Ranchi (, ) is the

capital Capital may refer to: Common uses * Capital city, a municipality of primary status ** List of national capital cities * Capital letter, an upper-case letter Economics and social sciences * Capital (economics), the durable produced goods used f ...

of the

India India, officially the Republic of India (Hindi: ), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous country, and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the so ...

n state of

Jharkhand Jharkhand (; ; ) is a state in eastern India. The state shares its border with the states of West Bengal to the east, Chhattisgarh to the west, Uttar Pradesh to the northwest, Bihar to the north and Odisha to the south. It has an area of . It ...

. Ranchi was the centre of the Jharkhand movement, which called for a separate state for the tribal regions of South

Bihar Bihar (; ) is a state in eastern India. It is the 2nd largest state by population in 2019, 12th largest by area of , and 14th largest by GDP in 2021. Bihar borders Uttar Pradesh to its west, Nepal to the north, the northern part of West Be ...

, northern

Odisha Odisha (English: , ), formerly Orissa ( the official name until 2011), is an Indian state located in Eastern India. It is the 8th largest state by area, and the 11th largest by population. The state has the third largest population of ...

, western

West Bengal West Bengal (, Bengali: ''Poshchim Bongo'', , abbr. WB) is a state in the eastern portion of India. It is situated along the Bay of Bengal, along with a population of over 91 million inhabitants within an area of . West Bengal is the fourt ...

and the eastern area of what is present-day

Chhattisgarh Chhattisgarh (, ) is a landlocked state in Central India. It is the ninth largest state by area, and with a population of roughly 30 million, the seventeenth most populous. It borders seven states – Uttar Pradesh to the north, Madhya Prade ...

. The

state was formed on 15 November 2000 by carving out the Bihar divisions of Chota Nagpur and

Santhal Parganas Santhal Pargana division constitutes one of the five district administration units known as the divisions of Jharkhand state in eastern India. Origin of name Santhal Pargana derives its name from two words: "Santhal", a major tribe of India a ...

. Ranchi has been selected as one of the hundred Indian cities to be developed as a smart city under PM Narendra Modi's flagship

Smart Cities Mission National Smart Cities Mission is an urban renewal and retrofitting program by the Government of India with the mission to develop smart cities across the country, making them citizen friendly and sustainable. The Union Ministry of Urban Devel ...

. Ranchi is also one of the oldest cities in Jharkhand. Jagannath Temple and Ratu Palace are some sights which witnessed the history of Ranchi. Ranchi is rapidly growing its economy, and certain parks, special economic zones and industrial areas are being developed. Of late, new sectors and modern areas have been built for the city's development. Ranchi is also nicknamed the ''City of Waterfalls''.

Etymology

According to one popular tale, Captain choose "Archi" an Oraon tribal village as headquarters. ''Archi'' means Bamboo forest in local Nagpuri dialect. The British inadvertently named "Archi" as "Ranchi". Captain Thomas Wilkinson renamed Kishunpur village as Rachi. Up to 1927, the place was known as Rachi. In his book ''The Mundas and Their Country'', anthropologist

Sarat Chandra Roy Sarat Chandra Roy (4 November 1871– 30 April 1942) was an Indian scholar of anthropology. He is widely regarded as the 'father of Indian ethnography', the 'first Indian ethnographer', and as the 'first Indian anthropologist'. Early life Bor ...

writes that the name of the city is derived from the Mundari word ''aranchi'' or "short stick" used in driving cattle. while other opined that ''aranchi'' is bi-weekly market. According to another local story, the name of Ranchi comes from a local bird named "Rici" which was mostly found in the

Pahari Mandir Pahari Mandir is a temple located in hilltop in Ranchi the capital of Jharkhand. The temple is dedicated to Shiva. This temple is located at 2140 feet above sea level and 350 feet above the ground. To reach the temple one has to climb 468 step ...

premise. ''Rici'' is name for Black Kite ''(

Milvus migrans The black kite (''Milvus migrans'') is a medium-sized bird of prey in the family Accipitridae, which also includes many other diurnal raptors. It is thought to be the world's most abundant species of Accipitridae, although some populations have ...

'') in Mundari language, the modern-day landmark of Ranchi city, the Pahari Mandir, is also known as ''Rici Buru'' (रिचि बुरु) - the hill of the kites, and the city originated on the foothills of Rici Buru with the construction of ''Bada Talab'' by Commissioner Thomas Wilkinson at the same site.

History

The earliest evidence of use of several iron slag, pot sheds, iron tools found in Chota Nagpur region around 1400 BCE. Magadha Empire exercised indirect control over the territory, which lasted until the reign of the Ashoka. Armies of

Samudra Gupta Samudragupta (Gupta script: ''Sa-mu-dra-gu-pta'', (c. 335–375 CE) was the second emperor of the Gupta Empire of ancient India, and is regarded among the greatest rulers of the dynasty. As a son of the Gupta emperor Chandragupta I and the L ...

passed through the region on their expedition to the Deccan. In the 4th century CE,

Nagvanshi Nagavanshi (IAST: Nāgavaṃśī) refers to any of the several Indian Kshatriya dynasties or ruling groups claiming descent from the mythical Nāgas. Along with Suryavanshi, Chandravanshi and Agnivanshi, the Nagavanshi clans form a part of the Ks ...

king Raja Pratap Rai chose Chutia as his capital which is now a place in Ranchi. Few ruins of Chutia trace back to the 2nd century CE. With the expansion of the

Mughal Empire The Mughal Empire was an early-modern empire that controlled much of South Asia between the 16th and 19th centuries. Quote: "Although the first two Timurid emperors and many of their noblemen were recent migrants to the subcontinent, the d ...

