Tiffany & Co. (colloquially known as Tiffany's)
is a high-end
luxury
Luxury may refer to:
* Luxury goods, an economic good or service for which demand increases more than proportionally as income rises
*Luxury tax, tax on products not considered essential, such as expensive cars
**Luxury tax (sports), surcharge pu ...
jewelry and specialty retailer, headquartered on
Fifth Avenue
Fifth Avenue is a major and prominent thoroughfare in the borough of Manhattan in New York City. It stretches north from Washington Square Park in Greenwich Village to West 143rd Street in Harlem. It is one of the most expensive shopping stre ...
in
Manhattan
Manhattan (), known regionally as the City, is the most densely populated and geographically smallest of the five boroughs of New York City. The borough is also coextensive with New York County, one of the original counties of the U.S. state ...
. It sells jewelry, sterling silver, porcelain, crystal, stationery, fragrances, water bottles, watches, personal accessories, and leather goods. Tiffany is known for its luxury goods, particularly its diamond and sterling silver jewelry.
These goods are sold at Tiffany stores, online, and corporate merchandising. Its name and branding are licensed to
Coty for fragrances and to
Luxottica
Luxottica Group S.p.A. is an Italian eyewear conglomerate and the world's largest company in the eyewear industry. It is based in Milan, Italy.
Luxottica is a vertically integrated company, which has been described as a monopoly—it designs, m ...
for eyewear.
Tiffany & Co. was founded in 1837 by the jeweler
Charles Lewis Tiffany
Charles Lewis Tiffany (February 15, 1812 – February 18, 1902) was an American businessman and jeweler who founded New York City's Tiffany & Co. in 1837. Known for his jewelry expertise, Tiffany created the country's first retail catalog and ...
and became famous in the early 20th century under the artistic direction of his son
Louis Comfort Tiffany
Louis Comfort Tiffany (February 18, 1848 – January 17, 1933) was an American artist and designer who worked in the decorative arts and is best known for his work in stained glass. He is the American artist most associated with the Art NouveauL ...
. In 2018 net sales totaled US$4.44 billion.
In 2019 Tiffany operated 326 stores globally in countries such as the United States, Japan, and Canada, as well as Europe, the Latin America and Pacific Asia regions.
On January 7, 2021, French multinational
LVMH Moët Hennessy Louis Vuitton acquired majority stake in Tiffany & Co for $15.8 billion and delisted Tiffany’s stock from the New York Stock Exchange.
History
Establishment
![Tiffany Co Union Square 1887](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a8/Tiffany_Co_Union_Square_1887.png)
The company was founded in 1837 by
Charles Lewis Tiffany
Charles Lewis Tiffany (February 15, 1812 – February 18, 1902) was an American businessman and jeweler who founded New York City's Tiffany & Co. in 1837. Known for his jewelry expertise, Tiffany created the country's first retail catalog and ...
and John B. Young, in
New York City
New York, often called New York City or NYC, is the List of United States cities by population, most populous city in the United States. With a 2020 population of 8,804,190 distributed over , New York City is also the L ...
, as a "stationery and
fancy goods
Fancy may refer to:
Places
* Fancy, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, a settlement
* Fancy River, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Music Albums
* ''Fancy'' (Bobbie Gentry album), 1970
* ''Fancy'' (Idiot Flesh album), 1997
* ''Fancy'' (video ...
emporium", with the help of Charles Tiffany's father, who financed the store for only $1,000 with profits from a cotton mill. The store initially sold a wide variety of stationery items and, as of 1838, operated as "Tiffany, Young and Ellis" at 259 Broadway in
Lower Manhattan
Lower Manhattan (also known as Downtown Manhattan or Downtown New York) is the southernmost part of Manhattan, the central borough for business, culture, and government in New York City, which is the most populated city in the United States with ...
. The name was shortened to Tiffany & Company in 1853, when Charles Tiffany took control and established the firm's emphasis on jewelry.
The company has since opened stores in major cities worldwide. Unlike other stores at the time in the 1830s, Tiffany clearly marked the prices on its goods to forestall any haggling over prices. In addition, against the social norm at the time, Tiffany only accepted cash payments, and did not allow purchases on credit.
Such practices (fixed prices for ready money) had first been introduced in 1750 by Palmer's of London Bridge.
"Blue Book" and the Civil War
The first Tiffany
mail order
Mail order is the buying of goods or services by mail delivery. The buyer places an order for the desired products with the merchant through some remote methods such as:
* Sending an order form in the mail
* Placing a telephone call
* Placing a ...
catalog, known as the "Blue Book", was published in 1845 in the United States (U.S.),
and publishing of the catalog continues in the 21st century. In 1862, Tiffany supplied the
Union Army
During the American Civil War, the Union Army, also known as the Federal Army and the Northern Army, referring to the United States Army, was the land force that fought to preserve the Union (American Civil War), Union of the collective U.S. st ...
with swords (
Model 1840 Cavalry Saber
The Model 1840 Cavalry Saber was based on the 1822 French hussar's sabre. Unlike its replacement, the Model 1860 Light Cavalry Saber, the M1840 has a ridge around its quillon, a leather grip wrapped in wire (rather than grooves cut into the woo ...
), flags and surgical implements. In 1867, Tiffany was the first U.S. firm to win an award for excellence in silverware at the ''
Exposition Universelle'' in Paris. In 1868, Tiffany was incorporated.
"Gilded Age"
In 1870, the company built a new store building at
15 Union Square West
15 Union Square West is a residential building on East 15th Street overlooking Union Square, Manhattan, Union Square in Manhattan, New York City. Originally Tiffany & Company’s 19th-century headquarters, it was refurbished and reopened in 2008 a ...
, Manhattan, which was designed by
John Kellum
John Kellum (1809–1871) was an American architect in practice in New York City.
Kellum, born in Hempstead (town), New York, Hempstead, Long Island, was trained as a carpenter; he was largely self-taught in architecture, and was taken int ...
and cost $500,000. It was described by ''
The New York Times
''The New York Times'' (''the Times'', ''NYT'', or the Gray Lady) is a daily newspaper based in New York City with a worldwide readership reported in 2020 to comprise a declining 840,000 paid print subscribers, and a growing 6 million paid ...
'' as a "palace of jewels."
Tiffany stayed at this site until 1906.
In 1877, an insignia that would become the
New York Yankees
The New York Yankees are an American professional baseball team based in the Boroughs of New York City, New York City borough of the Bronx. The Yankees compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a member club of the American League (AL) Amer ...
"NY" logo was struck on a police medal of honor by Tiffany; the Yankees adopted the logo in 1909. In 1878, Tiffany won the gold medal for jewelry and a grand prize for silverware at the Paris Exposition. In 1879, Tiffany purchased one of the world's largest yellow diamonds which became known as the
Tiffany Diamond. The Tiffany Diamond has only been worn by four people, one of whom was Audrey Hepburn for the promotion of "Breakfast at Tiffany's". In 1887, Tiffany bought a number of pieces at the auction of part of the
French Crown Jewels
The French Crown Jewels (french: Joyaux de la Couronne de France) comprise the crowns, orb, sceptres, diadems and jewels that were symbols of Royal power between 752 and 1825. These were worn by many Kings and Queens of France as well as Emper ...
