''Urolophus'' is a
genus
Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus com ...
of
round rays mostly native to the western
Pacific Ocean
The Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest of Earth's five oceanic divisions. It extends from the Arctic Ocean in the north to the Southern Ocean (or, depending on definition, to Antarctica) in the south, and is bounded by the continen ...
and the
Indian Ocean
The Indian Ocean is the third-largest of the world's five oceanic divisions, covering or ~19.8% of the water on Earth's surface. It is bounded by Asia to the north, Africa to the west and Australia to the east. To the south it is bounded by th ...
, though one species occurs in the Pacific waters of the
Mexican
Mexican may refer to:
Mexico and its culture
*Being related to, from, or connected to the country of Mexico, in North America
** People
*** Mexicans, inhabitants of the country Mexico and their descendants
*** Mexica, ancient indigenous people ...
coast. Müller and Henle erected ''Urolophus'' in an 1837 issue of ''Bericht Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin''.
The name is derived from the
Greek
Greek may refer to:
Greece
Anything of, from, or related to Greece, a country in Southern Europe:
*Greeks, an ethnic group.
*Greek language, a branch of the Indo-European language family.
**Proto-Greek language, the assumed last common ancestor ...
''oura'', meaning "tail", and ''lophos'', meaning "crest".
In ''Urolophus'', the outer rims of the nostrils are not enlarged into lobes, but may form a small knob at the back.
A fossil species, ''Urolophus crassicaudatus'', has been found in
Monte Bolca
Monte Bolca is a lagerstätte near Verona, Italy that was one of the first fossil sites with high quality preservation known to Europeans, and is still an important source of fossils from the Eocene.
Geology
Monte Bolca was uplifted from the T ...
, northern Italy, in deposits dating back to the late
Ypresian
In the geologic timescale the Ypresian is the oldest age (geology), age or lowest stage (stratigraphy), stratigraphic stage of the Eocene. It spans the time between , is preceded by the Thanetian Age (part of the Paleocene) and is followed by th ...
stage of the
Eocene
The Eocene ( ) Epoch is a geological epoch (geology), epoch that lasted from about 56 to 33.9 million years ago (mya). It is the second epoch of the Paleogene Period (geology), Period in the modern Cenozoic Era (geology), Era. The name ''Eocene' ...
epoch
In chronology and periodization, an epoch or reference epoch is an instant in time chosen as the origin of a particular calendar era. The "epoch" serves as a reference point from which time is measured.
The moment of epoch is usually decided by ...
(49
Ma); however, Marramà ''et al.'' (2020) transferred this species to the genus ''
Arechia
''Arechia'' is an extinct genus of stingaree from the Eocene epoch. It is the oldest known stingaree genus, though molecular data suggests they diverged from Butterfly rays about 75 million years ago or from Deepwater stingrays around the ti ...
''.
Species
There are currently 21 recognized species in this genus:
* ''
Urolophus aurantiacus
The sepia stingray (''Urolophus aurantiacus'') is a species of fish in the family Urolophidae. It is found in Japan, Taiwan, Vietnam, possibly North Korea, and possibly South Korea. It is threatened by habitat loss
Habitat destruction (als ...
''
J. P. Müller & Henle Henle can refer to:
* Friedrich Gustav Jakob Henle, a German physician, pathologist and anatomist (1809–1885)
** Loop of Henle in the kidney, named after Henle
*Fritz Henle, a photographer, known as "Mr. Rollei" for his use of the 2.25" square for ...
, 1841 (Sepia stingray)
* †''
Urolophus bicuneatus
''Urolophus'' is a genus of round rays mostly native to the western Pacific Ocean and the Indian Ocean, though one species occurs in the Pacific waters of the Mexican coast. Müller and Henle erected ''Urolophus'' in an 1837 issue of ''Bericht ...
''
Noetling, 1885
* ''
Urolophus bucculentus
The sandyback stingaree or great stingaree (''Urolophus bucculentus'') is a little-known species of stingray in the family Urolophidae, endemic to southeastern Australia. It is generally found offshore around the edge of the continental shel ...
''
W. J. Macleay, 1884 (Sandyback stingaree)
* ''
Urolophus circularis
The circular stingaree (''Urolophus circularis'') is an uncommon, little-known species of stingray in the family Urolophidae. Endemic to the coastal waters of southwestern Australia, it prefers a rocky and/or vegetated habitat. Reaching in le ...
''
McKay
McKay, MacKay or Mackay is a Scottish / Irish surname. The last phoneme in the name is traditionally pronounced to rhyme with 'eye', but in some parts of the world this has come to rhyme with 'hey'. In Scotland, it corresponds to Clan Mackay. Not ...
, 1966 (Circular stingaree)
* ''
Urolophus cruciatus
The crossback stingaree or banded stingaree (''Urolophus cruciatus'') is a species of stingray in the family Urolophidae. It is endemic to southeastern Australia, mainly off Victoria and Tasmania but also marginally to New South Wales and Sou ...
''
Lacepède, 1804 (Crossback stingaree)
* ''
Urolophus deforgesi
The Chesterfield Island stingaree or Deforge's stingaree (''Urolophus deforgesi'') is a little-known species of stingray in the family Urolophidae, endemic to the continental slope off the Chesterfield Islands. Reaching long, it has a rounded, ...
''
Séret & Last
A last is a mechanical form shaped like a human foot. It is used by shoemakers and cordwainers in the manufacture and repair of shoes. Lasts typically come in pairs and have been made from various materials, including hardwoods, cast iron, and ...
