Admiral of the Fleet Sir Graham Eden Hamond, 2nd Baronet, (30 December 1779 – 20 December 1862) was a

Royal Navy The Royal Navy (RN) is the United Kingdom's naval warfare force. Although warships were used by English and Scottish kings from the early medieval period, the first major maritime engagements were fought in the Hundred Years' War against F ...

officer. After seeing action as a junior officer at the

Glorious First of June The Glorious First of June (1 June 1794), also known as the Fourth Battle of Ushant, (known in France as the or ) was the first and largest fleet action of the naval conflict between the Kingdom of Great Britain and the First French Republic ...

and then at the Battle of Toulon, he commanded the fifth-rate HMS ''Blanche'' at the Battle of Copenhagen during the

French Revolutionary Wars The French Revolutionary Wars (french: Guerres de la Révolution française) were a series of sweeping military conflicts lasting from 1792 until 1802 and resulting from the French Revolution. They pitted French First Republic, France against Ki ...

. Hamond became commanding officer of the third-rate HMS ''Plantagenet'' and captured the French ships ''Le Courier de Terre Neuve'' and ''L'Atalante'' in an action during the

Napoleonic Wars The Napoleonic Wars (1803–1815) were a series of major global conflicts pitting the French Empire and its allies, led by Napoleon I, against a fluctuating array of European states formed into various coalitions. It produced a period of Fren ...

. He took command of the fifth-rate HMS ''Lively'' and took part in the

action of 5 October 1804 The Battle of Cape Santa Maria was a naval engagement that took place off the southern Portuguese coast, in which a British squadron under the command of Commodore Graham Moore attacked and defeated a Spanish squadron commanded by Brigadier D ...

, when three Spanish frigates laden with treasure were captured, and was then given command of the third-rate HMS ''Victorious'' and took part in the attack on

Flushing Flushing may refer to: Places * Flushing, Cornwall, a village in the United Kingdom * Flushing, Queens, New York City ** Flushing Bay, a bay off the north shore of Queens ** Flushing Chinatown (法拉盛華埠), a community in Queens ** Flushing ...

during the disastrous

Walcheren Campaign The Walcheren Campaign ( ) was an unsuccessful British expedition to the Netherlands in 1809 intended to open another front in the Austrian Empire's struggle with France during the War of the Fifth Coalition. Sir John Pitt, 2nd Earl of Chatham ...

. After a period of leave from the Navy, Hamond became commanding officer of the third-rate HMS ''Wellesley'' and conveyed the diplomat Lord Stuart de Rothesay to

Brazil Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the largest country in both South America and Latin America. At and with over 217 million people, Brazil is the world's fifth-largest country by area ...

to negotiate a commercial treaty with the Emperor Pedro I. Hamond went on to be Commander-in-Chief, South American Station.

Early career

Born the only son of Captain Sir Andrew Hamond and Anne Hamond (née Graeme), Hamond joined the Royal Navy in September 1785. He was recorded, as a captain's servant, on the books of the

third-rate In the rating system of the Royal Navy, a third rate was a ship of the line which from the 1720s mounted between 64 and 80 guns, typically built with two gun decks (thus the related term two-decker). Years of experience proved that the third r ...

HMS ''Irresistible'', his father's flagship in his role as

Commander-in-Chief, The Nore The Commander-in-Chief, The Nore, was an operational commander of the Royal Navy. His subordinate units, establishments, and staff were sometimes informally known as the Nore Station or Nore Command. The Nore is a sandbank at the mouth of the Th ...

and, having been promoted to

midshipman A midshipman is an officer of the lowest rank, in the Royal Navy, United States Navy, and many Commonwealth navies. Commonwealth countries which use the rank include Canada (Naval Cadet), Australia, Bangladesh, Namibia, New Zealand, South Afr ...

in 1790, actually served in the third-rate HMS ''Vanguard'', the third-rate HMS ''Bedford'' and then the

second-rate In the rating system of the Royal Navy used to categorise sailing warships, a second-rate was a ship of the line which by the start of the 18th century mounted 90 to 98 guns on three gun decks; earlier 17th-century second rates had fewer guns ...

HMS ''Duke''.Heathcote, p. 105 In January 1793 he transferred to the

fifth-rate In the rating system of the Royal Navy used to categorise sailing warships, a fifth rate was the second-smallest class of warships in a hierarchical system of six " ratings" based on size and firepower. Rating The rating system in the Royal N ...