, which attracted publicity and further solidified the Tiffany brand's association with high-quality diamonds. The company revised the
Great Seal of the United States in 1885.
1900–1999
![Tiffany Cross Medal of Honor](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/96/Tiffany_Cross_Medal_of_Honor.jpg)
In 1902, after the death of
Charles Lewis Tiffany
Charles Lewis Tiffany (February 15, 1812 – February 18, 1902) was an American businessman and jeweler who founded New York City's Tiffany & Co. in 1837. Known for his jewelry expertise, Tiffany created the country's first retail catalog and ...
, his son,
Louis Comfort Tiffany
Louis Comfort Tiffany (February 18, 1848 – January 17, 1933) was an American artist and designer who worked in the decorative arts and is best known for his work in stained glass. He is the American artist most associated with the Art NouveauL ...
, became the company's first official design director.
In 1905, the Manhattan flagship store was relocated to the corner of 37th Street and Fifth Avenue, where it would remain for 35 years.
In 1919, the company made a revision to the
Medal of Honor
The Medal of Honor (MOH) is the United States Armed Forces' highest military decoration and is awarded to recognize American soldiers, sailors, marines, airmen, guardians and coast guardsmen who have distinguished themselves by acts of valor. ...
on behalf of the
United States Department of the Navy
The United States Department of the Navy (DoN) is one of the three military departments within the Department of Defense of the United States of America. It was established by an Act of Congress on 30 April 1798, at the urging of Secretary o ...
. This
"Tiffany Cross" version was rare because it was awarded only for combat, using the previous design for non-combat awards. In 1942, the Navy established the Tiffany version for ''non''-combat heroism as well but, in August 1942, the Navy subsequently eliminated the Tiffany Cross and the two-medal system.
The company moved its flagship store to its present-day
727 Fifth Avenue building in 1940; the building was designed by
Cross & Cross
Cross & Cross (1907–1942) was a New York City-based architectural firm founded by brothers John Walter Cross and Eliot Cross.
History
Cross & Cross was known as Old New York City Society's architectural firm of choice. John Cross (1878–1951) ...
. In 1956, legendary designer
Jean Schlumberger joined Tiffany, and
Andy Warhol
Andy Warhol (; born Andrew Warhola Jr.; August 6, 1928 – February 22, 1987) was an American visual artist, film director, and producer who was a leading figure in the visual art movement known as pop art. His works explore the relationsh ...
collaborated with the company to create Tiffany holiday cards (circa 1956–1962).
In 1968,
Lady Bird Johnson
Claudia Alta "Lady Bird" Johnson (''née'' Taylor; December 22, 1912 – July 11, 2007) was First Lady of the United States from 1963 to 1969 as the wife of President Lyndon B. Johnson. She previously served as Second Lady from 1961 to 1963 when ...
, First Lady of the U.S. at the time, commissioned Tiffany to design a
White House china-service that featured 90 flowers.
In November 1978, Tiffany & Co. was sold to
Avon Products, Inc
Avon Products, Inc. or simply known as Avon, is an American-British multinational cosmetics, skin care, fragrance and personal care company, based in London. It sells directly to the public. Avon had annual sales of $9.1 billion worldwide in 20 ...
for about US$104 million in stock. However, in a 1984 ''
Newsweek
''Newsweek'' is an American weekly online news magazine co-owned 50 percent each by Dev Pragad, its president and CEO, and Johnathan Davis (businessman), Johnathan Davis, who has no operational role at ''Newsweek''. Founded as a weekly print m ...
'' article, the
Fifth Avenue
Fifth Avenue is a major and prominent thoroughfare in the borough of Manhattan in New York City. It stretches north from Washington Square Park in Greenwich Village to West 143rd Street in Harlem. It is one of the most expensive shopping stre ...
Tiffany store was likened to the
Macy's
Macy's (originally R. H. Macy & Co.) is an American chain of high-end department stores founded in 1858 by Rowland Hussey Macy. It became a division of the Cincinnati-based Federated Department Stores in 1994, through which it is affiliated wi ...
department store during a
white sale
A white sale is a marketing strategy in which a store steeply discounts and allowances, discounts its product (business), merchandise to increase sales during a short period of time.
Origins
In 1878, John Wanamaker of Philadelphia department sto ...
, due to the high number of inexpensive items on sale;
furthermore, customers complained about declining quality and service. In August 1984, Avon sold Tiffany to an investor group led by William R. Chaney for $135.5 million in cash. Tiffany
went public again in 1987 and raised about $103.5 million from the sale of 4.5 million shares of
common stock
Common stock is a form of corporate equity ownership, a type of security. The terms voting share and ordinary share are also used frequently outside of the United States. They are known as equity shares or ordinary shares in the UK and other Com ...
.
Due to the
1990–1991 recession in the United States, Tiffany commenced an emphasis upon
mass merchandising. A new campaign was launched that stressed how Tiffany could be affordable for all; for example, the company advertised that the price of diamond engagement rings started at $850. "How to Buy a Diamond" brochures were sent to 40,000 people, who called a toll-free number specifically set up to target the broader population.
However, to maintain its image as a
luxury goods
In economics, a luxury good (or upmarket good) is a good for which demand increases more than what is proportional as income rises, so that expenditures on the good become a greater proportion of overall spending. Luxury goods are in contrast to n ...
company, high-style images remained on display in Tiffany stores.
On September 4, 1994, a jewelry heist occurred at the store in New York City, in which six men stole $1.9 million of jewelry. During the incident, no shots were fired and no vandalism occurred. Two weeks after the robbery, the six men were arrested and the jewelry was recovered.
Tiffany & Co. trademarked their signature
Tiffany Blue
Tiffany Blue is the colloquial name for the light medium robin egg blue color associated with Tiffany & Co., the New York City jewelry company created by Charles Tiffany and John Young in 1837. The color was used on the cover of Tiffany's ''Blue ...
color in 1998. Three years later they partnered with
Pantone
Pantone LLC (stylized as PANTONE) is a limited liability company headquartered in Carlstadt, New Jersey. The company is best known for its Pantone Matching System (PMS), a proprietary color space used in a variety of industries, notably graphic ...
to standardize the color as "1837 Blue".
2000s
![Tiffany blue box 2](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f2/Tiffany_blue_box_2.jpg)
The Tiffany & Co. Foundation was established in 2000 to provide grants to nonprofit organizations working in the areas of the environment and the arts. In June 2004, Tiffany sued
eBay
eBay Inc. ( ) is an American multinational e-commerce company based in San Jose, California, that facilitates consumer-to-consumer and business-to-consumer sales through its website. eBay was founded by Pierre Omidyar in 1995 and became a ...
, claiming that the latter was making profits from the sale of counterfeit Tiffany products; however, Tiffany lost both at
trial and on appeal.
