Pea enation mosaic virus (PEMV) is really two plant pathogenic viruses. The two
RNA
Ribonucleic acid (RNA) is a polymeric molecule essential in various biological roles in coding, decoding, regulation and expression of genes. RNA and deoxyribonucleic acid ( DNA) are nucleic acids. Along with lipids, proteins, and carbohydra ...
s of the disease are now categorised as two separate,
mutualistic viruses:
*
Pea enation mosaic virus 1
''Enamovirus'' is a genus of viruses, in the family '' Solemoviridae''. Plants serve as natural hosts. There are five species in this genus. Diseases associated with this genus include: pea enation disease: if both PEMV-1 and PEMV-2 are present ...
is an ''
Enamovirus
''Enamovirus'' is a genus of viruses, in the family ''Solemoviridae
''Solemoviridae'' is a family of non-enveloped, positive-strand RNA viruses which infect plants. ''Solemoviridae'' is a member of the order ''Sobelivirales''.
Structure
M ...
''
*
Pea enation mosaic virus 2 is an ''
Umbravirus
''Umbravirus'' is a genus of plant viruses assigned to the family ''Tombusviridae''. The genus has 11 species.
Transmission may be by aphids or mechanical inoculation. The genome is a linear, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA, 4200–6900 nucl ...
''
They are spread by
green- or
pea aphid
''Acyrthosiphon pisum'', commonly known as the pea aphid (and colloquially known as the green dolphin, pea louse, and clover louse), is a sap-sucking insect in the family Aphididae. It feeds on several species of legumes (plant family Fabaceae) w ...
s and affects such
legume
A legume () is a plant in the family Fabaceae (or Leguminosae), or the fruit or seed of such a plant. When used as a dry grain, the seed is also called a pulse. Legumes are grown agriculturally, primarily for human consumption, for livestock f ...
s as
pea,
alfalfa
Alfalfa () (''Medicago sativa''), also called lucerne, is a perennial flowering plant in the legume family Fabaceae. It is cultivated as an important forage crop in many countries around the world. It is used for grazing, hay, and silage, as w ...
,
broadbean or
sweet pea mostly in temperate regions.
Symptoms include
chlorotic, translucent or
necrotic lesions, malformation of leaves and
stipules, and plant distortion. However, the most characteristic symptom is the formation of
enations on the