The Scorpaeniformes are a diverse
order of
ray-finned fish
Actinopterygii (; ), members of which are known as ray-finned fishes, is a class of bony fish. They comprise over 50% of living vertebrate species.
The ray-finned fishes are so called because their fins are webs of skin supported by bony or hor ...
, including the
lionfish
''Pterois'' is a genus of venomous marine fish, commonly known as lionfish, native to the Indo-Pacific. Also called firefish, turkeyfish, tastyfish, or butterfly-cod, it is characterized by conspicuous warning coloration with red, white, crea ...
es and sculpins, but have also been called the Scleroparei. It is one of the five largest orders of bony fishes by number of species, with over 1,320.
They are known as "mail-cheeked" fishes due to their distinguishing characteristic, the suborbital stay: a backwards extension of the third circumorbital bone (part of the lateral head/cheek skeleton, below the eye socket) across the cheek to the pre
operculum, to which it is connected in most species.
Scorpaeniform fishes are
carnivorous
A carnivore , or meat-eater (Latin, ''caro'', genitive ''carnis'', meaning meat or "flesh" and ''vorare'' meaning "to devour"), is an animal or plant whose food and energy requirements derive from animal tissues (mainly muscle, fat and other sof ...
, mostly feeding on crustaceans and on smaller fish. Most species live on the sea bottom in relatively shallow waters, although species are known from deep water, from the midwater, and even from fresh water. They typically have spiny heads, and rounded
pectoral
Pectoral may refer to:
* The chest region and anything relating to it.
* Pectoral cross, a cross worn on the chest
* a decorative, usually jeweled version of a gorget
* Pectoral (Ancient Egypt), a type of jewelry worn in ancient Egypt
* Pectorali ...
and
caudal fin
Fins are distinctive anatomical features composed of bony spines or rays protruding from the body of a fish. They are covered with skin and joined together either in a webbed fashion, as seen in most bony fish, or similar to a flipper, as se ...
s. Most species are less than in length, but the full size range of the order varies from the
velvetfish
Little velvetfishes or simply velvetfishes are a Family (biology), family, the Aploactinidae, of marine ray-finned fishes classified within the order Scorpaeniformes. They are small fish that have skin with a velvet texture. They live on the sea ...
es belonging to the family Aploactinidae, which can be just long as adults,
[ to the ]skilfish
The skilfish (''Erilepis zonifer'') is a species of ray-finned fish, one of two species belonging to the family Anoplopomatidae and the only species in the genus ''Erilepis''. It is also known as black cod, though they have no relation to cod, ...
(''Erilepis zonifer''), which can reach in total length
Fish measurement is the measuring of individual fish and various parts of their anatomies. These data are used in many areas of ichthyology, including taxonomy and fisheries biology.
Overall length
* Standard length (SL) is the length of a fish ...
.
One of the suborders of the Scorpaeniformes is the Scorpaenoidei
Scorpaenoidei is a suborder of ray-finned fishes, part of the order Scorpaeniformes, that includes the scorpionfishes, lionfishes and velvetfishes. This suborder is at its most diverse in the Pacific and Indian Oceans but is also found in the A ...
. This suborder is usually found in the benthic zone, which is the lowest region of any water body like oceans or lakes.
There are two groups of the Scorpaenoidei. The sea robins is the first, which are further classified into two families: the sea robins and the armored sea robins. One significant difference between the two families of sea robins is the presence of spine-bearing plate on the armored sea robins which is absent in the sea robins family.
The second group of the Scorpaenoidei suborder is the scorpionfishes, which according to Minouri Ishida's work in 1994 and recent studies, have twelve families. The scorpionfishes are very dynamic in size with the smallest one having a range of 2–3 cm, while the largest have a length of approximately 100 cm.
Classification
The division of Scorpaeniformes into families is not settled; accounts range from 26 to 35 families. The 5th edition of ''Fishes of the World
''Fishes of the World'' by the American ichthyologist Joseph S. Nelson (1937–2011) is a standard reference for fish systematics. Now in its fifth edition (2016), the work is a comprehensive overview of the diversity and classification of the ...