Tiffany & Co. established their subsidiary Laurelton Diamonds in 2002 to manage Tiffany's worldwide diamond supply chain.
In 2009, a collaboration between the Japanese mobile-phone operator
SoftBank
is a Japanese multinational conglomerate holding company headquartered in Minato, Tokyo which focuses on investment management. The Group primarily invests in companies operating in technology, energy, and financial sectors. It also runs the ...
and Tiffany & Co. was announced. The two companies designed a cellphone, limited to ten copies, and containing more than 400 diamonds, totaling more than . Each cellphone cost more than 100 million yen (
£781,824).
Also in 2009, the company launched their Tiffany Keys collection.
2010s and 2020s
A media report in early July 2013 revealed that former Tiffany & Co. vice president Ingrid Lederhaas-Okun had been arrested and charged with stealing more than $1.3 million of diamond bracelets, drop earrings, and other jewelry. According to prosecutors from
Manhattan
Manhattan (), known regionally as the City, is the most densely populated and geographically smallest of the five boroughs of New York City. The borough is also coextensive with New York County, one of the original counties of the U.S. state ...
, the official charges filed against Lederhaas-Okun accused her of "wire fraud and interstate transportation of stolen property."
The company's
Francesca Amfitheatrof
Francesca Amfitheatrof is a jewelry designer, known for her designs for Tiffany & Co.
Early life
Francesca Amfitheatrof was born in Tokyo, Japan. The daughter of a Russian-American father, who was bureau chief for ''Time'' magazine and an Ital ...
-designed Tiffany T collection debuted in 2014.
In February 2017, the company announced that
CEO
A chief executive officer (CEO), also known as a central executive officer (CEO), chief administrator officer (CAO) or just chief executive (CE), is one of a number of corporate executives charged with the management of an organization especially ...
Frédéric Cuménal was out of a job, effective immediately, after only 22 months, blaming weak sales results. He was replaced on an
interim
An interim is a period of temporary pause or change in a sequence of events, or a temporary state, and is often applied to transitional political entities.
Interim may also refer to:
Temporary organizational arrangements (general concept)
*Provis ...
basis by the company's longtime former CEO,
Michael Kowalski. Shortly before his abrupt departure, Cuménal had appointed former
Coach
Coach may refer to:
Guidance/instruction
* Coach (sport), a director of athletes' training and activities
* Coaching, the practice of guiding an individual through a process
** Acting coach, a teacher who trains performers
Transportation
* Co ...
designer
Reed Krakoff
Reed Krakoff (born August 25, 1964) is an American fashion designer and former executive creative director of American luxury design house Coach New York, Coach.
Biography
Krakoff was raised in Weston, Connecticut, the son of a corporate executi ...
as the company's new chief artistic officer. Although Krakoff had had no previous experience with jewellery design, his previous success with Coach and "deep understanding of iconic American design" led to his appointment, with the hopes that Krakoff would be able to refresh the image of the brand.
In April 2017, the company launched their Tiffany HardWear collection.
In July 2017, it was announced that
Bulgari veteran Alessandro Bogliolo would be taking over as CEO. Under his leadership, it was hoped that Tiffany & Co. could turn around slumping sales and capture a younger audience.
Tiffany & Co. opened the Blue Box Cafe in New York City in November 2017.
Also in November 2017, the company launched their Home & Accessories line.
In March 2018, the company opened the Jewelry Design and Innovation Workshop, a new 17,000-square-foot
atelier
An atelier () is the private workshop or studio of a professional artist in the fine or decorative arts or an architect, where a principal master and a number of assistants, students, and apprentices can work together producing fine art or v ...
.
In May 2018, Tiffany launched their Paper Flowers Collection, designed by Reed Krakoff.
In September 2018, Tiffany launched their Paper Flowers collection in Asia. That same month, the company debuted a new proprietary engagement ring design called the Tiffany True.
In August 2019, Tiffany launched their first men's jewelry collection in October of the same year. The line was developed by Reed Krakoff.
In October 2019, Tiffany opened a new brand exhibition in
Shanghai
Shanghai (; , , Standard Mandarin pronunciation: ) is one of the four direct-administered municipalities of the People's Republic of China (PRC). The city is located on the southern estuary of the Yangtze River, with the Huangpu River flow ...
, China called "Vision & Virtuosity".
Tiffany opened its first store in
New Delhi
New Delhi (, , ''Naī Dillī'') is the capital of India and a part of the National Capital Territory of Delhi (NCT). New Delhi is the seat of all three branches of the government of India, hosting the Rashtrapati Bhavan, Parliament House ...
, India on 3 February 2020.
Acquisition by LVMH
In November 2019,
LVMH
LVMH Moët Hennessy Louis Vuitton (), commonly known as LVMH, is a French holding multinational corporation and conglomerate specializing in luxury goods, headquartered in Paris. The company was formed in 1987 through the merger of fashion house ...
announced its purchase of Tiffany & Co for $16.2 billion, $135 per share.
The deal was expected to close by June 2020.
After LVMH decided to cancel the pending purchase of Tiffany in September 2020, Tiffany filed suit, asking the court to compel the purchase or to assess damages against the defendant; LVMH planned to counter sue, alleging that mismanagement had invalidated the purchase agreement. In mid-September 2020, a reliable source told ''
Forbes
''Forbes'' () is an American business magazine owned by Integrated Whale Media Investments and the Forbes family. Published eight times a year, it features articles on finance, industry, investing, and marketing topics. ''Forbes'' also re ...
'' that LVMH had decided to cancel the deal because Tiffany was paying millions in dividends to shareholders despite financial losses during the
COVID-19 pandemic
The COVID-19 pandemic, also known as the coronavirus pandemic, is an ongoing global pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The novel virus was first identif ...
. Some US$70 million had already been paid by Tiffany, with an additional US$70 million to be paid in November 2020. LVMH filed a counterclaim against the court action commenced by Tiffany; a statement issued by LMVH blamed Tiffany's mismanagement during the pandemic and claimed that it was "burning cash and reporting losses".
In late October 2020, LVMH announced that it had agreed to buy Tiffany & Co. at a reduced price of almost $16 billion, and lowered price from $135 per share to $131.5 per share. The court cases would be set aside.
In December 2020, Tiffany & Co's shareholders approved a $15.8 billion deal with LVMH. The deal closed on January 7, 2021, and Tiffany' stock was delisted from the
New York Stock Exchange
The New York Stock Exchange (NYSE, nicknamed "The Big Board") is an American stock exchange in the Financial District of Lower Manhattan in New York City. It is by far the world's largest stock exchange by market capitalization of its listed c ...
.
After LVMH's acquisition, several of Tiffany’s senior leaders were replaced with executives from other sectors of LVMH.
Alexandre Arnault, the son of LVMH's CEO
Bernard Arnault
Bernard Jean Étienne Arnault (; born 5 March 1949) is a French business magnate, investor, and art collector. He is the co-founder, chairman, and chief executive officer of LVMH Moët Hennessy – Louis Vuitton SE, the world's largest luxury ...
