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Rice pudding is a dish made from rice mixed with water or milk and other ingredients such as
cinnamon Cinnamon is a spice obtained from the inner bark of several tree species from the genus ''Cinnamomum''. Cinnamon is used mainly as an aromatic condiment and flavouring additive in a wide variety of cuisines, sweet and savoury dishes, breakfa ...
, vanilla and raisins. Variants are used for either desserts or dinners. When used as a
dessert Dessert is a course (food), course that concludes a meal. The course consists of sweet foods, such as confections, and possibly a beverage such as dessert wine and liqueur. In some parts of the world, such as much of Greece and West Africa, and ...
, it is commonly combined with a sweetener such as
sugar Sugar is the generic name for sweet-tasting, soluble carbohydrates, many of which are used in food. Simple sugars, also called monosaccharides, include glucose, fructose, and galactose. Compound sugars, also called disaccharides or double ...
. Such desserts are found on many continents, especially Asia where rice is a staple. Some variants are thickened only with the rice starch; others include eggs, making them a kind of
custard Custard is a variety of culinary preparations based on sweetened milk, cheese, or cream cooked with egg or egg yolk to thicken it, and sometimes also flour, corn starch, or gelatin. Depending on the recipe, custard may vary in consistency fro ...
.


Rice pudding around the world

Rice puddings are found in nearly every area of the world. Recipes can greatly vary even within a single country. The dessert can be boiled or baked. Different types of pudding vary depending on preparation methods and the selected ingredients. The following ingredients are usually found in rice puddings: * rice; white rice (usually short-grain, but can also be long-grain,
broken rice Broken rice is fragments of rice grains, broken in the field, during drying, during transport, or during milling. Mechanical separators are used to separate the broken grains from the whole grains and sort them by size. Broken rice is fragmented, ...
, basmati, or jasmine rice), brown rice, or black rice * milk (
whole milk Milk is a white liquid food produced by the mammary glands of mammals. It is the primary source of nutrition for young mammals (including breastfed human infants) before they are able to digest solid food. Immune factors and immune-modulating ...
,
coconut milk Coconut milk is an opaque, milky-white liquid extracted from the grated pulp of mature coconuts. The opacity and rich taste of coconut milk are due to its high oil content, most of which is saturated fat. Coconut milk is a traditional food i ...
, cream or evaporated) * spices ( cardamom, nutmeg,
cinnamon Cinnamon is a spice obtained from the inner bark of several tree species from the genus ''Cinnamomum''. Cinnamon is used mainly as an aromatic condiment and flavouring additive in a wide variety of cuisines, sweet and savoury dishes, breakfa ...
,
ginger Ginger (''Zingiber officinale'') is a flowering plant whose rhizome, ginger root or ginger, is widely used as a spice A spice is a seed, fruit, root, bark, or other plant substance primarily used for flavoring or coloring food. Spices ...
, or others) * flavorings and toppings ( vanilla, orange, lemon,
rose water Rose water ( fa, گلاب) is a flavoured water made by steeping rose petals in water. It is the hydrosol portion of the distillate of rose petals, a by-product of the production of rose oil Rose oil (rose otto, attar of rose, attar of rose ...
;
pistachio The pistachio (, ''Pistacia vera''), a member of the cashew family, is a small tree originating from Central Asia and the Middle East. The tree produces seeds that are widely consumed as food. ''Pistacia vera'' is often confused with other sp ...
,
almond The almond (''Prunus amygdalus'', syn. ''Prunus dulcis'') is a species of tree native to Iran and surrounding countries, including the Levant. The almond is also the name of the edible and widely cultivated seed of this tree. Within the genus ...
,
cashew The cashew tree (''Anacardium occidentale'') is a tropical evergreen tree native to South America in the genus ''Anacardium'' that produces the cashew seed and the cashew apple accessory fruit. The tree can grow as tall as , but the dwarf cult ...
, raisin, walnut, or others) * sweetener (
sugar Sugar is the generic name for sweet-tasting, soluble carbohydrates, many of which are used in food. Simple sugars, also called monosaccharides, include glucose, fructose, and galactose. Compound sugars, also called disaccharides or double ...
, brown sugar,
honey Honey is a sweet and viscous substance made by several bees, the best-known of which are honey bees. Honey is made and stored to nourish bee colonies. Bees produce honey by gathering and then refining the sugary secretions of plants (primar ...
, sweetened condensed milk,
dates Date or dates may refer to: *Date (fruit), the fruit of the date palm (''Phoenix dactylifera'') Social activity *Dating, a form of courtship involving social activity, with the aim of assessing a potential partner **Group dating *Play date, an ...
, fruit or syrups) * eggs (sometimes) The following is a list of various rice puddings grouped by place of origin.