HMS ''Phaeton'' and assisted in the capture of ''Le Général Dumourier'' and her prize ''St. Iago'' in an action during the

and received his portion of a large amount of prize money. He then joined the

first-rate In the rating system of the British Royal Navy used to categorise sailing warships, a first rate was the designation for the largest ships of the line. Originating in the Jacobean era with the designation of Ships Royal capable of carrying at ...

HMS ''Queen Charlotte'', flagship of

Earl Howe Earl Howe is a title that has been created twice in British history, for members of the Howe and Curzon-Howe family respectively. The first creation, in the Peerage of Great Britain, was in 1788 for Richard Howe, but became extinct on his ...

in his role as Commander-in-Chief,

Channel Squadron Channel, channels, channeling, etc., may refer to: Geography * Channel (geography), in physical geography, a landform consisting of the outline (banks) of the path of a narrow body of water. Australia * Channel Country, region of outback Austral ...

, and saw action at the

in June 1794. He served in the fifth-rate HMS ''Aquilon'' and the third-rate HMS ''Zealous'' before transferring to the first-rate HMS ''Britannia'', flagship of Sir William Hotham in his role as Commander-in-Chief,

Mediterranean Fleet The British Mediterranean Fleet, also known as the Mediterranean Station, was a formation of the Royal Navy. The Fleet was one of the most prestigious commands in the navy for the majority of its history, defending the vital sea link between t ...

, in June 1795 and seeing action at the Battle of Toulon in July 1795. Promoted to

lieutenant A lieutenant ( , ; abbreviated Lt., Lt, LT, Lieut and similar) is a commissioned officer rank in the armed forces of many nations. The meaning of lieutenant differs in different militaries (see comparative military ranks), but it is often sub ...

on 19 October 1796, Hamond served in the fifth-rate HMS ''Aigle'' in the Mediterranean Squadron in Autumn 1796 and in the fifth-rate HMS ''Niger'' in Spring 1797. Promoted to

commander Commander (commonly abbreviated as Cmdr.) is a common naval officer rank. Commander is also used as a rank or title in other formal organizations, including several police forces. In several countries this naval rank is termed frigate captain. ...

on 20 October 1798, he became commanding officer of the

sloop A sloop is a sailboat with a single mast typically having only one headsail in front of the mast and one mainsail aft of (behind) the mast. Such an arrangement is called a fore-and-aft rig, and can be rigged as a Bermuda rig with triangular sa ...

HMS ''Echo'' and was employed in the blockade of

Le Havre Le Havre (, ; nrf, Lé Hâvre ) is a port city in the Seine-Maritime department in the Normandy region of northern France. It is situated on the right bank of the estuary of the river Seine on the Channel southwest of the Pays de Caux, very cl ...

and on different occasions took charge of convoys. Promoted to

captain Captain is a title, an appellative for the commanding officer of a military unit; the supreme leader of a navy ship, merchant ship, aeroplane, spacecraft, or other vessel; or the commander of a port, fire or police department, election precinct, e ...

on 30 November 1798, he became commanding officer of the

sixth-rate In the rating system of the Royal Navy used to categorise sailing warships, a sixth-rate was the designation for small warships mounting between 20 and 28 carriage-mounted guns on a single deck, sometimes with smaller guns on the upper works and ...

HMS ''Champion'' and captured the French privateer ''Anacreon'' in June 1799. Hamond described ''Anacreon'' as "almost a new vessel, sails remarkably fast, is copper-bottomed, and seems fit for His Majesty's Service." He then took part in the Siege of French-held Malta in Spring 1800 before becoming commanding officer of the third-rate HMS ''Lion'' later that year. He went on to be commanding officer of the fifth-rate HMS ''Blanche'' and took part in the Battle of Copenhagen in April 1801. HMS Wellesly (1815)

Hamond became commanding officer of the third-rate HMS ''Plantagenet'' in February 1803 and captured the French ships ''Le Courier de Terre Neuve'' and ''L'Atalante'' in an action later that year during the

.Heathcote, p. 106 He took command of the fifth-rate HMS ''Lively'' in July 1804 and took part in the

when three Spanish frigates laden with treasure were captured. HMS ''Lively'' captured two other treasure ships, the ''San Miguel'' and the ''Santa Gertruyda'' off

Cape St. Vincent Cape St. Vincent ( pt, Cabo de São Vicente, ) is a headland in the municipality of Vila do Bispo, in the Algarve, southern Portugal. It is the southwesternmost point of Portugal and of mainland Europe. History Cape St. Vincent was already sacr ...

and Cape St Maria respectively in December 1804. He went on to engage in a duel with the Spanish ship ''Glorioso'' in May 1805 and then to transport British troops to