, 2003 (Chesterfield Island stingaree)
* ''
Urolophus expansus
The wide stingaree (''Urolophus expansus'') is a little-known species of stingray in the family Urolophidae, found off southwestern Australia. It typically occurs over sand in water deep around the edge of the continental shelf. This specie ...
''
McCulloch
McCulloch is a Scottish surname. It's a variation of the Northern Irish surname McCullough. It's commonly found in Galloway.
Notable people with the surname include:
*Alan McCulloch (politician), New Zealand politician
*Alan McLeod McCulloch ( ...
, 1916 (Wide stingaree)
* ''
Urolophus flavomosaicus
The patchwork stingaree (''Urolophus flavomosaicus'') is a little-known species of stingray in the family Urolophidae, with a disjunct distribution off northwestern and northeastern Australia. It usually inhabits the outer continental shelf ...
''
Last
A last is a mechanical form shaped like a human foot. It is used by shoemakers and cordwainers in the manufacture and repair of shoes. Lasts typically come in pairs and have been made from various materials, including hardwoods, cast iron, and ...
& M. F. Gomon, 1987 (Patchwork stingaree)
* ''
Urolophus gigas
The spotted stingaree (''Urolophus gigas'') is an uncommon species of stingray in the family Urolophidae, endemic to shallow waters along the coast of southern Australia. It favors rocky reefs and seagrass beds. This species can be readily iden ...
''
T. D. Scott, 1954 (Spotted stingaree)
* ''
Urolophus javanicus
The Java stingaree (''Urolophus javanicus'') is a species of stingray in the family Urolophidae, known only from a single female specimen long caught off Jakarta, Indonesia. This species is characterized by an oval-shaped pectoral fin disc lon ...
''
E. von Martens, 1864 (Java stingaree)
* ''
Urolophus kaianus''
Günther, 1880 (Kai stingaree)
* ''
Urolophus kapalensis''
Yearsley
Yearsley is a small village and civil parish in the district of Hambleton in North Yorkshire, England. The population of the civil parish was less than 100 at the 2011 Census. Details are included in the civil parish of Brandsby-cum-Stearsby. ...
& Last
A last is a mechanical form shaped like a human foot. It is used by shoemakers and cordwainers in the manufacture and repair of shoes. Lasts typically come in pairs and have been made from various materials, including hardwoods, cast iron, and ...
, 2006 (Kapala stingaree)
* ''
Urolophus lobatus
The lobed stingaree (''Urolophus lobatus'') is a common species of Myliobatiformes, stingray in the family (biology), family Urolophidae, endemism, endemic to southern Western Australia in shallow, inshore sand and seagrass habitats. This speci ...
''
McKay
McKay, MacKay or Mackay is a Scottish / Irish surname. The last phoneme in the name is traditionally pronounced to rhyme with 'eye', but in some parts of the world this has come to rhyme with 'hey'. In Scotland, it corresponds to Clan Mackay. Not ...
, 1966 (Lobed stingaree)
* ''
Urolophus mitosis''
Last
A last is a mechanical form shaped like a human foot. It is used by shoemakers and cordwainers in the manufacture and repair of shoes. Lasts typically come in pairs and have been made from various materials, including hardwoods, cast iron, and ...
& M. F. Gomon, 1987 (Mitotic stingaree)
* ''
Urolophus neocaledoniensis''
Séret & Last
A last is a mechanical form shaped like a human foot. It is used by shoemakers and cordwainers in the manufacture and repair of shoes. Lasts typically come in pairs and have been made from various materials, including hardwoods, cast iron, and ...
, 2003 (New Caledonian stingaree)
* ''
Urolophus orarius''
Last
A last is a mechanical form shaped like a human foot. It is used by shoemakers and cordwainers in the manufacture and repair of shoes. Lasts typically come in pairs and have been made from various materials, including hardwoods, cast iron, and ...
& M. F. Gomon, 1987 (Coastal stingaree)
* ''
Urolophus papilio''
Séret & Last
A last is a mechanical form shaped like a human foot. It is used by shoemakers and cordwainers in the manufacture and repair of shoes. Lasts typically come in pairs and have been made from various materials, including hardwoods, cast iron, and ...
, 2003 (Butterfly stingaree)
* ''
Urolophus paucimaculatus''
J. M. Dixon, 1969 (Sparsely-spotted stingaree)
* ''
Urolophus piperatus''
Séret & Last
A last is a mechanical form shaped like a human foot. It is used by shoemakers and cordwainers in the manufacture and repair of shoes. Lasts typically come in pairs and have been made from various materials, including hardwoods, cast iron, and ...
, 2003 (Coral Sea stingaree)
* ''
Urolophus sufflavus''
Whitley, 1929 (Yellowback stingaree)
* ''
Urolophus viridis''
McCulloch
McCulloch is a Scottish surname. It's a variation of the Northern Irish surname McCullough. It's commonly found in Galloway.
Notable people with the surname include:
*Alan McCulloch (politician), New Zealand politician
*Alan McLeod McCulloch ( ...
, 1916 (Greenback stingaree)
* ''
Urolophus westraliensis''
Last
A last is a mechanical form shaped like a human foot. It is used by shoemakers and cordwainers in the manufacture and repair of shoes. Lasts typically come in pairs and have been made from various materials, including hardwoods, cast iron, and ...
& M. F. Gomon, 1987 (Brown stingaree)
See also
*
List of prehistoric cartilaginous fish
This list of prehistoric cartilaginous fish genera is an attempt to create a comprehensive listing of all genera that have ever been included in the class chondrichthyes ''and'' are known from the fossil record. This list excludes purely vernacula ...
References
Ray genera
Marine fish genera
Taxonomy articles created by Polbot
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