Middle East, North and Central Africa, West Asia

* '' Moghli'' (Lebanese) with
anise Anise (; '), also called aniseed or rarely anix is a flowering plant in the family Apiaceae native to Eurasia. The flavor and aroma of its seeds have similarities with some other spices and herbs, such as star anise, fennel, licorice, and ta ...
, caraway, and cinnamon * ''Muhalibiyya'' (Arabic) with milk, rice flour, sugar, and rosewater * ''Riz au lait'' (DRC-French) with milk and sugar * ''Fırın sütlaç'' (Turkish) baked, with milk, eggs, and cinnamon * ''Sütlaç'' (
Turkish Turkish may refer to: *a Turkic language spoken by the Turks * of or about Turkey ** Turkish language *** Turkish alphabet ** Turkish people, a Turkic ethnic group and nation *** Turkish citizen, a citizen of Turkey *** Turkish communities and mi ...
), served as cold; often browned in a salamander broiler and garnished with cinnamon. May be sweetened with sugar or pekmez. * ''Riz bi haleeb'' (
Levantine Levantine may refer to: * Anything pertaining to the Levant, the region centered around modern Syria, Lebanon, Israel, Palestine, and Jordan, including any person from the Levant ** Syria (region), corresponding to the modern countries of the Lev ...
), (lit. "rice-with-milk") with
rosewater Rose water ( fa, گلاب) is a flavoured water made by steeping rose petals in water. It is the hydrosol portion of the distillate of rose petals, a by-product of the production of rose oil for use in perfume. Rose water is also used to flavour ...
and occasionally mastic *''Roz bil-laban'' (
Egyptian Egyptian describes something of, from, or related to Egypt. Egyptian or Egyptians may refer to: Nations and ethnic groups * Egyptians, a national group in North Africa ** Egyptian culture, a complex and stable culture with thousands of years of ...
), (lit. "rice-with-milk") * '' Sholezard'' (Iranian) made with saffron and
rose water Rose water ( fa, گلاب) is a flavoured water made by steeping rose petals in water. It is the hydrosol portion of the distillate of rose petals, a by-product of the production of rose oil Rose oil (rose otto, attar of rose, attar of rose ...
. Some variations use butter to improve the texture. It is especially served on
Islamic Islam (; ar, ۘالِإسلَام, , ) is an Abrahamic monotheistic religion centred primarily around the Quran, a religious text considered by Muslims to be the direct word of God (or '' Allah'') as it was revealed to Muhammad, the mai ...
occasions in months of Muharram and
Ramadan , type = islam , longtype = Religious , image = Ramadan montage.jpg , caption=From top, left to right: A crescent moon over Sarıçam, Turkey, marking the beginning of the Islamic month of Ramadan. Ramadan Quran reading in Bandar Torkaman, Iran. ...
. *
Shir Berenj Shir Berenj (Persian: شیر برنج; also transliterated as "Sheer Berenj" or "Sheer Berinj") or Fereni, is a rice pudding flavored with rose water, spices such as cinnamon or cardamom and often containing almonds. It is common to many countries ...
(Iranian) made with cardamom * ''Zarda wa haleeb'' (Iraqi) rice prepared with
date syrup Date honey, date syrup, date molasses, Debes ( ar, دِبس, ), or rub ( ar, رُب, ; he, דְּבַש תמרים ''dvash tmarim'' or סילאן, ''silan''; fa, شیره خرما) is a thick dark brown, very sweet fruit syrup extracted from dat ...
served in the same dish as with rice prepared with milk * ''Gatnabour'' (Armenian), (lit. "milk pudding") * ''Südlü aş'' (Azerbaijani), (lit. "rice dish with milk")


East Asia

* ''Ba bao fan'' (Chinese) with glutinous rice, red bean paste, lard, sugar syrup, and eight kinds of fruits or nuts; traditionally eaten at the
Chinese New Year Chinese New Year is the festival that celebrates the beginning of a New Year, new year on the traditional lunisolar calendar, lunisolar and solar Chinese calendar. In Sinophone, Chinese and other East Asian cultures, the festival is commonly r ...
* ''
Put chai ko ''Put chai ko'' () is a popular snack in Hong Kong. The pudding cake is palm size and is sweet in taste. It is soft, but can hold its molded shape outside a bowl. The cake is made from white or brown sugar, long-grain rice flour with a little ...
'' (Hong Kong) made with white or brown sugar, long-grain rice flour, and a little cornstarch.


