Ronald Turner (3 August 1922 – 19 December 1998) was a

British British may refer to: Peoples, culture, and language * British people, nationals or natives of the United Kingdom, British Overseas Territories, and Crown Dependencies. ** Britishness, the British identity and common culture * British English, ...

illustrator and

comic book artist A cartoonist is a visual artist who specializes in both drawing and writing cartoons (individual images) or comics (sequential images). Cartoonists differ from comics writers or comic book illustrators in that they produce both the literary and ...

Early life and career

Turner was born in

Norwich Norwich () is a cathedral city and district of Norfolk, England, of which it is the county town. Norwich is by the River Wensum, about north-east of London, north of Ipswich and east of Peterborough. As the seat of the See of Norwich, with ...

, England. He became interested in

science fiction Science fiction (sometimes shortened to Sci-Fi or SF) is a genre of speculative fiction which typically deals with imaginative and futuristic concepts such as advanced science and technology, space exploration, time travel, parallel unive ...

at an early age, with numerous works across several media: the novels of

H. G. Wells Herbert George Wells"Wells, H. G."
Revised 18 May 2015. ''

Edgar Rice Burroughs Edgar Rice Burroughs (September 1, 1875 – March 19, 1950) was an American author, best known for his prolific output in the adventure, science fiction, and fantasy genres. Best-known for creating the characters Tarzan and John Carter, he ...

, and

Jules Verne Jules Gabriel Verne (;''Longman Pronunciation Dictionary''. ; 8 February 1828 – 24 March 1905) was a French novelist, poet, and playwright. His collaboration with the publisher Pierre-Jules Hetzel led to the creation of the ''Voyages extraor ...

; films and film serials such as ''

Metropolis A metropolis () is a large city or conurbation which is a significant economic, political, and cultural center for a country or region, and an important hub for regional or international connections, commerce, and communications. A big c ...

'', '' Things to Come'', and ''

Flash Gordon Flash Gordon is the protagonist of a space adventure comic strip created and originally drawn by Alex Raymond. First published January 7, 1934, the strip was inspired by, and created to compete with, the already established ''Buck Rogers'' adve ...

''; and

Alex Raymond Alexander Gillespie Raymond Jr. (October 2, 1909 – September 6, 1956) was an American cartoonist who was best known for creating the '' Flash Gordon'' comic strip for King Features Syndicate in 1934. The strip was subsequently adapted into m ...

's comic strips. He developed a keen interest in American science-fiction

pulp magazines Pulp magazines (also referred to as "the pulps") were inexpensive fiction magazines that were published from 1896 to the late 1950s. The term "pulp" derives from the cheap wood pulp paper on which the magazines were printed. In contrast, magazine ...

, such as ''

Amazing Stories ''Amazing Stories'' is an American science fiction magazine launched in April 1926 by Hugo Gernsback's Experimenter Publishing. It was the first magazine devoted solely to science fiction. Science fiction stories had made regular appearances i ...

'' and ''

Astounding Stories ''Analog Science Fiction and Fact'' is an American science fiction magazine published under various titles since 1930. Originally titled ''Astounding Stories of Super-Science'', the first issue was dated January 1930, published by William Cl ...

'' (now known as '' Analog Science Fiction''), and first started to develop his talent by attempting to copy the often spectacular cover illustrations. In 1936, at the age of 14, Turner first got work as an apprentice in Odhams, a London art studio and publishing house. By 1938, Turner was providing illustrations for the British magazine '' Modern Wonder''. In 1940, Turner's professional art career was interrupted by the

Second World War World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposin ...

, and he was drafted into the

British Army The British Army is the principal land warfare force of the United Kingdom, a part of the British Armed Forces along with the Royal Navy and the Royal Air Force. , the British Army comprises 79,380 regular full-time personnel, 4,090 Gurk ...

. He returned to professional illustration in the late 1940s, finding a job drawing comic strips for Scion's ''Big'' series, which were mostly centred around the crew of the ''Atomic Mole'': a subterranean craft, that explored the theoretical " habitable spaces" beneath the Earth's crust. Odhams eventually began publishing a line of paperback fiction, for which Turner drew numerous covers, notably the '' Vargo Statten'' series by

John Russell Fearn John Russell Fearn (1908–1960) was a British writer, one of the first to appear in American pulp magazine, pulp science fiction magazines. A prolific author, he published his novels also as Vargo Statten and with various pseudonyms including T ...

. Turner's art raised his profile to the extent that other publishers started to send him assignments. In 1953, Turner left Odhams to try his hand at freelancing and attempt to produce a regular comic strip in the style of British cartoonist

Frank Hampson Frank Hampson (21 December 1918 – 8 July 1985) was a British illustrator. He is best known as the creator and artist of Dan Dare and other characters in the boys' comic, the ''Eagle'', to which he contributed from 1950 to 1961. Biogra ...

, whose work he admired.

Solo comics work

In 1953, Turner spoke to the publisher of '' Tit-Bits Science Fiction Novels'' (for which he was providing cover illustration) about the possibility of producing his own comic series. The publisher agreed, and began '' Tit-Bits Science Fiction Comics'', a 64-page monthly comic book written, drawn and lettered by Turner. It quickly became apparent that the workload was too onerous for one man, and Turner brought in other artists in order to meet his deadlines. Publication was discontinued after seven issues. Around the time of the demise of ''Tit-Bits Comics'', Turner began to write, draw and letter the "Space Ace" strip for the '' Lone Star'' comic, which required only four pages per month. In 1954, he also started drawing for

Amalgamated Press The Amalgamated Press (AP) was a British newspaper and magazine publishing company founded by journalist and entrepreneur Alfred Harmsworth (1865–1922) in 1901, gathering his many publishing ventures together under one banner. At one point the ...

's '' Super-Detective Library'' comic, which had recently started running a science-fiction strip titled " Rick Random: Space Detective". Editor Ted Holmes commissioned Turner to provide art for the strip, leaving the chores of script-writing, lettering and cover illustration to others. Turner worked on "Rick Random" for the next five years.

