The American Chemical Society (ACS) is a scientific society based in the United States that supports scientific inquiry in the field of

chemistry Chemistry is the science, scientific study of the properties and behavior of matter. It is a natural science that covers the Chemical element, elements that make up matter to the chemical compound, compounds made of atoms, molecules and ions ...

. Founded in 1876 at New York University, the ACS currently has more than 155,000 members at all degree levels and in all fields of chemistry, chemical engineering, and related fields. It is one of the world's largest scientific societies by membership. The ACS is a

501(c)(3) A 501(c)(3) organization is a United States corporation, trust, unincorporated association or other type of organization exempt from federal income tax under section 501(c)(3) of Title 26 of the United States Code. It is one of the 29 types of 50 ...

non-profit organization and holds a

congressional charter A congressional charter is a law passed by the United States Congress that states the mission, authority, and activities of a group. Congress issued federal charters from 1791 until 1992 under Title 36 of the United States Code. The first charte ...

under Title 36 of the United States Code. Its headquarters are located in Washington, D.C., and it has a large concentration of staff in

Columbus, Ohio Columbus () is the state capital and the most populous city in the U.S. state of Ohio. With a 2020 census population of 905,748, it is the 14th-most populous city in the U.S., the second-most populous city in the Midwest, after Chicago, and t ...

. The ACS is a leading source of scientific information through its peer-reviewed scientific journals, national conferences, and the Chemical Abstracts Service. Its publications division produces over 60

scholarly journals An academic journal or scholarly journal is a periodical publication in which scholarship relating to a particular academic discipline is published. Academic journals serve as permanent and transparent forums for the presentation, scrutiny, and d ...

including the prestigious '' Journal of the American Chemical Society'', as well as the weekly trade magazine '' Chemical & Engineering News''. The ACS holds national meetings twice a year covering the complete field of chemistry and also holds smaller conferences concentrating on specific chemical fields or geographic regions. The primary source of income of the ACS is the Chemical Abstracts Service, a provider of chemical databases worldwide. The ACS has student chapters in virtually every major university in the United States and outside the United States as well. These student chapters mainly focus on volunteering opportunities, career development, and the discussion of student and faculty research. The organization also publishes textbooks, administers several national chemistry awards, provides grants for scientific research, and supports various educational and outreach activities.

History

Creation

In 1874, a group of American chemists gathered at the

Joseph Priestley House The Joseph Priestley House was the American home of 18th-century British theologian, Dissenting clergyman, natural philosopher (and discoverer of oxygen), educator, and political theorist Joseph Priestley (1733–1804) from 1798 until his death. ...

to mark the 100th anniversary of Priestley's discovery of oxygen. Although there was an American scientific society at that time (the

American Association for the Advancement of Science The American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) is an American international non-profit organization with the stated goals of promoting cooperation among scientists, defending scientific freedom, encouraging scientific respons ...

, founded in 1848), the growth of

in the U.S. prompted those assembled to consider founding a new society that would focus more directly on theoretical and applied chemistry. Two years later, on April 6, 1876, during a meeting of chemists at the University of the City of New York (now New York University) the American Chemical Society was founded. The society received its charter of incorporation from the State of New York in 1877.

Charles F. Chandler Charles Frederick Chandler (December 6, 1836 – August 25, 1925) was an American chemist, best known for his regulatory work in public health, sanitation, and consumer safety in New York City, as well as his work in chemical education—first a ...

, a professor of chemistry at Columbia University who was instrumental in organizing the society said that such a body would "prove a powerful and healthy stimulus to original research, … would awaken and develop much talent now wasting in isolation, …

ring Ring may refer to: * Ring (jewellery), a round band, usually made of metal, worn as ornamental jewelry * To make a sound with a bell, and the sound made by a bell :(hence) to initiate a telephone connection Arts, entertainment and media Film and ...

members of the association into closer union, and ensure a better appreciation of our science and its students on the part of the general public." Although Chandler was a likely choice to become the society's first president because of his role in organizing the society, New York University chemistry professor

John William Draper John William Draper (May 5, 1811 – January 4, 1882) was an English-born American scientist, philosopher, physician, chemist, historian and photographer. He is credited with producing the first clear photograph of a female face (1839–40) and ...

was elected as the first president of the society because of his national reputation. Draper was a photochemist and pioneering photographer who had produced one of the first photographic portraits in 1840. Chandler would later serve as president in 1881 and 1889. In the ACS logo, originally designed in the early 20th century by Tiffany's Jewelers and used since 1909, a stylized symbol of a kaliapparat is used.

