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The Temblor Formation is a
* '' Carcharias''
* ''
geologic formation
A geological formation, or simply formation, is a body of rock having a consistent set of physical characteristics ( lithology) that distinguishes it from adjacent bodies of rock, and which occupies a particular position in the layers of rock exp ...
in California
California is a U.S. state, state in the Western United States, located along the West Coast of the United States, Pacific Coast. With nearly 39.2million residents across a total area of approximately , it is the List of states and territori ...
. It preserves fossils
A fossil (from Classical Latin , ) is any preserved remains, impression, or trace of any once-living thing from a past geological age. Examples include bones, shells, exoskeletons, stone imprints of animals or microbes, objects preserved in ...
dating back from the Late Oligocene
The Chattian is, in the geologic timescale, the younger of two ages or upper of two stages of the Oligocene Epoch/Series. It spans the time between . The Chattian is preceded by the Rupelian and is followed by the Aquitanian (the lowest stage ...
to the Middle Miocene
The Middle Miocene is a sub-epoch of the Miocene Epoch made up of two stages: the Langhian and Serravallian stages. The Middle Miocene is preceded by the Early Miocene.
The sub-epoch lasted from 15.97 ± 0.05 Ma to 11.608 ± 0.005 Ma (million y ...
of the Neogene
The Neogene ( ), informally Upper Tertiary or Late Tertiary, is a geologic period and system that spans 20.45 million years from the end of the Paleogene Period million years ago ( Mya) to the beginning of the present Quaternary Period Mya. ...
period
Period may refer to:
Common uses
* Era, a length or span of time
* Full stop (or period), a punctuation mark
Arts, entertainment, and media
* Period (music), a concept in musical composition
* Periodic sentence (or rhetorical period), a concept ...
. It is notable for the famous Sharktooth Hill deposit (otherwise known as Ernst Quarry).
Fossils
Vertebrates
Cartilagenous fishes
= Sharks
=
* '' Carcharias''
* ''Cephaloscyllium
''Cephaloscyllium'' is a genus of catsharks, and part of the family Scyliorhinidae, commonly known as swellsharks because of their ability to inflate their bodies with water or air as a defense against predators. These sluggish, bottom-dwelling ...
''
* ''Cetorhinus
The basking shark (''Cetorhinus maximus'') is the second-largest living shark and fish, after the whale shark, and one of three plankton-eating shark species, along with the whale shark and megamouth shark. Adults typically reach in length. ...
''
* †''Carcharocles megalodon
Megalodon (''Otodus megalodon''), meaning "big tooth", is an extinct
Extinction is the termination of a kind of organism or of a group of kinds (taxon), usually a species. The moment of extinction is generally considered to be the deat ...
'' Boessenecker, Ehret, D, Long, D, Churchill, M, Martin, E, Boessenecker, S. The Early Pliocene extinction of the mega-toothed shark ''Otodus megalodon'': a view from the eastern north Pacific. PeerJ. 2019 Feb 13;7:e6088. doi: 10.7717/peerj.6088. eCollection 2019.
* †''Galeocerdo aduncus
''Galeocerdo'' is a genus of requiem sharks that have lived since the Paleocene epoch. While these sharks were formerly diverse, only ''G. cuvier'' (the modern tiger shark) survives today.
Species
Species in the genus ''Galeocerdo'' include: ...
''
* †''Hemipristis serra
''Hemipristis serra'' is an extinct species of weasel shark which existed during the Miocene epoch. It was described by Louis Agassiz
Jean Louis Rodolphe Agassiz ( ; ) FRS (For) FRSE (May 28, 1807 – December 14, 1873) was a Swiss-born ...
''
* '' Heterodontus''
* ''Hexanchus
The sixgill sharks are a genus, ''Hexanchus'', of deepwater sharks in the family Hexanchidae. These sharks are characterized by a broad, pointed head, six pairs of gill slits, comb-like, yellow lower teeth, and a long tail. The largest species ca ...
''
* †'' Isurus desori''
* †'' Isurus hastalis''
* †''Isurus planus
''Cosmopolitodus planus'', also known as the hooked-tooth mako shark or hooked mako shark, is an extinct lamnid that lived during the Miocene epoch from 23 to 5 million years ago. ''C. planus'' can be found only in marine deposits on the Pacific ...