Southeast Asia

Many dishes resembling rice pudding can be found in Southeast Asia, many of which have Chinese influences. Owing to Chinese usage, they are almost never referred to as rice pudding by the local populations (whether ethnic Chinese origin or not) but instead called sweet rice porridge. * Banana rice pudding (Thailand) *
Khanom sot sai ''Khanom sot sai'' ( th, ขนมสอดไส้, ), also known as ''khanom sai sai'' (, ), is a Thai dessert with a sweet filling. It is made up of coconut and palm sugar, and the filling is covered with steamed rice flour mixed with coco ...
(Thailand) * ''Bubur sumsum'' (Indonesia) * '' Bubur ketan hitam'' (Indonesia), black
glutinous rice Glutinous rice (''Oryza sativa var. glutinosa''; also called sticky rice, sweet rice or waxy rice) is a type of rice grown mainly in Southeast and East Asia, and the northeastern regions of South Asia, which has opaque grains, very low amylose ...
porridge * '' Maja blanca'' ( Philippines), milk-and-rice pudding * '' Tsamporado'' (Philippines) chocolate rice pudding * ''Pulut hitam'' (Malaysia/Singapore) similar to ''ketan hitam'', its Indonesian counterpart * ''
Tibuktíbuk ''Tibok-tibok'' (Pampangan: ''tibuktíbuk'') or carabao-milk pudding is a Pampangan dessert pudding made primarily from carabao milk and ground soaked glutinous rice (''galapong''). Originating in the Philippine province of Pampanga, it is esp ...
'' (Philippines),
Pampangan The Kapampangan people ( pam, Taung Kapampangan), Pampangueños or Pampangos, are the sixth largest ethnolinguistic group in the Philippines, numbering about 2,784,526 in 2010. They live mainly in the provinces of Pampanga, Bataan and Tarlac, as ...
milk-and-rice pudding


Central and South Asia

* ''
Dudhapak Doodhpak is an Indian sweet, a kind of rice pudding made from milk, sugar, rice, saffron and nuts, accompanied by pooris. The milk is slow-boiled to thickened and sweetened and the dish is garnished with chopped dry fruits/nuts. Doodhpak originat ...
'' (Indian (Gujarati)) with slow-boiled milk, sugar, basmati rice, nuts, and saffron * ''
Firni Kheer, also known as payasam, is a sweet dish and a type of wet pudding popular in the Indian subcontinent, usually made by boiling milk, sugar or jaggery, and rice, although rice may be substituted with one of the following: daals, bulgur w ...
'' (Iranian/Tajik/Afghan/Indian/Pakistani/Bangladeshi) with broken rice, cardamom and pistachio, reduced to a paste, and served cold * '' Kheer'' (Indian Subcontinent) with slow-boiled milk * '' Payasam'' (South Indian) with slow-boiled milk, sugar/jaggery, and nuts * '' Paayesh'' (Bengali) with grounded basmati or parboiled rice, milk, suger/jaggery, cardamom and pistachio; can be served either hot or cold * ''
Kiribath Kiribath ( si, කිරිබත්) is a traditional Sri Lankan dish made from rice. It is prepared by cooking rice with coconut milk, hence this name, and can be considered a form of rice cake or rice pudding. Kiribath is an essential dish i ...
'', a traditional dish made from coconut milk and rice in Sri Lankan cuisine.


