Nyman, Michael

Michael Laurence Nyman, CBE (born 23 March 1944) is an English composer, pianist, librettist, musicologist, and filmmaker. He is known for numerous film scores (many written during his lengthy collaboration with the filmmaker Peter Greenaway), and his multi-platinum soundtrack album to Jane Campion's ''The Piano''. He has written a number of operas, including '' The Man Who Mistook His Wife for a Hat''; '' Letters, Riddles and Writs''; '' Noises, Sounds & Sweet Airs''; ''Facing Goya''; '' Man and Boy: Dada''; '' Love Counts''; and ''Sparkie: Cage and Beyond''. He has written six concerti, five string quartets, and many other chamber works, many for his Michael Nyman Band. He is also a performing pianist. Nyman prefers to write opera over other forms of music.

Early life and education

Nyman was born in Stratford, London to a family of secular Jewish furriers who immigrated from Poland.

Nyman was educated at the Sir George Monoux Grammar School, Walthamstow. He studied from 1961 until 1967 at King's College London, and at the Royal Academy of Music until 1967 with Alan Bush and Thurston Dart, focusing on piano and seventeenth-century baroque music. He won the Howard Carr Memorial Prize for composition in July 1964. In 1965–66 Nyman secured a residency in Romania to study folk-song, supported by a British Council bursary.

Career

Work as music critic, 1968–1976

Nyman says he discovered his aesthetic by playing the aria "Madamina, il catalogo è questo" from Mozart's ''Don Giovanni'' on his piano in the style of Jerry Lee Lewis, which "dictated the dynamic, articulation and texture of everything I've subsequently done." It subsequently became the base for his 1977 piece ''In Re Don Giovanni.''

In 1969, Nyman provided the libretto of Harrison Birtwistle's opera '' Down by the Greenwood Side'' and directed the short film ''Love Love Love'' (based on the Beatles' "All You Need Is Love"Pwyll ap Siôn ''The Music of Michael Nyman''. Burlington, Vermont: Ashgate Publishing, 2007. p. 83). He then settled into music criticism, where he is generally acknowledged to have been the first to apply the term "minimalism" to music in a 1968 article in ''The Spectator'' magazine about the English composer Cornelius Cardew). He wrote introductions for George Frideric Handel's Concerti grossi, Op. 6, and interviewed George Brecht in 1976.. His 1976 album ''Decay Music'' was produced by Brian Eno. In 1974 Nyman published an influential book on experimental music called ''Experimental Music: Cage and Beyond'', which explored the influence of John Cage on classical composers.

Founding of Campiello Band and collaboration with Peter Greenaway, 1976–1990

In the 1970s, Nyman was a member of the Portsmouth Sinfonia – the self-described World's Worst Orchestra. He was the featured pianist on the orchestra's recording of ''Bridge Over Troubled Water'' on the Martin Lewis-produced ''20 Classic Rock Classics'' album, on which the Sinfonia gave their unique interpretations of the pop and rock repertoire of the 1950s–1970s.

In 1976, he formed the Campiello Band, which became the Michael Nyman Band, for a production of Carlo Goldoni's ''Il Campiello''. Originally made up of old instruments such as rebecs and shawms alongside more modern instruments like the saxophone to produce as loud a sound as possible without amplification, the band later switched to a fully amplified line-up of string quartet, three saxophones, trumpet, horn, bass trombone, bass guitar and piano. Many of Nyman's works are written for his ensemble, with the lineup variously altered and augmented.

One of his earliest film scores was the 1976 British sex comedy ''Keep It Up Downstairs'', followed by numerous films, many of them European art films, including eleven directed by Peter Greenaway. Nyman drew frequently on early music sources in his scores for Greenaway's films: Henry Purcell in ''The Draughtsman's Contract'' (1982) and '' The Cook, the Thief, His Wife & Her Lover'' (1989) (which included Memorial and Miserere Paraphrase), Heinrich Ignaz Franz Biber in ''A Zed & Two Noughts'' (1985), Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart in ''Drowning by Numbers'' (1988), and John Dowland in ''Prospero's Books'' (1991), largely at the request of the director. He wrote settings to various texts by Mozart for '' Letters, Riddles and Writs'', part of ''Not Mozart''.

In 1987 Nyman composed the opera '' Noises, Sounds & Sweet Airs'', for soprano, alto, tenor and instrumental ensemble (based on Nyman's score for the ballet ''La Princesse de Milan''); the opera '' The Man Who Mistook His Wife for a Hat'' (1986), based on a case-study by Oliver Sacks; and five string quartets.
He also recorded pop music with the Flying Lizards; a version of his ''Bird List'' from the soundtrack to Peter Greenaway's ''The Falls'' (1980) appears on their album ''Fourth Wall'' as "Hands 2 Take".