Growth

The '' Journal of the American Chemical Society'' was founded in 1879 to publish original chemical research. It was the first journal published by ACS and is still the society's flagship peer-reviewed publication. In 1907, Chemical Abstracts was established as a separate journal (it previously appeared within JACS), which later became the Chemical Abstracts Service, a division of ACS that provides chemical information to researchers and others worldwide. '' Chemical & Engineering News'' is a weekly trade magazine that has been published by ACS since 1923. The society adopted a new constitution aimed at nationalizing the organization in 1890. In 1905, the American Chemical Society moved from New York City to Washington, D.C. ACS was reincorporated under a

in 1937. It was granted by the U.S. Congress and signed by president Franklin D. Roosevelt. ACS's headquarters moved to its current location in downtown Washington in 1941.

Organization

Divisions

ACS first established technical divisions in 1908 to foster the exchange of information among scientists who work in particular fields of chemistry or professional interests. Divisional activities include organizing technical sessions at ACS meetings, publishing books and resources, administering awards and lectureships, and conducting other events. The original five divisions were 1) organic chemistry, 2) industrial chemists and chemical engineers, 3) agricultural and food chemistry, 4) fertilizer chemistry, and 5) physical and inorganic chemistry. As of 2016, there are 32 technical divisions of ACS. *

Agricultural Agriculture or farming is the practice of cultivating Plant, plants and livestock. Agriculture was the key development in the rise of Sedentism, sedentary human civilization, whereby farming of Domestication, domesticated species created food ...

and Food Chemistry * Agrochemicals * Analytical Chemistry * Biochemical Technology * Biological Chemistry * Business Development & Management * Carbohydrate chemistry * Catalysis Science & Technology * Cellulose and Renewable Materials * Chemical Education * Chemical Health & Safety *

Chemical Information Cheminformatics (also known as chemoinformatics) refers to use of physical chemistry theory with computer and information science techniques—so called "''in silico''" techniques—in application to a range of descriptive and prescriptive problem ...

* Chemical Toxicology * Chemistry & the Law *

Colloid A colloid is a mixture in which one substance consisting of microscopically dispersed insoluble particles is suspended throughout another substance. Some definitions specify that the particles must be dispersed in a liquid, while others extend ...

& Surface Chemistry * Computers in Chemistry * Energy &

Fuel A fuel is any material that can be made to react with other substances so that it releases energy as thermal energy or to be used for work. The concept was originally applied solely to those materials capable of releasing chemical energy but ...

s * Environmental chemistry *

Fluorine Fluorine is a chemical element with the symbol F and atomic number 9. It is the lightest halogen and exists at standard conditions as a highly toxic, pale yellow diatomic gas. As the most electronegative reactive element, it is extremely reacti ...

Chemistry * Geochemistry *

History of Chemistry The history of chemistry represents a time span from ancient history to the present. By 1000 BC, civilizations used technologies that would eventually form the basis of the various branches of chemistry. Examples include the discovery of fire, e ...

* Industrial & Engineering Chemistry *

Inorganic Chemistry Inorganic chemistry deals with synthesis and behavior of inorganic and organometallic compounds. This field covers chemical compounds that are not carbon-based, which are the subjects of organic chemistry. The distinction between the two disci ...

* Medicinal Chemistry * Nuclear Chemistry and Technology * Organic Chemistry * Physical Chemistry * Polymer Chemistry * Polymeric Materials: Science and Engineering * Professional Relations * Rubber * Small Chemical Businesses

Division of Organic Chemistry

This is the largest division of the Society. It marked its 100th Anniversary in 2008. The first Chair of the Division was Edward Curtis Franklin. The Organic Division played a part in establishing Organic Syntheses, Inc. and Organic Reactions, Inc. and it maintains close ties to both organizations. The Division's best known activities include organizing symposia (talks and poster sessions) at the biannual ACS National Meetings, for the purpose of recognizing promising Assistant Professors, talented young researchers, outstanding technical contributions from junior-level chemists, in the field of organic chemistry. The symposia also honor national award winners, including the

Arthur C. Cope Award The Arthur C. Cope Award is a prize awarded for achievement in the field of organic chemistry research. It is sponsored by the Arthur C. Cope Fund, and has been awarded annually since 1973 by the American Chemical Society. It consists of $25,000, ...