, the sovereign status of the Nagvanshi dynasty was technically affected, but they continued to rule and administer independently. Thakur

Ani Nath Shahdeo Ani Nath Shahdeo was Nagvanshi king in 17th century. He was king of Barkagarh estate. He founded his capital at Satrangi near Subarnarekha river. He built Jagannath temple in 1691. He established Hat i.e. market at that place which is now known a ...

made Satranji as capital of

Barkagarh estate The Barkagarh estate was a zamindari estate situated in modern-day Jharkhand, India, in erstwhile Lohardaga district (now in Ranchi). It was established by Ani Nath Shahdeo, the son of Nagvanshi king Ram Shah in 17th century. The capital of the es ...

near Subarnarekha river. He built Jagannath Temple in 1691. IMGJagannathpur Temple

After the

Battle of Buxar The Battle of Buxar was fought between 22 and 23 October 1764, between the forces under the command of the British East India Company, led by Hector Munro, and the combined armies of Mir Qasim, Nawab of Bengal till 1764; the Nawab of Awadh, Sh ...

, Nagvanshi became a vassal of the

East India Company The East India Company (EIC) was an English, and later British, joint-stock company founded in 1600 and dissolved in 1874. It was formed to trade in the Indian Ocean region, initially with the East Indies (the Indian subcontinent and Southea ...

. The British reduced Nagvanshi rulers to

Jamindar A zamindar ( Hindustani: Devanagari: , ; Persian: , ) in the Indian subcontinent was an autonomous or semiautonomous ruler of a province. The term itself came into use during the reign of Mughals and later the British had begun using it as a ...

in 1817 due to rebellion of Jagirdars under Nagvanshi against tax imposition by East India Company and directly ruled Chotanagpur. In 1833, Captain Wilkinson established headquarter of the

South-West Frontier Chota Nagpur Division, also known as the South-West Frontier, was an administrative division of British India. It included most of the present-day state of Jharkhand as well as adjacent portions of West Bengal, Orissa, and Chhattisgarh. History ...

agency in the village of Kishunpur, which he renamed into Ranchi after the hamlet located at the foot of the Hill. In 1855, Thakur

Vishwanath Shahdeo Vishwanath Shahdeo (12 August 1817 – 16 April 1858) was the king of the Barkagarh estate and a rebel in the Indian rebellion of 1857. In 1955, he declared himself independent and defeated British forces in Hatia. He led rebels of Ramgarh Batta ...

declared independene from British rule. British attacked Satranji but he defeated British forces. He ruled independently for two years. In the

Indian Rebellion of 1857 The Indian Rebellion of 1857 was a major uprising in India in 1857–58 against the rule of the British East India Company, which functioned as a sovereign power on behalf of the British Crown. The rebellion began on 10 May 1857 in the fo ...

, Thakur Vishwanath Shahdeo led soldiers of Ramgarh Battalion with Madhav Singh who was Jamadar of Ramgarh Battalion. Pandey Ganpat Rai,

Tikait Umrao Singh Tikait Umrao Singh was a king and freedom fighter. He was king of small kingdom Bandhgawa which is located in Ranchi district in Jharkhand. In Indian rebellion 1857, he and his brother Ghasi Singh played pivotal role in preventing East India Comp ...

and

Sheikh Bhikhari Sheikh Bhikhari (1819–1858) was a combatant in the Indian Rebellion of 1857. He was a Dewan and general of Tikait Umrao Singh. He was born in Budmu, Bihar to a weaver Ansari family but spent the rest of his life in Khudia-Lotwa village of Orm ...

also joined the rebellion. They attacked the British in Ranchi and compelled to flee them. But later they were defeated by East India company forces in Chatra and in Pithuriya with the help of the king of

Pithuriya Pithoria is a village in the Kanke block, Kanke Community development block in India, CD block in the Ranchi Sadar subdivision of the Ranchi district in the Indian States and territories of India, state of Jharkhand. History According to legend, ...

Jagatpal Singh Jagatpal Singh was king of Pithoria in 19th century. He was ally of British East India Company. His father Jaimangal Singh and he made Pithoria business and cultural centre. He helped British in supression of Rebellion of 1857 in Ranchi. Early ...

and hanged. British made Ranchi as municipality in 1869 and Ranchi was first termed as a town in the census of 1872. Nagvanshi shifted their capital to Ratu from Palkot in 1870.

Udai Pratap Nath Shah Deo Udai Pratap Nath Shahdeo (23 March 1866 - 21 September 1950), was the Nagvanshi Maharaja of Chotanagpur Zamindari estate. He donated large tracts of land to build infrastructure of Ranchi city. He built the Ratu Palace in Ranchi in 1901. He was c ...

built Ratu Palace in Ratu in 1900. He donated large tracts of land to build the infrastructure of the city. Freedom fighter Birsa Munda died in the Ranchi jail on 9 June 1900. In 1912, Jyotirindranath Tagore, the eldest brother of

Rabindranath Tagore Rabindranath Tagore (; bn, রবীন্দ্রনাথ ঠাকুর; 7 May 1861 – 7 August 1941) was a Bengali polymath who worked as a poet, writer, playwright, composer, philosopher, social reformer and painter. He resh ...

