Sabzevar ( fa, سبزوار ), previously known as Beyhagh (also spelled "Beihagh"; fa, بيهق), is a city and capital of Sabzevar County, in Razavi Khorasan Province, approximately west of the provincial capital

Mashhad Mashhad ( fa, مشهد, Mašhad ), also spelled Mashad, is the List of Iranian cities by population, second-most-populous city in Iran, located in the relatively remote north-east of the country about from Tehran. It serves as the capital of R ...

, in northeastern

Iran Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, and also called Persia, is a country located in Western Asia. It is bordered by Iraq and Turkey to the west, by Azerbaijan and Armenia to the northwest, by the Caspian Sea and Turkmeni ...

. At the 2006 census, its population was 208,172, in 57,024 families. Sabzevar is the commercial center for an

agricultural region The Agricultural Region is a multi-member electoral region of the Western Australian Legislative Council, located in the South West, Peel and part of the Great Southern regions of the state. It was created by the ''Acts Amendment (Electoral Re ...

producing

grape A grape is a fruit, botanically a berry, of the deciduous woody vines of the flowering plant genus ''Vitis''. Grapes are a non- climacteric type of fruit, generally occurring in clusters. The cultivation of grapes began perhaps 8,000 years ago, ...

s and

raisin A raisin is a dried grape. Raisins are produced in many regions of the world and may be eaten raw or used in cooking, baking, and brewing. In the United Kingdom, Ireland, New Zealand, and Australia, the word ''raisin'' is reserved for the d ...

s. There is some small-scale industry, for

food processing Food processing is the transformation of agricultural products into food, or of one form of food into other forms. Food processing includes many forms of processing foods, from grinding grain to make raw flour to home cooking to complex industr ...

copperware A coppersmith, also known as a brazier, is a person who makes artifacts from copper and brass. Brass is an alloy of copper and zinc. The term "redsmith" is used for a tinsmith that uses tinsmithing tools and techniques to make copper items. Hi ...

, and electric motors. Through the old bazaar of Sabzevar fresh, dried, and preserved fruits and vegetables are exported. Sabzevar is connected to

Tehran Tehran (; fa, تهران ) is the largest city in Tehran Province and the capital of Iran. With a population of around 9 million in the city and around 16 million in the larger metropolitan area of Greater Tehran, Tehran is the most popul ...

and Mashhad by road. Sabzevar Airport provides

domestic flight A domestic flight is a form of commercial flight within civil aviation where the departure and the arrival take place in the same country. Airports serving domestic flights only are known as domestic airports. Domestic flights are generally c ...

s. It suffered a flash flood in April 2020.

History

The history of Sabzevar goes back to the

1st millennium BC The 1st millennium BC, also known as the last millennium BC, was the period of time lasting from the years 1000 BC to 1 BC (10th to 1st centuries BC; in astronomy: JD – ). It encompasses the Iron Age in the Old World and sees the transit ...

. Ancient remains include fire-temple Azarbarzin which is still visible. After the

Mongol invasion of Iran The Mongol invasion of Khwarezmia ( fa, حمله مغول به خوارزمشاهیان) took place between 1219 and 1221, as troops of the Mongol Empire under Genghis Khan invaded the lands of the Khwarazmian Empire in Central Asia. The cam ...

, the city was the first part of Iran that moved towards its freedom, under the lead of the Sarbedaran movement. In 14th century

Timur Timur ; chg, ''Aqsaq Temür'', 'Timur the Lame') or as ''Sahib-i-Qiran'' ( 'Lord of the Auspicious Conjunction'), his epithet. ( chg, ''Temür'', 'Iron'; 9 April 133617–19 February 1405), later Timūr Gurkānī ( chg, ''Temür Kür ...

invaded Iran and destroyed the city completely. Contemporary sources mention 90,000 people having been murdered by Timur. After killing all men in the town, he cut their heads and made 3 pyramids of the heads, in what is now the modern Sarberiz (meaning "Place of heads") square. Sabzevar Province had been lost by the Safavids to the Uzbeks of

Transoxiana Transoxiana or Transoxania (Land beyond the Oxus) is the Latin name for a region and civilization located in lower Central Asia roughly corresponding to modern-day eastern Uzbekistan, western Tajikistan, parts of southern Kazakhstan, parts of Tu ...

, but was regained following a Safavid counter-offensive around 1600, along with

Herat Herāt (; Persian: ) is an oasis city and the third-largest city of Afghanistan. In 2020, it had an estimated population of 574,276, and serves as the capital of Herat Province, situated south of the Paropamisus Mountains (''Selseleh-ye Safēd ...

and Farah.