'' classifies the order as follows:
Order Scorpaeniformes
*Suborder Scorpaenoidei
Scorpaenoidei is a suborder of ray-finned fishes, part of the order Scorpaeniformes, that includes the scorpionfishes, lionfishes and velvetfishes. This suborder is at its most diverse in the Pacific and Indian Oceans but is also found in the A ...
** Family Scorpaenidae
The Scorpaenidae (also known as scorpionfish) are a family of mostly marine fish that includes many of the world's most venomous species. As their name suggests, scorpionfish have a type of "sting" in the form of sharp spines coated with venom ...
Risso, 1827 (Scorpionfishes)
** Family Aploactinidae
Little velvetfishes or simply velvetfishes are a family, the Aploactinidae, of marine ray-finned fishes classified within the order Scorpaeniformes. They are small fish that have skin with a velvet texture. They live on the sea bottom close to t ...
Jordan
Jordan ( ar, الأردن; tr. ' ), officially the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan,; tr. ' is a country in Western Asia. It is situated at the crossroads of Asia, Africa, and Europe, within the Levant region, on the East Bank of the Jordan Rive ...
& Starks, 1904 (Velvetfishes)
** Family Eschmeyeridae
''Easchmeyer nexus'' is a species of marine ray-finned fish; it is the only species in the monotypic genus ''Eschmeyer'' and monogeneric family Eschmeyeridae. This fish is only known from the Pacific Ocean, near Fiji.
Taxonomy
''Eschmeyer nexu ...
Mandrytsa, 2001 (the cofish)
** Family Pataecidae
The Australian prowfishes are a small family, the Pataecidae, of ray-finned fishes classified within the order Scorpaeniformes. Australian prowfishes are distinguished by a long dorsal fin that begins far forward on the head, forming a "prow" s ...
Gill
A gill () is a respiratory organ that many aquatic organisms use to extract dissolved oxygen from water and to excrete carbon dioxide. The gills of some species, such as hermit crabs, have adapted to allow respiration on land provided they are ...
, 1872 (Australian prowfishes)
** Family Gnathanacanthidae Gill, 1892 (Red velvetfish)
** Family Congiopodidae
Congiopodidae, commonly known as pigfishes, horsefishes and racehorses, is a family of ray-finned fish classified with in the order Scorpaeniformes. These fishes are native to the Southern Hemisphere.
Taxonomy
Congiopodidae was first formally ...
Gill, 1889 (Racehorses, pigfishes or horsefishes)
*Suborder Platycephaloidei
Platycephaloidei is a suborder of ray-finned fishes, part of the order Scorpaeniformes, and includes the flatheads, ghost flatheads and sea robins.
Taxonomy
Platycephaloidei was first recognised and named as a taxonomic grouping in 1943 by th ...
** Family Triglidae
Triglidae, commonly known as gurnards or sea robins, are a family of bottom-feeding scorpaeniform ray-finned fish. The gurnards are distributed in temperate and tropical seas worldwide.
Taxonomy
Triglidae was first described as a family in 181 ...
Rafinesque
Constantine Samuel Rafinesque-Schmaltz (; October 22, 1783September 18, 1840) was a French 19th-century polymath born near Constantinople in the Ottoman Empire and self-educated in France. He traveled as a young man in the United States, ultimat ...
, 1815 (Searobins)
** Family Peristediidae
Peristediidae, the armored sea robins or armoured gurnards, is a family of ray-finned fishes belonging to the suborder Platycephaloidei in the order Scorpaeniformes. They are found in the deep water in the tropical and warm temperate of the wor ...
Jordan & Gilbert Gilbert may refer to:
People and fictional characters
* Gilbert (given name), including a list of people and fictional characters
*Gilbert (surname), including a list of people
Places Australia
* Gilbert River (Queensland)
* Gilbert River (South ...
, 1883 (Armored searobins)
** Family Bembridae Kaup, 1873 (Deepwater flatheads)
** Family Platycephalidae Swainson, 1839 (Flatheads)
** Family Hoplichthyidae
''Hoplichthys'', the ghost flatheads, is a genus of marine ray-finned fishes native to the Indian and Pacific Oceans. This genus is the only member of the family Hoplichthyidae.