, settled in Ranchi.

Tagore Hill The Tagore Hill also known as Morabadi Hill is situated in Morabadi, Ranchi, Jharkhand. It is around 300 feet high and 4 KM from Albert Ekka Chowk. The hilltop has a long associated history with the revered poet and Nobel Laureate Rabindranath ...

, where his house was located, has been named after him in remembrance. The last ruler of the Nagvanshi dynasty was

Lal Chintamani Sharan Nath Shahdeo Lal Chintamani Sharan Nath Shahdeo (14 December 1931 – 10 July 2014), was the last ruling Nagvanshi Maharaja of Chotanagpur Zamindari estate and a politician. Early life Lal Chintamani Sharan Nath Shahdeo was born in the royal family of Nag ...

(1931–2014). After independence, Ranchi saw significant increase in its population. Its population rate of growth was 3.5% in 1901 to 1941, which increased to 14% in 1951–1971. This was because of increased industrial and educational institutions being set up, as well as the arrival of post-partition refugees. Ranchi became an 'administrative-cum-industrial' town in 1958 when Heavy Engineering Corporation was set up. The succeeding years saw Ranchi becoming the headquarters for the

Steel Authority of India Ltd Steel is an alloy made up of iron with added carbon to improve its strength and fracture resistance compared to other forms of iron. Many other elements may be present or added. Stainless steels that are corrosion- and oxidation-resistant ty ...

and Central Coalfields Ltd. The city remained the summer capital of Bihar till the creation of Jharkhand in 2000, when Ranchi became the capital of the new state.

Geography

Ranchi lies at near to the

Tropic of Cancer The Tropic of Cancer, which is also referred to as the Northern Tropic, is the most northerly circle of latitude on Earth at which the Sun can be directly overhead. This occurs on the June solstice, when the Northern Hemisphere is tilted toward ...

. The city covers an area of and its average elevation is 651 m above

sea level Mean sea level (MSL, often shortened to sea level) is an average surface level of one or more among Earth's coastal bodies of water from which heights such as elevation may be measured. The global MSL is a type of vertical datuma standardised g ...

. Ranchi is located in the southern part of the

Chota Nagpur plateau The Chota Nagpur Plateau is a plateau in eastern India, which covers much of Jharkhand state as well as adjacent parts of Chhattisgarh, Odisha, West Bengal and Bihar. The Indo-Gangetic plain lies to the north and east of the plateau, and the bas ...

, which is the eastern section of the Deccan plateau. Ranchi has a hilly topography and its dense tropical forests a combination that produces a relatively moderate climate compared to the rest of the state. However, due to the uncontrolled deforestation and development of the city, the average temperature has increased. Kanke Dam - Ranchi 9308

Climate

Although Ranchi has a

humid subtropical climate A humid subtropical climate is a zone of climate characterized by hot and humid summers, and cool to mild winters. These climates normally lie on the southeast side of all continents (except Antarctica), generally between latitudes 25° and 40° ...

(

Köppen Climate Classification The Köppen climate classification is one of the most widely used climate classification systems. It was first published by German-Russian climatologist Wladimir Köppen (1846–1940) in 1884, with several later modifications by Köppen, notabl ...

: ''Cwa''), its location and the forests surrounding it combine to produce the unusually pleasant climate for which it is known. Summer temperatures range from 20 to 42 °C, winter temperatures from 0 to 25 °C. December and January are the coolest months, with temperatures dipping to the freezing point in some areas (Kanke). The annual rainfall is about 1430 mm (56.34 inches). From June to September the rainfall is about 1,100 mm.

Demographics

Population

India census,

Ranchi Municipal Corporation Ranchi Municipal Corporation is responsible for the civic administration of the city of Ranchi. It was established in 1979 in erstwhile Bihar and is presently the biggest municipality in Jharkhand. According to Census of India 2011, the area u ...

has a population of 1,073,427, The urban agglomeration had a population of 14,56,528 making it the 32nd most populous urban agglomeration in India. Males constitute 52.1% of the population and females 47.9%. Ranchi has an average literacy rate of 87.68%. The city witnessed a sudden surge in population after the declaration of the new state of Jharkhand in 2000. Owing to the rising employment opportunities and opening of numerous regional and state level offices, banks and FMCG companies, the city witnessed a rapid influx of employment seeking migrants. As per a study done by

ASSOCHAM The Associated Chambers of Commerce and Industry of India () is a Non-governmental organization, non-governmental trade association and advocacy group based in New Delhi, India. The organisation represents the interests of trade and commerce in ...

in late 2010, Ranchi was one of the highest employment generating Tier-III cities in India with a share of 16.8%, followed by

Mangalore Mangalore (), officially known as Mangaluru, is a major port city of the Indian state of Karnataka. It is located between the Arabian Sea and the Western Ghats about west of Bangalore, the state capital, 20 km north of Karnataka–Ker ...

and

Mysore Mysore (), officially Mysuru (), is a city in the southern part of the state of Karnataka, India. Mysore city is geographically located between 12° 18′ 26″ north latitude and 76° 38′ 59″ east longitude. It is located at an altitude of ...