, Cope Scholar Award, James Flack Norris Award in Physical Organic Chemistry, Herbert C. Brown Award for Creative Research in Synthetic Methods. The Division helps to organize symposia at the international meeting called Pacifichem and it organizes the biennial National Organic Chemistry Symposium (NOS) which highlights recent advances in organic chemistry and hosts the Roger Adams Award address. The Division also organizes corporate sponsorships to provide fellowships for PhD students and undergraduates. It also organizes the Graduate Research Symposium and manages award and travel grant programs for undergraduates.

Local sections

Local sections were authorized in 1890 and are autonomous units of the American Chemical Society. They elect their own officers and select representatives to the national ACS organization. Local sections also provide professional development opportunities for members, organize community outreach events, offer awards, and conduct other business. The Rhode Island Section was the first local section of ACS, organized in 1891. There are currently 186 local sections of the American Chemical Society in all 50 states, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico.

International Chemical Sciences Chapters

International Chemical Sciences Chapters allow ACS members outside of the U.S. to organize locally for professional and scientific exchange. There are currently 24 International Chemical Sciences Chapters. * Australia * Brazil *

China China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. It is the world's most populous country, with a population exceeding 1.4 billion, slightly ahead of India. China spans the equivalent of five time zones and ...

Colombia Colombia (, ; ), officially the Republic of Colombia, is a country in South America with insular regions in North America—near Nicaragua's Caribbean coast—as well as in the Pacific Ocean. The Colombian mainland is bordered by the Car ...

* Georgia * Hong Kong * Hungary * India * Iraq * Jordan * Malaysia * Nigeria * Pakistan * Peru * Qatar * Republic of China (Taiwan) * Romania * Saudi Arabia * Shanghai * South Africa * South Korea * Southwestern China * Thailand * United Arab Emirates

Educational activities and programs

Chemical education and outreach

ACS states that it offers teacher training to support the professional development of science teachers so they can better present chemistry in the classroom, foster the scientific curiosity of our nation's youth and encourage future generations to pursue scientific careers. As of 2009, Clifford and Kathryn Hach donated $33 million to ACS, to continue the work of the Hach Scientific Foundation in supporting high school chemistry teaching. The Society sponsors the United States National Chemistry Olympiad (USNCO), a contest used to select the four-member team that represents the United States at the International Chemistry Olympiad (IChO). The ACS Division of Chemical Education provides standardized tests for various subfields of chemistry. The two most commonly used tests are the undergraduate-level tests for general and organic chemistry. Each of these tests consists of 70 multiple-choice questions, and gives students 110 minutes to complete the exam. The ACS also approves certified undergraduate programs in chemistry. A student who completes the required laboratory and course work—sometimes in excess of what a particular college may require for its Bachelor's degree—is considered by the Society to be well trained for professional work. The ACS coordinates two annual public awareness campaigns,

National Chemistry Week National Chemistry Week (NCW) is an annual event held in the United States to raise public awareness of the importance of chemistry in everyday life. It is coordinated by the American Chemical Society (ACS). NCW is a community-based program that u ...

and Chemists Celebrate Earth Week, as part of its educational outreach. Since 1978 and 2003 respectively, the campaigns have been celebrated with a yearly theme, such as "Chemistry Colors Our World" (2015) and "Energy: Now and Forever!" (2013).

Green Chemistry Institute

The Green Chemistry Institute (GCI) supports the "implementation of green chemistry and engineering throughout the global chemistry enterprise." The GCI organizes an annual conference, the Green Chemistry and Engineering Conference, provides research grants, administers awards, and provides information and support for green chemistry practices to educators, researchers, and industry. The GCI was founded in 1997 as an independent non-profit organization, by chemists

Joe Breen Joseph M. Breen (April 23, 1897 – October 13, 1978) was a star football player in the Canadian Football League for two seasons for the Toronto Argonauts. Later, he coached at the University of Western Ontario and was a referee from 1935 throug ...

and Dennis Hjeresen in cooperation with the

Environmental Protection Agency A biophysical environment is a biotic and abiotic surrounding of an organism or population, and consequently includes the factors that have an influence in their survival, development, and evolution. A biophysical environment can vary in scale f ...