1960s

As the vogue for pulp science fiction dwindled, Turner found work doing cover illustrations again for numerous publications, such as the popular science journal ''

Practical Mechanics ''Practical Mechanics'' was a monthly British magazine devoted mostly to home mechanics and technology. It was first published by George Newnes, Ltd., in October 1933, and ran for 352 issues until the magazine's termination in August 1963. ''P ...

''. By the mid-1960s, Turner had mostly abandoned the world of monthly publishing, and was producing original

paint-by-number Paint by number or painting by numbers are kits having a board on which light markings to indicate areas to paint, and each area has a number and a corresponding numbered paint to use. The kits come with little compartmentalised boxes where the ...

paintings for the company Craftmaster. In 1965, Turner was offered the opportunity to draw his first colour comic strip, based on the

Gerry Anderson Gerald Alexander Anderson (; 14 April 1929 – 26 December 2012) was an English television and film producer, director, writer and occasional voice artist. He remains famous for his futuristic television programmes, especially his 1960s produ ...

TV series ''

Stingray Stingrays are a group of sea rays, which are cartilaginous fish related to sharks. They are classified in the suborder Myliobatoidei of the order Myliobatiformes and consist of eight families: Hexatrygonidae (sixgill stingray), Plesiobatidae ( ...

'', for ''TV Century 21 Stingray Extra'' (a holiday special issue of the weekly comic ''

TV Century 21 ''TV Century 21'', later renamed ''TV21'', ''TV21 and Tornado'', ''TV21 and Joe 90'', and ''TV21'' again, was a weekly British children's comic published by City Magazines during the latter half of the 1960s. Originally produced in partnership ...

''). The following year, Turner began contributing to ''TV Century 21'' on a regular basis with his first continuing colour comic strip, "

The Daleks ''The Daleks'' (also known as ''The Mutants'' and ''The Dead Planet'') is the second serial in the British science fiction television series '' Doctor Who'', which was first broadcast on BBC TV in seven weekly parts from 21 December 1963 to ...

", featuring the mechanical villains from the TV series ''

Doctor Who ''Doctor Who'' is a British science fiction television series broadcast by the BBC since 1963. The series depicts the adventures of a Time Lord called the Doctor, an extraterrestrial being who appears to be human. The Doctor explores the u ...

''.''

'' was copyrighted to the

BBC #REDIRECT BBC #REDIRECT BBC Here i going to introduce about the best teacher of my life b BALAJI sir. He is the precious gift that I got befor 2yrs . How has helped and thought all the concept and made my success in the 10th board exam. ...

...

, while the Daleks were the intellectual property of

Terry Nation Terence Joseph Nation (8 August 19309 March 1997) was a British screenwriter and novelist. Especially known for his work in British television science fiction, he created the Daleks and Davros for ''Doctor Who'', as well as the series '' Survivo ...

. Turner replaced the strip's previous artist Richard Jennings, initially for issues 50 and 51 (January 1966) and then on a regular basis from issue 59 (March 1966). He continued to illustrate ''The Daleks'' until its conclusion in issue 104 (January 1967). Between 1965 and 1969, Turner also contributed strips based on the various Anderson series to a number of ''TV Century 21'' holiday specials and the publisher's hardback annual books, illustrating further ''Stingray'' strips in addition to ones based on ''

Fireball XL5 ''Fireball XL5'' is a 1960s British children's science-fiction puppet television series about the missions of ''Fireball XL5'', a vessel of the World Space Patrol that polices the cosmos in the year 2062. Commanded by Colonel Steve Zodiac, ''XL5' ...

'', '' Thunderbirds'', ''

Captain Scarlet and the Mysterons ''Captain Scarlet and the Mysterons'', often shortened to ''Captain Scarlet'', is a British science fiction television series created by Gerry and Sylvia Anderson and filmed by their production company Century 21 Productions for distributor I ...

'' and ''

Joe 90 ''Joe 90'' is a 1968–1969 British Science fiction on television, science-fiction television series created by Gerry Anderson, Gerry and Sylvia Anderson and filmed by their production company, AP Films#Century 21, Century 21, for ITC Enterta ...

''. He illustrated all 80 pages of the ''Joe 90 Puzzle Book'' and the same number for the ''Joe 90 Dot to Dot Book'' (both Century 21 Publishing, 1968) as well as providing strips based on the series ''

The Champions ''The Champions'' is a British espionage thriller/science fiction/occult detective fiction adventure television series. It was produced by Lew Grade's ITC Entertainment production company, and consists of 30 episodes broadcast in the UK on ITV ...

'', ''

Star Trek ''Star Trek'' is an American science fiction media franchise created by Gene Roddenberry, which began with the eponymous 1960s television series and quickly became a worldwide pop-culture phenomenon. The franchise has expanded into vari ...

'' and ''

Land of the Giants ''Land of the Giants'' is a one-hour American science fiction television series that aired on ABC for two seasons, beginning on September 22, 1968 and ending on March 22, 1970. The show was created and produced by Irwin Allen. ''Land of the Gia ...

'' for the ''Joe 90 Top Secret Annual'' (1969). In addition, he again found work with Amalgamated Press (now called

Fleetway Fleetway Publications was a magazine publishing company based in London. It was founded in 1959 when the Mirror Group acquired the Amalgamated Press, then based at Fleetway House, Farringdon Street, London. It was one of the companies that merg ...

), taking over the black-and-white "Robot Builders" strip from Carlos Cruz for Fleetway's '' Tiger and Hurricane'' comic magazine.

1970s

In the 1970s, Turner began working for

IPC Media TI Media (formerly International Publishing Company, IPC Magazines Ltd, IPC Media and Time Inc. UK) was a consumer magazine and digital publisher in the United Kingdom, with a portfolio selling over 350 million copies each year. Most of its tit ...

(which had absorbed

), drawing strips for the ''

Whizzer and Chips ''Whizzer and Chips'' was a British comics magazine that ran from 18 October 1969 to 27 October 1990, when it merged with the comic '' Buster''. As with most comics of the time, ''Whizzer and Chips'' was dated one week ahead of the day it actu ...