Language

Hindi Hindi (Devanāgarī: or , ), or more precisely Modern Standard Hindi (Devanagari: ), is an Indo-Aryan language spoken chiefly in the Hindi Belt region encompassing parts of northern, central, eastern, and western India. Hindi has been de ...

is the

lingua franca A lingua franca (; ; for plurals see ), also known as a bridge language, common language, trade language, auxiliary language, vehicular language, or link language, is a language systematically used to make communication possible between groups ...

in Ranchi. Nagpuri is regional language of the region.

is spoken by 7,99,133,

Urdu Urdu (;"Urdu"
''

Bengali Bengali or Bengalee, or Bengalese may refer to: *something of, from, or related to Bengal, a large region in South Asia * Bengalis, an ethnic and linguistic group of the region * Bengali language, the language they speak ** Bengali alphabet, the w ...

by 37,450, Kurukh by 24,762 people, Mundari by 24,858 and 16,746 people speaks Maithili.

Religion

Hinduism Hinduism () is an Indian religion or '' dharma'', a religious and universal order or way of life by which followers abide. As a religion, it is the world's third-largest, with over 1.2–1.35 billion followers, or 15–16% of the global p ...

is the prominent religion of Ranchi followed by 64.31% of the population.

Islam Islam (; ar, ۘالِإسلَام, , ) is an Abrahamic religions, Abrahamic Monotheism#Islam, monotheistic religion centred primarily around the Quran, a religious text considered by Muslims to be the direct word of God in Islam, God (or ...

is the second most followed religion in the city by 16.42% of the people. Minorities are

Christians Christians () are people who follow or adhere to Christianity, a monotheistic Abrahamic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ. The words ''Christ'' and ''Christian'' derive from the Koine Greek title ''Christós'' (Χρι ...

8.52%,

Sikhism Sikhism (), also known as Sikhi ( pa, ਸਿੱਖੀ ', , from pa, ਸਿੱਖ, lit=disciple', 'seeker', or 'learner, translit=Sikh, label=none),''Sikhism'' (commonly known as ''Sikhī'') originated from the word ''Sikh'', which comes fro ...

0.39%,

Jains Jainism ( ), also known as Jain Dharma, is an Indian religion. Jainism traces its spiritual ideas and history through the succession of twenty-four tirthankaras (supreme preachers of ''Dharma''), with the first in the current time cycle being ...

0.22%,

Buddhists Buddhism ( , ), also known as Buddha Dharma and Dharmavinaya (), is an Indian religion or philosophical tradition based on teachings attributed to the Buddha. It originated in northern India as a -movement in the 5th century BCE, and gra ...

0.06%, those that did not state a religion are 0.35%, and others are 9.72%.

Governance and politics

Civic administration

The municipal corporation covers an area of and is divided into 55 administrative wards, each represented by an elected corporator. At the time of the creation of the state of Jharkhand in 2000, the Bihar Municipal Act, 1922 was adapted as the Jharkhand Municipal Act, 2000 to govern all ULBs in the new state. Ranchi Municipal Corporation was governed by its own municipal act, the Ranchi Municipal Corporation Act, 2001. With the enactment of the Jharkhand Municipal Act 2011, these two ceased to be in effect and the 2011 became the only governing legislature for all city governments in Jharkhand. Under section 26 of the Jharkhand Municipal Act, 2011, the positions of mayor and deputy mayor are elected directly i.e. the position holders are voted in by the people themselves. The last municipal election was in 2018 with a voter turnout of 49.3%, up from 38% in the last election in 2013. Asha Lakra and Sanjiv Vijayawargia – both from the

Bharatiya Janta Party The Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP; ; ) is a political party in India, and one of the two major Indian political parties alongside the Indian National Congress. Since 2014, it has been the ruling political party in India under Narendra Modi ...

– won the mayoral and deputy mayoral seats. The 2018 municipal election was the first time the mayoral and deputy mayoral candidates in Jharkhand could use political party symbols, while the candidates for councilor seats continued to use symbols allotted to them by the Jharkhand State Election Commission. The next municipal election will take place in 2023. The Jharkhand Municipal Act, 2011 mandates the establishment of ward committees for each ward in the municipality. Though ward committees have been formed in Ranchi, they are not active.

Lok Sabha and Vidhan Sabha Constituencies

Ranchi city is part of the

Ranchi Lok Sabha Constituency Ranchi Lok Sabha constituency is one of the 14 Lok Sabha (parliamentary) constituencies in Jharkhand state in eastern India. This constituency covers parts of Seraikela Kharsawan and Ranchi districts. Assembly segments Presently, Ranchi Lok Sab ...

Sanjay Seth Sanjay Seth is an Indian politician from UP, not to be confused with the Ranchi politician of the same name. He was elected to the Rajya Sabha, the upper house of the Parliament of India from Uttar Pradesh as a member of the Samajwadi Party in ...

won the seat in the 2019 General Election and represents this constituency at the

Lok Sabha The Lok Sabha, constitutionally the House of the People, is the lower house of India's bicameral Parliament, with the upper house being the Rajya Sabha. Members of the Lok Sabha are elected by an adult universal suffrage and a first-past ...

as a

Member of Parliament A member of parliament (MP) is the representative in parliament of the people who live in their electoral district. In many countries with bicameral parliaments, this term refers only to members of the lower house since upper house members of ...

