''Rhaponticum'' is a genus of flowering plants in the tribe Cardueae within the family Asteraceae.Tropicos, Rhaponticum Vaill.
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Description

''Rhaponticum'' species are perennial herbaceous plants with simple, rarely branched

stem Stem or STEM may refer to: Plant structures * Plant stem, a plant's aboveground axis, made of vascular tissue, off which leaves and flowers hang * Stipe (botany), a stalk to support some other structure * Stipe (mycology), the stem of a mushro ...

s. The leaves are simple to pinnatifid. The inflorescence is on the apex of the stem. The fruit is an

achene An achene (; ), also sometimes called akene and occasionally achenium or achenocarp, is a type of simple dry fruit produced by many species of flowering plants. Achenes are monocarpellate (formed from one carpel) and indehiscent (they do not ope ...

with a hairy pappus.''Rhaponticum''.
Flora of China.

Systematics

Species

The genus comprises the following species.Hidalgo, O., et al. (2006)
Phylogeny of ''Rhaponticum'' (Asteraceae, Cardueae–Centaureinae) and related genera inferred from nuclear and chloroplast DNA sequence data: taxonomic and biogeographic implications.
Annals of Botany 97(5), 705-14.GRIN Species Records of ''Rhaponticum''.
Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). * ''

Rhaponticum acaule ''Rhaponticum'' is a genus of flowering plants in the tribe Cardueae within the family Asteraceae. Description ''Rhaponticum'' species are perennial herbaceous plants with simple, rarely branched stems. The leaves are simple to pinnatifid. Th ...

'' (L.) DC. - Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya * '' Rhaponticum aulieatense'' Iljin - Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan * '' Rhaponticum australe'' (Gaudich.) - Austral cornflower, native thistle - Queensland, Victoria * ''

Rhaponticum berardioides ''Rhaponticum'' is a genus of flowering plants in the tribe Cardueae within the family Asteraceae. Description ''Rhaponticum'' species are perennial herbaceous plants with simple, rarely branched stems. The leaves are simple to pinnatifid. Th ...

'' (Batt.) Dobignard - Morocco * ''

Rhaponticum canariense ''Rhaponticum'' is a genus of flowering plants in the tribe Cardueae within the family Asteraceae. Description ''Rhaponticum'' species are perennial herbaceous plants with simple, rarely branched stems. The leaves are simple to pinnatifid. Th ...

'' DC. -

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* ''

Rhaponticum carthamoides ''Rhaponticum carthamoides'', also known as Maral root or Rhaponticum, is an herbaceous perennial plant from the family Asteraceae that inhabits the sub-alpine zone ( above sea level) as well as alpine meadows. It can be found growing wild in So ...

'' (Willd.) Iljin - maral root - Kazakhstan, Mongolia, Xinjiang, Russia (

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, Chita,

Irkutsk Irkutsk ( ; rus, Иркутск, p=ɪrˈkutsk; Buryat language, Buryat and mn, Эрхүү, ''Erhüü'', ) is the largest city and administrative center of Irkutsk Oblast, Russia. With a population of 617,473 as of the 2010 Census, Irkutsk is ...

) * ''

Rhaponticum centauroides ''Rhaponticum'' is a genus of flowering plants in the tribe Cardueae within the family Asteraceae. Description ''Rhaponticum'' species are perennial herbaceous plants with simple, rarely branched stems. The leaves are simple to pinnatifid. Th ...

'' (L.) O.Bolòs - France, Spain * ''

Rhaponticum coniferum ''Rhaponticum'' is a genus of flowering plants in the tribe Cardueae within the family Asteraceae. Description ''Rhaponticum'' species are perennial herbaceous plants with simple, rarely branched stems. The leaves are simple to pinnatifid. Th ...

'' (L.) Greuter - Spain, Portugal, France, Italy, Algeria, Morocco, Tunisia * ''

Rhaponticum cossonianum ''Rhaponticum'' is a genus of flowering plants in the tribe Cardueae within the family Asteraceae. Description ''Rhaponticum'' species are perennial herbaceous plants with simple, rarely branched stems. The leaves are simple to pinnatifid. Th ...

'' (Ball) Greuter - Morocco * ''

Rhaponticum exaltatum ''Rhaponticum'' is a genus of flowering plants in the tribe Cardueae within the family Asteraceae. Description ''Rhaponticum'' species are perennial herbaceous plants with simple, rarely branched stems. The leaves are simple to pinnatifid. Th ...

'' (Willk.) Greuter - Spain, Portugal, Morocco * ''

Rhaponticum heleniifolium ''Leuzea rhapontica'' subsp. ''heleniifolia'', synonym ''Rhaponticum heleniifolium'', is a flowering plant in the genus ''Leuzea'' of the family Asteraceae. Description The biological form of ''Leuzea rhapontica'' subsp. ''heleniifolia'' is '' he ...

'' Godr. & Gren. - Austria,

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, France, Italy * '' Rhaponticum hierroi'' (Eren.) Kangay - Turkey * ''

Rhaponticum insigne ''Rhaponticum'' is a genus of flowering plants in the tribe Cardueae within the family Asteraceae. Description ''Rhaponticum'' species are perennial herbaceous plants with simple, rarely branched stems. The leaves are simple to pinnatifid. Th ...

