''Paralaoma'' is a
genus of very small air-breathing
land snail
A land snail is any of the numerous species of snail that live on land, as opposed to the sea snails and freshwater snails. ''Land snail'' is the common name for terrestrial gastropod mollusks that have shells (those without shells are known as ...
s,
terrestrial pulmonate
Pulmonata or pulmonates, is an informal group (previously an order, and before that a subclass) of snails and slugs characterized by the ability to breathe air, by virtue of having a pallial lung instead of a gill, or gills. The group includ ...
gastropod
The gastropods (), commonly known as snails and slugs, belong to a large taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda ().
This class comprises snails and slugs from saltwater, from freshwater, and from land. T ...
mollusks or
micromollusk
A micromollusk is a shelled mollusk which is extremely small, even at full adult size. The word is usually, but not exclusively, applied to marine mollusks, although in addition, numerous species of land snails and freshwater mollusks also ...
s in the subfamily
Laominae of the family
Punctidae, the dot snails.
Species
The genus ''Paralaoma'' includes the following species:
* ''
Paralaoma ahena''
Iredale, 1945
* ''
Paralaoma allochroida''
(Suter, 1890)
* ''
Paralaoma ambigua''
Iredale, 1913
* ''
Paralaoma angusta''
Vermeulen, Liew & Schilthuizen, 2015
* ''
Paralaoma annabelli
''Paralaoma'' is a genus of very small air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks or micromollusks in the subfamily Laominae of the family Punctidae, the dot snails.
Species
The genus ''Paralaoma'' includes the fol ...
''
Shea & Griffiths, 2010
* ''
Paralaoma buddlei
''Paralaoma'' is a genus of very small air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks or micromollusks in the subfamily Laominae of the family Punctidae, the dot snails.
Species
The genus ''Paralaoma'' includes the fol ...
''
Powell, 1951
* ''
Paralaoma burringtoni''
(Pilsbry, 1930)
* ''
Paralaoma coloba
''Paralaoma'' is a genus of very small air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks or micromollusks in the subfamily Laominae of the family Punctidae, the dot snails.
Species
The genus ''Paralaoma'' includes the fol ...
''
(Pilsbry, 1894)
* ''
Paralaoma compar
''Paralaoma compar'', also known as the ribbed pinhead snail, is a species of land snail that is endemic to Australia's Lord Howe Island in the Tasman Sea
The Tasman Sea (Māori: ''Te Tai-o-Rēhua'', ) is a marginal sea of the South Pacif ...
''
Iredale, 1944
* ''
Paralaoma depressior
''Paralaoma'' is a genus of very small air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks or micromollusks in the subfamily Laominae of the family Punctidae, the dot snails.
Species
The genus ''Paralaoma'' includes the fol ...
''
Preston, 1913
* ''
Paralaoma gelida
''Paralaoma'' is a genus of very small air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks or micromollusks in the subfamily Laominae of the family Punctidae, the dot snails.
Species
The genus ''Paralaoma'' includes the fol ...
''
Iredale, 1941
* ''
Paralaoma goweri
''Paralaoma goweri'', also known as the mountain pinhead snail, is a species of land snail that is endemic to Australia's Lord Howe Island in the Tasman Sea
The Tasman Sea (Māori: ''Te Tai-o-Rēhua'', ) is a marginal sea of the South Pac ...
''
Iredale, 1944
* ''
Paralaoma hottentota
''Paralaoma'' is a genus of very small air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks or micromollusks in the subfamily Laominae of the family Punctidae, the dot snails.
Species
The genus ''Paralaoma'' includes the fol ...
''
(Melvill & Ponsonby, 1891)
* ''
Paralaoma innesi
''Paralaoma innesi'', also known as Innes' pinhead snail, is a species of land snail that is endemic to Australia's Lord Howe Island in the Tasman Sea
The Tasman Sea (Māori: ''Te Tai-o-Rēhua'', ) is a marginal sea of the South Pacific O ...
''
Iredale, 1944
* ''
Paralaoma insularis
''Paralaoma'' is a genus of very small air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks or micromollusks in the subfamily Laominae of the family Punctidae, the dot snails.