Taxonomy
Hoplichthys was first proposed as a monotypic genus in 18 ...
Kaup, 1873 (Ghost flatheads)
* Suborder Normanichthyiodei
** Family Normanichthyidae Clark
Clark is an English language surname, ultimately derived from the Latin with historical links to England, Scotland, and Ireland ''clericus'' meaning "scribe", "secretary" or a scholar within a religious order, referring to someone who was educate ...
, 1837 (the Barehead scorpionfish or mote sculpin)
* Suborder Zoarcoidei
Zoarcoidei is a suborder of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the order Scorpaeniformes. The suborder includes the wolffishes, gunnels and eelpouts. The suborder includes about 400 species. These fishes predominantly found in the boreal s ...
** Family Bathymasteridae Jordan & Gilbert, 1883 (Ronquils)
** Family Eulophiidae H. M. Smith, 1902 (Spinous eelpouts)
** Family Zoarcidae
The eelpouts are the ray-finned fish family (biology), family Zoarcidae. As the common name suggests, they are somewhat eel-like in appearance. All of the roughly 300 species are ocean, marine and mostly bottom-dwelling, some at great depths. Eel ...
Swainson, 1839 (Eelpouts)
** Family Stichaeidae Gill, 1864 (Pricklebacks)
** Family Cryptacanthodidae Gill, 1861 (Wrymouths)
** Family Pholidae
''Pholidae'' is a family of marine ray-finned fishes, known as gunnels, in the scorpaeniform suborder Zoarcoidei. These are fishes of the littoral zone and are mainly found in North Pacific Ocean, with two species found in the North Atlantic Ocea ...
Gill, 1893 (Gunnels)
** Family Anarhichadidae
Anarhichadidae, the wolffishes, sea wolves or wolf eels, is a family of marine ray finned fishes belonging to the order Scorpaeniformes. These are predatory, eel shaped fishes which are native to the cold waters of the Arctic, North Pacific and ...
Bonaparte, 1835 (Wolffishes)
** Family Ptilichthyidae Jordan & Gilbert, 1883 (Quillfish)
** Family Zaproridae
The prowfish (''Zaprora silenus'') is a species of Scorpaeniformes, scorpaeniform marine fish found in the northern Pacific Ocean. It is the only Extant taxon, extant member of the family, Zaproridae. Another species, ''Araeosteus rothi'', is k ...
Jordan, 1896 (Prowfishes)
** Family Scytalinidae Jordan & Starks, 1895 (Graveldivers)
* Suborder Gasterosteoidei
Gasterosteoidei is a suborder of ray-finned fishes that includes the sticklebacks and relatives, the 5th edition of ''Fishes of the World'' classifies this suborder within the order Scorpaeniformes.
Systematics
Gasterosteoidei is treated as a ...
** Family Hypoptychidae
The Korean sandlance (''Hypoptychus dybowskii'') is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the Family (biology), family Hypoptychidae. The Korean sandlance is the only species in this Monotypic taxon, monotypic family and genus and is f ...
Steindachner, 1880 (the Korean Sandlance)
** Family Aulorhynchidae
Aulorhynchidae, the tube-snouts, is a small family of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the suborder Gasterosteoidei in the order Scorpaeniformes. These fishes are found in the northern Pacific Ocean.
Taxonomy
Aulorhynchidae was first propo ...
Gill (1861) (Tubesnouts)
** Family Gasterosteidae Families
Family (from la, familia) is a group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is to maintain the well-being of its members and of socie ...
Bonaparte, 1831 (Sticklebacks)
* Suborder Cottoidei
Cottoidei is a suborder of ray-finned fishes which, according to the 5th edition of ''Fishes of the World'', is placed within the order Scorpaeniformes, alongside the scorpionfishes, flatheads, eelpouts,sticklebacks and related fishes.
Taxonom ...
** Superfamily Anoplopomatoidea ( Quast, 1965)
*** Family Anoplopomatidae Jordan
Jordan ( ar, الأردن; tr. ' ), officially the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan,; tr. ' is a country in Western Asia. It is situated at the crossroads of Asia, Africa, and Europe, within the Levant region, on the East Bank of the Jordan Rive ...
