The following is a timeline of

history History (derived ) is the systematic study and the documentation of the human activity. The time period of event before the History of writing#Inventions of writing, invention of writing systems is considered prehistory. "History" is an umbr ...

of the city of

Bydgoszcz Bydgoszcz ( , , ; german: Bromberg) is a city in northern Poland, straddling the meeting of the River Vistula with its left-bank tributary, the Brda. With a city population of 339,053 as of December 2021 and an urban agglomeration with more ...

Poland Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe. It is divided into 16 administrative provinces called voivodeships, covering an area of . Poland has a population of over 38 million and is the fifth-most populous ...

Prior to 20th century

*1037–1053 – Fortified stronghold built. *1346 – Bydgoszcz granted city rights by King

Casimir III the Great Casimir III the Great ( pl, Kazimierz III Wielki; 30 April 1310 – 5 November 1370) reigned as the King of Poland from 1333 to 1370. He also later became King of Ruthenia in 1340, and fought to retain the title in the Galicia-Volhynia Wars. He w ...

. *1520 –

Sejm of the Kingdom of Poland The General Sejm ( pl, Sejm walny, also translated as the General Parliament) was the parliament of the Kingdom of Poland. It had evolved from the earlier institution of '' Curia Regis'' (King's Council) and was one of the primary elements of de ...

held in Bydgoszcz. *1557 – Bernardine Church completed. *1594 – Mint established. *1619 – Jesuit school, present day High School No. 1, founded. *1645 – Poor Clares' Church completed. *1657 –

Treaty of Bydgoszcz The Treaty of Bromberg (, Latin: Pacta Bydgostensia) or Treaty of Bydgoszcz was a treaty between John II Casimir of Poland and Elector Frederick William of Brandenburg-Prussia that was ratified at Bromberg (Bydgoszcz) on 6 November 1657. The tr ...

signed. *1764 – Bydgoszcz became one of three seats of the

Crown Tribunal The Crown Tribunal ( pl, Trybunał Główny Koronny, la, Iudicium Ordinarium Generale Tribunalis Regni) was the highest appellate court in the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland for most cases. Exceptions were if a noble landowner was threatened with ...

for the Greater Poland Province after the Convocation Sejm of 1764. *1767 –

Józef Wybicki Józef Rufin Wybicki (; 29 September 1747 – 10 March 1822) was a Polish nobleman, jurist, poet, political and military activist of Kashubian descent. He is best remembered as the author of "Mazurek Dąbrowskiego" (), which was adopted as the ...

, author of the lyrics of the

national anthem of Poland ( " Dąbrowski's Mazurka"), in English officially known by its incipit Poland Is Not Yet Lost, is the national anthem of the Republic of Poland. The original lyrics were written by Józef Wybicki in Reggio Emilia, in Northern Italy, between ...

, works at the Crown Tribunal in Bydgoszcz. *1772 – Bydgoszcz annexed by

Prussia Prussia, , Old Prussian: ''Prūsa'' or ''Prūsija'' was a German state on the southeast coast of the Baltic Sea. It formed the German Empire under Prussian rule when it united the German states in 1871. It was ''de facto'' dissolved by an em ...

in the First Partition of Poland. *1794 – City recaptured by Poles led by General

Jan Henryk Dąbrowski Jan Henryk Dąbrowski (; also known as Johann Heinrich Dąbrowski (Dombrowski) in German and Jean Henri Dombrowski in French; 2 August 1755 – 6 June 1818) was a Polish general and statesman, widely respected after his death for his patri ...

during the

Kościuszko Uprising The Kościuszko Uprising, also known as the Polish Uprising of 1794 and the Second Polish War, was an uprising against the Russian Empire and the Kingdom of Prussia led by Tadeusz Kościuszko in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth and the Pr ...

. *1806 – Polish 6th

Uhlan Uhlans (; ; ; ; ) were a type of light cavalry, primarily armed with a lance. While first appearing in the cavalry of Lithuania and then Poland, Uhlans were quickly adopted by the mounted forces of other countries, including France, Russia, Pr ...

Regiment formed in Bydgoszcz. *1807 – Bydgoszcz becomes part of the

Duchy of Warsaw The Duchy of Warsaw ( pl, Księstwo Warszawskie, french: Duché de Varsovie, german: Herzogtum Warschau), also known as the Grand Duchy of Warsaw and Napoleonic Poland, was a French client state established by Napoleon Bonaparte in 1807, during ...

