Pyrgomorphidae is a

family Family (from la, familia) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is to maintain the well-being of its ...

grasshopper Grasshoppers are a group of insects belonging to the suborder Caelifera. They are among what is possibly the most ancient living group of chewing herbivorous insects, dating back to the early Triassic around 250 million years ago. Grasshopp ...

s in the order

Orthoptera Orthoptera () is an order of insects that comprises the grasshoppers, locusts, and crickets, including closely related insects, such as the bush crickets or katydids and wētā. The order is subdivided into two suborders: Caelifera – grassho ...

; it is the only family in the superfamily Pyrgomorphoidea, with a pan-tropical distribution. Their name is probably derived from ''pyrgos'' (Greek: ''Πύργος'') meaning "tower": a reference to the form (''morph'') of the head in the type genus ''

Pyrgomorpha ''Pyrgomorpha''Serville (1838)

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''Histoire naturelle des insectes. Orthoptères'' 583. is the type genus of grasshoppers in the family Pyrgomorphidae and the tribe Pyrgomorphini. Species are found in Southern Europe, Africa and the middle Ea ...

'' and other genera. They may sometimes be known as "gaudy grasshoppers", due to the striking, often

aposematic Aposematism is the advertising by an animal to potential predators that it is not worth attacking or eating. This unprofitability may consist of any defences which make the prey difficult to kill and eat, such as toxicity, venom, foul taste or ...

colouration of a number of genera; however many others are camouflaged or cryptic, including the genus ''

Pyrgomorpha ''Pyrgomorpha''Serville (1838)

''.

Subfamilies and tribes

Incomplete list of genera and species:

Subfamily
Orthacridinae The Orthacridinae are a sub-family of grasshoppers (Orthoptera : Caelifera) in the family Pyrgomorphidae. Species are found in: Central America, Africa, Asia, Australia and certain Pacific Islands. The type genus is '' Orthacris'' and the tax ...

All tribes and selected genera only are shown here: * Tribe Brunniellini Kevan, 1963 - Philippines * Tribe Chapmanacridini Kevan & Akbar, 1964 - W. Africa * Tribe Fijipyrgini Kevan, 1966 - Fiji * Tribe Geloiini Bolívar, 1905 - Madagascar * Tribe Gymnohippini Kevan & Akbar, 1964 - Madagascar * Tribe Ichthiacridini Kevan, Singh & Akbar, 1964 - Mexico * Tribe Ichthyotettigini Kevan, Singh & Akbar, 1964 - Mexico * Tribe Malagasphenini Kevan & Akbar, 1964 - Madagascar * Tribe Mitricephalini Kevan & Akbar, 1964 - Malesia * Tribe Nereniini Kevan, 1964 - Vietnam, PNG ** Genus ''Nerenia: Nerenia francoisi'' Bolívar, 1905 (monotypic) ** Genus ''Megradina: Megradina festiva'' Storozhenko, 2004 (monotypic) * Tribe Orthacridini Bolívar, 1905 - E. Africa, Madagascar, India, Indo-China Neorthacris simulans-Kadavoor-2016-09-13-002

Neorthacris simulans-Kadavoor-2016-09-13-002

** Genus ''

Kuantania ''Kuantania''Miller NCE (1935) ''Jour. Fed. Malay States Mus.'' 17(4): 691 is a genus of grasshoppers in the family Pyrgomorphidae, subfamily Orthacridinae and tribe Orthacridini. Species The ''Orthoptera Species File'' lists the following spe ...

'' Miller, 1935 ** Genus '' Neorthacris'' Kevan & Singh, 1964 ** Genus ''

Orthacris ''Orthacris'' is a genus of grasshoppers in the family Pyrgomorphidae and the subfamily Orthacridinae. Species are found in the Indian subcontinent including Sri Lanka. Species The Catalogue of Life The Catalogue of Life is an online databa ...

'' Bolívar, 1884 * Tribe Popoviini Kevan & Akbar, 1964 - E. Africa to India ** Genus '' Popovia'' Uvarov, 1952 * Tribe Psednurini Burr, 1904 - Australia * Tribe Sagittacridini Descamps & Wintrebert, 1966 - Madagascar * Tribe Verduliini Kevan & Akbar, 1964 - Philippines to PNG

Subfamily
Pyrgomorphinae The Pyrgomorphinae are a sub-family of grasshoppers ( Orthoptera : Caelifera) in the family Pyrgomorphidae. Species are found in, especially the warmer parts of: Central and South America, southern Europe, Africa, Asia, Australia and Pacific Is ...

Some notable genera and species are shown here: * Tribe Atractomorphini - Africa, Asia, Australia Atractomorpha similis (8416619989)

** Genus '' Atractomorpha'' * Tribe Chlorizeinini Kevan & Akbar, 1964 - Africa, Asia ** Genus ''

Chlorizeina ''Chlorizeina'' is a genus of grasshoppers in the subfamily Pyrgomorphinae The Pyrgomorphinae are a sub-family of grasshoppers (Orthoptera : Caelifera) in the family Pyrgomorphidae. Species are found in, especially the warmer parts of: Cen ...

'' Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1893 * Tribe Chrotogonini Bolívar, 1904 - Africa, Asia * Tribe Desmopterini - W. Africa, Asia, Australia ** Genus '' Desmoptera'': including '' Desmoptera truncatipennis'' * Tribe Dictyophorini - Africa Immature Dictyophorus spumans Cedarberg South Africa

Immature Dictyophorus spumans Cedarberg South Africa

** Genus ''

Dictyophorus ''Dictyophorus'' is the type genus of grasshoppers in the tribe Dictyophorini, of the family Pyrgomorphidae; it is native to sub-Saharan Africa. The genus was named by Carl Peter Thunberg in 1815. Species These species belong to the genus ''Di ...