'' comic, such as "Wonder-car", "Archie's Angels" and "Danny Drew's Dialling Man", which were generally aimed at the young adult market. As well as contributing a regular ''

'' strip to

's '' TV21'', he also continued his association with Gerry Anderson with '' Thunderbirds'' strips for the 1972 ''Thunderbirds Annual'' and the 1973 ''Countdown Annual''. In the late 1970s, Turner drew a number of "

Judge Dredd Judge Joseph Dredd is a fictional character created by writer John Wagner and artist Carlos Ezquerra. He first appeared in the second issue of ''2000 AD (comics), 2000 AD'' (1977), which is a British weekly anthology Comic book, comic. He is the ...

" comic strips for '' 2000 A.D.'', including several episodes in the first multi-part story

The Robot Wars Judge Joseph Dredd is a fictional character created by writer John Wagner and artist Carlos Ezquerra. He first appeared in the second issue of '' 2000 AD'' (1977), which is a British weekly anthology comic. He is the magazine's longest-running c ...

although his style did not gain the favour of his editors, and the long-term assignment eventually fell to other artists. Instead, Turner found regular work on the re-launched version of IPC's formerly violent comic ''

Action Action may refer to: * Action (narrative), a literary mode * Action fiction, a type of genre fiction * Action game, a genre of video game Film * Action film, a genre of film * ''Action'' (1921 film), a film by John Ford * ''Action'' (1980 fil ...

'' with "The Spinball Slaves"—a sequel to the science-fiction sport strip "Death Game 1999" (influenced by the 1975 film '' Rollerball'') and its less violent sequel "Spinball". When ''Action'' merged with IPC's war comic ''

Battle Picture Weekly ''Battle Picture Weekly'', at various times also known as ''Battle Action'', ''Battle Action Force'', ''Battle'' and ''Battle with Storm Force'', was a British war comic book magazine published by IPC Magazines from (issues dates) 8 March 1975 ...

'' to become '' Battle Action'', Turner contributed a further "Spinball" sequel strip entitled " The Spinball Wars". He also worked on a revival of " Rick Random" also for ''2000 A.D.''.

1980s

Turner continued to work for '' Battle Action'' under its new title ''

Battle Action Force ''Battle Picture Weekly'', at various times also known as ''Battle Action'', ''Battle Action Force'', ''Battle'' and ''Battle with Storm Force'', was a British war comic book magazine published by IPC Magazines from (issues dates) 8 March 1975 ...

'', drawing many of the "

Action Force Action Force is a brand of European action figures released in the 1980s that was based on the ''Action Man'' toyline. It was also used to introduce '' G.I. Joe: A Real American Hero'' toys to European markets. Several publishing companies have ...

" strips, which featured Action Man characters licensed from

Mattel Mattel, Inc. ( ) is an American multinational toy manufacturing and entertainment company founded in January 1945 and headquartered in El Segundo, California. The company has presence in 35 countries and territories and sells products in more ...

. He also began drawing a strip called "Journey to the Stars" for the new

weekly comic ''

Speed In everyday use and in kinematics, the speed (commonly referred to as ''v'') of an object is the magnitude of the change of its position over time or the magnitude of the change of its position per unit of time; it is thus a scalar quanti ...

'', although publication ceased shortly afterwards. Turner found work with other IPC comics such as ''

War War is an intense armed conflict between states, governments, societies, or paramilitary groups such as mercenaries, insurgents, and militias. It is generally characterized by extreme violence, destruction, and mortality, using regular o ...

'' and '' Battle Picture Library'', but the shrinking comics market in 1980s Britain soon caused these publications to fold in 1984. At this time, Turner announced his retirement, although not long afterwards he was found drawing strips for an independent small press, including " Nick Hazard" and " Kalgan the Golden".

1990s and death

By this point, Turner had started regularly providing book cover illustrations once again, on this occasion for Gryphon Books. He also painted a new six-part "

Dalek The Daleks ( ) are a fictional extraterrestrial race of mutants principally portrayed in the British science fiction television programme ''Doctor Who''. They were conceived by writer Terry Nation and first appeared in the 1963 ''Doctor Who'' ...

s" strip for ''

Doctor Who Magazine ''Doctor Who Magazine'' (abbreviated as ''DWM'') is a magazine devoted to the long-running British science fiction television series ''Doctor Who''. Launched in 1979 as ''Doctor Who Weekly'', the magazine became a monthly publication the followi ...

''. Turner died of a

stroke A stroke is a medical condition in which poor blood flow to the brain causes cell death. There are two main types of stroke: ischemic, due to lack of blood flow, and hemorrhagic, due to bleeding. Both cause parts of the brain to stop functionin ...

and a

heart attack A myocardial infarction (MI), commonly known as a heart attack, occurs when blood flow decreases or stops to the coronary artery of the heart, causing damage to the heart muscle. The most common symptom is chest pain or discomfort which may tr ...

in 1998. His artwork has continued to appear posthumously on books published by Gryphon Books and

Wildside Press Wildside Press is an independent publishing company in Cabin John, Maryland, United States. It was founded in 1989 by John Betancourt and Kim Betancourt. While the press was originally conceived as a publisher of speculative fiction in both trade ...

, drawing on many previously unpublished pieces as well as re-printing his earlier book cover illustrations.

Bibliography

Books

The following books are entirely or substantially illustrated by Turner: * ''Into Space with Ace Brave! Space-Master'' (Birn Brothers Ltd., 1953) (pop-up book) * ''Joe 90 Puzzle Book'' (Century 21 Publishing, 1968) (written, devised and illustrated by Turner) * ''Joe 90 Dot to Dot Book'' (Century 21 Publishing, 1968) (written, devised and illustrated by Turner) * ''Rick Random: Space Detective'' (656 pages, Prion Books, 2008, ) (all bar one story illustrated by Turner)

Comic strips

Comics work includes: *'' The Amstor Computer'' ** "854391 – A Modern Christmas..." (wr: Roy Preston, in ''

Eagle Eagle is the common name for many large birds of prey of the family Accipitridae. Eagles belong to several groups of genera, some of which are closely related. Most of the 68 species of eagle are from Eurasia and Africa. Outside this area, just ...