, was given the role of executive vice president.
LVMH group's plans include expanding Tiffany & Co.’s presence in
Europe
Europe is a large peninsula conventionally considered a continent in its own right because of its great physical size and the weight of its history and traditions. Europe is also considered a Continent#Subcontinents, subcontinent of Eurasia ...
and
China
China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. It is the world's most populous country, with a population exceeding 1.4 billion, slightly ahead of India. China spans the equivalent of five time zones and ...
.
"Tiffany is less exposed than rivals to Asia-Pacific - a major driver for luxury sales - which accounted for 28% of its worldwide sales of $4.4 billion in 2019."
Partnership with
Riot Games
Riot Games, Inc. is an American video game developer, publisher and esports tournament organizer based in Los Angeles, California. It was founded in September 2006 by Brandon Beck and Marc Merrill to develop ''League of Legends'' and went on t ...
. Announced that Tiffany & Co. will design the trophy for the
League of Legends World Championship 2022.
Stores
![Tiffany & Co Phipps](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/ba/Tiffany_%26_Co_Phipps.jpg)
Since 1940, Tiffany's
flagship store
A flagship is a vessel used by the commanding officer of a group of naval ships, characteristically a flag officer entitled by custom to fly a distinguishing flag. Used more loosely, it is the lead ship in a fleet of vessels, typically the fi ...
has operated at the corner of
Fifth Avenue
Fifth Avenue is a major and prominent thoroughfare in the borough of Manhattan in New York City. It stretches north from Washington Square Park in Greenwich Village to West 143rd Street in Harlem. It is one of the most expensive shopping stre ...
and
57th Street in
Manhattan
Manhattan (), known regionally as the City, is the most densely populated and geographically smallest of the five boroughs of New York City. The borough is also coextensive with New York County, one of the original counties of the U.S. state ...
, New York City. The polished granite exterior is well known for its window displays, and the store has been the location for a number of films, including ''
Breakfast at Tiffany's'', starring
Audrey Hepburn
Audrey Hepburn (born Audrey Kathleen Ruston; 4 May 1929 – 20 January 1993) was a British actress and humanitarian. Recognised as both a film and fashion icon, she was ranked by the American Film Institute as the AFI's 100 Years...100 Stars, t ...
, and ''
Sweet Home Alabama
"Sweet Home Alabama" is a song by American southern rock band Lynyrd Skynyrd, released on the band's second album ''Second Helping'' (1974). It was written in response to Neil Young's 1970 song "Southern Man", which the band felt blamed the e ...
'', starring
Reese Witherspoon
Laura Jeanne Reese Witherspoon (born March 22, 1976) is an American actress and producer. The recipient of various accolades, including an Academy Award, a British Academy Film Award, a Primetime Emmy Award, and two Golden Globe Awards, she ...
. The former
Tiffany and Company Building on 37th Street is on the U.S.
National Register of Historic Places
The National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) is the United States federal government's official list of districts, sites, buildings, structures and objects deemed worthy of preservation for their historical significance or "great artistic v ...
.
When it opened in 1990, the Tiffany & Co. store at
Fairfax Square in
Tysons Corner, Virginia
Tysons, also known as Tysons Corner, is a census-designated place (CDP) in Fairfax County, Virginia, United States, developed from the corner of Chain Bridge Road ( SR 123) and the Leesburg Pike ( SR 7). Located in Northern Virginia between the c ...
, became the largest outside of New York City, with of retail space.
In France, Tiffany stores are located in
Rue de la Paix
The rue de la Paix (English: Peace Street) () is a fashionable shopping street in the center of Paris. Located in the 2nd arrondissement of Paris, running north from Place Vendôme and ending at the Opéra Garnier, it is best known for its jewe ...
and the
Avenue des Champs Elysées (the largest European store) in
Paris
Paris () is the capital and most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,165,423 residents in 2019 in an area of more than 105 km² (41 sq mi), making it the 30th most densely populated city in the world in 2020. S ...
.
In
Australia
Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a Sovereign state, sovereign country comprising the mainland of the Australia (continent), Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous List of islands of Australia, sma ...
, Tiffany's flagship store is located on
Collins Street in
Melbourne
Melbourne ( ; Boonwurrung/Woiwurrung: ''Narrm'' or ''Naarm'') is the capital and most populous city of the Australian state of Victoria, and the second-most populous city in both Australia and Oceania. Its name generally refers to a met ...
, first established in 1996.
On March 8, 2001, Tiffany launched its first Latin American store in
São Paulo
São Paulo (, ; Portuguese for 'Saint Paul') is the most populous city in Brazil, and is the capital of the state of São Paulo, the most populous and wealthiest Brazilian state, located in the country's Southeast Region. Listed by the GaWC a ...
,
Brazil
Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the largest country in both South America and Latin America. At and with over 217 million people, Brazil is the world's fifth-largest country by area ...
, located in the
Iguatemi São Paulo shopping center. The company opened a second store in the city on October 20, 2003, near the famous
Oscar Freire Street.
In 2004, Tiffany created "Iridesse", a chain of stores dedicated to pearl-only jewelry. The company operated 16 stores in
Florida
Florida is a state located in the Southeastern region of the United States. Florida is bordered to the west by the Gulf of Mexico, to the northwest by Alabama, to the north by Georgia, to the east by the Bahamas and Atlantic Ocean, and to ...
,
New Jersey
New Jersey is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States. It is bordered on the north and east by the state of New York; on the east, southeast, and south by the Atlantic Ocean; on the west by the Delaware ...
,
New York
New York most commonly refers to:
* New York City, the most populous city in the United States, located in the state of New York
* New York (state), a state in the northeastern United States
New York may also refer to:
Film and television
* '' ...
,
Pennsylvania
Pennsylvania (; ( Pennsylvania Dutch: )), officially the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, is a state spanning the Mid-Atlantic, Northeastern, Appalachian, and Great Lakes regions of the United States. It borders Delaware to its southeast, ...
,
California
California is a U.S. state, state in the Western United States, located along the West Coast of the United States, Pacific Coast. With nearly 39.2million residents across a total area of approximately , it is the List of states and territori ...
,
Illinois
Illinois ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Midwestern United States, Midwestern United States. Its largest metropolitan areas include the Chicago metropolitan area, and the Metro East section, of Greater St. Louis. Other smaller metropolita ...
,
, and
Virginia
Virginia, officially the Commonwealth of Virginia, is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Southeastern regions of the United States, between the Atlantic Coast and the Appalachian Mountains. The geography and climate of the Commonwealth ar ...
. However, the chain operated at a loss since its founding and the company announced in early 2009 that, despite its continued belief in the concept, it would discontinue Iridesse due to the
financial crisis of 2007-2008
Finance is the study and discipline of money, currency and capital assets. It is related to, but not synonymous with economics, the study of production, distribution, and consumption of money, assets, goods and services (the discipline of finan ...
.
As of 2018, Tiffany operated 93 stores in the US and 321 stores worldwide, including (as of 31 January 2017) 55 locations in Japan and 85 in the Asia-Pacific region. Net sales in 2018 totaled US$4.44 billion.