. In 2001, the GCI became a part of the American Chemical Societ

Petroleum Research Fund

The Petroleum Research Fund (PRF) is an endowment fund administered by the ACS that supports advanced education and fundamental research in the petroleum and fossil fuel fields at non-profit institutions. Several categories of grants are offered for various career levels and institutions. The fund awarded more than $25 million in grants in 2007. The PRF traces its origins to the acquisition of the UOP LLC, Universal Oil Products laboratory by a consortium of oil companies in 1931. The companies established a trust fund, The Petroleum Research Fund, in 1944 to prevent antitrust litigation tied to their UOP assets. The ACS was named the beneficiary of the trust. The first grants from the PRF were awarded in 1954. In 2000, the trust was transferred to the ACS. The ACS established The American Chemical Society Petroleum Research Fund and the previous trust was dissolved. The PRF trust was valued at $144.7 million in December 2014.

Other programs

The ACS International Activities is the birthplace of the ACS International Center, an online resource for scientists and engineers looking to study abroad or explore an international career or internship. The site houses information on hundreds of scholarships and grants related to all levels of experience to promote scientific mobility of researchers and practitioners in STEM fields. The Society grants membership to undergraduates as student members provided they can pay the $25 yearly dues. Any university may start its own ACS Student Chapter and receive benefits of undergraduate participation in regional conferences and discounts on ACS publications.

Awards

National awards

The American Chemical Society administers 64 national awards, medals and prizes based on scientific contributions at various career levels that promote achievement across the chemical sciences. The ACS national awards program began in 1922 with the establishment of the

Priestley Medal The Priestley Medal is the highest honor conferred by the American Chemical Society (ACS) and is awarded for distinguished service in the field of chemistry. Established in 1922, the award is named after Joseph Priestley, the discoverer of oxygen ...

, the highest award offered by the ACS, which is given for distinguished services to chemistry. The 2019 recipient of the Priestley Medal is

K. Barry Sharpless Karl Barry Sharpless (born April 28, 1941) is an American chemist and a two-time Nobel laureate in Chemistry known for his work on stereoselective reactions and click chemistry. Sharpless was awarded half of the 2001 Nobel Prize in Chemistry " ...

Other awards

Additional awards are offered by divisions, local sections and other bodies of ACS. The

William H. Nichols Medal Award The William H. Nichols Medal is awarded annually for original research in chemistry. Nominees must have made a "significant and original contribution in any field of chemistry" during the five years preceding the presentation date. The medallist ...

was the first ACS award to honor outstanding researchers in the field of chemistry. It was established in 1903 by the ACS New York Section and is named for William H. Nichols, an American chemist and businessman and one of the original founders of ACS. Of the over 100 Nichols Medalists, 16 have subsequently been awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry. The Willard Gibbs Award, granted by the ACS Chicago Section, was established in 1910 in honor of Josiah Willard Gibbs, the Yale University professor who formulated the phase rule. The Georgia Local Section of ACS has awarded the

Herty Medal ThLocal Sectionof the American Chemical Society has awarded the Herty Medal since 1933 in honor of Charles Herty. The medallion is solid gold and is inscribed with the words "pro scientia et patria - Herty 1933." The Latin phrase translates roughly ...

since 1933 recognizing outstanding chemists who have significantly contributed to their chosen fields. All chemists in academic, government, or industrial laboratories who have been residing in the southeastern United States for at least 10 years are eligible. The New York Section of ACS also gives Leadership Awards. The Leadership Awards are the highest honors given by the Chemical Marketing and Economic Group of ACS NY since December 6, 2012. They are presented to leaders of industry, investments, and other sectors, for their contributions to science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) initiatives. Honorees include

Andrew N. Liveris Andrew N. Liveris (born 5 May 1954) is an Australian former CEO and chairman of The Dow Chemical Company of Midland, Michigan. Liveris has been a member of Dow's board of directors since February 2004, CEO since November 2004 and was elected as ...

(Dow Chemical), P. Roy Vagelos (Regeneron, Merck),

Thomas M. Connelly Thomas M. Connelly Jr., born in Toledo, Ohio in June 1952, is an American business executive with a focus on chemical engineering. In February 2015, he succeeded Madeleine Jacobs as chief executive officer and executive director of the American ...

(DuPont) and Juan Pablo del Valle (Mexichem). The ACS also administers regional awards presented annually at regional meetings. This includes the E. Ann Nalley Regional Award for Volunteer Service to the American Chemical Society, Regional Awards for Excellence in High School Teaching, and the Stanley C. Israel Regional Award for Advancing Diversity in the Chemical Sciences.