'' #92, 1983) *''

'' ** "Assassination of the Director of Economic Affairs" (in ''Captain Scarlet Annual'', September 1967) ** Untitled Story (in ''TV Century 21 Annual'', September 1968) ** "Target London" (in ''Captain Scarlet Annual'', September 1968) ** "Destroy San Francisco" (in ''TV21 Annual'', September 1969) ** "Lost in Time" (in ''TV21 Annual'', September 1969) *''

'' ** "Error of Judgement" (in ''Joe 90 Top Secret Annual'', September 1969) *''

'' ** "The Eve of the War", parts 4 and 5 (wr: David Whitaker, in ''TV Century 21'' #50–51, January 1966) ** "The Rogue Planet" (wr: David Whitaker, in ''TV Century 21'' #59–62, March 1966) ** "Impasse" (wr: David Whitaker, in ''TV Century 21'' #63–69, April–May 1966) ** "The Terrorkon Harvest" (wr: David Whitaker, in ''TV Century 21'' #70–75, May–June 1966) ** "Legacy of Yesteryear" (wr: David Whitaker, in ''TV Century 21'' #76–85, July–September 1966) ** "Shadow of Humanity" (wr: David Whitaker, in ''TV Century 21'' #86–89, September 1966) ** "The Emissaries of Jevo" (wr: David Whitaker, in ''TV Century 21'' #90–95, October–November 1966) ** "Road to Conflict" (wr: David Whitaker, in ''TV Century 21'' #96–104, November 1966 – January 1967) ** "Return of the Elders" (wr: John Lawrence, in ''Doctor Who Magazine'' #249–254, February–July 1997) *''

'' ** "The Drifting Coffin" (in ''Fireball XL5 Annual'' , September 1966) *''

'' ** "Deadly Toy" (in ''Joe 90 Annual'', September 1968) ** "Rat Trap" (in ''Joe 90 Annual'', September 1968) ** "Ambush" (in ''Joe 90 Annual'', September 1968) ** "Doctor Fawkes" (in ''Joe 90 Annual'', September 1968) ** "Check Mate" (in ''Joe 90 Annual'', September 1968) ** "Break-Down" (in ''Joe 90 Annual'', September 1969) ** "The Deadly Swarm" (in ''Joe 90 Annual'', September 1969) *''

'' ** "Robots" (wr:

John Wagner John Wagner (born 1949) is an American-born British comics writer. Alongside Pat Mills, he helped revitalise British comics in the 1970s, and continues to be active in the British comics industry, occasionally also working in American comics. ...

, in ''2000 A.D.'' #9, April 1977) ** " Robot Wars", parts 2, 4 and 7 (wr: John Wagner, in ''2000 A.D.'' #11, 13 and 16, May–June 1977) ** "The Solar Sniper" (wr:

Gerry Finley-Day Gerry Finley-Day (born 1947, Broughty Ferry, Dundee) is a Scottish comics writer, prolific from the 1960s to the 1980s, best known as the creator of "Rogue Trooper". Career He began his career at D.C. Thomson & Co., before becoming the edito ...

, in ''2000 A.D.'' #21, July 1977) *''

'' ** Untitled Story (in ''Joe 90 Top Secret Annual'', September 1969) *'' Rick Random'' ** "Kidnappers from Space" (in ''Super-Detective Library'' #44, December 1954) ** "The Case of the Man Who Owned the Moon" (in ''Super-Detective Library'' #49, March 1955) ** "The Five Lives of Mr. Quex" (in ''Super-Detective Library'' #64, September 1955) ** "The Gold Rush Planet" (in ''Super-Detective Library'' #66, October 1955) ** "The Mystery of the Moving Planet" (in ''Super-Detective Library'' #70, December 1955) ** "The Planet of Lost Men" (in ''Super-Detective Library'' #79, June 1956) ** "Invaders from the Ocean Planet" (in ''Super-Detective Library'' #83, July 1956) ** "Manhunt Through Space" (in ''Super-Detective Library'' #90, October 1956) ** "The Mystery of the Time Travellers" (in ''Super-Detective Library'' #97, February 1957) ** "The Riddle of the Vanishing People" (in ''Super-Detective Library'' #101, April 1957) ** "Sabotage from Space" (in ''Super-Detective Library'' #111, September 1957) ** "The S.O.S. from Space" (wr: Harry Harrison, in ''Super-Detective Library'' #115, November 1957) ** "The Planet of Terror" (wr: Bob Kesten, in ''Super-Detective Library'' #123, March 1958) ** "The Space Pirates" (wr: Harry Harrison, in ''Super-Detective Library'' #127, May 1958) ** "Perilous Mission" (wr: Harry Harrison, in ''Super-Detective Library'' #129, June 1958) ** "The Mystery of the Frozen World" (wr: Bob Kesten, ''Super-Detective Library'' #133, August 1958) ** "The Mystery of the Robot World" (wr: Conrad Frost and Barry Coker, in ''Super-Detective Library'' #137, October 1958) ** "The Terror from Space" (wr: Harry Harrison, in ''Super-Detective Library'' #143, January 1959) ** "The Threat from Space" (wr: Bob Kesten, in ''Super-Detective Library'' #153, June 1959) ** "The Kidnapped Planet" (wr: Bob Kesten, in ''Super-Detective Library'' #163, December 1959) ** "The Riddle of the Astral Assassin!" (wr: Steve Moore, in ''2000 A.D. and Star Lord'' #113–117, May–June 1979) *''

'' ** Untitled Story (in ''Joe 90 Top Secret Annual'', September 1969) ** Untitled Story (in ''TV21'' #58–61, October 1970) *'

' ** "Double Trap" (in ''TV Century 21 Stingray Extra'', May 1965) ** Untitled Story (in ''TV Century 21 International Extra'', October 1965) ** "The Collector" (in ''Stingray Annual'', September 1966) ** "The Sunken City" (in ''Stingray Annual'', September 1966) ** "Death Ray" (in ''Stingray Annual'', September 1966) *''

Tharg's Future Shocks ''Tharg's Future Shocks'' is a long-running series of short strips in the British weekly comic '' 2000 AD'' in 1977. The name originates from the fictional editor of 2000 AD and the book titled ''Future Shock'', written by Alvin Toffler, publi ...