'' (Boiss.) Wagenitz - Iran, Turkey * ''

Rhaponticum integrifolium ''Rhaponticum'' is a genus of flowering plants in the tribe Cardueae within the family Asteraceae. Description ''Rhaponticum'' species are perennial herbaceous plants with simple, rarely branched stems. The leaves are simple to pinnatifid. Th ...

'' C.Winkl. - Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan * ''

Rhaponticum karatavicum ''Rhaponticum'' is a genus of flowering plants in the tribe Cardueae within the family Asteraceae. Description ''Rhaponticum'' species are perennial herbaceous plants with simple, rarely branched stems. The leaves are simple to pinnatifid. Th ...

'' Iljin - Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan * ''

Rhaponticum longifolium ''Rhaponticum'' is a genus of flowering plants in the tribe Cardueae within the family Asteraceae. Description ''Rhaponticum'' species are perennial herbaceous plants with simple, rarely branched stems. The leaves are simple to pinnatifid. Th ...

'' (Hoffmanns. & Link) Dittrich - Morocco * ''

Rhaponticum lyratum ''Rhaponticum'' is a genus of flowering plants in the tribe Cardueae within the family Asteraceae. Description ''Rhaponticum'' species are perennial herbaceous plants with simple, rarely branched stems. The leaves are simple to pinnatifid. Th ...

'' C.Winkl. ex Iljin - Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan * ''

Rhaponticum namanganicum ''Rhaponticum'' is a genus of flowering plants in the tribe Cardueae within the family Asteraceae. Description ''Rhaponticum'' species are perennial herbaceous plants with simple, rarely branched stems. The leaves are simple to pinnatifid. Th ...

'' Iljin - Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan * ''

Rhaponticum nanum ''Rhaponticum'' is a genus of flowering plants in the tribe Cardueae within the family Asteraceae. Description ''Rhaponticum'' species are perennial herbaceous plants with simple, rarely branched stems. The leaves are simple to pinnatifid. Th ...

'' Lipsky - Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, Afghanistan * ''

Rhaponticum nitidum ''Rhaponticum'' is a genus of flowering plants in the tribe Cardueae within the family Asteraceae. Description ''Rhaponticum'' species are perennial herbaceous plants with simple, rarely branched stems. The leaves are simple to pinnatifid. Th ...

'' Fisch. - Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan,

* ''

Rhaponticum orientale ''Rhaponticum'' is a genus of flowering plants in the tribe Cardueae within the family Asteraceae. Description ''Rhaponticum'' species are perennial herbaceous plants with simple, rarely branched stems. The leaves are simple to pinnatifid. Th ...

'' (Serg.) Peshkova * ''

Rhaponticum pulchrum ''Rhaponticum'' is a genus of flowering plants in the tribe Cardueae within the family Asteraceae. Description ''Rhaponticum'' species are perennial herbaceous plants with simple, rarely branched stems. The leaves are simple to pinnatifid. Th ...

'' Fisch. & C.A.Mey. - Azerbaijan,

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, Iran, Afghanistan * ''

Rhaponticum repens ''Rhaponticum repens'', synonym ''Acroptilon repens'', with the common name Russian knapweed, is a bushy rhizomatous perennial, up to 80 cm tall. Stems and leaves are finely arachnoid-tomentose becoming glabrous and green with age. The rosette le ...

'' (L.) Hidalgo - Russian knapweed, creeping knapweed, hardheads, blueweed - Central Asia; naturalized in Europe, southwest Asia,

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North America North America is a continent in the Northern Hemisphere and almost entirely within the Western Hemisphere. It is bordered to the north by the Arctic Ocean, to the east by the Atlantic Ocean, to the southeast by South America and the Car ...

* '' Rhaponticum scariosum'' Lam. - France, Italy,

, Slovenia * ''

Rhaponticum serratuloides ''Rhaponticum'' is a genus of flowering plants in the tribe Cardueae within the family Asteraceae. Description ''Rhaponticum'' species are perennial herbaceous plants with simple, rarely branched stems. The leaves are simple to pinnatifid. Th ...

'' (Georgi) Bobrov -

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, Belarus, Ukraine, Romania,

European Russia European Russia (russian: Европейская Россия, russian: европейская часть России, label=none) is the western and most populated part of Russia. It is geographically situated in Europe, as opposed to the cou ...

, Moldova,

, Turkey, Kazakhstan

Formerly included

Several species are now relegated to other genera: '' Centaurea'', ''

Klasea ''Klasea'' is a genus of Eurasian and North African plants in the tribe Cardueae within the family Asteraceae. ; Species ; formerly included * ''Klasea chinensis - Rhaponticum chinense'' * ''Klasea insularis - Serratula coronata var. insularis' ...

'', ''

Ochrocephala ''Ochrocephala'' is a genus of Ethiopian flowering plants in the thistle tribe within the daisy family. ;Species The only known species is '' Ochrocephala imatongensis'', native to Ethiopia Ethiopia, , om, Itiyoophiyaa, so, Itoobiya, ...

'', ''

Stemmacantha ''Rhaponticum'' is a genus of flowering plants in the tribe Cardueae within the family Asteraceae. Description ''Rhaponticum'' species are perennial herbaceous plants with simple, rarely branched stems. The leaves are simple to pinnatifid. Th ...

'', and ''

Synurus ''Synurus'' is a genus of Asian plants in the tribe Cardueae within the family Asteraceae. ''Synurus'' has a thick stem up to 1.5 meters tall. It produces large, nodding, spherical flower heads up to 6 centimeters wide with purple florets. The ...

''.

References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q2703875 Asteraceae genera Cynareae