& Gilbert Gilbert may refer to:
People and fictional characters
* Gilbert (given name), including a list of people and fictional characters
*Gilbert (surname), including a list of people
Places Australia
* Gilbert River (Queensland)
* Gilbert River (South ...
, 1883 (Sablefishes)
** Superfamily Zaniolepidoidea Shinohara, 1994
*** Family Zaniolepididae Jordan & Gilbert, 1883 (Combfishes)
** Superfamily Hexagrammoidea Gill
A gill () is a respiratory organ that many aquatic organisms use to extract dissolved oxygen from water and to excrete carbon dioxide. The gills of some species, such as hermit crabs, have adapted to allow respiration on land provided they are ...
, 1889
*** Family Hexagrammidae
Hexagrammidae, the greenlings, is a family of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the suborder Cottoidei in the order Scorpaeniformes. These fishes are found in the North Pacific Ocean.
Taxonomy
Hexagrammidae was first proposed as a family i ...
Jordan, 1888 (Greenlings)
** Superfamily Trichodontoidea Nazarkin & Voskoboinikova, 2000
*** Family Trichodontidae Bleeker Bleeker is a Dutch occupational surname. Bleeker is an old spelling of ''(linnen)bleker'' ("linen bleacher").Cottoidea
A sculpin is a type of fish that belongs to the superfamily Cottoidea in the order Scorpaeniformes.Kane, E. A. and T. E. Higham. (2012)Life in the flow lane: differences in pectoral fin morphology suggest transitions in station-holding demand a ...
Gill, 1889
*** Family Jordaniidae
Jordaniidae is a small family of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the order Scorpaeniformes. These fishes are found in the eastern North Pacific Ocean.
Taxonomy
Jordaniidae was first proposed as a subfamily, Jordaniinae, of the family Cotti ...
Jordan & Evermann, 1898 (Longfin sculpins)
*** Family Rhamphocottidae
Rhamphocottidae is a family of ray-finned fishes belonging to the superfamily Cottoidea, the sculpins. The species in this family occur in the North Pacific Ocean.
Taxonomy
Rhamphocottidae was first proposed as a family by the American ichthyo ...
Jordan & Gilbert, 1883 (Grunt sculpins)
*** Family Scorpaenichthyidae Jordan & Evermann, 1898
*** Family Agonidae
Agonidae is a family of small, bottom-dwelling, cold-water marine fish. Common names for members of this family include poachers, Irish lords, sea ravens, alligatorfishes, starsnouts, hooknoses, and rockheads. They are notable for having elongate ...
Swainson, 1839 (Poachers and searavens)
*** Family Cottidae
The Cottidae are a family of fish in the superfamily Cottoidea, the sculpins. It is the largest sculpin family, with about 275 species in 70 genera.Kane, E. A. and T. E. Higham. (2012)Life in the flow lane: differences in pectoral fin morphology ...
Bonaparte, 1831 (Sculpins)
*** Family Psychrolutidae
The fish family Psychrolutidae (commonly known as blobfishes, toadfishes, flathead sculpins, tadpole sculpins,) contains over 35 recognized species in 8 genera. This family consists of bottom-dwelling marine sculpins shaped like tadpoles, with l ...
Günther, 1861 (Bighead sculpins)
*** Family Bathylutichthyidae Balushkin & Voskoboinikova, 1990 (Antarctic sculpins)
** Superfamily Cyclopteroidea Yabe, 1985
*** Family Cyclopteridae
The Cyclopteridae are a family of marine fishes, commonly known as lumpsuckers or lumpfish, in the order Scorpaeniformes. They are found in the cold waters of the Arctic Ocean, Arctic, Atlantic Ocean, North Atlantic, and Pacific Ocean, North Paci ...
Bonaparte, 1831 (lumpfishes or lumpsuckers)
*** Family Liparidae
The Liparidae, commonly known as snailfish or sea snails, are a family of marine scorpaeniform fishes.
Widely distributed from the Arctic to Antarctic Oceans, including the oceans in between, the snailfish family contains more than 30 genera ...