Journals and magazines

ACS Publications is the publishing division of the ACS. It is a nonprofit

academic publisher Academic publishing is the subfield of publishing which distributes academic research and scholarship. Most academic work is published in academic journal articles, books or theses. The part of academic written output that is not formally publ ...

scientific journal In academic publishing, a scientific journal is a periodical publication intended to further the progress of science, usually by reporting new research. Content Articles in scientific journals are mostly written by active scientists such as s ...

s covering various fields of chemistry and related sciences. As of 2021, ACS Publications published the following peer-reviewed journals: * '' Accounts of Chemical Research'' * ''

Accounts of Materials Research Account may refer to: * Account (bookkeeping) * A report * A bank account ** Deposit account ** Personal account ** Sweep account ** Transaction account * User account, the means by which a user can access a computer system * Customer of a c ...

'' * '' ACS Agricultural Science & Technology'' * ''

ACS Applied Bio Materials ACS or Acs may refer to: Organizations and societies * American Cancer Society, an American voluntary health organization dedicated to eliminating cancer * American Ceramic Society, an American professional organization * American Cheese Societ ...

'' * ''

ACS Applied Electronic Materials ACS or Acs may refer to: Organizations and societies * American Cancer Society, an American voluntary health organization dedicated to eliminating cancer * American Ceramic Society, an American professional organization * American Cheese Societ ...

'' * ''

ACS Applied Energy Materials ''ACS Applied Energy Materials'' is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal that was established in 2018 by the American Chemical Society. It covers aspects of materials, engineering, chemistry, physics, and biology relevant to sustainable appli ...

'' * ''

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces ''ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces'' is a peer-reviewed scientific journal that was established in 2009 by the American Chemical Society. Originally published monthly, the journal became biweekly in 2013 and weekly in 2015. The current editor-in- ...

'' * ''

ACS Applied Nano Materials ACS or Acs may refer to: Organizations and societies * American Cancer Society, an American voluntary health organization dedicated to eliminating cancer * American Ceramic Society, an American professional organization * American Cheese Societ ...

'' * ''

ACS Applied Polymer Materials ACS or Acs may refer to: Organizations and societies * American Cancer Society, an American voluntary health organization dedicated to eliminating cancer * American Ceramic Society, an American professional organization * American Cheese Societ ...

'' * '' ACS Bio & Med Chem Au'' * '' ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering'' * ''

ACS Catalysis ''ACS Catalysis'' is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal established in 2011 by the American Chemical Society. The journal covers research on all aspects of heterogeneous, homogeneous, and biocatalysis. The editor-in-chief is Cathleen Crudd ...

'' * ''

ACS Central Science ''ACS Central Science'' is a monthly peer-reviewed open access scientific journal covering chemistry and related fields. Its title refers to the phrase "central science", which has long been used to describe the role played by chemistry in connec ...

'' * ''

ACS Chemical Biology ''ACS Chemical Biology'' is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal published since 2006 by the American Chemical Society. It covers research at the interface between chemistry and biology spanning all aspects of chemical biology. The founding ...

'' * '' ACS Chemical Health & Safety'' * ''

ACS Chemical Neuroscience ''ACS Chemical Neuroscience'' is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal published by the American Chemical Society. It covers research on the molecular underpinnings of nerve function. The journal was established in 2010. The founding editor- ...

'' * '' ACS Combinatorial Science'' * '' ACS Earth and Space Chemistry'' * ''

ACS Energy Letters ''ACS Energy Letters'' is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal published by the American Chemical Society. It was established in 2016 and the editor-in-chief is Prashant V. Kamat (University of Notre Dame). It covers research on all aspects o ...

'' * ''

ACS Engineering Au ACS or Acs may refer to: Organizations and societies * American Cancer Society, an American voluntary health organization dedicated to eliminating cancer * American Ceramic Society, an American professional organization * American Cheese Societ ...

'' * ''

ACS Environmental Au ACS or Acs may refer to: Organizations and societies * American Cancer Society, an American voluntary health organization dedicated to eliminating cancer * American Ceramic Society, an American professional organization * American Cheese Society ...

'' * '' ACS ES&T Engineering'' * '' ACS ES&T Water'' * '' ACS Food Science & Technology'' * ''

ACS Infectious Diseases ACS or Acs may refer to: Organizations and societies * American Cancer Society, an American voluntary health organization dedicated to eliminating cancer * American Ceramic Society, an American professional organization * American Cheese Societ ...