Location

Sabzevar is located in the west of Razavi Khorasan province at the northeast of

. Sabzevar is a 650 km far from

(the capital of Iran). It's important close neighbors are

Nishapur Nishapur or officially Romanized as Neyshabur ( fa, ;Or also "نیشاپور" which is closer to its original and historic meaning though it is less commonly used by modern native Persian speakers. In Persian poetry, the name of this city is wr ...

Bardaskan Bardaskan ( fa, بردسكن; also Romanized as ''Badar Askān'', ''Badr Eshkand'', ''Bardāskan'', ''Bardāskand'', ''Bardeshkand'' and ''Bardeskan'') is a city and capital of Bardaskan County, in Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. Bardaskan use ...

, Esfarāyen and Shahrud.

Population

In 1937 when Iran was ruled by Reza Shah, Sabzevar was the second most populated city in the 9th county. According to the census of 2017, Sabzevar is Iran's 34th most populous city.

Anthem

The special Anthem of Sabzevar was unveiled for the first time in 2010; it received the first rank in all anthems of cities in Razavi Khorasan province.

Main sights

Mil-e Khosrow Gerd (meaning "The brick tower of king Khosrau) is the highest brick tower in the city. Mosques include the Masjed Jameh of Friday mosque, with its two tall

minaret A minaret (; ar, منارة, translit=manāra, or ar, مِئْذَنة, translit=miʾḏana, links=no; tr, minare; fa, گل‌دسته, translit=goldaste) is a type of tower typically built into or adjacent to mosques. Minarets are generall ...

s. They were both built during the Islamic age of Sabzevar.

Universities

Hakim Sabzevari University Hakim Sabzevari University (HSU) ( fa, دانشگاه حکیم سبزواری, ''Daneshgah-e Hakim Sabzevari'', Global WHED ID= IAU-016158) is one of the most developed public universities in Sabzevar city at Razavi Khorasan province, Iran. Hakim ...

is one of the most prestigious public university in Iran and the oldest university in Sabzevar. HSU was established in 1973 when its name was Kar University. After the Iran revolution in 1979, this university was halted until 1987. HSU was reestablished with a new name. The

Tarbiat Moallem University of Sabzevar Hakim Sabzevari University (HSU) ( fa, دانشگاه حکیم سبزواری, ''Daneshgah-e Hakim Sabzevari'', Global WHED ID= IAU-016158) is one of the most developed public universities in Sabzevar city at Razavi Khorasan province, Iran. Haki ...

was working and growing until 2011. In this year this university was renamed to Hakim Sabzevari University. HSU offers 139 bachelors, masters, and Ph.D. programs to more than 9,200 male and female students studying under about 280 faculty members in 10 departments. HSU is known as the dynamic in science and the leading in development university in Iran.

Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences Founded as the school of nursing and midwifery in 1986, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Iran, found its independence from Mashhad University of Medical Sciences in 1995 admitting students for two majors: Nursing (four-year BSC program) a ...

is one of the most prestigious public universities in Khorasan province. MEDSAB was established in 1975. In 1986, School of nursing was founded in Sabzevar. MEDSAB offers 20 programs to more than 2000 students in medical fields. This university has more than 200 faculty members. There are 5 hospitals and 4 schools in this university. The city is home to the

Islamic Azad University of Sabzevar The Islamic Azad University, Sabzevar Branch was founded in 1985 in Sabzevar, the second largest city in the Khorasan province in the north east of Iran Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, and also called Persia, is ...

(IAUS), founded in 1985 in response to increasing demands for a higher education center in the region; expansion and development have always continued within the university. IAUS is one of the most private universities in Khorasan province. Currently, there are about 6,500 students studying in three campuses.

Sabzevar University of New Technology The Sabzevar University of New Technology (SUNT) is a public university in Sabzevar city at Razavi Khorasan province of Iran. Founded in 2011 in response to the increasing industrialization of Iran, SUNT adopted an industrial university model ...

is the youngest public university in Khorasan province. SUNT was established in 2011. The main objective of this university on teaching and transferring new technology for women students. SUNT offers modern bachelors programs to more than 1000 female students studying in one department. SUNT is known as the third generation universities in Iran. Sabzevar Panorama 02

Climate

Sabzevar has a

cold semi-arid climate A semi-arid climate, semi-desert climate, or steppe climate is a dry climate sub-type. It is located on regions that receive precipitation below potential evapotranspiration, but not as low as a desert climate. There are different kinds of semi-ar ...

