''Pangio'' is a

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial nom ...

of small Asian

freshwater fish Freshwater fish are those that spend some or all of their lives in fresh water, such as rivers and lakes, with a salinity of less than 1.05%. These environments differ from marine conditions in many ways, especially the difference in levels of ...

in the true loach

family Family (from la, familia) is a group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is to maintain the well-being of its members and of society. Idea ...

Cobitidae Cobitidae, also known as the True loaches, is a family of Old World freshwater fish. They occur throughout Eurasia and in Morocco, and inhabit riverine ecosystems. Today, most " loaches" are placed in other families (see below). The family in ...

. In earlier taxonomic schemes it was known as ''Acanthophthalmus''. The "

kuhli loach The kuhli loach (''Pangio kuhlii'') is a small eel-like freshwater fish belonging to the loach family ( Cobitidae). They originate from Indonesia and the Malay Peninsula. This snake-like creature is very slender and nocturnal. In an aquarium, t ...

" is well-known in the aquarium trade and commonly identified as ''P. kuhlii'', but most individuals actually appear to be ''P. semicincta''. The

type species In zoological nomenclature, a type species (''species typica'') is the species name with which the name of a genus or subgenus is considered to be permanently taxonomically associated, i.e., the species that contains the biological type specime ...

is ''Cobitis cinnamomea'' McClelland 1839, now known as ''

Pangio pangia ''Pangio pangia'' is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus ''Pangio ''Pangio'' is a genus of small Asian freshwater fish in the true loach family Cobitidae. In earlier taxonomic schemes it was known as ''Acanthophthalmus''. The " kuhli lo ...

''. These fish are best represented in

Southeast Asia Southeast Asia, also spelled South East Asia and South-East Asia, and also known as Southeastern Asia, South-eastern Asia or SEA, is the geographical south-eastern region of Asia, consisting of the regions that are situated south of mainlan ...

where all but five of the species live, including the

Greater Sunda Islands The Greater Sunda Islands ( Indonesian and Malay: ''Kepulauan Sunda Besar'') are four tropical islands situated within Indonesian Archipelago, in the Pacific Ocean. The islands, Borneo, Java, Sulawesi and Sumatra, are internationally recognised ...

with sixteen species. The five species found outside Southeast Asia are from

India India, officially the Republic of India (Hindi: ), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous country, and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the so ...

and

Myanmar Myanmar, ; UK pronunciations: US pronunciations incl. . Note: Wikipedia's IPA conventions require indicating /r/ even in British English although only some British English speakers pronounce r at the end of syllables. As John Wells explai ...

. They inhabit a wide range of mostly calm waters such as streams, swamps (often

peat swamp Peat swamp forests are tropical moist forests where waterlogged soil prevents dead leaves and wood from fully decomposing. Over time, this creates a thick layer of acidic peat. Large areas of these forests are being logged at high rates. Peat ...

s) and backwaters, but there are also species in fast-flowing waters, and one, ''P. bhujia'', lives underground.

Species

There are currently 33 recognized species in this genus: * ''

Pangio agma ''Pangio agma'' is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus ''Pangio''. It is endemic to Borneo where it is found in northern Sarawak and Brunei Brunei ( , ), formally Brunei Darussalam ( ms, Negara Brunei Darussalam, Jawi: , ), is a c ...

'' ( M. E. Burridge, 1992) * ''

Pangio alcoides ''Pangio alcoides'' is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus ''Pangio ''Pangio'' is a genus of small Asian freshwater fish in the true loach family Cobitidae. In earlier taxonomic schemes it was known as ''Acanthophthalmus''. The " kuhli ...

'' Kottelat & K. K. P. Lim, 1993 * ''

Pangio alternans ''Pangio alternans'' is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus ''Pangio ''Pangio'' is a genus of small Asian freshwater fish in the true loach family Cobitidae. In earlier taxonomic schemes it was known as ''Acanthophthalmus''. The " kuhli ...

'' Kottelat & K. K. P. Lim, 1993 * ''

Pangio ammophila ''Pangio'' is a genus of small Asian freshwater fish in the true loach family Cobitidae. In earlier taxonomic schemes it was known as ''Acanthophthalmus''. The "kuhli loach" is well-known in the aquarium trade and commonly identified as ''P. ...

Britz Britz () is a German locality (''Ortsteil'') within the Berlin borough (''Bezirk'') of Neukölln. History The village of ''Britzig'' was first mentioned in 1273. It was incorporated by the 1920 Greater Berlin Act. It is known for being the site ...

Anvar Ali Anwar Ali (born 1 July 1966), also known Anvar Ali, is an Indian poet and lyricist writing in Malayalam. He is also a literary editor and critic, translator, screen-writer, and documentary filmmaker. Career Literature Ali’s first collectio ...