'' * ''

ACS Macro Letters ''ACS Macro Letters'' is a peer-reviewed scientific journal published by the American Chemical Society. , ''ACS Macro Letters'' has the highest impact factor of any journal in the field of polymer science (6.131). With the launch of ''ACS Macro ...

'' * ''

ACS Materials Au ACS or Acs may refer to: Organizations and societies * American Cancer Society, an American voluntary health organization dedicated to eliminating cancer * American Ceramic Society, an American professional organization * American Cheese Societ ...

'' * ''

ACS Materials Letters ACS or Acs may refer to: Organizations and societies * American Cancer Society, an American voluntary health organization dedicated to eliminating cancer * American Ceramic Society, an American professional organization * American Cheese Society ...

'' * ''

ACS Measurement Science Au ACS or Acs may refer to: Organizations and societies * American Cancer Society, an American voluntary health organization dedicated to eliminating cancer * American Ceramic Society, an American professional organization * American Cheese Societ ...

'' * ''

ACS Medicinal Chemistry Letters ''ACS Medicinal Chemistry Letters'' is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal covering medicinal chemistry. It was established in 2009 and is published by the American Chemical Society. The editor-in-chief is Dennis C. Liotta (Emory University) ...

'' * ''

ACS Nano ''ACS Nano'' is a monthly, peer-reviewed, scientific journal, first published in August 2007 by the American Chemical Society. The current editor in chief is Xiaodong Chen (Nanyang Technological University). The journal publishes original research ...

'' * ''

ACS Nanoscience Au ACS or Acs may refer to: Organizations and societies * American Cancer Society, an American voluntary health organization dedicated to eliminating cancer * American Ceramic Society, an American professional organization * American Cheese Society ...

'' * ''

ACS Omega ''ACS Omega'' is a weekly peer-reviewed scientific journal published since 2016 by the American Chemical Society. The editors-in-chief are Krishna Ganesh and Deqing Zhang. According to the ''Journal Citation Reports'', the journal has a 2021 impa ...

'' * '' ACS Organic & Inorganic Au'' * '' ACS Pharmacology & Translational Science'' * ''

ACS Photonics ''ACS Photonics'' is a monthly, peer-reviewed, scientific journal, first published in January 2014 by the American Chemical Society. The current editor in chief iRomain Quidant(ETH Zürich). The interdisciplinary journal publishes original research ...

'' * '' ACS Physical Chem Au'' * ''

ACS Polymers Au ACS or Acs may refer to: Organizations and societies * American Cancer Society, an American voluntary health organization dedicated to eliminating cancer * American Ceramic Society, an American professional organization * American Cheese Societ ...

'' * ''

ACS Sensors ACS or Acs may refer to: Organizations and societies * American Cancer Society, an American voluntary health organization dedicated to eliminating cancer * American Ceramic Society, an American professional organization * American Cheese Societ ...

'' * '' ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering'' * ''

ACS Synthetic Biology ''ACS Synthetic Biology'' is a peer-reviewed scientific journal published by the American Chemical Society. It began publishing accepted articles in the Fall of 2011, with the first full monthly issue published in January 2012. It covers all aspe ...

'' * '' Analytical Chemistry'' * '' Biochemistry'' * '' Bioconjugate Chemistry'' * ''

Biomacromolecules ''Biomacromolecules'' is a peer-reviewed scientific journal published since 2000 by the American Chemical Society. It is abstracted and indexed in Chemical Abstracts Service, Scopus, EBSCOhost, PubMed, and Science Citation Index Expanded. , the ...

'' * ''

Bulletin for the History of Chemistry The ''Bulletin for the History of Chemistry'' is a peer-reviewed scientific journal that publishes articles on the history of chemistry. The journal is published by the History of Chemistry Division of the American Chemical Society. {{DEFAULTS ...

'' * ''

Biotechnology Progress Biotechnology is the integration of natural sciences and engineering sciences in order to achieve the application of organisms, cells, parts thereof and molecular analogues for products and services. The term ''biotechnology'' was first used by ...

'' * '' Chemical Research in Toxicology'' * '' Chemical Reviews'' * ''

Chemistry of Materials Chemistry of Materials is a peer-reviewed scientific journal, published since 1989 by the American Chemical Society. ''Chemistry of Materials'' is currently indexed in: Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS), SCOPUS, EBSCOhost, British Library, Swetswi ...

'' * ''

Crystal Growth & Design ''Crystal Growth & Design'' is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal published by the American Chemical Society. It was established in January 2001 as a bimonthly journal and changed to a monthly frequency in 2006. The editor-in-chief is Jonat ...

