Ugolino Martelli (1860–1934) was an Italian botanist, biologist, and

mycologist Mycology is the branch of biology concerned with the study of fungus, fungi, including their genetics, genetic and biochemistry, biochemical properties, their Taxonomy (biology), taxonomy and ethnomycology, their use to humans, including as a so ...

. Martelli is known for his studies of and contributions to the systematics of the tropical genus ''

Pandanus ''Pandanus'' is a genus of monocots with some 750 accepted species. They are palm-like, dioecious trees and shrubs native to the Old World tropics and subtropics. The greatest number of species are found in Madagascar and Malaysia. Common names ...

'' and his taxonomic definition of the

flora Flora is all the plant life present in a particular region or time, generally the naturally occurring (indigenous) native plants. Sometimes bacteria and fungi are also referred to as flora, as in the terms '' gut flora'' or '' skin flora''. E ...

Sardinia Sardinia ( ; it, Sardegna, label=Italian, Corsican and Tabarchino ; sc, Sardigna , sdc, Sardhigna; french: Sardaigne; sdn, Saldigna; ca, Sardenya, label=Algherese and Catalan) is the second-largest island in the Mediterranean Sea, after ...

. He also specialized in studies of the flora of Tuscany and Malaysia. Martelli's biological research led to the discovery of ''Felis lunensis'' ( Martelli's Cat), an

extinct Extinction is the termination of a kind of organism or of a group of kinds (taxon), usually a species. The moment of extinction is generally considered to be the death of the last individual of the species, although the capacity to breed and ...

felid Felidae () is the family of mammals in the order Carnivora colloquially referred to as cats, and constitutes a clade. A member of this family is also called a felid (). The term "cat" refers both to felids in general and specifically to the dom ...

of the subfamily

Felinae The Felinae are a subfamily of the family Felidae. This subfamily comprises the small cats having a bony hyoid, because of which they are able to purr but not roar. Other authors have proposed an alternative definition for this subfamily: as c ...

. The

holotype A holotype is a single physical example (or illustration) of an organism, known to have been used when the species (or lower-ranked taxon) was formally described. It is either the single such physical example (or illustration) or one of several ...

specimen was first described by Martelli in 1906 and is now preserved in the collections of the

University of Florence The University of Florence (Italian: ''Università degli Studi di Firenze'', UniFI) is an Italian public research university located in Florence, Italy. It comprises 12 schools and has around 50,000 students enrolled. History The first universi ...

in Italy. His student

Odoardo Beccari Odoardo Beccari (16 November 1843 – 25 October 1920) was an Italian botanist famous for his discoveries in Indonesia, particularly New Guinea, and Australia. He has been called the greatest botanist to ever study Malesia. His author abbreviat ...

, used Martelli's herbarium for his own research on the definition of the

monocot Monocotyledons (), commonly referred to as monocots, (Lilianae ''sensu'' Chase & Reveal) are grass and grass-like flowering plants (angiosperms), the seeds of which typically contain only one embryonic leaf, or cotyledon. They constitute one of ...

genus ''

''. Martelli was the director of the Botanical Garden of Pisa from 1929 to 1930. In 1905 in Florence, Martelli founded the ''Webbia Journal of Plant Taxonomy and Geography''. Martelli named the journal in honor of

Philip Barker Webb Philip Barker Webb (10 July 1793 – 31 August 1854) was an English botanist. Life Webb was born to a wealthy, aristocratic family; his father was the lord of the manors of Witley and Milford, Surrey, Milford, in Surrey, England. Webb was e ...

(1793–1854), a friend of

Filippo Parlatore Filippo Parlatore ( Palermo, 8 August 1816 – Florence, 9 September 1877) was an Italian botanist. He studied medicine at Palermo, but practiced only for a short time, his chief activity being during the cholera epidemic of 1837. Although at ...

. The genus ''

Martellidendron ''Martellidendron'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Pandanaceae, native to the Seychelles and Madagascar. They resemble palms, but are not closely related to palms. The genus ''Martellidendron'', was previously recognized as a sect ...