Gill, 1861 (Snailfishes)
This classification is not settled, however, and some authorities classify these groupings largely within the Order Perciformes
Perciformes (), also called the Percomorpha or Acanthopteri, is an order or superorder of ray-finned fish. If considered a single order, they are the most numerous order of vertebrates, containing about 41% of all bony fish. Perciformes means ...
as the suborder
Order ( la, ordo) is one of the eight major hierarchical taxonomic ranks in Linnaean taxonomy. It is classified between family and class. In biological classification, the order is a taxonomic rank used in the classification of organisms and ...
s Scorpaenoidei, Platycephaloidei, Triglioidei and Cottoidei, Cottodei including the infraorders Anoplopomatales, Zoarcales, Gasterosteales, Zaniolepidoales, Hexagrammales and Cottales. These infraorder
Order ( la, ordo) is one of the eight major hierarchical taxonomic ranks in Linnaean taxonomy. It is classified between family and class. In biological classification, the order is a taxonomic rank used in the classification of organisms and ...
s largely correspond with the superfamilies in the Cottoidei set out in the 5th edition of Fishes of the World.
Timeline of genera
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from: -65.5 till: -55.8 color:paleocene text:Paleocene
The Paleocene, ( ) or Palaeocene, is a geological epoch (geology), epoch that lasted from about 66 to 56 mya (unit), million years ago (mya). It is the first epoch of the Paleogene Period (geology), Period in the modern Cenozoic Era (geology), E ...
from: -55.8 till: -33.9 color:eocene text:Eocene
The Eocene ( ) Epoch is a geological epoch (geology), epoch that lasted from about 56 to 33.9 million years ago (mya). It is the second epoch of the Paleogene Period (geology), Period in the modern Cenozoic Era (geology), Era. The name ''Eocene' ...
from: -33.9 till: -23.03 color:oligocene text:Oligocene
The Oligocene ( ) is a geologic epoch of the Paleogene Period and extends from about 33.9 million to 23 million years before the present ( to ). As with other older geologic periods, the rock beds that define the epoch are well identified but the ...
from: -23.03 till: -5.332 color:miocene text:Miocene
The Miocene ( ) is the first geological epoch of the Neogene Period and extends from about (Ma). The Miocene was named by Scottish geologist Charles Lyell; the name comes from the Greek words (', "less") and (', "new") and means "less recen ...
from: -5.332 till: -2.588 color:pliocene text: Plio.
from: -2.588 till: -0.0117 color:pleistocene text:Pleist.
The Pleistocene ( , often referred to as the ''Ice age'') is the geological epoch that lasted from about 2,580,000 to 11,700 years ago, spanning the Earth's most recent period of repeated glaciations. Before a change was finally confirmed in ...
from: -0.0117 till: 0 color:holocene text: H.
bar:eratop
from: -65.5 till: -23.03 color:paleogene text:Paleogene
The Paleogene ( ; British English, also spelled Palaeogene or Palæogene; informally Lower Tertiary or Early Tertiary) is a geologic period, geologic period and system that spans 43 million years from the end of the Cretaceous Period million yea ...
from: -23.03 till: -2.588 color:neogene text:Neogene
The Neogene ( ), informally Upper Tertiary or Late Tertiary, is a geologic period and system that spans 20.45 million years from the end of the Paleogene Period million years ago ( Mya) to the beginning of the present Quaternary Period Mya. ...
from: -2.588 till: 0 color:quaternary text: Q.
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color:eocene bar:NAM1 from:-55.8 till:-48.6 text: Eosynanceja
color:eocene bar:NAM2 from:-55.8 till:-33.9 text: Eocottus
color:eocene bar:NAM3 from:-55.8 till:-5.33 text: Ctenopomichthys
color:eocene bar:NAM4 from:-55.8 till:0 text:Platycephalus
''Platycephalus'' is a genus of mostly marine, demersal ray-finned fish belonging to the family Platycephalidae. They are found in the eastern Mediterranean, the Indian Ocean and western Pacific Ocean.
Taxonomy
''Platycephalus'' was first pro ...
color:eocene bar:NAM5 from:-37.2 till:0 text:Lepidotrigla
''Lepidotrigla'' is a genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Triglidae, the gurnards and sea robins. These gurnards are found in the Eastern Atlantic, Indian and Western Pacific Oceans.
