Tianhe District

Tianhe District () is one of the eleven districts of Guangzhou, the capital of Guangdong province. In Chinese, the name Tianhe literally means "a river in the sky/heavens", which is also a Chinese name for the Milky Way. It is bordered by Yuexiu District on the west, Baiyun District on the north and Huangpu District on the east. Haizhu District is on its south, though they are separated by the Pearl River.

Tianhe became a district in the 1980s as the city expanded its size. Back then, it was east of Dongshan District (which was merged into Yuexiu in 2005) and retained a suburban or even rural atmosphere. A majority of colleges and universities in the city were located in the district. However, Tianhe District has seen a sharp decline in arable land at an average rate of 1,000 mu per year due to urbanization since 1991. Tianhe has since developed into one of the most desirable areas in Guangzhou.

Symbolic landmarks of Guangzhou located in Tianhe District are: Citic Plaza, Guangzhou International Finance Center, Guangzhou Opera House, and the Guangdong Museum. The 6th and 9th of The National Games of the People's Republic of China, and the 2010 Asian Games were also held in Tianhe District, Guangzhou.

History

Prehistoric population settled in what is now Longdong Subdistrict () in the Neolithic Period. Eastern Han tombs were discovered in Tianhe. During the Song Dynasty, Tianhe area was called Dashuixu ().
The area of modern Tianhe District was part of Panyu County for more than two thousand years. The area was gradually put under Guangzhou's administration between 1937 and 1958. By the liberation of Guangzhou (October 1949), there were two districts in Tianhe area, namely Shahe () and Shipai (). In 1951 both districts were merged into the newly established Baiyun District, while five years later Baiyun was further merged with Huangpu and Xinjiao Districts to form suburban district (). In 1960 Jiaoqu was dissolved and the area consisting of modern Tianhe became Huangpu District, however it was reestablished two years later. In 1985 part of Jiaoqu was split, and Tianhe District was established then.

In 1987 Tonghe Town () was put into Baiyun District. In 1992 Yangji Cun was put into Dongshan District. By 1994, Kemulang (), Yushatan (), and Fenghuang () Farms along with Shadongcun () and Erduicun were placed under Tianhe's jurisdiction. In 2000, former Xintang (), Mubei (), Lingtang (), and Yushu () Farms were also placed under Tianhe and the farms gradually became subdistricts.

Administrative divisions

Developments

The first big project built in the district during the 1980s was the Tianhe Sports Center when the city was selected to host the Sixth National Games in 1986. The complex includes a stadium of 65,000 seats, a gymnasium and an indoor swimming pool. Its construction had a lasting impact on the development of the district. Soon other projects followed and rice fields gave way to residential complexes called '' xiaoqu'' (meaning "little districts"). The construction of ''xiaoqu'' began in the mid and late eighties and most of them had residential buildings of no more than 10 stories. Each floor was kept to no more than four units due to the lack of elevators since they would increase the construction cost. Also, due to the sheer number of residential buildings – some ''xiaoqu'' had more than 20 residential buildings – a lot of land was needed and thus converted.

The building of Guangzhou East railway station in 1990 further contributed to the growth of the district. The old Guangzhou Railway Station is to the west and was the terminus for trains to and from Beijing and Hong Kong. To relieve the traffic, the East Railroad Station was built and is now the terminus for trains to and from Hong Kong and Shenzhen.

As the district developed, the size of ''xiaoqu'' became smaller since land became more valuable and expensive. Most of the new ''xiaoqu'' now only consist of four to six residential buildings but each can contain 30 floors or more since the growth of district attracted big developers where the cost of construction (such as elevators) was no longer an issue. Also, taller residential buildings gave rise to taller office buildings.

South of the Sports Center and north of the Zhujiang River is Zhujiang New Town, an area desolate a decade ago but which is now one of the fastest-developing areas of Guangzhou. Many of Guangzhou's newest and most iconic buildings are found in this part of the district.

Several venues used for the 2010 Asian Games are located in Tianhe District.

Economy

* Guangzhou Science City
*Kung Fu restaurants has its headquarters in the district
*Jinyi Cinemas has its headquarters in the district
* Chow Sang Sang's Mainland division, Chow Sang Sang (China) Company LimitedCHOW SANG SANG: Shining Return after 62 Years

Archive
. City of Guangzhou. Retrieved on May 9, 2014.
*Google has its Guangzhou office in Teemtower (天河城大厦) of Teem Plaza.
*All Nippon Airways operates its Guangzhou Office in the district. Since May 3, 2011 it has been located in Tower A of Victory Plaza. On May 2, 2011 and prior, it was located in the 2605 CITIC Plaza.
* Renren.com has its Guangzhou office in China Shine Plaza (耀中广场).
* 56.com was headquartered in Huajingyuan (华景园) in Tianhe Software Park (天河软件园) when it was an independent company.
*R&F Properties has its head office in Zhujiang New Town.
* Agile Property is in Tianhe District.
*Hopson Development was previously in Zhujiang New Town.

Diplomatic missions

The Consulate General of the United States, Guangzhou is in Zhujiang New Town, Tianhe District.

Education

Many of the city's colleges and universities are located in the district. They include:
* Guangzhou Sport University
* PLA Institute of Physical Education, Guangzhou
* Jinan University
* Guangdong University of Technology
* South China Agricultural University
* South China University of Technology
* South China Normal University

International schools in the district include:
* Japanese School of Guangzhou

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