(

Köppen climate classification The Köppen climate classification is one of the most widely used climate classification systems. It was first published by German-Russian climatologist Wladimir Köppen (1846–1940) in 1884, with several later modifications by Köppen, notabl ...

: ''BSk'').

Historical places

file:Menar_Khosrovgerd.jpg , Minaret Khosrowud file:Baazaar Sarpoush of Sabzevar.jpg, Sabzevar Historical Market file:Hashtpayeh_Reservoir_of_Sabzevar_01.jpg, pool with eight bases file:Gheysarieh Bathroom of Sabzevar 01.jpg, Caesarea Bath

Notable people

* Ali Shariati *

Mahmoud Dowlatabadi Mahmoud Dowlatabadi ( fa, محمود دولت‌آبادی, ''Mahmud Dowlatâbâdi'') (born 1 August 1940 in Dowlatabad, Sabzevar) is an Iranian writer and actor, known for his promotion of social and artistic freedom in contemporary Iran and ...

* Hadi Sabzavari *

Al-Bayhaqi Abū Bakr Aḥmad ibn Ḥusayn ibn ʿAlī ibn Mūsā al-Khusrawjirdī al-Bayhaqī ( ar, أبو بكر أحمد بن حسين بن علي بن موسى الخسروجردي البيهقي, 994–1066), also known as Imām al-Bayhaqī, was born c. ...

Husayn Kashifi Kamāl al-Dīn Ḥusayn ibn ʿAlī Kashifi, best simply known as Husayn Kashifi, was a prolific Persian prose-stylist, a poet, a Quran exegete, a Sufi scholar, and an astronomer of the Timurid era. ''Kashifi'' was his pen name, whereas his surname ...

Abul-Fazl Bayhaqi Abūʾl-Faḍl Muḥammad ibn Ḥusayn Bayhaqī ( fa, ابوالفضل محمد بن حسین بیهقی; died September 21, 1077), better known as Abu'l-Faḍl Bayhaqi (; also spelled Beyhaqi), was a Persian secretary, historian and author. Educ ...

Ali Divandari Ali Divandari ( fa, علی دیواندری; also Romanized as Alī Divāndarī, ; Born 6 September 1957 in Sabzevar) is an Iranian cartoonist, painter, graphic designer, sculptor and journalist. Biography Divandari studied graphics at the Fac ...

* Ali-Akbar Furutan *

Rouzbeh Cheshmi Rouzbeh Cheshmi ( fa, روزبه چشمی; born 24 July 1993) is an Iranian footballer who plays as a defensive midfielder or a centre-back for Esteghlal and the Iran national team. Early life Cheshmi was born in Tehran to a family originall ...

* Sayed Hassan Amin *

Mohammad Khordadian Mohammad Khordadian ( fa, محمد خردادیان ''Mohammad Khordādiyān''; born 22 February 1957) is an Iranian-American choreographer, dancer and entertainer. His dance instruction tapes of Persian and Arabic dance have become popular insi ...

Mirza Muhammad Kamil Dehlavi ''Hakim Mirza'' Muhammad Kamil ''Dehlavi'' (d. 1809/10), also known as Shahid Rabay (The Fourth Martyr) was an Indian Shia author and a practitioner of Unani medicine in Delhi. Nuzhat-e-Isna Ashariya He authored ''Nuzhat-e-Isna Ashariya'' , a ...

Behzad Nabavi Behzad Nabavi ( fa, بهزاد نبوی) (born 1941) is an Iranian reformist politician. He served as Deputy Speaker of the Parliament of Iran and was one of the founders of the reformist party Mojahedin of the Islamic Revolution Organization. Pr ...

Mahmoud Anbarani Mahmoud Anbarani (Born in 1937 - Sabzevar - Iran) poet, writer, translator and scholar of Persian (Iran). Life He passed his secondary education in city of Sabzevar, and moved to Mashhad in 1953. In 1954, he was accepted in mashhad Medical Sch ...

* Abd al-A'la al-Sabzevari *

Abu'l-Fadl Bayhaqi Abūʾl-Faḍl Muḥammad ibn Ḥusayn Bayhaqī ( fa, ابوالفضل محمد بن حسین بیهقی; died September 21, 1077), better known as Abu'l-Faḍl Bayhaqi (; also spelled Beyhaqi), was a Persian secretary, historian and author. Educ ...

Rezai family Before the Islamic Revolution of 1979, the Rezai family was one of the richest and most powerful families in Iran. The four brothers, Ali, Mahmood, Abbas and Ghassem used their savvy, and a small inheritance from their father who had died when Gha ...

