833 work ''Die Exantheme der Pflanzen''. They have a worldwide distribution but large occurrences happen in North America and Europe. The genus is the second-largest

plant pathogen Plant diseases are diseases in plants caused by pathogens (infectious organisms) and environmental conditions (physiological factors). Organisms that cause infectious disease include fungi, oomycetes, bacteria, viruses, viroids, virus-like orga ...

ic rust genus, which is responsible for various plant affecting diseases, and it has major effects on both agricultural and non-agricultural plants. The genus is generally characterized by its unicellular

teliospores Teliospore (sometimes called teleutospore) is the thick-walled resting spore of some fungi ( rusts and smuts), from which the basidium arises. Development They develop in '' telia'' (sing. ''telium'' or ''teliosorus''). The telial host is the p ...

(thick-walled resting spores) that help to characterize it and distinguish it from another important and large rust genus, ''

Puccinia ''Puccinia'' is a genus of fungi. All species in this genus are obligate plant pathogens and are known as rusts. The genus contains about 4000 species. The genus name of ''Puccinia'' is in honour of Tommaso Puccini (died 1735), who was an Ital ...

''. The ''Uromyces'' fungal species have been recorded on various host plants belonging to a wide range of the families, including

Asteraceae Asteraceae () is a large family (biology), family of flowering plants that consists of over 32,000 known species in over 1,900 genera within the Order (biology), order Asterales. The number of species in Asteraceae is rivaled only by the Orchi ...

Euphorbiaceae Euphorbiaceae (), the spurge family, is a large family of flowering plants. In English, they are also commonly called euphorbias, which is also the name of Euphorbia, the type genus of the family. Most spurges, such as ''Euphorbia paralias'', ar ...

Fabaceae Fabaceae () or Leguminosae,International Code of Nomen ...

Liliaceae The lily family, Liliaceae, consists of about 15 genera and 610 species of flowering plants within the order Liliales. They are monocotyledonous, perennial, herbaceous, often bulbous geophytes. Plants in this family have evolved with a fai ...

Loranthaceae Loranthaceae, commonly known as the showy mistletoes, is a family of flowering plants. It consists of about 75 genera and 1,000 species of woody plants, many of them hemiparasites. The three terrestrial species are '' Nuytsia floribunda'' (the ...

, and

Poaceae Poaceae ( ), also called Gramineae ( ), is a large and nearly ubiquitous family of monocotyledonous flowering plants commonly known as grasses. It includes the cereal grasses, bamboos, the grasses of natural grassland and species cultivate ...

. Family Loranthaceae is listed to be the most affected by the fungus.

Species

, the

GBIF The Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) is an international organisation that focuses on making scientific data on biodiversity available via the Internet using web services. The data are provided by many institutions from around the ...

lists up to 1,048 species, while

Species Fungorum ''Index Fungorum'' is an international project to index all formal names (Binomial nomenclature, scientific names) in the fungus Kingdom (biology), kingdom. As of 2015, the project is based at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, one of three partn ...

lists about 1,239 species (with many former species). The

Encyclopedia of Life The Encyclopedia of Life (EOL) is a free, online encyclopedia intended to document all of the 1.9 million living species known to science. It aggregates content to form "pages" for every known species. Content is compiled from existing trusted ...

lists 969 species. Selected species in the genus ''Uromyces'' include: * ''

Uromyces apiosporus ''Uromyces apiosporus'' is a fungal species and plant pathogen infecting ''Primula ''Primula'' () is a genus of herbaceous plant, herbaceous flowering plants in the family (biology), family Primulaceae. They include the primrose (''Primula vul ...

'' * ''

Uromyces appendiculatus ''Uromyces'' is a genus of rust fungi in the family Pucciniaceae. The genus was described by Franz Unger in his 1833 work ''Die Exantheme der Pflanzen''. They have a worldwide distribution but large occurrences happen in North America and Europe. ...