*1815 – Bydgoszcz re-annexed by Prussia. *1864 – National Bank of Poland building completed. *1871 – City becomes part of the

German Empire The German Empire (),Herbert Tuttle wrote in September 1881 that the term "Reich" does not literally connote an empire as has been commonly assumed by English-speaking people. The term literally denotes an empire – particularly a hereditary ...

. *1872 – Special educational centre for blind children founded. *1899 – Main Post Office completed.

20th century

1901–1939

*1906 – Municipal Market Hall and Copernicanum building completed. *1908 – Population: 57,696. *1919 – Bydgoszcz restored to

after the country regained independence. *1920 ** 24 January: 62th Infantry Regiment of the Polish Army stationed in Bydgoszcz. ** 14 May:

Polonia Bydgoszcz Polonia Bydgoszcz is a Polish sports club based in Bydgoszcz most known for its speedway team ŻKS Polonia Bydgoszcz which currently races in the 1. Liga. The club has won the Polish Speedway League Championship seven times, the latest in 2002, ...

football Football is a family of team sports that involve, to varying degrees, kicking a ball to score a goal. Unqualified, the word ''football'' normally means the form of football that is the most popular where the word is used. Sports commonly c ...

club (future multi-sports club) founded. ** 69th Infantry Regiment of the Polish Army stationed in Bydgoszcz. *1921 – 1 November: 62th Infantry Regiment of the Polish Army relocated from

Gniezno Gniezno (; german: Gnesen; la, Gnesna) is a city in central-western Poland, about east of Poznań. Its population in 2021 was 66,769, making it the sixth-largest city in the Greater Poland Voivodeship. One of the Piast dynasty's chief cities, ...

to Bydgoszcz. *1923 – Regional Museum in Bydgoszcz founded. *1929 – City hosts the

1929 European Rowing Championships The 1929 European Rowing Championships were rowing championships held on the Bydgoszcz Regatta Course in the Polish city of Bydgoszcz in the suburb of Łęgnowo. The competition was for men only and they competed in all seven Olympic boat classes ...

. *1930 – Botanic Garden of Casimir the Great University founded as the Municipal Botanic Garden.

World War II (1939–1945)

*1939 ** September: City is

occupied ' (Norwegian: ') is a Norwegian political thriller TV series that premiered on TV2 on 5 October 2015. Based on an original idea by Jo Nesbø, the series is co-created with Karianne Lund and Erik Skjoldbjærg. Season 2 premiered on 10 October 2 ...

Nazi Germany Nazi Germany (lit. "National Socialist State"), ' (lit. "Nazi State") for short; also ' (lit. "National Socialist Germany") (officially known as the German Reich from 1933 until 1943, and the Greater German Reich from 1943 to 1945) was ...

. ** 3 September: German diversion, resulting in Polish-German skirmishes, which were referred to as the ''

Bloody Sunday Bloody Sunday may refer to: Historical events Canada * Bloody Sunday (1923), a day of police violence during a steelworkers' strike for union recognition in Sydney, Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia * Bloody Sunday (1938), police violence agai ...

'' by

propaganda of Nazi Germany The propaganda used by the German Nazi Party in the years leading up to and during Adolf Hitler's dictatorship of Nazi Germany, Germany from 1933 to 1945 was a crucial instrument for acquiring and maintaining power, and for the implementation o ...

to serve as an excuse for planned German massacres of Polish residents. ** 3–10 September: Germans massacred 192

Poles Poles,, ; singular masculine: ''Polak'', singular feminine: ''Polka'' or Polish people, are a West Slavic nation and ethnic group, who share a common history, culture, the Polish language and are identified with the country of Poland in Ce ...

in the city. ** September: '' Einsatzgruppe IV'', ''

Einsatzkommando 16 During World War II, the Nazi German ' were a sub-group of the ' (mobile killing squads) – up to 3,000 men total – usually composed of 500–1,000 functionaries of the SS and Gestapo, whose mission was to exterminate Jews, Polish intelle ...