''Malchow, A. 2009. MIOCENE SHARK TOOTH HILL LOCALITY, KERN COUNTY, CALIFORNIA. Geological Society of America North-Central Section - 43rd Annual Meeting (2-3 April 2009)
* '' Megachasma''
* '' Notorhynchus''
* †'' Parotodus benedenii''
* ''Scyliorhinus
''Scyliorhinus'' is a genus of catsharks in the family Scyliorhinidae. This genus is known in the fossil records from the Cretaceous period, late Albian age to the Pliocene epoch.Carrier, J. C.; Musick, J. A. & Heithaus, M. R. (2004)''Biology of ...
''
* ''Squalus
''Squalus'' is a genus of dogfish sharks in the family Squalidae. Commonly known as spurdogs, these sharks are characterized by smooth dorsal fin spines, teeth in upper and lower jaws similar in size, caudal peduncle with lateral keels; upper ...
''
* '' Squatina''
= Rays and skates
= * ''Dasyatis
''Dasyatis'' (Greek δασύς ''dasýs'' meaning rough or dense and βατίς ''batís'' meaning skate) is a genus of stingray in the family Dasyatidae that is native to the Atlantic, including the Mediterranean. In a 2016 taxonomic revision ...
''
* ''Myliobatis
''Myliobatis'' is a genus of eagle rays in the family Myliobatidae.
Description
''Myliobatis'' species can reach a width up to about . Their bodies consist of a rhomboidal disc, wider than long, with one dorsal fin. The head is broad and short, ...
''
Reptiles
* ''Pacifichelys
''Pacifichelys'' is an extinct genus of sea turtle from the Middle Miocene of Peru (Pisco Formation) and California ( Temblor Formation).Chelonia californiensis''
* †'' Syllomus aegyptiacus''
Birds
* †'' Diomedea californica'' ** †''D. milleri'' * †'' Fulmarus miocaenus'' * †'' Hadrogyps aigialerus'' * †'' Megalodytes morejohni''Stegall, J. 2016. Fossil Birds of the Mojave Desert & Environs. Murturango Press, Ridgecrest, California. * †'' Morus vagabundus'' * †''Osteodontornis orri
''Osteodontornis'' is an extinct seabird genus. It contains a single named species, ''Osteodontornis orri'' (Orr's bony-toothed bird, in literal translation of its scientific name), which was described quite exactly one century after the first sp ...
''
* †''Pandion homalopteron Pandion may refer to:
In Greek mythology
* Pandion (mythology) for mythological characters named Pandion.
** Pandion I, a legendary king of Athens, father of the sisters Procne and Philomela.
**Pandion II, a legendary king of Athens, father of th ...
''
* †'' Presbychen abavus''
* †'' Puffinus inceptor''
** †''P. milleri''
** †''P. priscus''
Mammals
* †'' Allodesmus kernensis'' * †'' Bouromeryx americanus'' * †''Hypohippus
''Hypohippus'' (Greek: "under" (hypos), "horse" (hippos)) is an extinct genus of three-toed horse, which lived 17–11 million years ago. It was the largest anchitherine equid about the size of a modern domestic horse, at and long. It was a lo ...
''
* †''Miotapirus
''Miotapirus harrisonensis'' is an extinct species of tapir lived during the early Miocene Epoch some 20 million years ago in North America.
Physically ''Miotapirus'' was virtually identical to its modern relatives; with a length of 2 m (6 f ...
''
* †'' Paleoparadoxia tabatai''
* †'' Paratomarctus temerarius''
* †'' Pelagiarctos thomasi''L. G. Barnes. 1988. A new fossil pinniped (Mammalia: Otariidae) from the middle Miocene Sharktooth Hill Bonebed, California. Contributions in Science 396:1-11
* †''Aulophyseter
''Aulophyseter'' is an extinct genus of sperm whales from the Miocene formations of the west and east coasts of North America.
''Aulophyseter'' reached a length of approximately with an estimated body weight of .R. Nieuwenhuys (1998) ''The ce ...
morricei''
* †'' Oedolithax mira''
* †''Loxolithax sinuosa''
* †'' Parietobalaena securis''
See also
* *List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in California
This article contains a list of fossil-bearing stratigraphic units in the state of California, California, U.S.
Sites
See also
* Paleontology in California
References
*
{{DEFAULTSORT:Fossiliferous stratigraphic units in California
F ...
* Paleontology in California
Paleontology in California refers to paleontologist research occurring within or conducted by people from the U.S. state of California. California contains rocks of almost every age from the Precambrian to the Recent. Precambrian fossils are pres ...
References
External links
* {{Neogene Footer Geologic formations of California Neogene stratigraphic units of North America Shale formations of the United States Miocene California Paleogene California Geology of Kern County, California Geography of the San Joaquin Valley Paleontology in California Temblor Range