'' * ''

Uromyces betae ''Uromyces betae'' is a fungal species and plant pathogen infecting beet (''Beta vulgaris''). It was originally published as ''Uredo betae'' before it was transferred to the ''Uromyces'' genus. Sugar beet rust was first described in Canada in ...

'' - beet rust * ''

Uromyces beticola ''Uromyces betae'' is a fungal species and plant pathogen infecting beet (''Beta vulgaris''). It was originally published as ''Uredo betae'' before it was transferred to the ''Uromyces'' genus. Sugar beet rust was first described in Canada in ...

'' - bean rust * ''

Uromyces ciceris-arietini ''Uromyces ciceris-arietini'' is a fungal species and plant pathogen infecting chickpea (''Cicer arietinum''). ''Uromyces ciceris-arietini'' was first found on chickpeas in Australia in 1983, and then in the US in 1987. It also affects 29 specie ...

'' - chickpea rust * ''

Uromyces dianthi ''Uromyces dianthi'' is a fungus species and plant pathogen infecting carnations and ''Euphorbia''. It was originally published as ''Uredo dianthi'' by mycologist Christiaan Hendrik Persoon in 1801, before it was transferred to the ''Uromyces'' ...

'' carnation rust * ''

Uromyces elegans ''Uromyces elegans'' is a species of rust fungi in the family Pucciniaceae. References * Saccardo's Syll. fung. XI: xiii; XII: 819; XIV: 272 External links * ''Aecidium elegans''at MycoBank MycoBank is an online database, documenting new m ...

'' * ''

Uromyces euphorbiae ''Uromyces euphorbiae'' is a fungal species (in the Pucciniaceae family and Pucciniales order) and a plant pathogen infecting poinsettias. It was originally found on the leaves of '' Euphorbia hypericifolia'' in New York, USA. The fungus can be ...

'' * ''

Uromyces graminis ''Uromyces graminis'' is a plant pathogen infecting carrot The carrot ('' Daucus carota'' subsp. ''sativus'') is a root vegetable, typically orange in colour, though heirloom variants including purple, black, red, white, and yellow cult ...

'' * ''

Uromyces inconspicuus ''Uromyces inconspicuus'' is a plant pathogen infecting hemp Hemp, or industrial hemp, is a plant in the botanical class of ''Cannabis sativa'' cultivars grown specifically for industrial and consumable use. It can be used to make a wide ...

'' * ''

Uromyces medicaginis ''Uromyces striatus'' is a fungal species and plant pathogen causing rust in ''Medicago'' species. It was originally found on the leaves of ''Genista tinctoria'', ''Medicago sativa'', '' Medicago falcata'', '' Medicago media'', ''Medicago lupul ...

'' * ''

Uromyces musae ''Uromyces musae'' is a fungal species and plant pathogen infecting bananas. It was found originally on the leaves of ''Musa'' species in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Africa. It is described as forming rusty-brown to almost black, eru ...

'' * '' Uromyces oblongus'' * ''

Uromyces pisi-sativi ''Uromyces pisi-sativi'' is a fungal species and plant pathogen. It was originally found on Pea (''Pisum sativum'') but it is found on a wide range of host plants. It causes small orange dots on the lower side of leaves on ''Euphorbia cyparissia ...

'' - pea rust * '' Uromyces straitus'' - alfalfa or lucerne rust * '' Uromyces trifolii-repentis'' - clover rust * '' Uromyces vignae'' - cowpea rust

References

External links

Species Profile - Gladiolus Rust (''Uromyces transversalis'')
National Invasive Species Information Center,

United States National Agricultural Library The United States National Agricultural Library (NAL) is one of the world's largest agricultural research libraries, and serves as a national library of the United States and as the library of the United States Department of Agriculture. Locate ...

. Lists general information and resources for Gladiolus Rust. Fungal plant pathogens and diseases Basidiomycota genera {{fungus-plant-disease-stub