This list of

Russia Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a List of transcontinental countries, transcontinental country spanning Eastern Europe and North Asia, Northern Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by area, largest country in the ...

Earth scientist Earth science or geoscience includes all fields of natural science related to the planet Earth. This is a branch of science dealing with the physical, chemical, and biological complex constitutions and synergistic linkages of Earth's four spheres ...

s includes the notable

geographer A geographer is a physical scientist, social scientist or humanist whose area of study is geography, the study of Earth's natural environment and human society, including how society and nature interacts. The Greek prefix "geo" means "earth" a ...

geologist A geologist is a scientist who studies the solid, liquid, and gaseous matter that constitutes Earth and other terrestrial planets, as well as the processes that shape them. Geologists usually study geology, earth science, or geophysics, althou ...

oceanographer Oceanography (), also known as oceanology and ocean science, is the scientific study of the oceans. It is an Earth science, which covers a wide range of topics, including ecosystem dynamics; ocean currents, waves, and geophysical fluid dynamics ...

meteorologist A meteorologist is a scientist who studies and works in the field of meteorology aiming to understand or predict Earth's atmospheric phenomena including the weather. Those who study meteorological phenomena are meteorologists in research, while t ...

ecologist Ecology () is the study of the relationships between living organisms, including humans, and their physical environment. Ecology considers organisms at the individual, population, community, ecosystem, and biosphere level. Ecology overlaps wi ...

s and other representatives of

Earth sciences Earth science or geoscience includes all fields of natural science related to the planet Earth. This is a branch of science dealing with the physical, chemical, and biological complex constitutions and synergistic linkages of Earth's four sphere ...

from the

Russian Federation Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a List of transcontinental countries, transcontinental country spanning Eastern Europe and North Asia, Northern Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by area, largest country in the ...

, the

Soviet Union The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen national ...

, the

Russian Empire The Russian Empire was an empire and the final period of the Russian monarchy from 1721 to 1917, ruling across large parts of Eurasia. It succeeded the Tsardom of Russia following the Treaty of Nystad, which ended the Great Northern War. ...

and other predecessor states of Russia.

Alphabetical list

__NOTOC__

A

Vladimir Abazarov Vladimir Alekseevich Abazarov (russian: Владимир Алексеевич Абазаров; 6 May 1930 – 13 May 2003) was an eminent Soviet Union, Soviet geologist. He took part in discovering of large and unique oil fields in Western Si ...

, discoverer of

Samotlor oil field Samotlor Field is the largest oil field of Russia and the sixth largest in the world, owned and operated by Rosneft. The field is located at Lake Samotlor in Nizhnevartovsk district, Khanty–Mansi Autonomous Okrug, Tyumen Oblast. It covers . The ...

, the largest Russian oil field *

Dmitry Anuchin Dmitry Nikolayevich Anuchin (Russian: Дми́трий Никола́евич Ану́чин; 27 August 1843 – 4 June 1923) was a Russian Empire anthropologist, ethnographist, archaeologist, and geographer. He was a member of the Russian G ...

, anthropologist and geographer, coined the term "

anthroposphere The anthroposphere (sometimes also referred as the technosphere) is that part of the environment that is made or modified by humans for use in human activities and human habitats. It is one of the Earth's spheres. The term was first used by ninetee ...

", determined the location of the

Volga The Volga (; russian: Во́лга, a=Ru-Волга.ogg, p=ˈvoɫɡə) is the List of rivers of Europe#Rivers of Europe by length, longest river in Europe. Situated in Russia, it flows through Central Russia to Southern Russia and into the Cas ...

river source The headwaters of a river or stream is the farthest place in that river or stream from its estuary or downstream confluence with another river, as measured along the course of the river. It is also known as a river's source. Definition T ...

Andrey Arkhangelsky Andrey Dmitriyevich Arkhangelsky (russian: Андре́й Дми́триевич Арха́нгельский) (December 8, 1879 – June 16, 1940) was a Russian geologist. He was a professor at Moscow State University. He was Corresponding Memb ...

, geologist

B

Karl Baer Karl Ernst Ritter von Baer Edler von Huthorn ( – ) was a Baltic German scientist and explorer. Baer was a naturalist, biologist, geologist, meteorologist, geographer, and is considered a, or the, founding father of embryology. He was a m ...

, naturalist, formulated the geological Baer's law on

river erosion Erosion is the action of surface processes (such as water flow or wind) that removes soil, rock, or dissolved material from one location on the Earth's crust, and then transports it to another location where it is deposited. Erosion is dist ...

, co-founder of the

Russian Geographical Society The Russian Geographical Society (russian: Ру́сское географи́ческое о́бщество «РГО»), or RGO, is a learned society based in Saint Petersburg, Russia. It promotes geography, exploration and nature protection wi ...