Europe


Britain and Ireland

In the United Kingdom and Ireland, rice pudding is a traditional dessert typically made with high-starch short-grained rice sold as "pudding rice". The earliest rice pudding recipes were called ''whitepot'' and date from the Tudor period. Rice pudding is traditionally made with pudding rice, milk, cream and sugar and is sometimes flavoured with vanilla, nutmeg, jam and/or cinnamon. It can be made in two ways: in a saucepan or by baking in the oven. In a saucepan, it is made by gently simmering the milk and rice until tender, and then the sugar is carefully mixed in. Finally, the cream is mixed in, and it can either be left to cool and be served at room temperature, or it can be heated and served hot. It should have a very creamy consistency. When made in the oven, the pudding rice is placed into a baking dish, and the milk, cream and sugar are mixed in. The dish is then placed in the oven and baked at a low temperature for a few hours, until the rice is tender and the pudding has a creamy consistency. While cooking, the pudding may develop a thick crust, which adds an interesting texture to the pudding. It is traditional to sprinkle the top with finely grated nutmeg before baking. Using evaporated milk (9% milk fat), instead of whole milk, enriches the result and intensifies the caramelised flavour. An alternative recipe frequently used in the
north of England Northern England, also known as the North of England, the North Country, or simply the North, is the northern area of England. It broadly corresponds to the former borders of Angle Northumbria, the Anglo-Scandinavian Kingdom of Jorvik, and the ...
uses butter instead of cream, adds a small pinch of salt, and requires the pudding mixture to stand for an hour or so prior to being cooked. Such puddings tend to set firmly when cooled, enabling slices to be cut and eaten like cake. If eaten hot, the pudding is traditionally served with cream poured on top in wealthy households, and with full fat milk where cream was not available. A spoonful of sweet jam or conserve is also a very popular topping for the pudding.
Clotted cream Clotted cream ( kw, dehen molys, sometimes called scalded, clouted, Devonshire or Cornish cream) is a thick cream made by heating full-cream cow's milk using steam or a water bath and then leaving it in shallow pans to cool slowly. During this t ...
is often used in the
Westcountry The West Country (occasionally Westcountry) is a loosely defined area of South West England, usually taken to include all, some, or parts of the counties of Cornwall, Devon, Dorset, Somerset, Bristol, and, less commonly, Wiltshire, Gloucesters ...
. A specific type of rice is available and widely used for rice pudding called "pudding rice". Similar to Arborio rice, its grain is round and short, and when cooked produces a creamier consistency than savoury rice. However, other short grained rice can be used as a substitute. Ready-made, pre-cooked rice pudding sold in tin cans or pots is very widely available in most
supermarket A supermarket is a self-service Retail#Types of outlets, shop offering a wide variety of food, Drink, beverages and Household goods, household products, organized into sections. This kind of store is larger and has a wider selection than earli ...
s and shops. Because it is canned, it has a very long shelf life. A popular brand is
Ambrosia In the ancient Greek myths, ''ambrosia'' (, grc, ἀμβροσία 'immortality'), the food or drink of the Greek gods, is often depicted as conferring longevity or immortality upon whoever consumed it. It was brought to the gods in Olympus ...
. Some brands are made with skimmed (fat free) milk.