'' and SS-Totenkopf-Standarte "Brandenburg" Nazi paramilitary death squads entered the city. ** 10 September: Germans carried out mass searches of houses throughout the city. ** 24 September: Appointed German ''

Kreisleiter ''Kreisleiter'' (; "District Leader") was a Nazi Party political rank and title which existed as a political rank between 1930 and 1945 and as a Nazi Party title from as early as 1928. The position of ''Kreisleiter'' was first formed to provide ...

'' called local Polish city officials to a supposed formal meeting in the city hall, from where they were taken to a nearby forest and exterminated. He also ordered the execution of their family members to "avoid creating martyrs". ** September: Nazi prison and

forced labour Forced labour, or unfree labour, is any work relation, especially in modern or early modern history, in which people are employed against their will with the threat of destitution, detention, violence including death, or other forms of ex ...

camp established by the Germans at Wały Jagiellońskie Street. ** 22, 29 September: Massacres of 250 Polish activists previously imprisoned in a local ''

Selbstschutz ''Selbstschutz'' (German for "self-protection") is the name given to different iterations of ethnic-German self-protection units formed both after the First World War and in the lead-up to the Second World War. The first incarnation of the ''Selb ...

'' prison during the ''

Intelligenzaktion The ''Intelligenzaktion'' (), or the Intelligentsia mass shootings, was a series of mass murders which was committed against the Polish intelligentsia (teachers, priests, physicians, and other prominent members of Polish society) early in the ...

''. ** 30 September: Over 3,000 Poles imprisoned by the Germans in the city as of 30 September. ** Early October: Further mass arrests of over 2,000 Poles. ** 18–20 October: Further mass arrests of nearly 1,500 Poles, incl. activists and teachers, carried out by the German police, ''Einsatzkommando 16'' and ''Selbstschutz''. ** October–November: Large massacres of Poles and Jews carried out by the Germans in the Valley of Death. ** 1 November: City unilaterally annexed by Germany. ** 11 November: Further mass arrests of 3,800 Poles carried out by the German police and ''Selbstschutz''. ** 11 November: Public execution of pre-war Polish mayor Leon Barciszewski by the Germans. ** 17 November: Commander of the local SD- EK unit declared there was no more Polish

intelligentsia The intelligentsia is a status class composed of the university-educated people of a society who engage in the complex mental labours by which they critique, shape, and lead in the politics, policies, and culture of their society; as such, the in ...

capable of resistance in the city. ** November: ''

Einsatzgruppen (, ; also ' task forces') were (SS) paramilitary death squads of Nazi Germany that were responsible for mass murder, primarily by shooting, during World War II (1939–1945) in German-occupied Europe. The had an integral role in the im ...

''-operated penal camp established in the Jachcice district. ** November–December: First expulsions of Poles from Bydgoszcz. ** Massacres of over 1,400 Poles from Bydgoszcz, incl. teachers, activists, priests, old people, boy and girl scouts, gymnasium students, and children as young as 12, in the nearby village of

Tryszczyn Tryszczyn is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Koronowo, within Bydgoszcz County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. It lies south of Koronowo and north-west of Bydgoszcz. It is located in the historic reg ...

. **

Bromberg Dynamit Nobel AG Factory Bromberg Dynamit Nobel AG Factory also known as Bromberg DAG AG Factory or DAG Fabrik Bromberg was one of the largest arms factory of Dynamit Nobel during the Nazi Germany, Third Reich: covering , it was the second most extensive DAG factory at th ...

founded. *1940 ** January: Poles from Bydgoszcz among the victims of a massacre perpetrated by the ''Selbstschutz'' in Jastrzębie. ** May, September–October: Further expulsions of over 3,000 Poles from Bydgoszcz. *1941 ** January–February: Further expulsions of some 4,200 Poles from Bydgoszcz. ** 4 February: First mass transport of 524 Poles sent from Bydgoszcz to the

Potulice concentration camp Potulice concentration camp (german: UWZ Lager Lebrechtsdorf– Potulitz) was a concentration camp established and operated by Nazi Germany during World War II in Potulice near Nakło in the territory of occupied Poland. Until the spring of 1941 i ...