Valeri Barsukov Valeri Leonidovich Barsukov (Валерий Леонидович Барсуков) (March 14, 1928 – July 22, 1992) was a Soviet geologist. He worked in comparative planetology and the geochemistry of space. He was director of the V. I. Vernad ...

, geologist *

Vladimir Belousov Vladimir Vladimirovich Belousov (russian: Влади́мир Влади́мирович Белоу́сов) ( in Moscow – December 25, 1990) was an Earth scientist in the Soviet Union, and a prominent advocate of alternatives to the theorie ...

, geologist *

Lev Berg Lev Semyonovich Berg, also known as Leo S. Berg (russian: Лев Семёнович Берг; 14 March 1876 – 24 December 1950) was a leading Russian geographer, biologist and ichthyologist who served as President of the Soviet Geographical So ...

, determined the depth of

Central Asia Central Asia, also known as Middle Asia, is a subregion, region of Asia that stretches from the Caspian Sea in the west to western China and Mongolia in the east, and from Afghanistan and Iran in the south to Russia in the north. It includes t ...

n lakes, including

Balkhash Lake Lake Balkhash ( kk, Балқаш көлі, ''Balqaş kóli'', ; russian: озеро Балхаш, ozero Balkhash) is a lake in southeastern Kazakhstan, one of the largest lakes in Asia and the 15th largest in the world. It is located in the ea ...

and

Issyk Kul Issyk-Kul (also Ysyk-Köl, ky, Ысык-Көл, lit=warm lake, translit=Ysyk-Köl, , zh, 伊塞克湖) is an endorheic lake (i.e., without outflow) in the Northern Tian Shan mountains in Eastern Kyrgyzstan. It is the seventh-deepest lake in th ...

, a head of the

Soviet Geographical Society The Russian Geographical Society (russian: Ру́сское географи́ческое о́бщество «РГО»), or RGO, is a learned society based in Saint Petersburg, Russia. It promotes geography, exploration and nature protection wi ...

* Yuri Bilibin, geologist, studied placer geology and organized expeditions that discovered gold deposits in Eastern Siberia * Mariya Borodayevskaya, geologist *

Leonid Brekhovskikh Leonid Maksimovich Brekhovskikh (6 May 1917 – 15 January 2005; russian: Леони́д Макси́мович Бреховски́х) was a Soviet and Russian scientist known for his work in acoustical and physical oceanography. Early life and ...

, founder of modern acoustical oceanography, discovered the deep sound channel, the first to observe

mesoscale ocean eddies In fluid dynamics, an eddy is the swirling of a fluid and the reverse current (water), current created when the fluid is in a Turbulence, turbulent flow regime. The moving fluid creates a space devoid of downstream-flowing fluid on the downstream ...

C

* Feodosy Chernyshov,

Ivan Chersky Jan Stanisław Franciszek Czerski (russian: Иван Дементьевич Черский; 3 May 1845, in Swolna – 25 June 1892, nr. Kolyma) was a Polish paleontologist, osteologist, geologist, geographer and explorer of Siberia. He was ex ...

, paleontologist, geologist and explorer of Siberia, explained the origin of

Lake Baikal Lake Baikal (, russian: Oзеро Байкал, Ozero Baykal ); mn, Байгал нуур, Baigal nuur) is a rift lake in Russia. It is situated in southern Siberia, between the federal subjects of Irkutsk Oblast to the northwest and the Repu ...

, pioneered the

geomorphological Geomorphology (from Ancient Greek: , ', "earth"; , ', "form"; and , ', "study") is the scientific study of the origin and evolution of topographic and bathymetric features created by physical, chemical or biological processes operating at or n ...

evolution theory *

Pyotr Chikhachyov Pyotr Alexandrovich Chikhachyov, last name also spelled Chikhachev or Tchihatchev (russian: link=no, Пётр Алекса́ндрович Чихачёв; 23 December 1808 – 13 October 1890) was a Russian naturalist and geologist who was admitt ...

, early geographer and geologist of

, discovered

Kuznetsk Coal Basin The Kuznetsk Basin (russian: Кузнецкий угольный бассейн, Кузбасс; often abbreviated as Kuzbass or Kuzbas) in southwestern Siberia, Russia, is one of the largest coal mining areas in Russia, covering an area of aroun ...

D

* Vasily Dokuchaev, founder of soil science, created the first soil classification, determined the five factors for soil formation

E

* Raul–Yuri Ervier, geologist, organizer and head of wide-ranging geological explorations that discovered of the largest oil and gas fields in Western Siberia

F

* Alexander Fersman, a founder of geochemistry, discovered copper in Monchegorsk,

apatite Apatite is a group of phosphate minerals, usually hydroxyapatite, fluorapatite and chlorapatite, with high concentrations of OH−, F− and Cl− ions, respectively, in the crystal. The formula of the admixture of the three most common e ...

s in Khibiny,

sulfur Sulfur (or sulphur in British English) is a chemical element with the symbol S and atomic number 16. It is abundant, multivalent and nonmetallic. Under normal conditions, sulfur atoms form cyclic octatomic molecules with a chemical formula ...