'' ** "Just Like Home" (wr: Peter Harris, in ''2000 A.D.'' #29, September 1977) ** "Beautiful World" (in ''2000 A.D.'' #30, September 1977) *' Thunderbirds' ** Untitled Story (in ''Thunderbirds Extra'', March 1966) ** "The Hood Makes a Strike" (in ''Thunderbirds Annual'', September 1966) ** Untitled Story (in ''Thunderbirds TV Century 21 Spring Extra'', March 1967) ** "Volcano Alert" (in ''TV Century 21 Annual'', September 1967) ** "Bridge of Fear" (in ''Thunderbirds Annual'', September 1967) ** "Day Return from Death" (in ''Thunderbirds Annual'', September 1968) ** "Curse of the Elastos" (in ''Thunderbirds Annual'', September 1968) ** "Fire Lords" (in ''Captain Scarlet and Thunderbirds Annual'', September 1969) ** "Crash Down" (in ''Captain Scarlet and Thunderbirds Annual'', September 1969) ** "Invisible Invader" (in ''Thunderbirds Annual 1972'', September 1971) ** "The Law Breakers" (in ''Thunderbirds Annual 1972'', September 1971) ** "The Collector" (in ''Countdown Annual 1973'', September 1972) *''

Zero-X ''Zero-X'' (spelling variants include "''Zero X''" or "''ZeroX''") is a fictional Earth spacecraft that first appeared in two of Gerry and Sylvia Anderson's Supermarionation productions, the 1966 film '' Thunderbirds Are Go'' and the 1967 te ...

'' ** "Conflict on Mars" (in ''TV Century 21 Annual'', September 1967) ** "Brink of Disaster" (in ''TV Century 21 Annual'', September 1968) ** "Break Out" (in ''TV21 Annual'', September 1969)

Cover art (books)

The following books all feature cover illustrations by Turner: *''Operation Venus'' by