European dishes similar to rice pudding

* ''Arroz con leche'' (Spanish) with milk, sugar, cinnamon, lemon zest (whole or grated), sometimes eggs * ''Arroz doce'' (Portuguese) with sugar, milk, egg yolks, cinnamon sticks and ground cinnamon, lemon peel, vanilla and a pinch of nutmeg can be added. The consistency should be thick, soft and held together. It is traditional to create a decorative pattern with ground cinnamon using only the finger tips. * ''Arroz-esne'' (Basque) with sugar and milk; sometimes with cinnamon * ''Budino di riso'' (Italian) with milk, eggs, raisins and orange peel * ''Grjónagrautur'' (Icelandic), everyday meal, served with cinnamon, sugar and raisins. * ''Milchreis'' (German) with rice, milk, sugar, cinnamon, apple sauce, rote Grütze or cherries * ''Mlečni riž'' or ''Rižev puding'' (Slovene) * ''Mliečna ryža'' (Slovak) * ''Молочна рисова каша'' ("Molochna risova kasha") (Ukrainian), also can appear as кутя ('' Kutia'') for Christmas (served with dried fruits and nuts) * ''Orez cu lapte'' (Romanian) with milk and cinnamon * ''Riisipuuro'' (Finnish), served at Christmas time, often with cinnamon and sugar or prune
kissel Kissel or kisel ( et, kissell, fi, kiisseli, Livonian: ''kīsõl'', ltg, keiseļs, lv, ķīselis, lt, kisielius, pl, kisiel, rus, кисель, r=kiselʼ, uk, кисiль, , , ) is a cold-solidified dish with the consistency of a thick ge ...
; additionally used as a filling for the traditional
Karelian pasty Karelian pasties, Karelian pies or Karelian pirogs ( krl, kalittoja, singular ''kalitta''; Olonets Karelian: ''šipainiekku''; fi, karjalanpiirakat, singular ''karjalanpiirakka''; russian: карельский пирожок ''karelskiy pirozhok ...
* ''Rijstebrij'' (Dutch) or ''Rijstpap'' (Flemish) * ''Risengrød'' (Danish), served with butter, sugar and cinnamon or dark fruit juice at the Christmas table and for dinner during the winter months * ''Risengrynsgrøt/Risgrøt/Riskrem'' (Norwegian), served with butter, sugar and cinnamon and especially popular at Christmas, usually eaten on 23 December in a celebration called "Lillejulaften" (English: "Little Christmas Eve") * ''Risgrynsgröt'' (Swedish), served with sugar and cinnamon and milk or fruit juice sauce, at the Christmas table and for breakfast and dinner during the winter months, especially during Christmas time * ''Riža na mlijeku'' (Croatian) * ''Riz au lait'' or the moulded '' Riz à l'impératrice'' (French) * Ρυζόγαλο (''rizogalo'', Greek) stovetop or baked, with milk, sugar, vanilla and cinnamon. * ''Ryż na mleku'' (Polish) * ''Sutlija'' (Bosnian) * ''Sylt(i)jash'' or ''Qumësht me oriz'' (Albanian) * Сутлијач or Благ ориз ("Sutliyach", "Blag oriz")(Macedonian), also Лапа (''lapa'', ) with black poppy seeds * Сутлијаш / ''Sutlijaš'' (Serbian) * Мляко с ориз (''mliako s oriz'') or Сутляш (in certain regions) (Bulgarian) with milk and cinnamon * ''Tameloriz'' (Kosovan Albanian) * ''Tejberizs'' and ''Rizsfelfújt'' (Hungarian) often with raisins or golden raisins, cinnamon and/or cocoa powder; sometimes with almonds (mandula) or walnuts (dió), for dessert or breakfast * ''
Teurgoule Teurgoule is a rice pudding that is a speciality of Normandy. Traditionally it was popular at village festivals in Lower Normandy, and today remains a family dish. It consists of rice cooked in milk, sweetened with sugar, and is flavoured with ci ...
'' (Normandy) * Рисовая каша (''Risovaya kasha'') (Russian), usually eaten for breakfast, sweetened with sugar and served with a knob of butter


Nordic countries

In the
Nordic countries The Nordic countries (also known as the Nordics or ''Norden''; literal translation, lit. 'the North') are a geographical and cultural region in Northern Europe and the Atlantic Ocean, North Atlantic. It includes the sovereign states of Denmar ...