G

* Grigory Gamburtsev, Soviet

seismologist Seismology (; from Ancient Greek σεισμός (''seismós'') meaning "earthquake" and -λογία (''-logía'') meaning "study of") is the scientific study of earthquakes and the propagation of elastic waves through the Earth or through other ...

, invented a number of seismological methods and devices * Boris Golitsyn, inventor of electromagnetic

seismograph A seismometer is an instrument that responds to ground noises and shaking such as caused by earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and explosions. They are usually combined with a timing device and a recording device to form a seismograph. The output ...

, the president of International Association of Seismology * Maria Glazovskaya, soil scientist and agrochemist. * Konstantin Glinka, influential Russian soil scientist. Glinka_Konstantin_Dmitrievich

* Ivan Gubkin, founder of the Gubkin Russian State University of Oil and Gas Wladimir Peter Köppen

K

* Stanislav Kalesnik,

* Alexander Karpinsky, geologist and mineralogist, the first President of the Soviet Academy of Sciences * Alexander Keyserling, naturalist, a founder of Russian geology * Maria Klenova, a founder of marine geology, polar explorer * Wladimir Köppen,

and author of the commonly used Köppen climate classification * Nikolai Korzhenevskiy, geographer * Stepan Krasheninnikov, geographer, the first Russian naturalist, made the first scientific description of Kamchatka *

Peter Kropotkin Pyotr Alexeyevich Kropotkin (; russian: link=no, Пётр Алексе́евич Кропо́ткин ; 9 December 1842 – 8 February 1921) was a Russian anarchist, socialist, revolutionary, historian, scientist, philosopher, and activis ...

, geographer * Alexander Kruber, founder of Russian karstology * Nikolai Kudryavtsev, author of modern

abiogenic theory The abiogenic petroleum origin is a fringe science which proposes that most of earth's petroleum and natural gas deposits were formed inorganically. Mainstream theories about the formation of hydrocarbons on earth point to an origin from the decompo ...

for origin of petroleum, coordinated oil and gas exploration in Siberia *

Leonid Kulik Leonid Alekseyevich Kulik (Russian: Леонид Алексеевич Кулик; 19 August 1883 – 14 or 24 April 1942) was a Soviet mineralogist who is noted for his research into meteorites. He was born in Dorpat, (now Tartu, Tartu County, ...

, meteorite researcher, the first to study Tunguska event

L

* Dmitry Lachinov,

Vladimir Larin Vladimir Ivanovich Larin (russian: Владимир Иванович Ларин; 15 May 1948 – 18 October 1995)
was a Russi ...

, geologist * Irina Levshakova, paleontologist and geologist *

Victor Linetsky Victor Pylypovych Linetsky (russian: Виктор Филипович Линецкий, uk, Віктор Пилипович Лінецький; 31 January 1901 – Yekaterinodar, Kuban Region, Southern Russia – 19xx Lviv, Ukraine) was a R ...

, geologist *

Mikhail Lomonosov Mikhail Vasilyevich Lomonosov (; russian: Михаил (Михайло) Васильевич Ломоносов, p=mʲɪxɐˈil vɐˈsʲilʲjɪvʲɪtɕ , a=Ru-Mikhail Vasilyevich Lomonosov.ogg; – ) was a Russian Empire, Russian polymath, s ...

, polymath, suggested the

organic Organic may refer to: * Organic, of or relating to an organism, a living entity * Organic, of or relating to an anatomical organ Chemistry * Organic matter, matter that has come from a once-living organism, is capable of decay or is the product ...

origin of soil, peat, coal, petroleum and amber; forerunner of the continental drift theory, pioneer researcher of atmospheric electricity Middendorff1

M

Alexander Middendorf Alexander Theodor von Middendorff (russian: Алекса́ндр Фёдорович Ми́ддендорф; tr. ; 18 August 1815 – 24 January 1894) was a zoologist and explorer of Baltic German and Estonian extraction. He is known for his ex ...

, zoologist and explorer, founder of

permafrost Permafrost is ground that continuously remains below 0 °C (32 °F) for two or more years, located on land or under the ocean. Most common in the Northern Hemisphere, around 15% of the Northern Hemisphere or 11% of the global surface ...

science, determined the southern border of permafrost * Pavel Molchanov, meteorologist inventor of radiosonde * Andrei Monin, meteorologist *

Dmitrii Mushketov Dmitry Ivanovich Mushketov (russian: Дми́трий Ива́нович Мушкетов; – 18 February 1938) was a Russian Empire and Soviet geologist and paleontologist, one of the victims of the Great Terror. Biography Dmitry Mushketov was ...