. Ranchi is part of the Ranchi Vidhan Sabha Constituency and the representative

Member of Legislative Assembly A member of the Legislative Assembly (MLA) is a representative elected by the voters of a constituency to a legislative assembly. Most often, the term refers to a subnational assembly such as that of a state, province, or territory of a country. S ...

at the

Jharkhand Vidhan Sabha The Jharkhand Vidhan Sabha or the Jharkhand Legislative Assembly is the unicameral state legislature of Jharkhand. List of assemblies See also *List of Chief Ministers of Jharkhand *List of constituencies of the Jharkhand Legislative Asse ...

Chandreshwar Prasad Singh Chandreshwar Prasad Singh also known as C.P. Singh (born 16 January 1956) is an Indian Politician and a prominent leader of Bharatiya Janata Party, he has served as Minister of Urban Development, Transport, Parliamentary Affairs, Registration, ...

. Singh has held the post since 2000, with the last Jharkhand Vidhan Sabha election being in 2019. Both politicians belong to the

Bharatiya Janata Party The Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP; ; ) is a political party in India, and one of the two major Indian political parties alongside the Indian National Congress. Since 2014, it has been the ruling political party in India under Narendra Modi ...

Public utilities

Ranchi Junction railway station entrance at night

The various infrastructure and civic services demands of the city are met by different entities, including Ranchi Municipal Corporation, state government departments, and parastatal organisations. The Ranchi Master Plan 2037 was created by a private consultant firm under the clientship of the Ranchi Municipal Corporation, Urban Development and Housing Department, and Ranchi Regional Development Authority. Roads in Ranchi are developed and maintained by the municipal corporation,

Jharkhand Government The Government of Jharkhand also known as the State Government of Jharkhand, or locally as State Government, is the supreme governing authority of the Indian state of Jharkhand and its Districts of Jharkhand, 24 districts. It consists of an exec ...

, Ranchi Regional Development Authority, and National Highways Authority of India. The Water Supply Section of the municipal corporation is responsible for issuing water connections, maintaining hand pumps in wards, collecting water usage charges and fines, whereas the state government Drinking Water Supply and Sewerage Department supplies the water. The Health Department of the corporation is responsible for the Solid Waste Management of the city. RMC operates buses in the city and has outsourced this to a private agency.

Economy

Ranchi is one of the major industrial cities of

Eastern India East India is a region of India consisting of the Indian states of Bihar, Jharkhand, Odisha and West Bengal and also the union territory of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. The region roughly corresponds to the historical region of Magadha fr ...

and located in the region called 'Ruhr of India' ( Chota Nagpur) making it an ideal place for mineral based industries. Ranchi has presence of many well-known government and private organisations in the vicinity of city. SAIL-R&D, MECON.Ltd,

Garden Reach Shipbuilders & Engineers Garden Reach Shipbuilders & Engineers Ltd, abbreviated as GRSE, is one of India's leading shipyards, located in Kolkata. It builds and repairs commercial and naval vessels. GRSE also builds export ships. Founded in 1884 as a small privately-o ...

(Marine Diesel Engine Project),

Central Coalfields Central Coalfields Limited (CCL) is a subsidiary of Coal India Limited (CIL), an undertaking of the Government of India. CCL was established in 1956 as National Coal Development Corporation Limited and is a Category-I Mini Ratna company sinc ...

, CMPDI.Ltd, Subarnarekha Hydel Project ( JSEB), Usha Martin.Ltd (Wire Rope Division), DVC, STPI-Ranchi, Heavy Engineering Corp., Palriwal Industries, Pensol India, Waxpol Industries, Jharkhand Mega Food Park etc. are the prominent industries here. The Federation of Jharkhand Chamber of Commerce & Industries (FJCCI),

, MSME-DI and JIADA are major apex industrial bodies present here. JIADA consists many industrial areas in Ranchi, e.g. – Kokar, Tatisilwai,

Namkum Namkum is a community development block (CD block) forming an administrative division in the Ranchi Sadar subdivision of Ranchi district in the state of Jharkhand. Geography Namkum is located at 23°21'N 85°22'E. Namkum CD block is locate ...

etc. are among them. As per a study done by ASSOCHAM in late 2010, Ranchi was the highest employment generating Tier-III cities in India followed by Mangalore and Mysore. MECON Ltd Company has its headquarters in Ranchi at Ashok Nagar. Jharkhand Industrial Area Development Association has its office in

also has its headquarters in Ranchi. Ranchi houses a number of companies. Along with

Jamshedpur Jamshedpur (, ) or Tatanagar is the largest and most populous city in Jharkhand and the first planned industrial city in India. It is a Notified Area Council and Municipal Corporation and also the headquarter of the East Singhbhum district. It ...

Dhanbad Dhanbad is the second-most populated city in the Indian state of Jharkhand after Jamshedpur. It ranks as the 42nd largest city in India and is the 33rd largest million-plus urban agglomeration in India. Dhanbad shares its land borders with Pa ...

, Bokaro and

Giridih Giridih is headquarters of the Giridih district of Jharkhand state, India. The city of Giridih is known for its industrial and health sectors, as well as its scenic beauty. Giridih houses the Giridih Coalfield which is one of the oldest coalfi ...

it is one of the industrial hubs of the city. Here are the following companies which are based in Ranchi and also headquartered in Ranchi itself:

Mecon limited MECON Limited, formerly known as Metallurgical & Engineering Consultants (India) Limited is a central public sector undertaking. It is under the ownership of Ministry of Steel, Government of India. It began in 1959 as the Central Engineering ...