, rice porridge is a common breakfast and sometimes lunch. It is made as a warm dish from rice cooked in milk. When served, it is commonly sprinkled with cinnamon, sugar (or syrup) and a small knob of butter, and served with milk or fruit juice. In Iceland, it is sometimes served with cold ''
slátur Slátur (, "slaughter") is an Icelandic food made from the innards of sheep. There are two types of slátur; ''blóðmör'' (Icelandic) or "blood pudding" and ''lifrarpylsa'' ("liver sausage"). The first is similar to Irish and British black pudd ...
'', a type of liver sausage. In different languages it is called (Danish), (Norwegian), (Swedish), (Finnish), ''grjónagrautur'' , or (Icelandic), and (Faroese). The rice porridge dinner is used as a basis for rice cream dessert. There are many different variants of this dessert but the basis is the same: cold rice porridge (the dinner variant) is mixed with whipped cream and sweetened. In Sweden, it is sometimes mixed with oranges and is then called ''apelsinris''. ''
Risalamande Risalamande (also spelled as ''ris à l'amande'') is a traditional Denmark, Danish dessert served at Christmas dinner and julefrokost (Christmas lunch). It is made of rice pudding mixed with whipped cream, sugar, vanilla, and chopped almonds. It ...
'' (Danish, after French ', rice with almonds) is cold risengrød with whipped cream, vanilla, and chopped
almond The almond (''Prunus amygdalus'', syn. ''Prunus dulcis'') is a species of tree native to Iran and surrounding countries, including the Levant. The almond is also the name of the edible and widely cultivated seed of this tree. Within the genus ...
, often served with hot or chilled cherry (or strawberry) sauce. In Norway, the dessert is called ''riskrem'' and sometimes served with red sauce (usually made from strawberries or raspberries). Rice cream dessert is called in Sweden, while what is referred to as ' is made with eggs instead of cream. In Scandinavia, rice pudding has long been a part of Christmas tradition, in some countries referred to as ''julegröt/julegrøt/julegrød/joulupuuro'' (Yule porridge) or ''tomtegröt/nissegrød''. The latter name is due to the old tradition of sharing the meal with the guardian of the homestead, called ''tomte'' or nisse (see also blót). In Finland the Christmas rice porridge is sometimes eaten with a
kissel Kissel or kisel ( et, kissell, fi, kiisseli, Livonian: ''kīsõl'', ltg, keiseļs, lv, ķīselis, lt, kisielius, pl, kisiel, rus, кисель, r=kiselʼ, uk, кисiль, , , ) is a cold-solidified dish with the consistency of a thick ge ...
or compote made of dried prunes. A particular Christmas tradition that is often associated with eating rice pudding or porridge is hiding a whole almond in the porridge. In Sweden and Finland, popular belief has it that the one who eats the almond will be in luck the following year. In Norway, Denmark, Iceland and the Faroe Islands, the one who finds it will get the
almond present An almond present ( da, mandelgave, nb, mandelgave, nn, mandelgåve, is, möndlugjöf, sv, mandelgåva) is a small present traditionally given in some Nordic countries to the person who gets the whole almond put in the rice pudding served for ...
as a prize. In Denmark and the Faroe Islands, the almond tradition is usually done with risalamande served as dessert at Julefrokost (Christmas lunch) or on Christmas Eve. In Norway, it is commonly served as lunch or early dinner on Christmas Eve or the day before, ''lillejulaften'' ("Little Eve"). In Sweden and Finland, it is more commonly done with a rice porridge dinner, sometimes a few days before Christmas Eve.