(Scion, 1950) *''Annihilation!'' by Vargo Statten (John Russell Fearn) (Scion, 1950) *''The Micro Men'' by Vargo Statten (John Russell Fearn) (Scion, 1950) *''Wanderer of Space'' by Vargo Statten (John Russell Fearn) (Scion, 1950) *''2,000 Years On!'' by Vargo Statten (John Russell Fearn) (Scion, 1950) *''Inferno!'' by Vargo Statten (John Russell Fearn) (Scion, 1950) *''The Cosmic Flame'' by Vargo Statten (John Russell Fearn) (Scion, 1950) *''Nebula X'' by Vargo Statten (John Russell Fearn) (Scion, 1950) *''The Sun Makers'' by Vargo Statten (John Russell Fearn) (Scion, 1950) *''The Avenging Martian'' by Vargo Statten (John Russell Fearn) (Scion, 1951) *''Deadline to Pluto'' by Vargo Statten (John Russell Fearn) (Scion, 1951) *''The Petrified Planet'' by Vargo Statten (John Russell Fearn) (Scion, 1951) *''The Devouring Fire'' by Vargo Statten (John Russell Fearn) (Scion, 1951) *''The Renegade Star'' by Vargo Statten (John Russell Fearn) (Scion, 1951) *''The New Satellite'' by Vargo Statten (John Russell Fearn) (Scion, 1951) *''The Catalyst'' by Vargo Statten (John Russell Fearn) (Scion, 1951) *''Anjani the Mighty'' by Earl Titan (John Russell Fearn) (Scion, 1951) *''The Gold of Akada'' by Earl Titan (John Russell Fearn) (Scion, 1951) *''The Caves of Death'' by Victor Norwood (Scion, 1951) *''The Skull of Kanaima'' by Victor Norwood (Scion, 1951) *''The Temple of the Dead'' by Victor Norwood (Scion, 1951) *''Spawn of Space'' by Franz Harkon (Scion, 1951) *''Destination Mars'' by George Sheldon Brown (Dennis Hughes) (Edwin Self, 1951) *''The Inner Cosmos'' by Vargo Statten (John Russell Fearn) (Scion, 1952) *''The Space Warp'' by Vargo Statten (John Russell Fearn) (Scion, 1952) *''The Eclipse Express'' by Vargo Statten (John Russell Fearn) (Scion, 1952) *''The Time Bridge'' by Vargo Statten (John Russell Fearn) (Scion, 1952) *''The Man from Tomorrow'' by Vargo Statten (John Russell Fearn) (Scion, 1952) *''The G-Bomb'' by Vargo Statten (John Russell Fearn) (Scion, 1952) *''Laughter in Space'' by Vargo Statten (John Russell Fearn) (Scion, 1952) *''Tremor'' by Frank Lederman (Kaye Publications, 1952) *''Two Days of Terror'' by Roy Sheldon (H.J. Campbell) (Panther, 1952) *''Ultra Spectrum'' by Vargo Statten (John Russell Fearn) (Scion, 1953) *''Zero Hour'' by Vargo Statten (John Russell Fearn) (Scion, 1953) *''The Black Avengers'' by Vargo Statten (John Russell Fearn) (Scion, 1953) *''Odyssey of Nine'' by Vargo Statten (John Russell Fearn) (Scion, 1953) *''Pioneer, 1990'' by Vargo Statten (John Russell Fearn) (Scion, 1953) *''Man of Two Worlds'' by Vargo Statten (John Russell Fearn) (Scion, 1953) *''The Lie Destroyer'' by Vargo Statten (John Russell Fearn) (Scion, 1953) *''Black Bargain'' by Vargo Statten (John Russell Fearn) (Scion, 1953) *''Moons for Sale'' by Volsted Gridban (John Russell Fearn) (Scion, 1953) *''The Dyno-Depressant'' by Volsted Gridban (John Russell Fearn) (Scion, 1953) *''Magnetic Brain'' by Volsted Gridban (John Russell Fearn) (Scion, 1953) *''Scourge of the Atom'' by Volsted Gridban (John Russell Fearn) (Scion, 1953) *''Exit Life'' by Volsted Gridban (John Russell Fearn) (Scion, 1953) *''The Master Must Die'' by Volsted Gridban (John Russell Fearn) (Scion, 1953) *''Conquerors of Venus'' by Edgar Rees Kennedy (John W. Jennison) (Edwin Self, 1953) *''Cosmic Exodus'' by Conrad G. Holt (John Russell Fearn) (Tit-Bits Science-Fiction Library, 1953) *''The Hell Fruit'' by Lawrence F. Rose (John Russell Fearn) (Tit-Bits Science-Fiction Library, 1953) *''Doomed Nation of the Skies'' by Steve Future (Steve Gilroy) (Tit-Bits Science-Fiction Library, 1953) *''The Star Seekers'' by Francis G. Rayer (Tit-Bits Science-Fiction Library, 1953) *''Sinister Forces'' by Alvin Westwood ( Brown Watson Ltd.,1953) *''Planetoid Disposals Ltd.'' by Volsted Gridban ( E.C. Tubb) (Milestone, 1953) *''Fugitive of Time'' by Volsted Gridban (E.C. Tubb) (Milestone, 1953) *''The Wall'' by Charles Grey (E.C. Tubb) (Milestone, 1953) *''Dynasty of Doom'' by Charles Grey (E.C. Tubb) (Milestone, 1953) *''Tormented City'' by Charles Grey (E.C. Tubb) (Milestone, 1953) *''Space Hunger'' by Charles Grey (E.C. Tubb) (Milestone, 1953) *''I Fight for Mars'' by Charles Grey (E.C. Tubb) (Milestone, 1953) *''The Great Ones'' by Jon J. Deegan (Robert Sharp) (Panther, 1953) *''Vanguard to Neptune'' by J.M. Walsh (Cherry Tree Fantasy Books, 1953) *''Zhorani (Master of the Universe)'' by Karl Maras (H.K. Bulmer) (Comyns, 1953) *''The Grand Illusion'' by Vargo Statten (John Russell Fearn) (Scion, 1954) *''Wealth of the Void'' by Vargo Statten (John Russell Fearn) (Scion, 1954) *''A Time Appointed'' by Vargo Statten (John Russell Fearn) (Scion, 1954) *''I Spy'' by Vargo Statten (John Russell Fearn) (Scion, 1954) *''1,000 Year Voyage'' by Vargo Statten (John Russell Fearn) (Scion, 1954) *''The Purple Wizard'' by Volsted Gridban (John Russell Fearn) (Scion, 1954) *''Frozen Limit'' by Volsted Gridban (John Russell Fearn) (Scion, 1954) *''I Came – I Saw – I Wondered'' by Volsted Gridban (John Russell Fearn) (Scion, 1954) *''The Genial Dinosaur'' by Volsted Gridban (John Russell Fearn) (Scion, 1954) *''The Lonely Astronomer'' by Volsted Gridban (John Russell Fearn) (Scion, 1954) *''The Plant from Infinity'' by Karl Maras (Peter Hawkins) (Paladin Press, 1954) *''Alien Life'' by E.C. Tubb (Paladin Press, 1954) *''The Living World'' by Carl Maddox (E.C. Tubb) (Scion, 1954) *''The Extra Man'' by Charles Grey (E.C. Tubb) (Milestone, 1954) *''Menace from the Past'' by Carl Maddox (E.C. Tubb) (Scion, 1954) *''City of No Return'' by E.C. Tubb (Scion, 1954) *''Hell Planet'' by E.C. Tubb (Scion, 1954) over art reused from ''City of No Return'' (1954)*''The Resurrected Man'' by E.C. Tubb (Scion, 1954) *''The Hand of Havoc'' by Charles Grey (E.C. Tubb) (Merit Books, 1954) *''Enterprise 2115'' by Charles Grey (E.C. Tubb) (Merit Books, 1954) *''Before the Beginning'' by Marx Reisen (Tit-Bits Science-Fiction Library, 1954) *''Home is the Martian'' by Philip Kent (H.K. Bulmer) (Tit-Bits Science-Fiction Library, 1954) *''Mission to the Stars'' by Philip Kent (H.K. Bulmer) (Tit-Bits Science-Fiction Library, 1954) *''Slaves of the Spectrum'' by Philip Kent (H.K. Bulmer) (Tit-Bits Science-Fiction Library, 1954) *''Vassals of Venus'' by Philip Kent (H.K. Bulmer) (Tit-Bits Science-Fiction Library, 1954) *''The Dissentizens'' by Bruno G. Condray (Leslie Humphreys) (Tit-Bits Science-Fiction Library, 1954) *''Jupiter Equilateral'' by John Rackham (John T. Phillifent) (Tit-Bits Science-Fiction Library, 1954) *''The Master Weed'' by John Rackham (John T. Phillifent) (Tit-Bits Science-Fiction Library, 1954) *''Space Puppet'' by John Rackham (John T. Phillifent) (Tit-Bits Science-Fiction Library, 1954) *''Slave Traders of the Sky'' by Steve Future (Steve Gilroy) (Tit-Bits Science-Fiction Library, 1953) *''Voyage into Space'' by Earl Van Loden (Lisle Willis) (Edwin Self, 1954) *''The Yellow Planet'' by George Sheldon Brown (John W. Jennison) (Edwin Self, 1954) *''Alien Virus'' by John Rackham (John T. Phillifent) (Tit-Bits Science-Fiction Library, 1955) *''Dimension of Illion'' by Irving Heine (Dennis Hughes) (Tit-Bits Science-Fiction Library, 1955) *''Exile from Jupiter'' by Bruno G. Condray (Leslie Humphreys) (Tit-Bits Science-Fiction Library, 1955) *''Deep Freeze'' by Jonathan Burke (Panther, 1955) *''One Against Time'' by Hank Janson (Stephen Frances) (Moring, 1956) ackground art only*''The Unseen Assassin'' by Hank Janson (Stephen Frances) (Moring, 1956) ackground art only*''A Mirror of Witchcraft'' by Christina Hole (Pedigree Books, 1957) *''The Satanic Mass'' by H.T.F. Rhodes (Pedigree Books, 1957) *''Pandora’s Box'' by E.C. Tubb (Gryphon Books, 1996) *''The Golden Amazon'' by John Russell Fearn (Gryphon Books, 1996) *''Temple of Death'' by E.C. Tubb (Gryphon Books, 1996) *''Saturn Patrol'' by E.C. Tubb (Gryphon Books, 1996) *''Kalgan the Golden'' by E.C. Tubb (Gryphon Books, 1996) *''Assignment New York'' by E.C. Tubb (Gryphon Books, 1996) *''Aftermath'' by John Russell Fearn (Gryphon Books, 1996) *''The Golden Amazon Returns'' by John Russell Fearn (Gryphon Books, 1996) *''The Golden Amazon's Triumph'' by John Russell Fearn (Gryphon Books, 1996) *''Get Me Headquarters'' by Stephen Frances (Gryphon Books, 1996) *''Hell Hath No Fury'' by Sydney J. Bounds (Gryphon Books, 1996) *''She Wanted a Guy'' by Norman Lazenby (Gryphon Books, 1996) *''You Take the Rap'' by John Russell Fearn (Gryphon Books, 1996) *''Fantasy Annual 1'', ed. Philip Harbottle and

