SCB-125 was the

United States Navy The United States Navy (USN) is the naval warfare, maritime military branch, service branch of the United States Department of Defense. It is the world's most powerful navy with the largest Displacement (ship), displacement, at 4.5 millio ...

designation for a series of upgrades to the of

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s planned by the

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and conducted between 1954 and 1959. These upgrades included the addition of an angled flight deck and other enhancements (such as with catapults and elevators) aimed at improving flight operations and

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Principal alterations

The SCB-125 modifications included * Angled flight deck * Enclosed hurricane bow * Mirror landing system * Mark 7 arresting gear * Primary Flight Control moved to aft end of island * Air conditioning * No 1 (forward) elevator lengthened (SCB-27C ships only) * No 3 (aft) elevator moved from centerline to starboard deck edge (on SCB-27A ships; had been part of SCB-27C refits)

Program history

The SCB-125 upgrade program was first applied to the final three ''Essex''-class carriers to undergo the SCB-27C modernization while they were still in the midst of their original refit. Ultimately every SCB-27 ship would undergo the SCB-125 modification with the exception of . Despite the drastic alteration of the carriers' appearance, the SCB-125 refit involved relatively little modification of the ships' existing structure compared to SCB-27, and took around six to nine months as against the approximately two years of the earlier program. The original SCB-27A vessels, which were fitted with a pair of H 8 hydraulic catapults, were not upgraded with the C 11

steam catapult An aircraft catapult is a device used to help fixed-wing aircraft gain enough airspeed and lift for takeoff from a limited distance, typically from the deck of a ship. They are usually used on aircraft carrier flight decks as a form of assist ...

s fitted to their SCB-27C sister ships due to machinery space limitations. The SBC-27As also did not receive the enlarged No. 1 (forward) elevator installed in the 27C ships as part of SBC-125. The first three 27C ships (''Hancock, Intrepid'' and ''Ticonderoga'') had had their No 3 elevators moved from the centerline to the starboard deck edge, in a position relatively far aft. The next three (''Shangri-La, Lexington'' and ''Bon Homme Richard''), which underwent 27C and 125 concurrently, had the elevator relocated to a deck-edge position farther forward, and this location was used for the 27A ships as they in turn underwent SCB-125. , the prototype for the SCB-27 conversion, was the final ''Essex'' to undergo SCB-125 conversion and as such, received further enhancements. As a result of the addition of aluminum flight-deck cladding, Mk 7-1

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and more-powerful C 11-1 steam catapults to the standard SCB-125 modifications, ''Oriskany'' alone was referred to as a SCB-125A vessel. These changes also made ''Oriskany'' the only SCB-27A vessel to receive steam catapults.

Modified vessels

''Source: www.history.navy.mil'' ¹ These 3 ships received SCB-27C and SCB-125 at same time; others received SCB-27A/C first and then SCB-125 subsequently ² ''Lexington'' was redesignated CVA upon completion of SCB-27C/125 ³ Ships with SCB-27A received lower power hydraulic catapaults so were relegated to antisubmarine duties later in their careers and redesignated CVS

References

Naval Historical Center page on SCB-125 program
{{Essex class aircraft carrier Essex-class aircraft carriers