Canada and the United States

In Canada and the United States, most recipes come from European immigrants. In the latter half of the 20th century, South Asian, Middle Eastern and Latin American recipes have also become more common. In New England, a popular pudding is made with long grain rice, milk, sugar, or in Vermont,
maple syrup Maple syrup is a syrup made from the sap of maple trees. In cold climates, these trees store starch in their trunks and roots before winter; the starch is then converted to sugar that rises in the sap in late winter and early spring. Maple tree ...
. This may be combined with nutmeg, cinnamon, and/or raisins. The pudding is usually partially cooked on top of the stove in a double boiler, and then "finished" in an oven.


Latin America and the Caribbean

* Arroz con dulce ( Puerto Rican) with pearl rice, coconut cream, milk, butter, spices, ginger, raisins, rum, and sugar. Pureed squash, sweet plantain, sweet potato, or ripe breadfruit can also be added, resulting in a dessert also known as cazuela. Pistachios and cream cheese are popular additions, as is piña colada rice pudding, which replaces the raisins, spices and ginger with pineapple and lime peel. * Arroz con leche ( Dominican Republic) made with milk, cinnamon, raisins, sugar, and lemon zest. * Arroz con leche made to Spanish recipes; popular flavourings include
anise seed Anise (; '), also called aniseed or rarely anix is a flowering plant in the family Apiaceae native to Eurasia. The flavor and aroma of its seeds have similarities with some other spices and herbs, such as star anise, fennel, licorice, and ta ...
,
star anise ''Illicium verum'' is a medium-sized evergreen tree native to northeast Vietnam and southwest China. A spice commonly called star anise, staranise, star anise seed, star aniseed, star of anise, Chinese star anise, or badian that closely resembl ...
, and raisins ( Nicaragua,
El Salvador El Salvador (; , meaning " The Saviour"), officially the Republic of El Salvador ( es, República de El Salvador), is a country in Central America. It is bordered on the northeast by Honduras, on the northwest by Guatemala, and on the south b ...
,
Costa Rica Costa Rica (, ; ; literally "Rich Coast"), officially the Republic of Costa Rica ( es, República de Costa Rica), is a country in the Central American region of North America, bordered by Nicaragua to the north, the Caribbean Sea to the no ...
). cinnamon, or cajeta or dulce de leche (
Bolivia , image_flag = Bandera de Bolivia (Estado).svg , flag_alt = Horizontal tricolor (red, yellow, and green from top to bottom) with the coat of arms of Bolivia in the center , flag_alt2 = 7 × 7 square p ...
, Paraguay, Chile, Uruguay, Venezuela, Cuba, Panama) or dulce de leche with
cinnamon Cinnamon is a spice obtained from the inner bark of several tree species from the genus ''Cinnamomum''. Cinnamon is used mainly as an aromatic condiment and flavouring additive in a wide variety of cuisines, sweet and savoury dishes, breakfa ...
( Argentina) In Argentina, The Arroz con leche was brought by the Spanish in Colonial Times and it is popular since then with many variants, not only with dulce de leche and/or cinnamon, but it can be served with almonds, fruits, cold or hot, with lemon zest, with chocolate or cocoa, cream, or just alone, without cinnamon, lemon zest, neither dulce de leche nor chocolate. * Arroz con leche (
Mexican Mexican may refer to: Mexico and its culture *Being related to, from, or connected to the country of Mexico, in North America ** People *** Mexicans, inhabitants of the country Mexico and their descendants *** Mexica, ancient indigenous people ...
) with milk, cinnamon, sugar, egg yolk, vanilla, orange peel, raisins (soaked in sherry, rum or tequila); chocolate, butter, nutmeg, or lime zest may also be added. * Arroz en leche (
Guatemala Guatemala ( ; ), officially the Republic of Guatemala ( es, República de Guatemala, links=no), is a country in Central America. It is bordered to the north and west by Mexico; to the northeast by Belize and the Caribbean; to the east by H ...
) with milk, cinnamon, sugar, and vanilla; raisins may also be added. * Rice pudding ( Jamaican) with milk, egg yolk,
allspice Allspice, also known as Jamaica pepper, myrtle pepper, pimenta, or pimento, is the dried unripe berry (botany), berry of ''Pimenta dioica'', a Canopy (forest), midcanopy tree native to the Greater Antilles, southern Mexico, and Central America, ...
, sugar, raisins (soaked in rum), vanilla, butter, sometimes crushed meringue, toasted coconut flakes, cornstarch, and crushed pineapple can be added. * Arroz con leche (
Colombia Colombia (, ; ), officially the Republic of Colombia, is a country in South America with insular regions in North America—near Nicaragua's Caribbean coast—as well as in the Pacific Ocean. The Colombian mainland is bordered by the Car ...
n) with milk, cream, sugar, coffee, raisins (soaked in rum or
red wine Red wine is a type of wine made from dark-colored grape varieties. The color of the wine can range from intense violet, typical of young wines, through to brick red for mature wines and brown for older red wines. The juice from most purple grap ...
), butter, vanilla, cinnamon, and cloves. * Arroz con leche ( Peruvian) with milk, sugar, orange peel, raisins, cloves, sweetened condensed milk, cinnamon, and vanilla and sometimes shredded coconut and (more rarely)
brazil nut The Brazil nut (''Bertholletia excelsa'') is a South American tree in the family Lecythidaceae, and it is also the name of the tree's commercially harvested edible seeds. It is one of the largest and longest-lived trees in the Amazon rainforest. ...
s can be added. It is commonly consumed with mazamorra morada (purple corn pudding). When served with it is known as "clasico". * Morocho ( Ecuador) * Sweet rice ( Trinidadian and Guyanese) with coconut milk, nutmeg, cinnamon, raisins, vanilla, and
angostura bitter Angostura bitters () is a concentrated bitters (herbal alcoholic preparation) based on gentian, herbs, and spices, by House of Angostura in Trinidad and Tobago. It is typically used for flavouring beverages or, less often, food. The bitters wer ...
. * Arroz-doce or Arroz de leite ( Brazilian) with milk, coconut milk (sometimes), sugar, condensed milk and cinnamon. * Arroz con leche ( Venezuela) with milk, coconut, sugar, condensed milk and cinnamon. * Du riz au lait (
Haiti Haiti (; ht, Ayiti ; French: ), officially the Republic of Haiti (); ) and formerly known as Hayti, is a country located on the island of Hispaniola in the Greater Antilles archipelago of the Caribbean Sea, east of Cuba and Jamaica, and ...
) made with milk, condensed milk, cinnamon, vanilla, sugar, and raisins.