Cyrus Ghani Cyrus Ghani (1929 Sabzevar, Iran – 2015 New York, USA) sometimes spelled Sīrūs Ghanī, was an Iranian-born academic, lawyer, Iranian studies scholar, and film critic. Born in Sabzevar Sabzevar ( fa, سبزوار ), previously known as B ...

Amir Shahi Sabzavari Amir Shahi Sabzavari (also spelled Sabzevari, Sabzawari; died 1453) was a Persian poet who flourished in 15th-century Timurid Iran. He was descended from the Sarbadars of Sabzevar. He composed a response to the opening ghazal of Hafez's ''divan' ...

Mohammad Khorramgah Mohammad Khorramgah ( fa, محمد خرمگاه; born 23 September 1973) is an Iranian football coach and retired player.

Mohammad Parvin Gonabadi Mohammad Parvin Gonabadi ( fa, محمد پروین گنابادی, Moḥammad Parvin Gonābādi) was an Iranian literary scholar and politician. Early life and education Parvin Gonabadi was born in Gonabad into a clerical family. He went to Mas ...

Mohammad Bagher Sabzevari Mohammad Bagher Sabzevari ( fa, محمدباقر سبزواری) known as Mohaghegh Sabzevari ( fa, محقق سبزواری) (born in 1608, died on 19 April 1679) was an Iran, Iranian Faqih and Shia Islam, Shiite scholar from the 11th century Hi ...

Fakhreddin Hejazi Fakhreddin Hejazi ( fa, فخرالدین حجازی) was an Iranian orator and politician who represented Tehran, Rey and Shemiranat from 1980 to 1992, and was the most-voted deputy in the 1980 Iranian legislative election. Political positions ...

* Mohammad Salari *

Kulū Isfandiyār Kulū Isfandiyār ( fa, کلو اسفندیار) was the leader of the Sarbadars of Sabzewar from 1346 until around 1347. Career Kulu Isfandiyar was a military commander under Wajih ad-Din Mas'ud and was one of his supporters. In 1346 was instal ...

Mohammad-Reza Rahchamani Mohammad-Reza Rahchamani ( fa, محمدرضا راه‌چمنی‎; 1 December 1952 – 9 March 2020) was an Iranian physician and reformist politician. From 1984 to 2000, he represented Sabzevar in the Iranian Parliament. During the early 200 ...

Arash Sobhani Arash Sobhani ( fa, آرش سبحانی; born 3 January 1971 in Tehran) is an Iranian musician and television host. He is the lead singer and guitarist of underground rock band Kiosk and the host of ''OnTen'', a satirical news program that airs on ...

*Ali Salehabadi *Habib Rezaei *Iraj Mehdian *Mohammadreza Davarzani *Mohammad Hashem Mirza Afsar *Hasan Reyvandi *Hedayat Hashemi *Saeed Soltampour *Hamid Sabzevari *Gholam-Ali Beski *Hossein Torabi *Hassan Lahooti *Ghasem Ghani *Hossein Golestani

Transportation

Sabzevar is located on the country's transportation highway and passes through roads 44, 87 and the freeway under construction from shrine to shrine. Also, the

Turkmenistan Turkmenistan ( or ; tk, Türkmenistan / Түркменистан, ) is a country located in Central Asia, bordered by Kazakhstan to the northwest, Uzbekistan to the north, east and northeast, Afghanistan to the southeast, Iran to the sout ...

- Quchan-Sabzevar transit highway leads from Sabzevar to other parts of the country. It was known as the permitted air border and was operational 24 hours a day.

Airport

Sabzevar Airport was opened in 2003 and now has international flights and is the only airport in Khorasan Razavi that transports passengers after

Mashhad Airport Mashhad International Airport ( fa, فرودگاه بین‌المللی مشهد) is an international airport located in Mashhad, Razavi Khorasan, Iran. Overview Mashhad international airport is the Iran's second-busiest airport, behind Te ...

. The airport, which had previously experienced foreign flights to

Damascus )), is an adjective which means "spacious". , motto = , image_flag = Flag of Damascus.svg , image_seal = Emblem of Damascus.svg , seal_type = Seal , map_caption = , ...

and

Baghdad Baghdad (; ar, بَغْدَاد , ) is the capital of Iraq and the second-largest city in the Arab world after Cairo. It is located on the Tigris near the ruins of the ancient city of Babylon and the Sassanid Persian capital of Ctesiphon ...

in the 1990s and 1990s, now operates direct flights back and forth to Tehran and Kish Island two days a week.

References

External links

Governorship Webpage
{{Authority control Populated places in Sabzevar County Cities in Razavi Khorasan Province