& Raghavan, 2012Britz, R., Ali, A. & Raghavan, R. (2012): ''Pangio ammophila,'' a new species of eel-loach from Karnataka, southern India (Teleostei: Cypriniformes: Cobitidae). ''Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters, 23 (1): 45-50.'' * ''

Pangio anguillaris ''Pangio anguillaris'' is a species of loach found in still and slow-moving freshwater in Indochina (Mekong and Chao Phraya basins), Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, and Borneo. This is a slender fish (the specific name means "eel-like") measuring up ...

'' ( Vaillant, 1902) * ''

Pangio apoda ''Pangio apoda'' is a species of Cypriniformes fish in the genus ''Pangio ''Pangio'' is a genus of small Asian freshwater fish in the true loach family Cobitidae. In earlier taxonomic schemes it was known as ''Acanthophthalmus''. The " kuhl ...

Maclaine MacLaine or Maclaine (; Gaelic: ''Mac Gill-Eain'') is a surname of Scottish origin. It may refer to: ;Persons * Angus Gillean Mathew Maclaine, Younger of Lochbuie, Tannist to Lorne, 26th of Lochbuie * Christopher Maclaine (1923–1975), America ...

, 2007 * '' Pangio atactos'' H. H. Tan & Kottelat, 2009 *'' Pangio bhujia'' Anoop et al., 2019 *'' Pangio pathala'' Sundar, Remya L; Arjun, C.P.; Sidharthan, Arya; Dahanukar, Neelesh; Raghavan, Rajeev * '' Pangio bitaimac'' H. H. Tan & Kottelat, 2009 * '' Pangio cuneovirgata'' (Raut, 1957) * '' Pangio doriae'' (

Perugia Perugia (, , ; lat, Perusia) is the capital city of Umbria in central Italy, crossed by the River Tiber, and of the province of Perugia. The city is located about north of Rome and southeast of Florence. It covers a high hilltop and pa ...

, 1892) * '' Pangio elongata''

, 2007 * '' Pangio filinaris'' Kottelat & K. K. P. Lim, 1993 * '' Pangio fusca'' ( Blyth, 1860) * '' Pangio goaensis'' (

Tilak In Dharmic culture, the ''tilaka'' ( sa, तिलक) () is a mark worn usually on the forehead, at the point of the Ajna chakra, or sometimes another part of the body such as the neck, hand, chest or arm. ''Tilaka'' may be worn daily or for ...

, 1972) (Indian coolie-loach) * '' Pangio incognito'' Kottelat & K. K. P. Lim, 1993 * ''

Pangio kuhlii The kuhli loach (''Pangio kuhlii'') is a small eel-like freshwater fish belonging to the Loach (fish), loach Family (biology), family (Cobitidae). They originate from Indonesia and the Malay Peninsula. This snake-like creature is very slender an ...

'' (

Valenciennes Valenciennes (, also , , ; nl, label=also Dutch, Valencijn; pcd, Valincyinnes or ; la, Valentianae) is a commune in the Nord department, Hauts-de-France, France. It lies on the Scheldt () river. Although the city and region experienced a ...

, 1846) (Kuhli loach, coolie loach) * '' Pangio lidi'' Hadiaty & Kottelat, 2009 * '' Pangio longimanus''

& Kottelat, 2010 * '' Pangio lumbriciformis''

, 2007 * '' Pangio malayana'' ( Tweedie, 1956) * '' Pangio mariarum'' ( Inger & P. K. Chin, 1962) * '' Pangio muraeniformis'' ( de Beaufort, 1933) * '' Pangio myersi'' (

Harry Harry may refer to: TV shows * ''Harry'' (American TV series), a 1987 American comedy series starring Alan Arkin * ''Harry'' (British TV series), a 1993 BBC drama that ran for two seasons * ''Harry'' (talk show), a 2016 American daytime talk show ...

, 1949) * ''

Pangio oblonga The Java loach (''Pangio oblonga'') is a species of tropical freshwater fish, an unbanded kuhli loach, native to the sandy streams of Southeast Asia. Its alternative common names include the black kuhli (loach), chocolate kuhli and cinnamon loach ...

'' (

, 1846) (Java loach) * ''

'' ( F. Hamilton, 1822) * '' Pangio piperata'' Kottelat & K. K. P. Lim, 1993 * '' Pangio pulla'' Kottelat & K. K. P. Lim, 1993 * '' Pangio robiginosa'' (Raut, 1957) * '' Pangio semicincta'' ( Fraser-Brunner, 1940) * '' Pangio shelfordii'' ( Popta, 1903) (Borneo loach) * '' Pangio signicauda''

, 2007 * '' Pangio superba'' ( T. R. Roberts, 1989)

References

* {{Taxonbar, from=Q774073 Cobitidae Taxa named by Edward Blyth