In popular culture

Buddhist scriptures state that Gautama Buddha's final meal before his
enlightenment Enlightenment or enlighten may refer to: Age of Enlightenment * Age of Enlightenment, period in Western intellectual history from the late 17th to late 18th century, centered in France but also encompassing (alphabetically by country or culture): ...
was a large bowl of rice pudding, prepared for him by a girl named Sujata. Rice pudding is mentioned frequently in literature of the Victorian and Edwardian eras, typically in the context of a cheap, plain, familiar food, often served to children or invalids, and often rendered boring by too-frequent inclusion in menus. In
Edward Bulwer-Lytton Edward George Earle Lytton Bulwer-Lytton, 1st Baron Lytton, PC (25 May 180318 January 1873) was an English writer and politician. He served as a Whig member of Parliament from 1831 to 1841 and a Conservative from 1851 to 1866. He was Secret ...
's ''Kenelm Chillingly'', a would-be host reassures a prospective guest: "Don't fear that you shall have only mutton-chops and a rice-pudding". In Henry James' ''
A Passionate Pilgrim ''A Passionate Pilgrim'' is a novella by Henry James, first published in ''The Atlantic Monthly'' in 1871. The story was the earliest fiction that James included in the '' New York Edition'' (1907–09) of his works. Set in England, the tale show ...
'', the narrator laments: "having dreamed of lamb and
spinach Spinach (''Spinacia oleracea'') is a leafy green flowering plant native to central and western Asia. It is of the order Caryophyllales, family Amaranthaceae, subfamily Chenopodioideae. Its leaves are a common edible vegetable consumed either f ...
and a salade de saison, I sat down in penitence to a mutton-chop and a rice pudding". Charles Dickens relates an incident of shabby treatment in ''A Schoolboy's Story:'' "it was imposing on Old Cheeseman to give him nothing but boiled mutton through a whole Vacation, but that was just like the system. When they didn't give him boiled mutton, they gave him rice pudding, pretending it was a treat. And saved the butcher." In
Jane Austen Jane Austen (; 16 December 1775 – 18 July 1817) was an English novelist known primarily for her six major novels, which interpret, critique, and comment upon the British landed gentry at the end of the 18th century. Austen's plots of ...
's ''
Emma Emma may refer to: * Emma (given name) Film * Emma (1932 film), ''Emma'' (1932 film), a comedy-drama film by Clarence Brown * Emma (1996 theatrical film), ''Emma'' (1996 theatrical film), a film starring Gwyneth Paltrow * Emma (1996 TV film), '' ...
'', reference to the combination of mutton and rice pudding is once again made – "his two eldest boys, whose healthy, glowing faces shewed all the benefit of a country run, and seemed to ensure a quick despatch of the roast mutton and rice pudding they were hastening home for". ''Rice Pudding'' is the title and subject of a poem by A. A. Milne, in which the narrator professes puzzlement as to what is the matter with Mary Jane, who is "crying with all her might and main/And she won't eat her dinner—rice pudding again—/What is the matter with Mary Jane?"
T.S. Eliot Thomas Stearns Eliot (26 September 18884 January 1965) was a poet, essayist, publisher, playwright, literary critic and editor.Bush, Ronald. "T. S. Eliot's Life and Career", in John A Garraty and Mark C. Carnes (eds), ''American National B ...
, in the poem " Bustopher Jones: The Cat About Town", writes: "If he looks full of gloom/Then he's lunched at The Tomb/On cabbage, rice pudding, and mutton."


See also

* Amazake *
Congee Congee or conjee ( ) is a type of rice porridge or gruel eaten in Asian countries. It can be eaten plain, where it is typically served with side dishes, or it can be served with ingredients such as meat, fish, seasonings and flavourings, most o ...
*
Hasty pudding Hasty pudding is a pudding or porridge of grains cooked in milk or water. In the United States, it often refers specifically to a version made primarily with ground ("Indian") corn, and it is mentioned in the lyrics of "Yankee Doodle", a tradit ...
* Sago pudding *
Semolina pudding Semolina pudding or semolina porridge is a porridge-type pudding made from semolina, which is cooked with milk, or a mixture of milk and water, or just water. It is often served with sugar, cocoa powder, cinnamon, raisins, fruit, or syrup. A ...
*
Tapioca pudding Tapioca pudding (similar to sago pudding) is a sweet pudding made with tapioca and either milk or cream. Coconut milk is also used in cases in which the flavor is preferred or in areas in which it is a commonplace ingredient for cooking. It is ...


Notes


References

* * *


External links


History of Puddings
@ The Food Timeline
Rice pudding
@ Foodlocate
Arroz con leche rice pudding
@ Quiero Postre {{DEFAULTSORT:Rice Pudding Christmas food Desserts Glutinous rice dishes Porridges World cuisine