Advertising
After the initial publication of the "Blue Book" Tiffany catalog in 1845, Tiffany continued to use its catalog as part of its advertisement strategy. The Tiffany catalog, one of the first catalogs printed in full color, remained free until 1972. Tiffany's mail-order catalogs reached 15 million people in 1994. Tiffany also produces a corporate-gift catalog each year, and corporate customers purchase Tiffany products for
business
Business is the practice of making one's living or making money by producing or Trade, buying and selling Product (business), products (such as goods and Service (economics), services). It is also "any activity or enterprise entered into for pr ...
gift-giving, employee-service and achievement-recognition awards, and for customer incentives. As of 2013 Tiffany still produces a catalog for subscribers, but its advertisement strategy no longer focuses primarily on its catalog.
In addition to the mail-order catalog, Tiffany displays its advertisements in many locations, including at bus stops, in magazines and newspapers, and online. With the advent of new technologies, Tiffany placed
banner advertisements
A web banner or banner ad is a form of advertising on the World Wide Web delivered by an ad server. This form of online advertising entails embedding an advertisement into a web page. It is intended to attract traffic to a website by linking ...
in the ''New York Times
mobile app
A mobile application or app is a computer program or software application designed to run on a mobile device such as a phone, tablet, or watch. Mobile applications often stand in contrast to desktop applications which are designed to run on d ...
for the
iPhone, whereby the user can download the Tiffany app. In January 2015, Tiffany launched its first ever same-sex couple campaign.
In 2017, Tiffany partnered with American pop star
Lady Gaga
Stefani Joanne Angelina Germanotta ( ; born March 28, 1986), known professionally as Lady Gaga, is an American singer, songwriter, and actress. She is known for her image reinventions and musical versatility. Gaga began performing as a teenag ...
for an ad campaign promoting the company's HardWear collection. The announcement came as a
Super Bowl
The Super Bowl is the annual final playoff game of the National Football League (NFL) to determine the league champion. It has served as the final game of every NFL season since 1966, replacing the NFL Championship Game. Since 2022, the game ...
ad prior to Lady Gaga's
Super Bowl LI halftime show
The Super Bowl LI Halftime show took place on February 5, 2017 at NRG Stadium in Houston, Texas, as part of Super Bowl LI. Lady Gaga headlined the show, with no special guests (the first since Super Bowl XLIV), performing a medley of her songs, i ...
performance.
In May 2018, Tiffany partnered with
Spotify
Spotify (; ) is a proprietary Swedish audio streaming and media services provider founded on 23 April 2006 by Daniel Ek and Martin Lorentzon. It is one of the largest music streaming service providers, with over 456 million monthly active us ...
for the launch of Tiffany's "Believe in Dreams" campaign and Paper Flowers collection, releasing a cover of the song "
Moon River
"Moon River" is a song composed by Henry Mancini with lyrics by Johnny Mercer. It was originally performed by Audrey Hepburn in the 1961 movie ''Breakfast at Tiffany's (film), Breakfast at Tiffany's'', winning an Academy Award for Best Original ...
" by
Elle Fanning
Mary Elle Fanning (born April 9, 1998) is an American actress. She made her film debut as the younger version of her sister Dakota Fanning's character in the drama film '' I Am Sam'' (2001). As a child actress, she appeared in several films, i ...
and rapper
A$AP Ferg
Darold Durard Brown Ferguson Jr. (born October 20, 1988), known professionally as ASAP Ferg (stylized as A$AP Ferg), is an American rapper from New York City's Harlem neighborhood. Aside from his solo career, he is a member of the hip hop collec ...
on the music streaming service.
In 2019, Tiffany partnered with American celebrity
Kendall Jenner to promote the company's spring fashion line.
In 2021, Tiffany partnered with American singer
Beyoncé
Beyoncé Giselle Knowles-Carter ( ; born September 4, 1981) is an American singer, songwriter, and actress. Beyoncé's boundary-pushing artistry and vocals have made her the most influential female musician of the 21st century, according to ...
and rapper
Jay-Z
Shawn Corey Carter (born December 4, 1969), known professionally as Jay-Z, is an American rapper, record producer, entrepreneur, and founder of Manhattan-based conglomerate talent and entertainment agency Roc Nation. He is regarded as one of ...
to promote the company's "About Love" campaign.
Beyoncé became the fourth woman, and first Black woman, to wear the Tiffany Yellow Diamond. The campaign incorporated Tiffany's recently acquired
robin egg blue
Robin egg blue, also called eggshell blue, is a shade of cyan (bluish-green color), approximating the shade of the eggs laid by the American robin.
The first recorded use of ''robin egg blue'' as a color name in English was in 1873.
Variation ...
painting, ''
Equals Pi'' (1982), by American artist
Jean-Michel Basquiat
Jean-Michel Basquiat (; December 22, 1960 – August 12, 1988) was an American artist who rose to success during the 1980s as part of the Neo-expressionism movement.
Basquiat first achieved fame as part of the graffiti duo SAMO, alongside Al ...
.
In 2022, Tiffany partnered with
Curtis Kulig
Curtis Kulig is an American artist who lives and works New York City.
Early life
Kulig was born in 1981 in Minot, North Dakota. At a young age he was encouraged to follow an artistic path by his uncle Phillip Salvato (American painter) and fathe ...
while retaining his original "Love Me" concept, Kulig also created other love-themed messages such as: "Dare Me," "Know Me," and "Kiss Me" to be displayed alongside the Tiffany HardWear, Tiffany Knot and Tiffany T collections.
Products
Diamonds
![Tiffany Diamond2](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/ba/Tiffany_Diamond2.jpg)
Tiffany is known for its
luxury goods
In economics, a luxury good (or upmarket good) is a good for which demand increases more than what is proportional as income rises, so that expenditures on the good become a greater proportion of overall spending. Luxury goods are in contrast to n ...
, particularly its diamond and sterling silver jewelry.
George Frederick Kunz
George Frederick Kunz (September 29, 1856 – June 29, 1932) was an American mineralogist and mineral collector.
Biography
Kunz was born in Manhattan, New York City, USA, and began an interest in minerals at a very young age. By his teens, he ...
(1856–1932), a Tiffany's
gemologist
Gemology or gemmology is the science dealing with natural and artificial gemstone materials. It is a geoscience and a branch of mineralogy. Some jewelers (and many non-jewelers) are academically trained gemologists and are qualified to identif ...
, became instrumental in the international adoption of the metric
carat as a weight standard for gems. The Tiffany Yellow Diamond () is usually on display in the New York City flagship store.
In 1886, founder Charles Tiffany conceived of the Tiffany Setting ring design, in which six prongs hold the diamond off of the band, in order to better accentuate the diamond.
Like other similar diamond retailers, Tiffany's enacts a strict policy against the repurchasing of diamonds sold from its stores. In 1978, a woman in New York City was denied after she attempted to sell back a diamond ring she had bought from Tiffany two years earlier for $100,000. Writing for ''
The Atlantic
''The Atlantic'' is an American magazine and multi-platform publisher. It features articles in the fields of politics, foreign affairs, business and the economy, culture and the arts, technology, and science.