, geologist * Ivan Mushketov, made the first geological map of Turkestan * Konstantin K. Markov, geomorphologist Obruchev young

O

* Vladimir Obruchev, geologist and explorer, author of the comprehensive ''Geology of Siberia'' and two popular science fiction novels, '' Plutonia'' and '' Sannikov Land'' * Alexander Obukhov, meteorologist

P

* Fyodor Panayev, meteorologist * Vasiliy Podshibyakin, geologist, discoverer of Urengoy gas field * Pavel Polian, geographer * Mikhail Pomortsev, meteorologist, inventor of the nephoscope * Aleksandr Popov,

researcher * Vladimir Porfiriev, geologist

R

Voin Rimsky-Korsakov Voin Andreyevich Rimsky-Korsakov ( rus, Воин Андреевич Римский-Корсаков, p=ˈvoɪn ɐnˈdrʲeɪvʲɪtɕ ˈrʲimskʲɪj ˈkorsəkəf, a=Ru-Voin Andreevich Rimsky-Korsakov.ogg; 1822–1871) was a Russian navigator, hydrog ...

, geographer * Vladimir Rusanov, geologist * Vasiliy E. Ruzhentsev, geologist Szokalski

S

* Farman Salmanov, discoverer of giant oil fields in West Siberia * Pyotr Semyonov-Tyan-Shansky, explorer of the Tian Shan Mountains, for 40 years the head of the

, prominent statistician and organiser of the first

Russian Empire Census The first general census of the population of the Russian Empire in 1897 ( pre-reform Russian: ) was the first and only nation-wide census performed in the Russian Empire (the Grand Duchy of Finland was excluded). It recorded demographic data as ...

* Nikolay Shatsky, made a comprehensive tectonic map of North Eurasia, introduced Riphean and

Baikalian The Neoproterozoic Era is the unit of geologic time from 1 billion to 538.8 million years ago. It is the last era of the Precambrian Supereon and the Proterozoic Eon; it is subdivided into the Tonian, Cryogenian, and Ediacaran periods. It is prec ...

geological stages * Pyotr Shirshov, polar explorer, founder of the

Shirshov Institute of Oceanology The Shirshov Institute of Oceanology ( P.P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology (IO) RAN, russian: Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Институт океанологии имен ...

, proved that there is life in high latitudes of the Arctic Ocean * Yuly Shokalsky, first head of the

, coined the term " World Ocean" * Sergey Smirnov, geologist * Boris Sokolov, geologist *

Kozma Spassky-Avtonomov Kozma Fyodorovich Spassky-Avtonomov (russian: Козьма Фёдорович Спасский-Автономов) was born in 1807, in Zakharovka, now Lipetsk Oblast and died in 1890. He was a Russian researcher of the region of Baku, then a city ...

, meteorologist

T

* Mikhail Tetyaev, geologist * Andrey Tikhonov, mathematician and inventor of magnetotellurics in geology * Aleksey Tillo, made the first correct hypsometric map of

European Russia European Russia (russian: Европейская Россия, russian: европейская часть России, label=none) is the western and most populated part of Russia. It is geographically situated in Europe, as opposed to the cou ...

, coined the term "

Central Russian Upland The Central Russian Upland (also Central Upland and East European Upland) is an upland area of the East European Plain and is an undulating plateau with an average elevation of . Its highest peak is measured at . The southeastern portion of the u ...

", measured the lengths of the main Russian rivers

U

* Nikolay Urvantsev, geologist * Mikhail Usov, geologist * Tatyana Ustinova, geographer

V

* Nikolai Vavilov, geographer * Vladimir Vernadsky, philosopher and geologist, a founder of geochemistry, biogeochemistry and radiogeology, creator of

noosphere The noosphere (alternate spelling noösphere) is a philosophical concept developed and popularized by the Russian-Ukrainian Soviet biogeochemist Vladimir Vernadsky, and the French philosopher and Jesuit priest Pierre Teilhard de Chardin. Vernads ...

theory, popularized the term " biosphere" and developed biosphere theory Zimov

Z

* Sergey Zimov, geophysicist specialising in arctic and subarctic ecology, known for advocating the theory that human overhunting of large herbivores during the Pleistocene caused Siberia's grassland-steppe ecosystem to disappear, for raising awareness of the roles permafrost and thermokarst lakes play in the global carbon cycle, and for creating Pleistocene Park * Yevdokim Zyablovskiy, geographer

Alphabetical list

A

B

C

D

E

F

G

K

L

M

O

P

R

S

T

U

V

Z

See also