Species
The genus ''Paralaoma'' includes the fol ...
''
(Cotton, 1939)
* ''
Paralaoma lateumbilicata
''Paralaoma'' is a genus of very small air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks or micromollusks in the subfamily Laominae of the family Punctidae, the dot snails.
Species
The genus ''Paralaoma'' includes the fol ...
''
(Suter, 1890)
* ''
Paralaoma manawatawhia
''Paralaoma'' is a genus of very small air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks or micromollusks in the subfamily Laominae of the family Punctidae, the dot snails.
Species
The genus ''Paralaoma'' includes the follow ...
''
Goulstone & Brook, 1999
* ''
Paralaoma mazatlanica
''Paralaoma'' is a genus of very small air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks or micromollusks in the subfamily Laominae of the family Punctidae, the dot snails.
Species
The genus ''Paralaoma'' includes the follow ...
''
(L. Pfeiffer, 1856)
* ''
Paralaoma miserabilis
''Paralaoma'' is a genus of very small air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks or micromollusks in the subfamily Laominae of the family Punctidae, the dot snails.
Species
The genus ''Paralaoma'' includes the follow ...
''
(Iredale, 1913)
* ''
Paralaoma morti
''Paralaoma morti'', also known as Mort's pinhead snail, is a species of land snail that is found on Australia's Lord Howe Island in the Tasman Sea
The Tasman Sea (Māori: ''Te Tai-o-Rēhua'', ) is a marginal sea of the South Pacific Ocea ...
''
(Cox, 1864)
* ''
Paralaoma pagoda
''Paralaoma'' is a genus of very small air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks or micromollusks in the subfamily Laominae of the family Punctidae, the dot snails.
Species
The genus ''Paralaoma'' includes the fol ...
''
Climo, 1973
* ''
Paralaoma perminuta
''Paralaoma'' is a genus of very small air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks or micromollusks in the subfamily Laominae of the family Punctidae, the dot snails.
Species
The genus ''Paralaoma'' includes the fol ...
''
Preston, 1913
* ''
Paralaoma pilsbryi
''Paralaoma'' is a genus of very small air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks or micromollusks in the subfamily Laominae of the family Punctidae, the dot snails.
Species
The genus ''Paralaoma'' includes the follow ...
''
(Hylton Scott, 1957)
* ''
Paralaoma raki
''Paralaoma'' is a genus of very small air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks or micromollusks in the subfamily Laominae of the family Punctidae, the dot snails.
Species
The genus ''Paralaoma'' includes the follow ...
''
Goulstone & Brook, 1999
* ''
Paralaoma raricostata
''Paralaoma'' is a genus of very small air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks or micromollusks in the subfamily Laominae of the family Punctidae, the dot snails.
Species
The genus ''Paralaoma'' includes the fol ...
''
(Suter, 1890)
* ''
Paralaoma regia
''Paralaoma'' is a genus of very small air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks or micromollusks in the subfamily Laominae of the family Punctidae, the dot snails.
Species
The genus ''Paralaoma'' includes the follow ...
''
Powell, 1948
* ''
Paralaoma retinoides''
(Tate, 1894)
* ''
Paralaoma sarawakensis
''Paralaoma'' is a genus of very small air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks or micromollusks in the subfamily Laominae of the family Punctidae, the dot snails.
Species
The genus ''Paralaoma'' includes the fol ...
''
Marzuki, T. S. Liew & Mohd-Azlan, 2021
* † ''
Paralaoma senex
''Paralaoma'' is a genus of very small air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks or micromollusks in the subfamily Laominae of the family Punctidae, the dot snails.
Species
The genus ''Paralaoma'' includes the follow ...
''
B. A. Marshall & Worthy, 2017
* ''
Paralaoma sericata''
(Suter, 1890)
* ''
Paralaoma serratocostata
''Paralaoma'' is a genus of very small air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks or micromollusks in the subfamily Laominae of the family Punctidae, the dot snails.
Species
The genus ''Paralaoma'' includes the fol ...
''
(Webster, 1906)
* ''
Paralaoma servilis
''Paralaoma servilis'' is a species of very small air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk or micromollusk in the family Punctidae, the dot snails. MolluscaBase eds. (2021). MolluscaBase. Paralaoma servilis (Shuttlewo ...