'' * '' Energy & Fuels'' * '' Environmental Science & Technology'' * ''

Environmental Science & Technology Letters ''Environmental Science & Technology Letters'' is an online-only peer-reviewed scientific journal publishing brief research reports in the fields of environmental science and technology. It was first opened to submissions in 2013, with its first ...

'' * ''

Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research ''Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research'' is a peer-reviewed scientific journal published by the American Chemical Society covering all aspects of chemical engineering. The editor-in-chief is Phillip E. Savage ( Pennsylvania State Univers ...

'' * ''

JACS Au JACS or Jacs may refer to: * Jewish Alcoholics, Chemically Dependent Persons and Significant Others * Joint Academic Coding System, a system to classify academic subjects in the United Kingdom * ''Journal of the American Ceramic Society'' * ''Jou ...

'' * '' Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry'' * '' Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data'' * '' Journal of Chemical Education'' * '' Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling'' * ''

Journal of Chemical Theory and Computation ''Journal of Chemical Theory and Computation'' is a peer-reviewed scientific journal, established in 2005 by the American Chemical Society. It is indexed in Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS), Scopus, British Library, and Web of Science. The curre ...

'' * '' Journal of Medicinal Chemistry'' * '' Journal of Natural Products'' * '' Journal of Organic Chemistry'' * ''

Journal of Proteome Research The ''Journal of Proteome Research'' is a peer-reviewed scientific journal published since 2002 by the American Chemical Society. Its publication frequency switched from bimonthly to monthly in 2006. The current editor-in-chief is John R. Yates. ...

'' * '' Journal of the American Chemical Society'' * '' Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry'' * '' Langmuir'' * '' Macromolecules'' * ''

Molecular Pharmaceutics ''Molecular Pharmaceutics'' is a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering research on the molecular mechanistic understanding of drug delivery and drug delivery systems, including physical and pharmaceutical chemistry, biochemistry and biophysic ...

'' * '' Nano Letters'' * ''

Organic Letters ''Organic Letters'' is a biweekly peer-reviewed scientific journal covering research in organic chemistry. It was established in 1999 and is published by the American Chemical Society. In 2014, the journal moved to a hybrid open access publishing ...

'' * ''

Organic Process Research & Development ''Organic Process Research & Development'' is a peer-reviewed scientific journal published since 1997 by the American Chemical Society. Its publication frequency switched from bimonthly to monthly in 2012. It is indexed in Chemical Abstracts Servic ...

'' * '' Organometallics'' * ''

The Journal of Organic Chemistry ''The Journal of Organic Chemistry'', colloquially known as ''JOC'', is a peer-reviewed scientific journal for original contributions of fundamental research in all branches of theory and practice in organic and bioorganic chemistry. It is publ ...

'' * '' The Journal of Physical Chemistry A'' * ''

The Journal of Physical Chemistry B ''The Journal of Physical Chemistry B'' is a peer-reviewed scientific journal that covers research on several fields of material chemistry (macromolecules, soft matter, and surfactants) as well as statistical mechanics, thermodynamics, and biophysi ...

'' * ''

The Journal of Physical Chemistry C ''The'' () is a grammatical article in English, denoting persons or things already mentioned, under discussion, implied or otherwise presumed familiar to listeners, readers, or speakers. It is the definite article in English. ''The'' is the m ...

'' * '' The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters'' In addition to academic journals, ACS Publications also publishes '' Chemical & Engineering News'', a weekly trade magazine covering news in the chemical profession, ''inChemistry'', a magazine for undergraduate students, and ''ChemMatters'', a magazine for high school students and teachers. ACS also created ChemRxiv, which is an

open access Open access (OA) is a set of principles and a range of practices through which research outputs are distributed online, free of access charges or other barriers. With open access strictly defined (according to the 2001 definition), or libre op ...

preprint In academic publishing, a preprint is a version of a scholarly or scientific paper that precedes formal peer review and publication in a peer-reviewed scholarly or scientific journal. The preprint may be available, often as a non-typeset versio ...

repository Repository may refer to: Archives and online databases * Content repository, a database with an associated set of data management tools, allowing application-independent access to the content * Disciplinary repository (or subject repository), an ...

for the chemical sciences, co-owned, and collaboratively managed by the American Chemical Society (ACS), German Chemical Society (GDCh), Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC), the chemistry community, other societies, funders, and non-profits; open for submissions and available for all readers at ChemRxiv.

