Richard Dacres (Royal Navy Officer)

Sir Richard Dacres (September 1761 – 22 January 1837) was an officer of the British Royal Navy who saw service during the American War of Independence, and the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars. A member of a substantial naval dynasty, he eventually rose to the rank of vice admiral.

Family and early life

Richard Dacres was born in September 1761, the fifth son of Richard and Mary Dacres, and younger brother to James Richard Dacres.Tracy (2006), p. 109 The Dacres would eventually become a substantial naval dynasty; James Richard rose to be a vice-admiral, his son Barrington became a post-captain, and James became a vice-admiral. Richard's own son Sydney would eventually be an admiral, and First Sea Lord.

American war

Dacres himself entered the navy in 1775 to serve aboard the 50-gun fourth rate under Captain Francis Banks. He was present at the evacuation of Boston, the capture of New York —serving under Sir Peter Parker— the occupation of Aquidneck Island, and in various other services. He remained aboard ''Renown'' until 1778, when he returned to England and joined the frigate ''Apollo'', under Captain Philemon Pownall, and was present at the capture of the French frigate on 31 January 1779.Marshall (1824), pp. 29–32

Dacres then served aboard , flagship of Sir Charles Hardy, Commander-in Chief of the Channel Fleet. Hardy promoted Dacres to lieutenant into the frigate , under Captain the Honourable William Finch, with whom he sailed to the West Indies in early 1780. On 10/11 October 1780 ''Amazon'' narrowly escaped destruction during a violent hurricane, having to cut down her masts and throw her guns and anchors overboard to prevent the ship from capsizing. Twenty of her crew were drowned or badly hurt.

He then served as first lieutenant of the 74-gun , Captain Charles Thompson. He was present with Rear-Admiral Thomas Graves's fleet at the Battle of the Chesapeake in 1781, Rear-Admiral Samuel Hood's fleet at the Battle of St. Kitts in 1782 and Admiral George Brydges Rodney's fleet at the Battle of the Saintes in 1782.

Dacres remained in ''Alcide'' till 1783, when he was appointed to , Captain Herbert Sawyer, guard ship at Portsmouth, remaining in her for two years, before following Commodore Sawyer into his flagship, the 50-gun , on the North American Station, until paid off in September 1788. During the Spanish Armament of 1790, Dacres was first appointed to the 64-gun , then to , flagship of now Rear Admiral Sawyer. After the crisis was resolved peacefully, Dacres returned to half-pay until the outbreak of the war with Revolutionary France in February 1793.

War with France

He was initially given command of the hired armed brig ''Union''; before being appointed first lieutenant of the 74-gun , under the command of Captain John Colpoys. With ''Hannibal'' Dacres became part of the squadron despatched under Admiral Alan Gardner to the reinforce the British possessions in the West Indies.

''Hannibal'' was put out of commission in early 1794, and he was appointed first lieutenant of the frigate , commanded by Captain W. Sidney Smith, but remained there only a short time before moving to the 90-gun second rate , serving under his old commander, now Rear-Admiral John Colpoys. Dacres was promoted to commander on 10 March 1795 into the 14-gun sloop . While captain of ''Childers'' Dacres captured the French Coast guard cutter ''Vigilante'', of six guns, in the Bay of Saint Brieux. On 31 October he was appointed post captain on the 20-gun , which formed part of Richard Strachan's squadron in the English Channel.Winfield (2008), p. 226

In early 1797, Dacres took command of the frigate . He managed to slip away from the mutiny at the Nore, and then escorted a fleet of valuable merchant ships to the Baltic. He captured numerous French and Dutch privateers over the next two years. ''Astrea'' was paid off in 1799, and Dacres was again unemployed until early 1801, when he was appointed to command of the 80-gun , accompanying Sir Robert Calder in his voyage to the Caribbean, following Ganteaume's escape from Brest. On his return to England, he was appointed to the 68-gun , guard ship at Spithead, remaining there until the cessation of hostilities in early 1802. He then sailed to Jamaica in with the squadron under Sir George Campbell, but ill-health soon forced him to return home. On the renewal of the war in 1803, Dacres was appointed to command of the Sea Fencibles at Dartmouth.

In 1806 Sir W. Sidney Smith specifically requested Dacres join him in the Mediterranean as his flag captain aboard the 80-gun . In this role Dacres went on to see service in the amphibious operations at Calabria, leading to the Battle of Maida, and later Admiral John Thomas Duckworth's failed Dardanelles Operation and the Alexandria expedition in February 1807.Allen (1852), p. 192 Dacres then returned to England after ''Pompee''s recall, arriving in June 1807. He was then ordered to take the ''Pompee'' to join Vice-Admiral Henry Stanhope's squadron for service in the second expedition to Copenhagen. He was involved in the subsequent Battle of Copenhagen, where he and the navy provided support for the besieging forces.

Later life

Dacres returned from the campaign, which proved to be his last command at sea. On 2 February 1808 he was appointed the first governor of the Royal Naval Asylum after its move to Greenwich, serving there until August 1816. He was promoted to rear-admiral on 29 March 1817Tracy (2006), p. 110 on the Retired List, and a vice-admiral on 22 July 1830. He was nominated a Knight Grand Cross of the Royal Guelphic Order on 25 January 1836, and died at Balibroke Villas, near Bath, Somerset on 22 January 1837 at the age of 75.Tracy (2006), p. 110

Family and personal life

In 1788 he married Martha Phillips Milligan, by whom he had at least four children; his son Richard James Dacres (1799–1886) joined the army and rose to be a field marshal,Dod (1860), p. 202 while Sydney Colpoys Dacres (1805–1884), went on to be an admiral and First Naval Lord.Burke (1841), p. 139 His eldest daughter Martha married Rear Admiral Sir William Fairbrother Carrol in 1813,O'Byrne (1849), p. 173 while the younger, Mary, married Lieutenant Colonel Henry Stephen Olivier in 1823.Pine (1972), p. 210

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{{DEFAULTSORT:Dacres, Richard
1761 births
1837 deaths
Royal Navy vice admirals
Royal Navy personnel of the American Revolutionary War
Royal Navy personnel of the French Revolutionary Wars
Royal Navy personnel of the Napoleonic Wars