Naples Naples (; it, Napoli ; nap, Napule ), from grc, Νεάπολις, Neápolis, lit=new city. is the regional capital of Campania and the third-largest city of Italy, after Rome and Milan, with a population of 909,048 within the city's adminis ...

in November 1805. He was then given command of the third-rate HMS ''Victorious'' on the Home Station in December 1808 and took part in the attack on

during the disastrous

in Summer 1809. He went on to be commanding officer of the third-rate HMS ''Rivoli'' in the Mediterranean Squadron in May 1813. He was appointed a

Companion of the Order of the Bath Companion may refer to: Relationships Currently * Any of several interpersonal relationships such as friend or acquaintance * A domestic partner, akin to a spouse * Sober companion, an addiction treatment coach * Companion (caregiving), a caregive ...

on 4 June 1815 and a Deputy Lieutenant of the

Isle of Wight The Isle of Wight ( ) is a county in the English Channel, off the coast of Hampshire, from which it is separated by the Solent. It is the largest and second-most populous island of England. Referred to as 'The Island' by residents, the Isle of ...

on 27 October 1821. After a period of leave from the Navy, Hamond became commanding officer of the third-rate HMS ''Wellesley'' in March 1824 and then conveyed the diplomat Lord Stuart de Rothesay to

to negotiate a commercial treaty with the Emperor Pedro I.

Senior command

Promoted to

rear admiral Rear admiral is a senior naval flag officer rank, equivalent to a major general and air vice marshal and above that of a commodore and captain, but below that of a vice admiral. It is regarded as a two star "admiral" rank. It is often regarde ...

on 27 May 1825, Hamond travelled in the third-rate HMS ''Spartiate'' on his new mission to deliver the treaty of separation between Brazil and Portugal to King

John VI of Portugal , house = Braganza , father = Peter III of Portugal , mother = Maria I of Portugal , birth_date = , birth_place = Queluz Palace, Queluz, Portugal , death_date = , death_place = Bemposta Palace, Lisbon, Portugal , ...

. He inherited his father's baronetcy in September 1828. He was advanced to

Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath The Most Honourable Order of the Bath is a British order of chivalry founded by George I of Great Britain, George I on 18 May 1725. The name derives from the elaborate medieval ceremony for appointing a knight, which involved Bathing#Medieval ...

on 13 September 1831 and became Commander-in-Chief, South American Station, with his flag in the third-rate HMS ''Spartiate'', in September 1834. Promoted to vice admiral on 10 January 1837 and to full

admiral Admiral is one of the highest ranks in some navies. In the Commonwealth nations and the United States, a "full" admiral is equivalent to a "full" general in the army or the air force, and is above vice admiral and below admiral of the fleet, ...

on 22 January 1847 he was advanced to

Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath The Most Honourable Order of the Bath is a British order of chivalry founded by George I on 18 May 1725. The name derives from the elaborate medieval ceremony for appointing a knight, which involved bathing (as a symbol of purification) as one ...

on 5 July 1855. He was appointed

Rear-Admiral of the United Kingdom The Rear-Admiral of the United Kingdom is a now honorary office generally held by a senior (possibly retired) Royal Navy admiral, though the current incumbent is a retired Royal Marine General. Despite the title, the Rear-Admiral of the Unite ...

on 22 November 1860 and

Vice-Admiral of the United Kingdom The Vice-Admiral of the United Kingdom is an honorary office generally held by a senior Royal Navy admiral. The title holder is the official deputy to the Lord High Admiral, an honorary (although once operational) office which was vested in th ...

on 5 June 1862 before being promoted to Admiral of the Fleet on 10 November 1862. Hamond died at his home at Norton Lodge near

Yarmouth, Isle of Wight Yarmouth is a town, port and civil parish in the west of the Isle of Wight, off the south coast of England. The town is named for its location at the mouth of the small Western Yar river. The town grew near the river crossing, originally a ferry ...

on 20 December 1862.

Family

In December 1806 Hamond married Elizabeth Kimber; they had three daughters and two sons.

References

Sources

External links

* *
"Sir Andrew Hamond and Sir Graham Hamond: Correspondence and Papers"
Cambridge University Library (1778–1871) , - {{DEFAULTSORT:Hamond, Graham 1779 births 1862 deaths Royal Navy admirals of the fleet Royal Navy personnel of the French Revolutionary Wars Royal Navy personnel of the Napoleonic Wars Baronets in the Baronetage of Great Britain Knights Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath Deputy Lieutenants of the Isle of Wight Military personnel from London