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Pandanaceae
Pandanaceae is a family of flowering plants native to the tropics and subtropics of the Old World, from West Africa through the Pacific. It contains 982 known species in five genera, of which the type genus, ''Pandanus'', is the most important, with species like ''Pandanus amaryllifolius'' and karuka (''Pandanus julianettii'') being important sources of food. The family likely originated during the Late Cretaceous. Characteristics Pandanaceae includes trees, shrubs, lianas, vines, epiphytes, and perennial herbs. Stems may be simple or bifurcately branched, and may have aerial prop roots. The stems bear prominent leaf scars. The leaves are very long and narrow, sheathing, simple, undivided, with parallel veins; the leaf margins and abaxial midribs are often prickly. The plants are dioecious. The inflorescences are terminally borne racemes, spikes or umbels, with subtended spathes, which may be brightly colored. The flowers are minute and lack perianths. Male flowers contain nu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Benstonea
''Benstonea'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Pandanaceae. It was formerly classified as ''Pandanus'' subgenus ''Acrostigma'', but in 2012 was recognized as a distinct genus based on morphology and DNA sequencing. ''Benstonea'' is distributed from India to Fiji with centres of diversity in Borneo, Peninsular Malaysia and New Guinea.Callmander, M.W. et al. 2013. Phytotaxa 112(2): 57-60 ; Species Gallery Naturalis Biodiversity Center - L.1195164 - Benstonea dumetorum (Holttum and H.St.John) Callm. and Buerki - Pandanaceae - Plant type specimen.jpeg, Herbarium A herbarium (plural: herbaria) is a collection of preserved plant specimens and associated data used for scientific study. The specimens may be whole plants or plant parts; these will usually be in dried form mounted on a sheet of paper (called ... sheet of an isotype of ''Benstonea dumetorum'' (Holttum & H.St.John) Callm. & Buerki Naturalis Biodiversity Center - L.1195321 - Benstonea korthalsii (Sol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Karuka
The karuka (''Pandanus julianettii'', also called karuka nut and ''Pandanus'' nut) is a species of tree in the family Pandanaceae and an important regional food crop in New Guinea. The nuts are more nutritious than coconuts, and are so popular that villagers in the highlands will move their entire households closer to trees for the harvest season. Names The specific epithet "''julianettii''" honors naturalist Amedeo Giulianetti, who found the original type specimens. is a loanword from Tok Pisin. Sometimes the tree is called '' or 'karuka nut pandanus'. The term 'karuka' can apply to both ''Pandanus julianettii'' and '' P. brosimos'', though the latter is usually called 'wild karuka'. Both species, as well as '' P. dubius'', can be called 'pandanus nut'. In addition to ''P. brosimos'', 'wild karuka' can also refer to '' P. antaresensis'', '' P. iwen'', and '' P. limbatus'', but nuts from these trees are a much smaller part of the local diet. In contexts where multiple k ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pandanus
''Pandanus'' is a genus of monocots with some 750 accepted species. They are palm-like, dioecious trees and shrubs native to the Old World tropics and subtropics. The greatest number of species are found in Madagascar and Malaysia. Common names include pandan, screw palm, and screw pine. They are classified in the order Pandanales, family Pandanaceae. Description Often called pandanus palms, these plants are not closely related to palm trees. The species vary in size from small shrubs less than tall, to medium-sized trees tall, typically with a broad canopy, heavy fruit, and moderate growth rate. The trunk is stout, wide-branching, and ringed with many leaf scars. Mature plants can have branches. Depending on the species, the trunk can be smooth, rough, or warty. The roots form a pyramidal tract to hold the trunk. They commonly have many thick stilt roots near the base, which provide support as the tree grows top-heavy with leaves, fruit, and branches. These roots are adven ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Freycinetia
''Freycinetia'' is one of the five extant genera in the flowering plant family Pandanaceae. The genus comprises approximately 180–200 species, most of them climbers. The species are distributed through the tropics and subtropics of South Asia and the western Pacific Ocean, from Sri Lanka eastwards through the mainland of Southeast Asia to the Melanesia floristic region, and southwards to northern Australia (Queensland, Northern Territory, northern New South Wales), Norfolk Island, and New Zealand. '' F. banksii'' is the only extant New Zealand member of the family Pandanaceae, and is found naturally as far south as the temperate South Island. They have been found growing in tropical forests, coastal forests, humid mountain forests and associated biomes, from sea level to mountains cloud forests. The genus was named by Charles Gaudichaud-Beaupré for Admiral Louis de Freycinet, a 19th-century French explorer. Selected species *'' Freycinetia aculeata'' Sinaga ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pandanus Amaryllifolius
''Pandanus amaryllifolius'' is a tropical plant in the ''Pandanus'' (screwpine) genus, which is commonly known as pandan (; ). It has fragrant leaves which are used widely for flavouring in the cuisines of Southeast Asia and South Asia. Occurrence and habitat ''Pandanus amaryllifolius'' is a true cultigen, and is believed to have been domesticated in ancient times. It is sterile and can only reproduce vegetatively through suckers or cuttings. It was first described from specimens from the Maluku Islands, and the rare presence of male flowers in these specimens may indicate that it is the origin of the species. However, as no other wild specimens have been found, this is still conjecture. The plant is grown widely throughout Southeast Asia and South Asia. Botanical features The characteristic aroma of pandan is caused by the aroma compound 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline, found in the lower epidermal papillae; the compound gives white bread, jasmine rice, and basmati rice (as well as brea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sararanga