''
(Shuttleworth, 1852)
* ''
Paralaoma textilis
''Paralaoma'' is a genus of very small air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks or micromollusks in the subfamily Laominae of the family Punctidae, the dot snails.
Species
The genus ''Paralaoma'' includes the follow ...
''
(Pilsbry, 1920)
* † ''
Paralaoma thomsoni
''Paralaoma'' is a genus of very small air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks or micromollusks in the subfamily Laominae of the family Punctidae, the dot snails.
Species
The genus ''Paralaoma'' includes the fol ...
''
(Suter, 1917)
* ''
Paralaoma turbotti
''Paralaoma turbotti'' is a species of land snail in the family Punctidae. The species was first described by Baden Powell in 1948, and is endemic to Manawatāwhi / Three Kings Islands in New Zealand.
Taxonomy
The species was identified by Pow ...
''
Powell, 1948
;Synonyms:
* ''Paralaoma abjecta''
Iredale, 1944: synonym of ''
Semilaoma abjecta
''Semilaoma'' is a genus of three pinhead or dot snail species that are endemic to Australia's Lord Howe Island in the Tasman Sea.
Species
* ''Semilaoma costata'' Shea & Griffiths, 2010 – coarse-ribbed pinhead snail
* ''Semilaoma laevis'' Sh ...
''
(Iredale, 1944) (original combination)
* ''Paralaoma angustum''
Vermeulen, Liew & Schilthuizen, 2015: synonym of ''Paralaoma angusta''
Vermeulen, Liew & Schilthuizen, 2015 (incorrect gender ending)
* ''Paralaoma caputspinulae''
(Reeve, 1852): synonym of ''Paralaoma servilis''
(Shuttleworth, 1852) (junior synonym)
* ''Paralaoma decresensis''
Iredale, 1937: synonym of ''Paralaoma caputspinulae''
(Reeve, 1852): synonym of ''Paralaoma servilis''
(Shuttleworth, 1852) (junior synonym)
* ''Paralaoma duncombei''
Iredale, 1945: synonym of ''Paralaoma caputspinulae''
(Reeve, 1852): synonym of ''Paralaoma servilis''
(Shuttleworth, 1852) (junior synonym)
* ''Paralaoma lidgbirdensis''
Iredale, 1944: synonym of ''
Semilaoma lidgbirdensis
''Semilaoma lidgbirdensis'', also known as the Mount Lidgbird pinhead snail, is a tiny species of land snail that is endemic to Australia's Lord Howe Island in the Tasman Sea.
Description
The depressedly turbinate shell of the mature snail is ...
''
(Iredale, 1944) (original combination)
* ''Paralaoma orestias''
Preston, 1913: synonym of ''
Christianoconcha orestias
''Christianoconcha'' is a genus of small air-breathing land snails, terrestrial gastropod
The gastropods (), commonly known as snails and slugs, belong to a large taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropo ...
''
(Preston, 1913) (original combination)
* ''Paralaoma pumila''
(Hutton, 1882): synonym of ''Paralaoma servilis''
(Shuttleworth, 1852)
* ''Paralaoma raoulensis''
Iredale, 1913: synonym of ''Paralaoma servilis''
(Shuttleworth, 1852) (junior synonym)
* ''Paralaoma royi''
Iredale, 1944: synonym of ''Paralaoma servilis''
(Shuttleworth, 1852) (junior synonym)
* ''Paralaoma stabilis''
Iredale, 1937: synonym of ''Paralaoma caputspinulae''
(Reeve, 1852): synonym of ''Paralaoma servilis''
(Shuttleworth, 1852) (junior synonym)
References
* Powell, A.W.B. (1939). The Mollusca of Stewart Island. Records of the Auckland Institute and Museum 2: 211–238.
*
AnimalBase page for this genus at
External links
*
Iredale, T. (1913). The land Mollusca of the Kermadec islands. Proceedings of the Malacological Society of London. 10(6): 364-388, pl. 18
Paralaoma,
Gastropod genera
Taxa named by Tom Iredale
Gastropods described in 1913
{{Punctidae-stub