'': including '' Dictyophorus spumans'' * Tribe Monistriini - Australia ** Genus ''

Monistria ''Monistria'' is a genus of grasshoppers in the family Pyrgomorphidae and the tribe Monistriini. Species are found Australia, New Zealand and surrounding islands. Species The Catalogue of Life and ''Orthoptera Species File'' list the following: ...

'': including ''

Monistria cicatricosa ''Monistria'' is a genus of grasshoppers in the family Pyrgomorphidae and the tribe Monistriini. Species are found Australia, New Zealand and surrounding islands. Species The Catalogue of Life and ''Orthoptera Species File'' list the following: ...

and ''

Monistria pustulifera The blistered pyrgomorph (''Monistria pustulifera'') is a species of wingless grasshopper of the family Pyrgomorphidae, endemic to Australia. The species is most commonly found on desert fuchsia plants of the genus '' Eremophila'', in particula ...

'' * Tribe Omurini Kevan, 1961 -

South America South America is a continent entirely in the Western Hemisphere and mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a relatively small portion in the Northern Hemisphere at the northern tip of the continent. It can also be described as the southe ...

* Tribe Petasidini - Australia ** Genus '' Petasida'': including ''

Petasida ephippigera ''Petasida ephippigera'' (Leichhardt's grasshopper) is a pyrgomorph grasshopper, in the monotypic genus ''Petasida'', native to tropical northern Australia. The species is named after Ludwig Leichhardt. It is known as alyurr in the Kundjeyhmi ...

'' (Leichhardt's grasshopper) * Tribe Phymateini - Africa (incl. Madagascar), China Pyrgomorphidae Phymateus morbillosus Male Common milkweed locust 9258

Pyrgomorphidae Phymateus morbillosus Male Common milkweed locust 9258

** Genus ''

Phymateus ''Phymateus'' is a genus of grasshoppers of the family Pyrgomorphidae. Description Species of the genus ''Phymateus'' are African grasshoppers about long. Some species at maturity are capable of long migratory flights. They raise and rustle wi ...

'' ** Genus '' Zonocerus'' * Tribe Poekilocerini Burmeister, 1840 - Africa, India, Indo-China, Malesia, PNG ** Genus '' Poekilocerus'' Serville, 1831 * Tribe Psednurini - Australia ** Genus '' Psednura'' * Tribe Pseudomorphacridini Kevan & Akbar, 1964 - Indo-China ** Genus '' Pseudomorphacris'' Carl, 1916 * Tribe Pyrgomorphini - Africa, W. Asia through to India ** Genus ''

Pyrgomorpha ''Pyrgomorpha''Serville (1838)

'' Serville, 1838 ** Genus '' Pyrgomorphella'' Bolívar, 1904 * Tribe Schulthessiini Kevan & Akbar, 1964 - Madagascar * Tribe Sphenariini Bolívar, 1884 - Central America, Africa, China ** Genus ''

Sphenarium ''Sphenarium'' is a grasshoppers genus in the family PyrgomorphidaeCharpentier. 1845. Orthoptera descripta et depicta 841-1845120 pp. indigenous to Mexico. Various species are caught and eaten as chapulines Chapulines, plural for chapulín ...

'' Charpentier, 1845 * Tribe Tagastini Bolívar, 1905 - SE Asia ** Genus ''

Tagasta ''Tagasta'' is a genus of grasshoppers in the family Pyrgomorphidae, subfamily Pyrgomorphinae and tribe Tagastini. Species can be found around the Himalayan mountains, southern China, Indo-China and Malesia (including the Philippines). It was des ...

'' Bolívar, 1905 * Tribe Taphronotini Bolívar, 1904 - Africa, India, Indo-China ** Genus ''Aularches'' Stål, 1873: monotypic ''

Aularches miliaris ''Aularches miliaris'' is a grasshopper species of the monotypic genus ''Aularches'', belonging to the family Pyrgomorphidae.(2013''Aularches miliaris'' (Linnaeus, 1758) from Orthoptera Species File (OSF) Online. (retrieved 16 March 2020). The ...

References

External links

* *
Pyrgomorphoidea
at the

Global Biodiversity Information Facility The Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) is an international organisation that focuses on making scientific data on biodiversity available via the Internet using web services. The data are provided by many institutions from around the ...

Portal {{Taxonbar, from=Q1297956 Orthoptera families Taxa named by Carl Brunner von Wattenwyl

Subfamilies and tribes

Subfamily Orthacridinae The Orthacridinae are a sub-family of grasshoppers (Orthoptera : Caelifera) in the family Pyrgomorphidae. Species are found in: Central America, Africa, Asia, Australia and certain Pacific Islands. The type genus is '' Orthacris'' and the tax ...

Subfamily Pyrgomorphinae The Pyrgomorphinae are a sub-family of grasshoppers ( Orthoptera : Caelifera) in the family Pyrgomorphidae. Species are found in, especially the warmer parts of: Central and South America, southern Europe, Africa, Asia, Australia and Pacific Is ...

References

External links

Subfamily
Orthacridinae The Orthacridinae are a sub-family of grasshoppers (Orthoptera : Caelifera) in the family Pyrgomorphidae. Species are found in: Central America, Africa, Asia, Australia and certain Pacific Islands. The type genus is '' Orthacris'' and the tax ...

Subfamily
Pyrgomorphinae The Pyrgomorphinae are a sub-family of grasshoppers ( Orthoptera : Caelifera) in the family Pyrgomorphidae. Species are found in, especially the warmer parts of: Central and South America, southern Europe, Africa, Asia, Australia and Pacific Is ...