, Heavy Engineering Corporation,

Central Mine Planning and Design Institute The Central Mine Planning and Design Institute (acronym CMPDI) is a subsidiary of Coal India Limited which is under the ownership of Ministry of Coal of the Government of India, engaged in the field of environmental engineering and provides consu ...

, Jharkhand Rajya Gramin Bank and Dzinex Technology The main and major businesses here are located in Lalpur,

Hindpiri Ranchi (, ) is the capital of the Indian state of Jharkhand. Ranchi was the centre of the Jharkhand movement, which called for a separate state for the tribal regions of South Bihar, northern Odisha, western West Bengal and the eastern area ...

, Lower Bazaar, Upper Bazaar and

Doranda Ranchi (, ) is the capital of the Indian state of Jharkhand. Ranchi was the centre of the Jharkhand movement, which called for a separate state for the tribal regions of South Bihar, northern Odisha, western West Bengal and the eastern area ...

STPI Ranchi has set up its branch at

, Ranchi. It is usually an IT Park, which houses many IT companies. It is being planned to build more parks like this. OFFCO Park is another park which is built here. It is also a large and famous business park. Lalpur, Doranda and Hindpiri are the business districts and financial districts in the city and the state. This place houses several shopping malls. Whole of Ranchi has several shopping malls which include:

Nucleus Mall Nucleus ( : nuclei) is a Latin word for the seed inside a fruit. It most often refers to: *Atomic nucleus, the very dense central region of an atom * Cell nucleus, a central organelle of a eukaryotic cell, containing most of the cell's DNA Nucl ...

, Mall E Decor,

JD Hi-Street Mall JD or jd may refer to: Arts and entertainment * ''JD'' (film), a 2016 Bollywood film * J.D. (''Scrubs''), nickname of Dr. John Dorian, fictional protagonist of the comedy-drama ''Scrubs'' * JD Fenix, a character from the ''Gears of War'' vid ...

Ranchi Central Mall Ranchi (, ) is the capital of the Indian state of Jharkhand. Ranchi was the centre of the Jharkhand movement, which called for a separate state for the tribal regions of South Bihar, northern Odisha, western West Bengal and the eastern area ...

, Laxmi Tower, Mall of Ranchi, City Center (Centre) Mall, Big Mall, Spring City Mall, Arakshan Shopping Mall, Shelter Mall, Ranchi Green City, Artic Mall, City Center or City Centre, City Mall and

Galaxia Mall Galaxia may refer to: *The superior form of Gaia (Foundation universe), a planet in Isaac Asimov's Foundation Series * ''Galaxia'' (plant), a genus in the iris family *"Galaxia", a 1996 trance song by Ferry Corsten * Sailor Galaxia, an antagonist fr ...

. There are many other upcoming shopping malls and commercial projects File:Ranchi 9239.JPG, Lalpur -

Central business district A central business district (CBD) is the commercial and business centre of a city. It contains commercial space and offices, and in larger cities will often be described as a financial district. Geographically, it often coincides with the "city ...

File:Ranchi hill.JPG, Central of Ranchi is the commercial, historical, cultural, financial and economic district hub of the city Ranchi File:Hindpiri, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India - panoramio.jpg, Arjan Place at Hindpiri, Ranchi houses several companies including the

Stock Holding Corporation of India Limited Stock Holding Corporation of India Limited (SHCIL) is an Indian custodian and depository participant, based in Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra. SHCIL was established in 1986 as a public limited company and is a subsidiary of IFCI. It is also responsi ...

and Ricoh ,

Software Technology Parks of India Software Technology Parks of India (STPI) is an S&T organization under Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY) engaged in promoting IT/ ITES Industry, Innovation, R&D, Start-ups, Product/ IP creation in the field of emergin ...

, Ranchi

Education

Universities and Institutes

Amity University, Jharkhand Amity University, Jharkhand, also known as Amity University, Ranchi, is a private university located in Ranchi, Jharkhand, India. The university was established in 2016 by the Amity Education Group through the ''Amity University Act, 2016''. It ...

Central Institute of Psychiatry Ranchi Central institute of Psychiatry Ranchi (CIP Ranchi) is an institute that is directly governed by the Government of India. It is situated in Kanke, Ranchi in Jharkhand state of India. History The institute dates back to the days of the British ...

* Indian Institute of Information Technology, Ranchi *

Indian Institute of Management Ranchi The Indian Institute of Management Ranchi (IIM Ranchi, IIM-R) is a public business school located in Ranchi, Jharkhand, India. IIM Ranchi was established in Ranchi on 15 December 2009 and began classes on 6 July 2010, under the 11th Five Year P ...

National Institute of Advanced Manufacturing Technology National Institute of Advanced Manufacturing Technology (NIAMT) formerly known as the National Institute of Foundry and Forge Technology (NIFFT) is a premier public engineering and research institution in Ranchi. It was established in 1966 by ...

Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences The Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences (RIMS), established on 15 August 2002 by upgrading the then Rajendra Medical College and Hospital (RMCH) originally setup in 1960, is a medical institute of in Ranchi, the capital of Jharkhand, India ...

Ranchi University Ranchi University is a public state university in Ranchi, Jharkhand, India. It was established in 1960 by an Act of the Bihar legislature. Ranchi University offers degrees in undergraduate, post-graduate, M.Phil. and doctorate programs. History ...