Sean Wallace Sean Wallace (born January 1, 1976) is an American science fiction, fantasy, and horror anthologist, editor, and publisher best known for founding the publishing house Prime Books and for co-editing three magazines, ''Clarkesworld Magazine'', ''T ...

(Cosmos Books, 1997) *''The Return'' by E.C. Tubb (Gryphon Books, 1997) *''Murder in Space'' by E.C. Tubb (Gryphon Books, 1997) *''The Golden Amazon's Diamond Quest'' by John Russell Fearn (Gryphon Books, 1997) *''Murder Wears a Halo'' by

Howard Browne Howard Browne (April 15, 1908 – October 28, 1999) was an American science fiction editor and mystery writer. He also wrote for several television series and films. Some of his work appeared over the pseudonyms John Evans, Alexander Blade ...

(Gryphon Books, 1997) *''Kidnapped!'' by Maurice Hershman (Gryphon Books, 1997) *''Kill and Desire'' by Stephen Frances (Gryphon Books, 1997) *''Mitzi'' by

Michael Avallone Michael Angelo Avallone (October 27, 1924 – February 26, 1999) was an American author of mystery, secret agent fiction, and novelizations of television and films. His lifetime output was over 223 works (although he boasted over 1,000), publishe ...

(Gryphon Books, 1997) *''I Fight for Mars'' by E.C. Tubb (Gryphon Books, 1998) *''Alien Life'' by E.C. Tubb (Gryphon Books, 1998) *''The Tall Adventurer: The Works of E.C. Tubb'' by Sean Wallace and Philip Harbottle (Beccon, 1998) *''The Gold of Akada'' by John Russell Fearn (Gryphon Books, 1998) *''The Amazon Strikes Again'' by John Russell Fearn (Gryphon Books, 1998) *''The Fortress of Utopia'' by

Jack Williamson John Stewart Williamson (April 29, 1908 – November 10, 2006), who wrote as Jack Williamson, was an American list of science fiction authors, science fiction writer, often called the "Dean of Science Fiction". He is also credited with one of t ...

(Gryphon Books, 1998) *''Twin of the Amazon'' by John Russell Fearn (Gryphon Books, 1998) *''Conquest of the Amazon'' by John Russell Fearn (Gryphon Books, 1998) *''Anjani the Mighty'' by John Russell Fearn (Gryphon Books, 1998) *''If You Have Tears'' by Howard Browne (Gryphon Books, 1998) *''The Whispering Gorilla'' by Don Wilcox (Gryphon Books, 1998) *''Fantasy Annual 2'', ed. Philip Harbottle and Sean Wallace (Cosmos Books, 1998) *''Earth Set Free'' by E.C. Tubb (Gryphon Books, 1999) *''The Wall'' by E.C. Tubb (Gryphon Books, 1999) *''The Stellar Legion'' by E.C. Tubb (Gryphon Books, 1999) *''The Ruler of Fate & Xandulu'' by Jack Williamson (Gryphon Books, 1999) *''The Slitherers'' by John Russell Fearn (Gryphon Books, 1999) *''The Iron God / Tomorrow'' by Jack Williamson / E.C. Tubb (Gryphon Books, 1999) *''Lord of Atlantis'' by John Russell Fearn (Gryphon Books, 1999) *''Triangle of Power'' by John Russell Fearn (Gryphon Books, 1999) *''The Stone from the Green Star'' by Jack Williamson (Gryphon Books, 1999) *''Gryphon SF and Fantasy Reader 1'', ed. Philip Harbottle (Gryphon Books, 1999) *''Fantasy Annual 3'', ed. Philip Harbottle and Sean Wallace (Cosmos Books, 1999) *''Death God’s Doom'' by E.C. Tubb (Cosmos Books, 1999) *''The Sleeping City'' by E.C. Tubb (Cosmos Books, 1999) over art reused from ''A Mirror of Witchcraft'' (1957)*''Manton's World'' by John Russell Fearn (Cosmos Books, 1999) *''Alien Worlds'' by E.C. Tubb (Pulp Publishing, 1999) *''The Amythyst City'' by John Russell Fearn (Gryphon Books, 2000) *''Daughter of the Golden Amazon'' by John Russell Fearn (Gryphon Books, 2000) *''Blue Spot & Entropy Reversed'' by Jack Williamson (Gryphon Books, 2000) *''Invader on My Back'' by Philip E. High (Cosmos Books, 2000) *''These Savage Futurians'' by Philip E. High (Cosmos Books, 2000) *''The Extra Man'' by E.C. Tubb (Wildside Press, 2000) over art reused from ''The Plant from Infinity'' (1954)*''Fantasy Annual 4'', ed. Philip Harbottle and Sean Wallace (Wildside Press, 2000) *''The Central Intelligence'' by John Russell Fearn (Gryphon Books, 2001) *''Fantasy Quarterly 1'', ed. Philip Harbottle (Wildside Press, 2001) *''The Best of John Russell Fearn, Vol. 1'' by John Russell Fearn (Wildside Press, 2001) *''The Best of John Russell Fearn, Vol. 2'' by John Russell Fearn (Wildside Press, 2001) *''The Cosmic Crusaders'' by John Russell Fearn (Gryphon Books, 2002) *''Parasite Planet'' by John Russell Fearn (Gryphon Books, 2002) *''The Genial Dinosaur'' by John Russell Fearn (Gryphon Books, 2002) *''A Thing of the Past'' by John Russell Fearn (Gryphon Books, 2002) *''The Space-Born'' by E.C. Tubb (Wildside Press, 2002) over art reused from ''1,000 Year Voyage'' (1954)*''The Best of Philip E. High'' by Philip E. High (Wildside Press, 2002) *''Fantasy Adventures 1'', ed. Philip Harbottle (Wildside Press, 2002) *''World Out of Step'' by John Russell Fearn (Gryphon Books, 2003) *''The Shadow People'' by John Russell Fearn (Gryphon Books, 2003) *''Fantasy Adventures 2'', ed. Philip Harbottle (Wildside Press, 2003) *''Fantasy Adventures 3'', ed. Philip Harbottle (Wildside Press, 2003) *''Fantasy Adventures 4'', ed. Philip Harbottle (Wildside Press, 2003) *''The Best of Sydney J. Bounds'' by Sydney J. Bounds (Wildside Press, 2003) *''The Best of Sydney J. Bounds, Vol. 2'' by Sydney J. Bounds (Wildside Press, 2003) *''Stardeath'' by E.C. Tubb (Wildside Press, 2003) over art reused from ''Dynasty of Doom'' (1953)*''Liquid Death and Other Stories'' by John Russell Fearn (Wildside Press, 2003) *''Voice of the Conqueror'' by John Russell Fearn (Wildside Press, 2003) *''The Intelligence Gigantic'' by John Russell Fearn (Wildside Press, 2003) *''Liners of Time'' by John Russell Fearn (Wildside Press, 2003) *''The Butterfly Planet'' by Philip E. High (Wildside Press, 2003) *''Fantasy Annual 5'', ed. Philip Harbottle and Sean Wallace (Cosmos Books, 2003) *''Dark Centauri'' by