Taxonomy
''Lepidotrigla'' was first desc ...
color:eocene bar:NAM6 from:-37.2 till:0 text:Notesthes
The bullrout (''Notesthes robusta''), also commonly called freshwater stonefish or kroki, is a pale yellowish to dark-brown coloured fish that lives in tidal estuaries and slow-flowing streams in eastern Australia, from Southern New South Wales ...
color:eocene bar:NAM7 from:-37.2 till:0 text:Podothecus
''Podothecus'' is a genus of poachers native to the northern Pacific Ocean
The Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest of Earth's five oceanic divisions. It extends from the Arctic Ocean in the north to the Southern Ocean (or, depe ...
color:eocene bar:NAM8 from:-37.2 till:0 text:Scorpaena
''Scorpaena'' is a widespread genus of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Scorpaenidae, the scorpionfishes.
Taxonomy
''Scorpaena'' was first described as a genus in 1758 by Carl Linnaeus in the 10th Edition of his ''Systema Naturae ...
color:oligocene bar:NAM9 from:-33.9 till:0 text:Agonus
''Agonus'' is a monospecific genus of ray-finned fish belonging to the subfamily Agoninae in the family Agonidae. Its only species is ''Agonus cataphractus'', commonly known as the hooknose, pogge or armed bullhead. This is a demersal fish found ...
color:oligocene bar:NAM10 from:-33.9 till:0 text:Pontinus
''Pontinus'' is a genus of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Scorpaenidae, the scorpionfishes. The scorpionfishes in this genus are distributed in the tropical and warm temperate parts Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans.
Taxonomy
' ...
color:oligocene bar:NAM11 from:-33.9 till:0 text:Sebastes
''Sebastes'' is a genus of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the subfamily Sebastinae part of the family Scorpaenidae, most of which have the common name of rockfish. A few are called ocean perch, sea perch or redfish instead. They are found i ...
color:oligocene bar:NAM12 from:-33.9 till:0 text:Trigla
The piper gurnard (''Trigla lyra''), also known as the piper or the lyre gurnard, is a species of marine, demersal ray-finned fish from the family Triglidae, the gurnards and sea robins. It is found in the eastern Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterran ...
color:miocene bar:NAM13 from:-23.03 till:0 text: Neoplatycephalus
color:miocene bar:NAM14 from:-23.03 till:0 text: Peristedion
color:miocene bar:NAM15 from:-15.97 till:0 text: Hoplichthys
color:miocene bar:NAM16 from:-11.61 till:-5.33 text: Achrestogrammus
color:miocene bar:NAM17 from:-11.61 till:-5.33 text: Lirosceles
color:miocene bar:NAM18 from:-11.61 till:0 text: Sebastodes
color:pliocene bar:NAM19 from:-5.33 till:0 text:Artedius
''Artedius'' is a genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Cottidae, the typical sculpins. These fishes are found in the northern Pacific Ocean.
Taxonomy
''Artedius'' was first proposed as a genus in 1854 by the French zoologis ...
color:pliocene bar:NAM20 from:-5.33 till:0 text: Chitonotus
color:pliocene bar:NAM21 from:-5.33 till:0 text: Enophrys
color:pliocene bar:NAM22 from:-5.33 till:0 text: Icelinus
color:pliocene bar:NAM23 from:-5.33 till:0 text: Lepidocottus
color:pliocene bar:NAM24 from:-5.33 till:0 text:Leptocottus
The Pacific staghorn sculpin (''Leptocottus armatus'') is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the Family (biology), family Cottidae, the typical sculpins. This species is found in the eastern Pacific Ocean. It is the only species in ...
color:pliocene bar:NAM25 from:-5.33 till:0 text:Malacocottus
''Malacocottus'' is a genus of fatheads native to the northern Pacific Ocean
The Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest of Earth's five oceanic divisions. It extends from the Arctic Ocean in the north to the Southern Ocean (or, dep ...
color:pliocene bar:NAM26 from:-5.33 till:0 text:Prionotus
''Prionotus'' is a genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Triglidae, one of two genera belonging to the subfamily Prionotinae, the searobins. These fishes are found in the Western Atlantic Ocean and eastern Pacific Ocean, in t ...
color:pliocene bar:NAM27 from:-5.33 till:0 text:Radulinus
''Radulinus'' is a genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the Family (biology), family Cottidae, the typical sculpins. These fishes are found in the eastern Pacific Ocean.