''Sararanga'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Pandanaceae, with two species that occur in the Philippines, northern part of New Guinea, the Bismarck Archipelago and Solomon Islands. They are palm-like dioecious trees and shrubs, often called palms, but not closely related to palm trees. The scientific name comes from the species of these plants named ''sararang'' in the Solomon Islands. Species *'' Sararanga philippinensis'' Merr. Elmer Drew Merrill (October 15, 1876 – February 25, 1956) was an American botanist and taxonomist. He spent more than twenty years in the Philippines where he became a recognized authority on the flora of the Asia-Pacific region. Through ..., Publ. Bur. Sci. Gov. Lab. 29: 5 (1905). *'' Sararanga sinuosa'' Hemsl., J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 30: 216 (1894). References External links Images Google {{Taxonbar, from=Q7423175 Pandanales genera Pandanaceae ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pandanus Tectorius
''Pandanus tectorius'' is a species of ''Pandanus'' (screwpine) that is native to Malesia, Papuasia, eastern Australia, and the Pacific Islands. It grows in the coastal lowlands typically near the edge of the ocean. Common names in English include thatch screwpine, Tahitian screwpine, hala tree ( in Hawaiian) and pandanus. The edible fruit is sometimes known as hala fruit. Description ''P. tectorius'' is a small tree that grows upright to reach in height. The single trunk is slender with brown ringed bark. It is spiny, grows to 4.5–11 m (15–35 ft) in width, and forks at a height of . It is supported by aerial roots (prop roots) that firmly anchors the tree to the ground. Roots sometimes grow along the branch, and they grow at wide angles in proportion to the trunk. 林投 20190525170309.jpg, Growth habit 林投 20190530190950.jpg, Aerial roots 林投帶刺氣生根與新葉 20190525170359.jpg, Spiny aerial roots and leaflets Pandanus tectorius fruit.jpg, Fruit showin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Martellidendron
''Martellidendron'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Pandanaceae, native to the Seychelles and Madagascar. They resemble palms, but are not closely related to palms. The genus ''Martellidendron'', was previously recognized as a section of the genus ''Pandanus'' in 1951 by Rodolfo Emilio Giuseppe Pichi-Sermolli, Then as a subgenus in 1974. It was finally separated out in 2003 on the basis of phylogenetic studies that used chloroplast DNA sequence data. The genus name of ''Martellidendron'' is in honour of Ugolino Martelli (1860–1934), who was an Italian botanist, biologist, and mycologist, plus ''dendron'' the Greek word for "tree". The genus was circumscribed by Martin Wilhelm Callmander and Philippe Chassot in Taxon vol.52 (Issue 4) on page 755-762 in 2003. Morphology ''Martellidendron'' plants are dioecious, that is, the male and female flower are on separate plants. The male flowers have many stamens (as many as 100), and grow in an inflorescence that consis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leaf
A leaf ( : leaves) is any of the principal appendages of a vascular plant stem, usually borne laterally aboveground and specialized for photosynthesis. Leaves are collectively called foliage, as in "autumn foliage", while the leaves, stem, flower, and fruit collectively form the shoot system. In most leaves, the primary photosynthetic tissue is the palisade mesophyll and is located on the upper side of the blade or lamina of the leaf but in some species, including the mature foliage of ''Eucalyptus'', palisade mesophyll is present on both sides and the leaves are said to be isobilateral. Most leaves are flattened and have distinct upper (adaxial) and lower ( abaxial) surfaces that differ in color, hairiness, the number of stomata (pores that intake and output gases), the amount and structure of epicuticular wax and other features. Leaves are mostly green in color due to the presence of a compound called chlorophyll that is essential for photosynthesis as it absorbs light ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abaxial
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Plant Stem
A stem is one of two main structural axes of a vascular plant, the other being the root. It supports leaves, flowers and fruits, transports water and dissolved substances between the roots and the shoots in the xylem and phloem, stores nutrients, and produces new living tissue. The stem can also be called halm or haulm. The stem is normally divided into nodes and internodes: * The nodes hold one or more leaves, as well as buds which can grow into branches (with leaves, conifer cones, or flowers). Adventitious roots may also be produced from the nodes. * The internodes distance one node from another. The term "shoots" is often confused with "stems"; "shoots" generally refers to new fresh plant growth including both stems and other structures like leaves or flowers. In most plants stems are located above the soil surface but some plants have underground stems. Stems have four main functions which are: * Support for and the elevation of leaves, flowers, and fruits. The stems ke ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Perennial Plant
A perennial plant or simply perennial is a plant that lives more than two years. The term ('' per-'' + '' -ennial'', "through the years") is often used to differentiate a plant from shorter-lived annuals and biennials. The term is also widely used to distinguish plants with little or no woody growth (secondary growth in girth) from trees and shrubs, which are also technically perennials. Perennialsespecially small flowering plantsthat grow and bloom over the spring and summer, die back every autumn and winter, and then return in the spring from their rootstock or other overwintering structure, are known as herbaceous perennials. However, depending on the rigours of local climate (temperature, moisture, organic content in the soil, microorganisms), a plant that is a perennial in its native habitat, or in a milder garden, may be treated by a gardener as an annual and planted out every year, from seed, from cuttings, or from divisions. Tomato vines, for example, live several y ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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