John Glasby John Stephen Glasby (23 September 1928 – 5 June 2011) was a British author born in East Retford in Nottinghamshire whose work spanned a range of popular genres. A professional research chemist and mathematician,Robert M. Price, "About ''The ...

(Gryphon Books, 2004) *''Dwellers in Darkness'' by John Russell Fearn (Gryphon Books, 2004) *''Kingpin Planet'' by John Russell Fearn (Gryphon Books, 2004) *''World in Reverse'' by John Russell Fearn (Gryphon Books, 2004) *''A Step to the Stars'' by Philip E. High (Cosmos Books, 2004) *''Fantasy Adventures 5'', ed. Philip Harbottle (Wildside Press, 2005) *''Fantasy Adventures 6'', ed. Philip Harbottle (Wildside Press, 2005) *''Fantasy Adventures 7'', ed. Philip Harbottle (Wildside Press, 2005) *''Fantasy Adventures 8'', ed. Philip Harbottle (Wildside Press, 2005) *''Fantasy Adventures 11'', ed. Philip Harbottle (Wildside Press, 2006) *''Fantasy Adventures 13'', ed. Philip Harbottle (Wildside Press, 2008)

Cover art (magazines)

The following magazines all feature cover illustrations by Turner: *''Tales of Tomorrow'', #3, 4 (John Spencer and Co. 1951, 1952) *''Futuristic Science Stories'', #7 (John Spencer and Co. 1952) *''Wonders of the Spaceways'', #3 (John Spencer and Co. 1952) *''Worlds of Fantasy'', #7 (John Spencer and Co. 1952) *''Out of this World'', #2 (John Spencer and Co. 1954) *''Vargo Statten Science Fiction Magazine'', #1, ed. Vargo Statten (John Russell Fearn) (Scion, 1954) *''Vargo Statten British Science Fiction Magazine'', #5, ed. Vargo Statten (John Russell Fearn) (Scion, 1954) *''Planet X-1: The New World'' (Tit-Bits Science-Fiction Comics, 1954) *''Captain Diamond and the Space Pirates'' (Tit-Bits Science-Fiction Comics, 1954) *''The Scourge of the Carbon Belt'' (Tit-Bits Science-Fiction Comics, 1954) *''The Terror of Titan'' (Tit-Bits Science-Fiction Comics, 1954) *''

'', March 1954 (George Newnes, Ltd, 1954) *''British Science Fiction Magazine'', #10–19, ed. Vargo Statten (John Russell Fearn) (Dragon, 1955) *''Supernatural Stories'', #6 (Badger, 1955) *''Super Detective Library'', #53: ''The Case of the Space Bubble'' (Amalgamated Press, 1955) *''Practical Mechanics'', September 1955 (George Newnes, Ltd, 1955) *''Practical Mechanics'', November 1955 (George Newnes, Ltd, 1955) *''Practical Mechanics'', April 1957 (George Newnes, Ltd, 1957) *''Practical Mechanics'', December 1957 (George Newnes, Ltd, 1957) *''Practical Mechanics'', April 1958 (George Newnes, Ltd, 1958) *''Super Detective Library'', #153: ''Rick Random and the Threat from Space'' (Amalgamated Press, 1959) *''Practical Mechanics'', April–July 1961 (George Newnes, Ltd, 1961) *''Practical Mechanics'', September 1961 – August 1962 (George Newnes, Ltd, 1961/62) *'' The Dalek Chronicles'' (Marvel Comics UK, 1994)

References

;Other sources
Ron Turner
at 2000 AD online

at British Comics Art

at

Lambiek Galerie Lambiek is a Dutch comic book store and art gallery in Amsterdam, founded on November 8, 1968 by Kees Kousemaker (, – Bussum, ), though since 2007, his son Boris Kousemaker is the current owner. From 1968 to 2015, it was located ...

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External links

*
Ron Turner cover collection
at

Flickr.com Flickr ( ; ) is an American image hosting and video hosting service, as well as an online community, founded in Canada and headquartered in the United States. It was created by Ludicorp in 2004 and was a popular way for amateur and professional ...

* * {{DEFAULTSORT:Turner, Ron 1922 births 1998 deaths 20th-century British artists 20th-century British writers British comic strip cartoonists British comics artists British comics writers British Army personnel of World War II Fleetway and IPC Comics creators Place of death missing British speculative fiction artists