It was founded in 1857 in Boston, ...
'' publication in 1982,
Edward Jay Epstein
Edward Jay Epstein (born 1935) is an American investigative journalist and a former political science professor at Harvard University, the University of California, Los Angeles, and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
Early life and educa ...
explained the rationale for such a policy:
In 2019, Tiffany CEO Alessandro Bogliolo announced that in 2020 the company would become transparent regarding the country or region of origin of the company's newly sourced and individually registered diamonds.
Colored gemstones
Tiffany offers jewelry incorporating a wide variety of colored gemstones, including gems it played a role in popularizing, such as
tsavorite
Tsavorite or tsavolite is a variety of the garnet group species grossular, a calcium-aluminium garnet with the formula Ca3 Al2 Si3 O12.Gemological Institute of America, ''GIA Gem Reference Guide'' 1995, Trace amounts of vanadium or chromium prov ...
,
kunzite
Spodumene is a pyroxene mineral consisting of lithium aluminium inosilicate, Li Al( Si O3)2, and is a source of lithium. It occurs as colorless to yellowish, purplish, or lilac kunzite (see below), yellowish-green or emerald-green hiddenite, pr ...
, and
morganite
Morganite is an orange or pink gemstone and is also a variety of beryl. Morganite can be mined in countries like Brazil, Afghanistan, Mozambique, Namibia, the United States, and Madagascar.
Morganite has grown in popularity since 2010. ''Brides ...
. In February 2015 a
turquoise
Turquoise is an opaque, blue-to-green mineral that is a hydrated phosphate of copper and aluminium, with the chemical formula . It is rare and valuable in finer grades and has been prized as a gemstone and ornamental stone for thousands of yea ...
and
aquamarine bib designed by Francesca Amfitheatrof, Tiffany's design director, and worn by
Cate Blanchett
Catherine Elise Blanchett (; born 14 May 1969) is an Australian actor. Regarded as one of the finest performers of her generation, she is known for her versatile work across independent films, blockbusters, and the stage. She has received nu ...
at the
2015 Academy Awards, contrasted favorably with the white–diamond encrusted jewelry worn by other stars.
[
]
Fragrances
![Tiffany4men](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/50/Tiffany4men.jpg)
In the late 1980s, Tiffany & Co. ventured into the fragrance business. "Tiffany" for women was launched in 1987, a floral perfume for women by perfumer
François Demachy. At $220 per ounce, "Tiffany" was successfully marketed by major department stores across the United States. Two years later, "Tiffany for Men" was launched in 1989 and developed by perfumer
Jacques Polge. The bottles for both the men's and women's fragrance were designed by Pierre Dinand. In 1995, Tiffany launched "Trueste" perfume for women, which was later discontinued.
In October 2019, Tiffany launched a new fragrance line, Tiffany & Love.
Sports awards
Tiffany & Co is the maker of the
Vince Lombardi Trophy
The Vince Lombardi Trophy is the trophy awarded each year to the winning team of the National Football League's championship game, the Super Bowl. The trophy is named in honor of NFL coach Vince Lombardi, who led the Green Bay Packers to vic ...
, made for the winner of the
NFL team that wins the
Super Bowl
The Super Bowl is the annual final playoff game of the National Football League (NFL) to determine the league champion. It has served as the final game of every NFL season since 1966, replacing the NFL Championship Game. Since 2022, the game ...
that year.
Since 1977, Tiffany & Co. has manufactured
Larry O' Brien Trophy, the trophy that is given to the winner of the
NBA Finals
The NBA Finals is the annual championship series of the National Basketball Association (NBA). The Eastern and Western Conference champions play a best-of-seven game series to determine the league champion. The team that wins the series is awa ...
.
Tiffany makes and designed the
Commissioner's Trophy trophy each year, given to the winner of the
World Series
The World Series is the annual championship series of Major League Baseball (MLB) in the United States and Canada, contested since 1903 between the champion teams of the American League (AL) and the National League (NL). The winner of the World ...
.
Tiffany & Co made the
2010
File:2010 Events Collage New.png, From top left, clockwise: The 2010 Chile earthquake was one of the strongest recorded in history; The Eruption of Eyjafjallajökull in Iceland disrupts air travel in Europe; A scene from the opening ceremony of ...
and
2012
File:2012 Events Collage V3.png, From left, clockwise: The passenger cruise ship Costa Concordia lies capsized after the Costa Concordia disaster; Damage to Casino Pier in Seaside Heights, New Jersey as a result of Hurricane Sandy; People gather ...
World Series ring
A World Series ring is an award given to Major League Baseball players who win the World Series. Since only one Commissioner's Trophy is awarded to the team, a World Series ring is an individual award that players and staff of each World Series ...
s for the
San Francisco Giants
The San Francisco Giants are an American professional baseball team based in San Francisco, California. The Giants compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a member club of the National League (NL) West division. Founded in 1883 as the New Yor ...
.
Since 1987, Tiffany silversmiths have crafted the US Open trophies for the
United States Tennis Association
The United States Tennis Association (USTA) is the national governing body for tennis in the United States. A not-for-profit organization with more than 700,000 members, it invests 100% of its proceeds to promote and develop the growth of tennis, ...
.
Tiffany & Co. makes the
PGA Tour
The PGA Tour (stylized in all capital letters as PGA TOUR by its officials) is the organizer of professional golf tours in the United States and North America. It organizes most of the events on the flagship annual series of tournaments also k ...
FedEx Cup
The FedEx Cup is a championship trophy for the PGA Tour. Its introduction marked the first time that men's professional golf had a playoff system. Announced in November 2005, it was first awarded in 2007. Rory McIlroy is the 2022 champion. Th ...
Trophy each year since 2007.
The
MLS
Major League Soccer (MLS) is a men's professional soccer league sanctioned by the United States Soccer Federation, which represents the sport's highest level in the United States. The league comprises 29 teams—26 in the U.S. and 3 in Canada ...
championship trophy was made by Tiffany & Co.
A £10,000
Rugby League World Cup trophy
Rugby may refer to:
Sport
* Rugby football in many forms:
** Rugby league: 13 players per side
*** Masters Rugby League
*** Mod league
*** Rugby league nines
*** Rugby league sevens
*** Touch (sport)
*** Wheelchair rugby league
** Rugby un ...
was made by Tiffany's to celebrate the centenary of
Rugby league
Rugby league football, commonly known as just rugby league and sometimes football, footy, rugby or league, is a full-contact sport played by two teams of thirteen players on a rectangular field measuring 68 metres (75 yards) wide and 112 ...
.