1990s

In 1990 he composed ''Ariel Songs'' for soprano and band; in 1993 MGV (Musique à Grande Vitesse) for band and orchestra; concertos for saxophone, piano (based on ''The Piano'' score), violin, harpsichord, trombone, and saxophone & cello recorded by John Harle and Julian Lloyd Webber;

In 1991 Nyman composed ''The Michael Nyman Songbook'' based on poetry by Paul Celan, Arthur Rimbaud, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart and William Shakespeare. His ''Six Celan Songs'' off this collection were composed for Ute Lemper, with whom he recorded the album. Ute Lemper also performed in the 1992 concert film of the same name, directed by Volker Schlöndorff.

In 1993, Nyman's popularity increased after he wrote the score to Jane Campion's award-winning 1993 film ''The Piano''. The album became a classical music best-seller with over three million copies. His soundtrack won an Ivor Novello Award, Golden Globe, BAFTA and American Film Institute award. He was nominated for a British Academy Award and a Golden Globe.
He produced a soundtrack for the silent film ''Man with a Movie Camera'' which largely reworked material he wrote for the soundtrack of the 1996 video game ''Enemy Zero''.

His forays into Hollywood were ''Gattaca'' (1997), '' Ravenous'' (1999) (with musician Damon Albarn), and ''The End of the Affair'' (1999). ''Gattaca'' was nominated for a Saturn Award for Best Music.

In 1999, Nyman created a group called Foster's Social Orchestra, which specialised in the work of Stephen Foster. One of their pieces appeared in the film '' Ravenous'' and an additional work, not used in the film, appeared on the soundtrack album.

21st century

From 2002–2005 he was a composer-in-residence at Badisches Staatstheater in Karlsruhe, Germany.

In 2000, he produced an opera on the subject of cloning on a libretto by Victoria Hardie titled ''Facing Goya'', an expansion of their one-act opera '' Vital Statistics''. The lead, a widowed art banker, is written for contralto and the role was created by Hilary Summers. His newest operas are '' Man and Boy: Dada'' (2003) and '' Love Counts'' (2005), both on libretti by Michael Hastings.

He composed the music for the children's television series '' Titch'' which is based on the books written and illustrated by Pat Hutchins.

On 7 July 2007, Nyman performed at Live Earth in Japan. Nyman began a long-term artistic collaboration with the filmmaker Max Pugh which resulted in many short art films, three experimental feature documentaries and a number of video installations. In 2008 Nyman realised, in collaboration with the cultural association Volumina, ''Sublime'', an artist's book that unified his music with his passion for photography.

In October 2009, Nyman released ''The Glare'', a collaborative collection of songs with David McAlmont. The album – recorded with the Michael Nyman Band – finds McAlmont putting lyrics based on contemporary news stories to 11 pieces of Nyman music drawn from different phases of his career.

In 2012, he made a soundtrack for film, ''Everyday''. Keith H. Yoo in 2012 commissioned Nyman to write a 26-minute piano quintet in four movements titled ''Through the Only Window''. It premiered at the gala dinner for his father Yoo Byung-eun's photographic exhibition "Through My Window" in the Tuileries Garden of The Louvre in Paris on 25 June 2012. The work has been recorded by Nyman Quintet in the Abbey Road Studios, and has been released on Nyman's record label. In 2013 Nyman was again commissioned to compose a piece for Yoo Byung-eun's exhibition in the Orangerie Hall of the Palace of Versailles, and wrote the 32-minute-long symphony in four movements, Symphony No. 6"AHAE", representing the four seasons in nature as depicted by Ahae, a pseudonym for Yoo Byung-eun. The London Symphony Orchestra premiered both pieces at L'Opéra of the Palace of Versailles in Paris on 8 September 2013 under the baton of the composer. They were also recorded.
In 2015 he performed in Dziga Vertov's ''Man with a Movie Camera'' at the Potemkin Stairs. The show was part of the 6th Odessa International Film Festival and gathered approximately 15,000 spectators.

Personal life

He was married to Aet Nyman (née Toome), with whom he has two daughters, Molly and Martha. His first string quartet quotes "Unchained Melody" in homage to Aet, who appears in Greenaway's ''The Falls'', for which he also composed music. Molly is also a composer and in collaboration with Harry Escott has written several film scores, including for ''The Road to Guantanamo'' by her father's frequent collaborator Michael Winterbottom. Martha is a development researcher for the BBC
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