. ** May: Forced labour camp established by the Germans in the Smukała Dolna district. ** September: Transit camp for expelled Poles from the region established in Smukała. *1943 ** March: Rescue of some kidnapped Polish children from the

Zamość Zamość (; yi, זאמאשטש, Zamoshtsh; la, Zamoscia) is a historical city in southeastern Poland. It is situated in the southern part of Lublin Voivodeship, about from Lublin, from Warsaw. In 2021, the population of Zamość was 62,021. ...

region by local Poles. ** The local Polish resistance movement sheltered British prisoners of war who escaped from the German

Stalag XX-A Stalag XX-A was a German World War II prisoner-of-war camp located in Toruń in German-occupied Poland. It was not a single camp and contained as many as 20,000 men at its peak. The main camp was located in seven forts of the 19th-century Toruń ...

POW camp A prisoner-of-war camp (often abbreviated as POW camp) is a site for the containment of enemy fighters captured by a belligerent power in time of war. There are significant differences among POW camps, internment camps, and military prisons. P ...

, and facilitated their escapes to

neutral Neutral or neutrality may refer to: Mathematics and natural science Biology * Neutral organisms, in ecology, those that obey the unified neutral theory of biodiversity Chemistry and physics * Neutralization (chemistry), a chemical reaction in ...

Sweden Sweden, formally the Kingdom of Sweden,The United Nations Group of Experts on Geographical Names states that the country's formal name is the Kingdom of SwedenUNGEGN World Geographical Names, Sweden./ref> is a Nordic country located on ...

. *1944 ** 24 June: Explosion at the Dynamit Nobel AG Factory kills 15 people. ** 12 September:

Bromberg-Ost Bromberg-Ost (german: Konzentrationslager Bromberg-Ost) was the female subcamp of the German Nazi concentration camp KL Stutthof between 1944-1945, set up in the city of Bydgoszcz during the later stages of World War II. The mostly Jewish women ...

subcamp of the

Stutthof concentration camp Stutthof was a Nazi concentration camp established by Nazi Germany in a secluded, marshy, and wooded area near the village of Stutthof (now Sztutowo) 34 km (21 mi) east of the city of Danzig (Gdańsk) in the territory of the German-a ...

established by the Germans. *1945 – End of German occupation, Bydgoszcz restored to Poland.

1945–2000

*1949 – Polish Theatre in Bydgoszcz completed. *1951 – Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology founded. *1955 –

wins its first

Team Speedway Polish Championship The Team Speedway Polish Championship (Polish: ''Drużynowe Mistrzostwa Polski, DMP'') is an annual speedway event held each year in different Polish clubs organized by the Polish Motor Union (PZM) since 1948. The team winning the league is awarded ...

. *1969 –

Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz ( pl, Uniwersytet Kazimierza Wielkiego w Bydgoszczy; UKW), also known as the Casimir the Great University, is a state-funded university in Bydgoszcz, Poland. It was named after Casimir III the Great (''K ...

founded. *1978 – Andrzej Szwalbe Collection of Historical Pianos founded by

Andrzej Szwalbe Andrzej Jan Szwalbe (1923-2002) was a Polish lawyer, social and cultural activist and manager of the musical life in Bydgoszcz. He was the originator and creator of numerous artistic projects outside the region. In 1993, he has been designated ...

. *1981 –

Bydgoszcz events The Bydgoszcz events ( pl, wypadki bydgoskie)also referred to as the Bydgoszcz crisis (), or the Bydgoszcz provocation ()were a series of events in Poland culminating in the beatings of delegates of the Solidarity movement by the forces called ...

. *1984 –

Nicolaus Copernicus University Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz The Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz is an extension of the Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń (UMK), aimed at training students in medical sciences. The Toruń University ranking amon ...

founded. *1990 – First apartment block of the Independence Estate. *1993 –

Pałac Bydgoszcz Pałac Bydgoszcz is a Polish women's volleyball club based in Bydgoszcz and plays in the Tauron Liga. Previous names Due to sponsorship, the club have competed under the following names: * Pałac Bydgoszcz (1982–1993) * Gryf Bydgoszcz (1993–1 ...

wins its first Polish women's volleyball championship. *2000 – Andrzej Szwalbe Collection of Historical Pianos relocated from Bydgoszcz to the

Palaces and park ensemble in Ostromecko The Palaces and park complex in Ostromecko is a residential complex, including two palaces and a park, located in Ostromecko. It has been owned since 1996 by the city Bydgoszcz. The ensemble is a regional cultural and recreational centre. It hou ...