'' in the family

Pandanaceae Pandanaceae is a family of flowering plants native to the tropics and subtropics of the Old World, from West Africa through the Pacific. It contains 982 known species in five genera, of which the type genus, ''Pandanus'', is the most important, wi ...

, previously recognized as a

section Section, Sectioning or Sectioned may refer to: Arts, entertainment and media * Section (music), a complete, but not independent, musical idea * Section (typography), a subdivision, especially of a chapter, in books and documents ** Section sign ...

of the genus ''Pandanus'', was separated in 2003 on the basis of phylogenetic studies that used

chloroplast A chloroplast () is a type of membrane-bound organelle known as a plastid that conducts photosynthesis mostly in plant and algal cells. The photosynthetic pigment chlorophyll captures the energy from sunlight, converts it, and stores it in ...

DNA sequence data. The genus was originally named by

Rodolfo Emilio Giuseppe Pichi-Sermolli Rodolfo Emilio Giuseppe Pichi-Sermolli (24 February 1912 – 22 April 2005) was an Italian botanist.Acanthaceae Acanthaceae is a family (the acanthus family) of dicotyledonous flowering plants containing almost 250 genera and about 2500 species. Most are tropical herbs, shrubs, or twining vines; some are epiphytes. Only a few species are distributed in te ...

:
''Blepharis hirta'' Martelli—Fl. Bogos. (1886) 65. (now ''

Blepharis linariifolia ''Blepharis'' is a genus of plant in family Acanthaceae. It contains around 126 species found in seasonally dry to arid habitats from Africa over Arabia to Southeast Asia. In section ''Acanthodium'', there are 13–15 species that use the carbo ...

Pers. Christiaan Hendrik Persoon (1 February 1761 – 16 November 1836) was a German mycologist who made additions to Linnaeus' mushroom taxonomy. Early life Persoon was born in South Africa at the Cape of Good Hope, the third child of an imm ...

)
''Calophanes fasciculiflora'' Martelli—Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital. xx. (1888) (now ''

Dyschoriste nagchana ''Dyschoriste'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Acanthaceae. Members of the genus are commonly known as snakeherb. Etymology The name comes from the Greek '' δυσ'', ''poorly'', and '' χωριστός'', ''to split'', in referenc ...

'' (Nees) Bennet
''

Hygrophila coerulea Hygrophila may refer to: * Hygrophila (gastropod) Hygrophila is a taxonomic superorder of air-breathing freshwater snails, aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusks within the clade Panpulmonata. MolluscaBase eds. (2020). MolluscaBase. Hygrophi ...

'' Martelli—Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital. xx. 390. 1888
(currently unresolved)
br /> ''Hypoestes tenuispica'' Delile ex Martelli—Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital. xx. (1888) 395
now synonymous
with ''

Hypoestes forskaolii ''Hypoestes forskaolii'' is an annual or perennial herb that grows up to tall with its stem and leaves being nearly glabrous. It has pale pink or white flowers. Habitat ''Hypoestes forskaolii'' is widely distributed throughout Oman, Yemen, Saud ...

'' subsp. ''forskaolii'').
''Justicia aethiopica'' Martelli -- Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital. xx. (1888) 393.
now ''Justicia matammensis'' (Schweinf.) Oliv.)
br /> ''

Justicia variegata Justicia may refer to: * ''Justicia'' (album), by Eddie Palmieri, 1969 * Justicia (Madrid), a ward in the Madrid city center * ''Justicia'' (plant), a genus of flowering plants in the family Acanthaceae * Justicia mayor, a 19th century Spanish ...

'' Martelli—Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital. xx. (1888) 393. ''Portions of this article were translated from the corresponding article in the Spanish Wikipedia.''

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Martelli, Ugolino 1860 births 1934 deaths Italian biologists 19th-century Italian botanists 20th-century Italian botanists Italian mycologists