In 2021, Tiffany & Co. joined the
LCK
Lck (or lymphocyte-specific protein tyrosine kinase) is a 56 kDa protein that is found inside specialized cells of the immune system called lymphocytes. The Lck is a member of Src kinase family (SFK), it is important for the activation of the T ...
sponsorship team after noticing the league's rapid growth. Tiffany & Co. would award championship rings to the winners of the
LCK
Lck (or lymphocyte-specific protein tyrosine kinase) is a 56 kDa protein that is found inside specialized cells of the immune system called lymphocytes. The Lck is a member of Src kinase family (SFK), it is important for the activation of the T ...
finals for the next three years beginning with the Summer Split of 2021. In
LPL, a trophy was designed by Tiffany and Co. for the new Silver Dragon Cup to commemorate
LoL
LOL, or lol, is an initialism for laughing out loud and a popular element of Internet slang. It was first used almost exclusively on Usenet, but has since become widespread in other forms of computer-mediated communication and even face-to ...
's tenth anniversary in China.
Philanthropy
In 2000, The Tiffany & Co. Foundation awarded its first grant to support coral and marine conservation. To date, the foundation has awarded over $20 million in grant money to coral and marine conservation causes.
In 2008, The Tiffany & Co. Foundation donated $2 million to the University of Pennsylvania for the construction of an HIV/AIDS treatment facility in Botswana.
In 2010, Tiffany awarded a $1 million grant to the Trust for Public Land and its campaign to save
Cahuenga Peak
Cahuenga Peak () is the 12th-highest named peak in the Santa Monica Mountains and is located just west of the Hollywood Sign. It provides a spectacular 360-degree panorama of the Los Angeles Basin and the San Fernando Valley for those hikers willi ...
.
Tiffany launched their Save the Wild Collection in 2017, a line at promoting endangered wildlife conservation. Save the Wild debuted as part of the #KnotOnMyPlanet wildlife conservation campaign. In 2018, Tiffany announced a commitment of approximately $1.4 million to
Australia
Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a Sovereign state, sovereign country comprising the mainland of the Australia (continent), Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous List of islands of Australia, sma ...
for efforts to protect and conserve the
Great Barrier Reef
The Great Barrier Reef is the world's largest coral reef system composed of over 2,900 individual reefs and 900 islands stretching for over over an area of approximately . The reef is located in the Coral Sea, off the coast of Queensland, ...
.
Corporate sustainability efforts
Tiffany has bought ethically mined
gold
Gold is a chemical element with the symbol Au (from la, aurum) and atomic number 79. This makes it one of the higher atomic number elements that occur naturally. It is a bright, slightly orange-yellow, dense, soft, malleable, and ductile met ...
since 1992. The company also abides by the
Kimberley certification process when sourcing
diamond
Diamond is a Allotropes of carbon, solid form of the element carbon with its atoms arranged in a crystal structure called diamond cubic. Another solid form of carbon known as graphite is the Chemical stability, chemically stable form of car ...
s.
Tiffany discontinued sales of coral jewelry in 2004 due to declining oceanic health.
In 2005, Tiffany joined Earthwork's No Dirty Gold campaign, becoming the first jewelry company to apply the Earthwork's Golden Rules for
responsible mining.
In 2006, Tiffany & Co. joined
Microsoft
Microsoft Corporation is an American multinational technology corporation producing computer software, consumer electronics, personal computers, and related services headquartered at the Microsoft Redmond campus located in Redmond, Washing ...
, IdustriALL Global Union, United Steelworkers along with others in founding the Initiative for Responsible Mining Assurance, known as IRMA.
In 2011, Tiffany joined the
United Nations Global Compact
The United Nations Global Compact is a non-binding United Nations pact to encourage businesses and firms worldwide to adopt sustainable and socially responsible policies, and to report on their implementation. The UN Global Compact is a princ ...
initiative in efforts to align company operations with the non-binding global sustainability and human rights goals.
In 2015, Anisa Costa was appointed Tiffany's first-ever Chief Sustainability Officer. That same year, Tiffany pledged to reach net-zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2050. The company also advocated for the U.S. to remain in the
Paris Agreement
The Paris Agreement (french: Accord de Paris), often referred to as the Paris Accords or the Paris Climate Accords, is an international treaty on climate change. Adopted in 2015, the agreement covers climate change mitigation, Climate change a ...
along with other companies.
In popular culture
The retailer has been mentioned in various works, most notably in the title of the 1958
Truman Capote
Truman Garcia Capote ( ; born Truman Streckfus Persons; September 30, 1924 – August 25, 1984) was an American novelist, screenwriter, playwright and actor. Several of his short stories, novels, and plays have been praised as literary classics, ...
novella ''
Breakfast at Tiffany's'', adapted as
the 1961 film starring
Audrey Hepburn
Audrey Hepburn (born Audrey Kathleen Ruston; 4 May 1929 – 20 January 1993) was a British actress and humanitarian. Recognised as both a film and fashion icon, she was ranked by the American Film Institute as the AFI's 100 Years...100 Stars, t ...
.
Gallery
File:WLA lacma Tiffany Studios Tea Set partial A.jpg, Silver tea pot
File:Johnson-343.jpg, White House china service for Lady Bird Johnson
Claudia Alta "Lady Bird" Johnson (''née'' Taylor; December 22, 1912 – July 11, 2007) was First Lady of the United States from 1963 to 1969 as the wife of President Lyndon B. Johnson. She previously served as Second Lady from 1961 to 1963 when ...
File:Tea Set by Tiffany & Company.jpg, Tea set, c. 1877, held at the Birmingham Museum of Art
The Birmingham Museum of Art is a museum in Birmingham, Alabama. It has one of the most extensive collections of artwork in the Southeastern United States, with more than 24,000 paintings, sculptures, prints, drawings, and decorative arts repres ...
File:Tiffany and Company - Frog - Walters 42288 - Three Quarter.jpg, Carved frog for display at the Exposition Universelle (1900)
The Exposition Universelle of 1900, better known in English as the 1900 Paris Exposition, was a world's fair held in Paris, France, from 14 April to 12 November 1900, to celebrate the achievements of the past century and to accelerate developmen ...
in Paris
Paris () is the capital and most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,165,423 residents in 2019 in an area of more than 105 km² (41 sq mi), making it the 30th most densely populated city in the world in 2020. S ...
File:Tiffany and Company - Necklace - Walters 572121.jpg, Diamond necklace, c. 1904
File:Hooker Emerald Brooch.jpg, Hooker Emerald Brooch, commissioned by Tiffany in 1950
File:Tiffany & Co, Tray. 1893.jpg, Tray or Waiter, displayed at World's Columbian Exposition, 1893, Brooklyn Museum
The Brooklyn Museum is an art museum located in the New York City borough of Brooklyn. At , the museum is New York City's second largest and contains an art collection with around 1.5 million objects. Located near the Prospect Heights, Crown H ...
See also
*
Art Nouveau glass art
*
Yeojin Bae
Yeojin Bae is a South Korean-born Australian women's wear fashion designer.
Early life
Bae was born in 1975 in Seoul, and moved to Sydney in 1980.
In an interview in 2010, Bae said that she had dreams of being a fashion designer from a youn ...