Taxonomy
''Radulinus'' was first proposed as a monospecific genu ...
color:pleistocene bar:NAM28 from:-2.59 till:0 text: Cyclopterus
color:pleistocene bar:NAM29 from:-2.59 till:0 text:Eutrigla
The grey gurnard (''Eutrigla gurnardus'') is a species of ray-finned fish from the family Triglidae, the gurnards and sea robins. It is native to the eastern Atlantic Ocean, the Mediterranean Sea, and the Black Sea. It is caught as a food fish an ...
color:pleistocene bar:NAM30 from:-2.59 till:0 text: Ophiodon
color:pleistocene bar:NAM31 from:-2.59 till:0 text: Scorpaenichthys
color:pleistocene bar:NAM32 from:-2.59 till:0 text:Zaniolepis
''Zaniolepis'', the combfishes, is a genus of marine ray-finned fish, it is one of two genera in the family Zaniolepididae. These fishes are native to the eastern Pacific Ocean. ''Z. frenata'' that was a source of food to the Native American i ...
PlotData=
align:center textcolor:black fontsize:M mark:(line,black) width:25
bar:period
from: -65.5 till: -55.8 color:paleocene text:Paleocene
The Paleocene, ( ) or Palaeocene, is a geological epoch (geology), epoch that lasted from about 66 to 56 mya (unit), million years ago (mya). It is the first epoch of the Paleogene Period (geology), Period in the modern Cenozoic Era (geology), E ...
from: -55.8 till: -33.9 color:eocene text:Eocene
The Eocene ( ) Epoch is a geological epoch (geology), epoch that lasted from about 56 to 33.9 million years ago (mya). It is the second epoch of the Paleogene Period (geology), Period in the modern Cenozoic Era (geology), Era. The name ''Eocene' ...
from: -33.9 till: -23.03 color:oligocene text:Oligocene
The Oligocene ( ) is a geologic epoch of the Paleogene Period and extends from about 33.9 million to 23 million years before the present ( to ). As with other older geologic periods, the rock beds that define the epoch are well identified but the ...
from: -23.03 till: -5.332 color:miocene text:Miocene
The Miocene ( ) is the first geological epoch of the Neogene Period and extends from about (Ma). The Miocene was named by Scottish geologist Charles Lyell; the name comes from the Greek words (', "less") and (', "new") and means "less recen ...
from: -5.332 till: -2.588 color:pliocene text: Plio.
from: -2.588 till: -0.0117 color:pleistocene text:Pleist.
The Pleistocene ( , often referred to as the ''Ice age'') is the geological epoch that lasted from about 2,580,000 to 11,700 years ago, spanning the Earth's most recent period of repeated glaciations. Before a change was finally confirmed in ...
from: -0.0117 till: 0 color:holocene text: H.
bar:era
from: -65.5 till: -23.03 color:paleogene text:Paleogene
The Paleogene ( ; British English, also spelled Palaeogene or Palæogene; informally Lower Tertiary or Early Tertiary) is a geologic period, geologic period and system that spans 43 million years from the end of the Cretaceous Period million yea ...
from: -23.03 till: -2.588 color:neogene text:Neogene
The Neogene ( ), informally Upper Tertiary or Late Tertiary, is a geologic period and system that spans 20.45 million years from the end of the Paleogene Period million years ago ( Mya) to the beginning of the present Quaternary Period Mya. ...
from: -2.588 till: 0 color:quaternary text: Q.
See also
* List of fish families
This is a list of fish families sorted alphabetically by scientific name. There are 525 families in the list.
__NOTOC__
A - B - C - D - E - F -
G - H - I - J - K -
L - M - N - O - P - R - S - T - U - V - W - X - Y - Z
--- ...
Notes
References
*
{{Authority control
Ray-finned fish orders
Articles which contain graphical timelines