21st century

*2004 ** 24 February:

Roman Catholic Diocese of Bydgoszcz The Roman Catholic Diocese of Bydgoszcz ( la, Bydgostien(sis)) is a diocese located in the city of Bydgoszcz in the Ecclesiastical province of Gniezno in Poland. History * February 24, 2004: Established as Diocese of Bydgoscz Bishops * Jan Tyra ...

established. ** 31 March:

NATO The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO, ; french: Organisation du traité de l'Atlantique nord, ), also called the North Atlantic Alliance, is an intergovernmental military alliance between 30 member states – 28 European and two No ...

Joint Force Training Centre The Joint Force Training Centre (JFTC) is a NATO headquarters located in Bydgoszcz, Poland, responsible to Allied Command Transformation at Norfolk, Virginia, in the United States. History The Joint Force Training Centre, which started on March ...

founded. *2005 –

Marian Rejewski Marian Adam Rejewski (; 16 August 1905 – 13 February 1980) was a Polish mathematician and cryptologist who in late 1932 reconstructed the sight-unseen German military Enigma cipher machine, aided by limited documents obtained by French mili ...

monument unveiled on the 100th anniversary of his birth. *2006 –

Opera Nova Bydgoszcz , fullname = , former names = , logo_image = , logo_caption = , image = Bdg OperaNova 8 07-2013.jpg , image_size = 300px , image_alt = Opera Nova fr ...

completed. *2007 –

monument unveiled. *2009 ** September: City co-hosts the

EuroBasket 2009 The 2009 FIBA European Championship, commonly called FIBA EuroBasket 2009, was the 36th FIBA EuroBasket regional basketball championship held by FIBA Europe. The tournament, which was hosted by Poland, began on 7 September and concluded with the ...

. ** September–October: City co-hosts the

2009 Women's European Volleyball Championship The 2009 Women's European Volleyball Championship was the 26th edition of the European Volleyball Championship, organised by Europe's governing volleyball body, the Confédération Européenne de Volleyball. The cities that hosted matches were ...

. *2010 – City hosts the

2010 IAAF World Cross Country Championships The 2010 IAAF World Cross Country Championships were held at Myślęcinek Park in Bydgoszcz, Poland on 28 March 2010. It was the first time in over twenty years that Poland hosted the annual championships, having previously held them in Warsaw i ...

. *2011 ** June–July: City co-hosts the

EuroBasket Women 2011 The 2011 European Women Basketball Championship, commonly called EuroBasket Women 2011, was the 33rd regional championship held by FIBA Europe. The competition was held in Poland from 2011. This was the 4th time that the EuroBasket Women was ho ...

. ** 7 July:

Exploseum The Exploseum ("explosines + museum"; pl, Exploseum – Centrum techniki wojennej DAG Fabrik Bromberg) is an open-air museum of industrial architecture combined with a museum of 20th century technology in Bydgoszcz, Poland. It is built around t ...

founded. *2013 – City hosts the

2013 IAAF World Cross Country Championships The 2013 IAAF World Cross Country Championships took place on March 24, 2013. The races were held at the Myślęcinek Park in Bydgoszcz, Poland. Kenya topped the medal standings in the competition with 5 gold, and Ethiopia had the most overall ...

. *2017 – City co-hosts the

2017 UEFA European Under-21 Championship The 2017 UEFA European Under-21 Championship (also known as UEFA Under-21 Euro 2017) was the 21st edition of the UEFA European Under-21 Championship, a biennial international youth football championship organised by UEFA for the men's under-21 na ...

. *2018 – May: Honorary Consulate of

Montenegro ) , image_map = Europe-Montenegro.svg , map_caption = , image_map2 = , capital = Podgorica , coordinates = , largest_city = capital , official_languages = M ...

opened. *2019 ** May–June: City co-hosts the

2019 FIFA U-20 World Cup The 2019 FIFA U-20 World Cup was the 22nd edition of the FIFA U-20 World Cup, the biennial international men's youth football championship contested by the under-20 national teams of the member associations of FIFA, since its inception in 1977 ...

. ** 24 October: Monument to the Wisła Detachment of the Polish Navy, which fought in the area against the German invasion of 1939, unveiled.

References

Bibliography

* *

External links

* http://www.bydgoszcz.pl/ (Polish) * http://www.visitbydgoszcz.pl/ (Polish, English)
Municipal website

Wirtualna Bydgoszcz – informator bydgoski

Bydgoszcz news
* {{DEFAULTSORT:Timeline of Bydgoszcz history