*
Clara Driscoll (Tiffany glass designer)
Clara Driscoll (December 15, 1861 – November 6, 1944) of Tallmadge, Ohio, was head of the Tiffany Studios Women's Glass Cutting Department (the "Tiffany Girls"), in New York City. Using patterns created from the original designs, these women s ...
*
Walter Hoving
Walter Hoving (December 2, 1897 – November 27, 1989) was a Swedish-born American businessman and writer. He was the chairman of Tiffany & Company from 1955 to 1980.
Early life
Hoving was born in Stockholm on December 2, 1897. He was a son of J ...
*
John Loring (designer)
*
Camille Le Tallec
*
Tiffany glass
Tiffany glass refers to the many and varied types of glass developed and produced from 1878 to 1933 at the Tiffany Studios in New York City, by Louis Comfort Tiffany and a team of other designers, including Clara Driscoll, Agnes F. Northrop, an ...
*
Tiffany lamp
Tiffany may refer to:
People
* Tiffany (given name), list of people with this name
* Tiffany (surname), list of people with this surname
Known mononymously as "Tiffany":
* Tiffany Darwish, (born 1971), an American singer, songwriter, actress kn ...
*
LVMH
LVMH Moët Hennessy Louis Vuitton (), commonly known as LVMH, is a French holding multinational corporation and conglomerate specializing in luxury goods, headquartered in Paris. The company was formed in 1987 through the merger of fashion house ...
Notes
References
* Bezdek, Richard H. ''American Swords and Sword Makers''. Boulder, Colorado: Paladin Press, 1999.
* Bizot, Chantal, Marie-Noël de Gary, and Évelyne Possémé. ''The Jewels of Jean Schlumberger''. New York: Harry N. Abrams, Publisher, 2001. (English translation)
* Carpenter, Charles and Janet Zapata. ''The Silver of Tiffany & Company, 1850–1987''. Boston: Museum of Fine Arts, 1987.
* Dietz, Ulysses Grant, Jenna Weissman Joselit, and Kevin J. Smead. ''The Glitter and the Gold: Fashioning America's Jewelry''. Newark: The National Endowment for the Humanities, 1997.
* Duncan, Alastair, Martin Eidelberg, and Neil Harris. ''Masterworks of Louis Comfort Tiffany''. New York: Harry N. Abrams, Inc., Publishers, 1989. Catalogue for an exhibition at the Renwick Gallery, Washington, D.C., from September 29, 1989 – March 4, 1990 and at the National Academy of Design, New York, from March 27 – July 8, 1990.
* Fashion Institute of Technology. ''
Elsa Peretti
Elsa Peretti, OMRI OMM (1 May 1940 – 18 March 2021), was an Italian jewelry designer and philanthropist as well as a fashion model. Her jewelry and design pieces for Tiffany & Co. are included in the 20th century collection of the British Mu ...
: Fifteen of My Fifty with Tiffany''. New York: Fashion Institute of Technology, 1990. Exhibition catalogue, April 24 – May 10, 1990.
* Frelinghuysen, Alice Cooney. ''Louis Comfort Tiffany and Laurelton Hall''. New Haven, Connecticut: Yale University Press, 2006.
* Green, Annette and Linda Dyett. ''Secrets of Aromatic Jewelry''. Paris: Flammarion, 1998.
* Hood, William P., with Roslyn Berlin and Edward Wawrynek. ''Tiffany Silver Flatware 1845–1905: When Dining was an Art''. Suffolk, England: Antique Collectors Club, 1999.
* Loring, John. ''Tiffany Colored Gems''. New York: Abrams, 2007. (Available Fall 2007)
* Loring, John. ''Greetings from Andy Warhol: Christmas at Tiffany's''. New York: Abrams, 2004.
* Loring, John. ''Louis Comfort Tiffany at Tiffany & Co.'' New York: Abrams, 2002.
* Loring, John. ''Magnificent Tiffany Silver''. New York: Abrams, 2001.
* Loring, John. ''The New Tiffany Tablesettings''. New York: Doubleday, 1981.
* Loring, John. ''Paulding Farnham: Tiffany's Lost Genius''. New York: Abrams, 2000.
* Loring, John. ''A Tiffany Christmas''. New York: Doubleday, 1996.
* Loring, John. ''Tiffany Diamonds''. New York: Abrams, 2005.
* Loring, John. ''Tiffany in Fashion''. New York: Abrams, 2003.
* Loring, John. ''Tiffany Flora and Fauna''. New York: Abrams, 2003.
* Loring, John. ''The Tiffany Gourmet Cookbook''. New York: Doubleday, 1992.
* Loring, John. ''Tiffany Jewels''. New York: Abrams, 1999.
* Loring, John. ''Tiffany's 150 Years''. New York: Doubleday, 1987.
* Loring, John. ''Tiffany's Palm Beach''. New York: Abrams, 2005.
* Loring, John. ''Tiffany Parties''. New York: Doubleday, 1989.
* Loring, John. ''Tiffany Pearls''. New York: Abrams, 2006.
* Loring, John. ''Tiffany Taste''. New York: Doubleday, 1986.
* Loring, John. ''Tiffany Timepieces''. New York: Abrams, 2004.
* Loring, John. ''Tiffany's 20th Century: A Portrait of American Style''. New York: Abrams, 1997.
* Loring, John. ''The Tiffany Wedding''. New York: Doubleday, 1988.
* Newman, Harold. ''An Illustrated Dictionary of Jewelry''. London: Thames and Hudson, 1981.
* Phillips, Clare. ''Bejewelled by Tiffany: 1837–1987''. New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 2006.
* Proddow, Penny and Debra Healy. ''American Jewelry, Glamour & Tradition''. New York: Rizzoli, 1987.
* Proddow, Penny and Debra Healy. ''Diamonds: A Century of Spectacular Jewels''. New York: Abrams, 1996.
* Purtell, Joseph. ''The Tiffany Touch''. New York: Random House, 1971.
* Ricci, Franco Maria. ''Jean Schlumberger''. Milan: Franco Maria Ricci, 1991.
* Schnierla, Peter and Penny Proddow. ''Tiffany: 150 Years of Gems and Jewelry''. New York: Tiffany & Co., 1987.
* Snowman, Kenneth A. ''The Master Jewelers''. New York: Abrams, 1990.
* Stern, Jewel. ''Modernism in American Silver''. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2005.
* Tiffany Retrospective: Designs from Tiffany and Co., 1837–1999. Tokyo and New York: APT, 1999.
* Un Diamant Dans La Ville: Jean Schlumberger 1907–1987 Bijoux - Objets. Paris: Musee des Arts decoratifs: 1995.
* Venable, Charles L. ''Silver in America 1840–1940: A Century of Splendor''. Dallas, Texas: Dallas Museum of Art, 1994.
* Warren, David B. et al. ''Marks of Achievement: Four Centuries of American Presentation Silver''. Houston: Museum of Fine Arts, in association with Harry N. Abrams, Inc., 1987.
* Zapata, Janet. ''The Jewelry and Enamels of Louis Comfort Tiffany''. New York: Harry N. Abrams, Publishers, 1993*.
External links
*
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