Sarala Birla University Sarala Birla University (SBU) is a Private university (India), private university located in the Birla Knowledge City in the Ara, about from Ranchi on the Ranchi-Purulia highway, in the Namkum block of Ranchi, Jharkhand, India. The university wa ...

Organizations

* Association for Parivartan of Nation * Anjuman Islamia Ranchi

Health

* Sadar Medical College and Hospital *

Central Institute of Psychiatry Central institute of Psychiatry Ranchi (CIP Ranchi) is an institute that is directly governed by the Government of India. It is situated in Kanke, Ranchi in Jharkhand state of India. History The institute dates back to the days of the British ...

, Kanke * Ranchi Institute of Neuropsychiatry and Allied Sciences

Sports

Ranchi is a center for numerous sports activities, including cricket, hockey, football, and many others. The 34th National Games were successfully held in Ranchi in February 2011. An International Cricket stadium with an indoor stadium and a practice ground has been constructed. So far, this stadium has hosted three One day International matches and one T20 International match. Apart from that, this stadium has hosted two

IPL 6 The 2013 season of the Indian Premier League, abbreviated as IPL 6 or Pepsi IPL 2013, was the sixth season of the IPL, established by the Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI) in 2007. The tournament featured nine teams and was held fro ...

matches for Kolkata Knight Riders, three champions league 2013 matches and Celebrity Cricket League matches for Bhojpuri Dabanggs. A tennis academy, which was inaugurated by

Sania Mirza Sania Mirza (; born 15 November 1986) is an Indian professional tennis player. A former doubles world No. 1, she has won six major titles – three in women's doubles and three in mixed doubles. From 2003 until her retirement from singles in ...

and

Shoaib Malik Shoaib Malik ( Punjabi, ur, ; born 1 February 1982) is a Pakistani cricketer who plays for the Pakistan national cricket team and currently plays for Karachi Kings in the Pakistan Super League (PSL). He was the captain of the Pakistan national ...

, also runs beside the cricket stadium. Former Indian Cricket Team Captain

M.S. Dhoni Mahendra Singh Dhoni (; born 7 July 1981) is an Indian former international cricketer who was captain of the Indian national cricket team in limited-overs formats from 2007 to 2017 and in Test cricket from 2008 to 2014. He is also the curren ...

lives in Ranchi. The Ranchi franchise for Hockey India League was bought by Patel-Uniexcel Group and the team named the

Ranchi Rhinos Ranchi Rhinos (abbreviated as RR) was a field hockey team based in Ranchi, Jharkhand that played in the Hockey India League. The team won the inaugural season of Hockey India League defeating Delhi Waveriders by 2-1. It is owned by Patel-Uniexce ...

Sports teams

Ranchi Rays Ranchi Rays (RCR) is an Indian field hockey team based in Ranchi, Jharkhand that competes in the Hockey India League (HIL). It was announced as the newest team to replace the defunct Ranchi Rhinos on 25 October 2014. It is owned by Indian cric ...

(earlier

)

Stadiums in Ranchi

Jaipal Singh Stadium Jaipal Singh Stadium is a multi-purpose stadium located in the city of Ranchi in Jharkhand, India. It was built in 1978 and was named after the famous hockey player and captain Jaipal Singh Munda after a request was made by Birsa Seva Dal. A ...

JSCA International Cricket Stadium JSCA International Stadium Complex formally known as (Jharkhand State Cricket Association International Cricket Stadium), and also known as Jharkhand State Cricket Association Stadium, is an international cricket stadium in Ranchi, Jharkhand. ...

Birsa Munda Hockey Stadium Birsa Munda Hockey Stadium or Ranchi Hockey Stadium is a field hockey stadium in Ranchi, Jharkhand. It serves as the home ground for Hockey India League franchise Ranchi Rays. It is located in Morabadi near Ranchi and has a capacity of approx ...

Birsa Munda Athletics Stadium Birsa Munda Athletics Stadium is a stadium in Ranchi, Jharkhand, India. It is used mostly for association football matches and for athletics. The stadium has hosted the opening and closing ceremonies of the 2011 National Games of India. It has s ...

Birsa Munda Football Stadium The Birsa Munda Football Stadium is a stadium in Ranchi, India. Opened in 2009, it is the second stadium used by Ranchi Football clubs after the Birsa Munda athletics Stadium Birsa Munda Athletics Stadium is a stadium in Ranchi, Jharkhand, ...

* Mega Sports Complex

Points of Interest

Bhagwan Birsa Biological Park Bhagwan Birsa Biological Park (also known as Ranchi Zoo) is located off hakla village rmanjhi in Ranchi, Jharkhand, India. Ranchi Zoo was established in 1994 at the bank of Getalsud Dam and on the main Patna-Ranchi highway. The park has two di ...

* Dassam Falls *

Getalsud Dam Getalsud Dam is an artificial reservoir situated in Ormanjhi, Ranchi, Jharkhand. It was constructed across the Subarnarekha River and was opened in 1971. It is a popular picnic spot for the residents of Ranchi and Ramgarh District Ramgarh ...