Controversies

Open access

In debates about free access to scientific information, the ACS has been described as "in an interesting dilemma, with some of its representatives pushing for open access and others hating the very thought." The ACS has generally opposed legislation that would mandate free access to scientific journal articles and chemical information. However it has recently launched new open access journals and provided authors with open access publishing options.

Journals

The mid-2000s saw a debate between some research funders (including the federal government), which argued that research they funded should be presented freely to the public, and some publishers (including the ACS), which argued that the costs of peer-review and publishing justified their subscription prices. In 2006, Congress debated legislation that would have instructed the National Institutes of Health (NIH) to require all investigators it funded to submit copies of final, peer-reviewed journal articles to PubMed Central, a free-access digital repository it operates, within 12 months of publication. At the time the

American Association of Publishers The Association of American Publishers (AAP) is the national trade association of the American book publishing industry. AAP lobbies for book, journal, and education publishers in the United States. AAP members include most of the major commercial ...

(of which ACS is a member) hired a public relations firm to counter the open access movement. In spite of publishers' opposition, the PubMed Central legislation was passed in December 2007 and became effective in 2008. As the open access issue has continued to evolve, so too has the ACS's position. In response to a 2013 White House Office of Science and Technology Policy directive that instructed federal agencies to provide greater access to federally funded research, the ACS joined other scholarly publishers in establishing the Clearinghouse for the Open Research of the United States (Chorus) to allow free access to published articles. The ACS has also introduced several open access publishing options for its journals, including providing authors the option to pay an upfront fee to enable free online access to their articles. In 2015, the ACS launched the first fully open access journal in the society's history, ''ACS Central Science''. The ACS states that the journal offers the same peer-review standards as its subscription journals, but without publishing charges to either authors or readers. A second open access title, ''ACS Omega'', an interdisciplinary mega journal, launched in 2016. In December 2020, the ACS launched a series of 9 open access journals under the name ''ACS Au'' (chemical symbol for gold) which include ''ACS Bio & Med Chem Au'', ''ACS Engineering Au'', ''ACS Environmental Au'', ''ACS Materials Au'', ''ACS Measurement Science Au'', ''ACS Nanoscience Au'', ''ACS Organic & Inorganic Au'', ''ACS Physical Chem Au'' and ''ACS Polymers Au''.

Databases

In 2005, the ACS was criticized for opposing the creation of PubChem, which is an

chemical database developed by the NIH's National Center for Biotechnology Information. The ACS raised concerns that the publicly supported PubChem database would duplicate and unfairly compete with their existing fee-based Chemical Abstracts Service and argued that the database should only present data created by the Molecular Libraries Screening Center initiative of the NIH. The ACS lobbied members of the United States Congress to rein in PubChemDavid Kestenbaum
"Chemical Society: NIH Database Hurts Business"
, ''All Things Considered'', June 12, 2005. and hired outside lobbying firms to try to persuade congressional members, the NIH, and the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) against establishing a publicly funded database. The ACS was unsuccessful, and as of 2012 PubChem is the world's largest free chemical database.

Litigation

As a major provider of chemistry related information, ACS has been involved with several legal cases over the past few decades that involve access to its databases, trademark rights, and intellectual property. These include ''Dialog'' ''v. American Chemical Society'', a suit claiming antitrust violations in access to ACS databases, settled out of court in 1993; ''American Chemical Society v. Google'', a suit claiming trademark violation, settled out of court in 2006; and ''American Chemical Society v. Leadscope'', a suit alleging stolen trade secrets, concluded in 2012 with ACS losing its trade secrets claim and Leadscope losing its counterclaim of defamation.

Executive compensation

In 2004, a group of ACS members criticized the compensation of former executive director and chief executive officer John Crum, whose total salary, expenses, and bonuses for 2002 was reported to be $767,834. The ACS defended the figure, saying that it was in line with that of comparable organizations, including for-profit publishers. , two employees were reported to have a total compensation exceeding $900,000, while 694 had a compensation exceeding $100,000.

History

Creation

Growth

Organization

Divisions

Division of Organic Chemistry

Local sections

International Chemical Sciences Chapters

Educational activities and programs

Chemical education and outreach

Green Chemistry Institute

Petroleum Research Fund

Other programs

Awards

National awards

Other awards

Journals and magazines

Controversies

Open access

Journals

Databases

Litigation

Executive compensation

See also

Footnotes

References

Further reading

External links

Archives