(also known as Rukka Dam; built in 1971) * Gossner Evangelical Lutheran Church, the oldest church in eastern and northern India * Harmu Housing Colony * Hundru Falls * Jagannath Temple, built by Thakur Ani Nath Shahdeo, Raja of Barkagarh Jagannathpur in 1691. * Jonha Falls, also known as Gautamdhara (the place dedicated to

Gautam Buddha Gautama, Gautam or Gotama may refer to: Ancient sages and philosophers * Akṣapāda Gautama, a Hindu sage and founder of the Nyaya school of Hindu philosophy: see Nyāya Sūtras * Indrabhuti Gautama, chief disciple of Mahavira * Gautama Buddha, t ...

) * Kanke Dam, also known as Gonda Dam built in 1955 *

Rock Garden A rock garden, also known as a rockery and formerly as a rockwork, is a garden, or more often a part of a garden, with a landscaping framework of rocks, stones, and gravel, with planting appropriate to this setting. Usually these are small A ...

, built along Kanke Dam * Nakshatra Van *

, temple dedicated to Lord Shiva * Patratu Valley *

Ranchi Science Centre Ranchi Science Centre is the first science centre in the state of Jharkhand in India, under Jharkhand Council on Science & Technology (JCST) of Department of Science & Technology, Government of Jharkhand (GOJ). The centre comprises two storied bu ...

* Ratu Palace, capital of Nagvanshis of Chotanagpur. * Sita Falls * Ranchi State Museum, State Art museum *

St.Mary's Cathedral St. Mary's, St. Marys, or St. Maries may refer to the following places: Australia * St Marys, New South Wales, a suburb of Sydney ** St Marys railway station, Sydney ** North St Marys, New South Wales, a suburb of Sydney * St Marys, South Austr ...

, one of oldest

church Church may refer to: Religion * Church (building), a building for Christian religious activities * Church (congregation), a local congregation of a Christian denomination * Church service, a formalized period of Christian communal worship * Chris ...

of Ranchi built in 1847 *

(related to Jyotindranath Tagore, brother of

)

Notable people

Rajesh Chauhan Rajesh Chauhan (; born 19 December 1966) is a former Indian cricketer who played in 21 Tests and 35 One Day Internationals from 1993 to 1998. He was part of the Indian spin trio of Kumble (Leg break) -Raju (Left arm orthodox)-Chauhan (Off break ...

, former Indian cricketer, born in Ranchi * Deeba, Pakistani actress *

MS Dhoni Mahendra Singh Dhoni (; born 7 July 1981) is an Indian former international cricketer who was captain of the Indian national cricket team in limited-overs formats from 2007 to 2017 and in Test cricket from 2008 to 2014. He is also the curren ...

, former captain of Indian Cricket Team *

Carl Haeberlin Carl Haeberlin (15 December 1870 – 12 November 1954), sometimes also spelled Häberlin, was a German physician and natural historian. He was influential for the development of climatotherapy and thalassotherapy in Germany and founded the ''Dr. C ...

, German physician, born in Ranchi * Madhu Mansuri Hasmukh, folk singer *

Rajesh Jais Rajesh Jais (born 6 September 1969) is an Indian film actor, known for first daily soap of india '' Shanti'' (1994), ''Sonu Ke Titu Ki Sweety'' (2018), ''Rab Ne Bana Di Jodi'' (2008), ''Rocket Singh'' (2009), ''Airlift'' (2016) and ''Raazi'' ( ...

, actor *

Komal Jha Komal Jha is an Indian movie actress and writer. She established a career in Telugu, Kannada, Malayalam and now Hindi film industries and is known for her career transformation from being a civil engineer to an actress, and for her roles in Chin ...

, actress * Anjana Om Kashyap, Indian journalist and news presenter *

Neelu Kohli Neelu Kohli (also Nilu Kohli ) is an Indian film and television actress. She has done many roles in many Indian television series, like Sangam, Mere Angne Mein, Maddam Sir and Choti Sarrdaarni. She is also worked in Hindi films such as House ...

, actress * Deepika Kumari, Indian professional archer * Supriya Kumari, actress * Peter Mansfield, British journalist and historian, was born in Ranchi * Pat Reid

MBE Mbe may refer to: * Mbé, a town in the Republic of the Congo * Mbe Mountains Community Forest, in Nigeria * Mbe language, a language of Nigeria * Mbe' language, language of Cameroon * ''mbe'', ISO 639 code for the extinct Molala language Molal ...

MC, escapee from

Colditz Castle Castle Colditz (or ''Schloss Colditz'' in German) is a Renaissance castle in the town of Colditz near Leipzig, Dresden and Chemnitz in the state of Saxony in Germany. The castle is between the towns of Hartha and Grimma on a hill spur over the r ...

, born in Ranchi * Anushka Sen, actress *

Gopal Sharan Nath Shahdeo Gopal Sharan Nath Shahdeo (2 April 1969– 28 June 2010) was a prince of the Nagvanshi royal family. He was twice the state legislative assembly member from Hatia in 2005 and 2009 as Indian National Congress candidate. Family He was the only ...

, Nagvanshi prince and MLA *

, last Nagvanshi king *

, freedom fighter, born in Barkagarh, Ranchi *

Alisha Singh Alisha Singh is an Indian television actress, dancer and choreographer. She was the winner of the reality show ''Boogie Woogie'' four times and a runner up in ''Dance India Dance''. She is also known for television shows '' Dil Dosti Dance'' and ...

, dancer and choreographer * C.P. Singh (Indian politician)

References

External links

Website of the District Administration
* {{Authority control Metropolitan cities in India