Marcus Nonius Sufenas, denarius, 57 BC, RRC 421-1

The gens Nonia was a

plebeian In ancient Rome, the plebeians (also called plebs) were the general body of free Roman citizens who were not patricians, as determined by the census, or in other words " commoners". Both classes were hereditary. Etymology The precise origins of ...

family at

ancient Rome In modern historiography, ancient Rome refers to Roman civilisation from the founding of the city of Rome in the 8th century BC to the collapse of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century AD. It encompasses the Roman Kingdom (753–509 B ...

. Its members first appear in history toward the end of the

Republic A republic () is a "state in which power rests with the people or their representatives; specifically a state without a monarchy" and also a "government, or system of government, of such a state." Previously, especially in the 17th and 18th c ...

. The first of the Nonii to obtain the

consulship A consul held the highest elected political office of the Roman Republic ( to 27 BC), and ancient Romans considered the consulship the second-highest level of the ''cursus honorum'' (an ascending sequence of public offices to which politic ...

was Lucius Nonius Asprenas in 36 BC. From then until the end of the fourth century, they regularly held the highest offices of the Roman state.''Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology'', vol. II, p. 1207 ("

Nonia Gens The gens Nonia was a plebeian family at ancient Rome. Its members first appear in history toward the end of the Roman Republic, Republic. The first of the Nonii to obtain the Roman consul, consulship was Lucius Nonius Asprenas (consul 36 BC), Lu ...

").

Origin

The nomen ''Nonius'' is a patronymic surname, based on the

praenomen The ''praenomen'' (; plural: ''praenomina'') was a personal name chosen by the parents of a Roman child. It was first bestowed on the ''dies lustricus'' (day of lustration), the eighth day after the birth of a girl, or the ninth day after the bi ...

'' Nonus'', presumably belonging to an ancestor of the

gens In ancient Rome, a gens ( or , ; plural: ''gentes'' ) was a family consisting of individuals who shared the same Roman naming conventions#Nomen, nomen and who claimed descent from a common ancestor. A branch of a gens was called a ''stirps'' (p ...

. The name is undoubtedly

Latin Latin (, or , ) is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. Latin was originally a dialect spoken in the lower Tiber area (then known as Latium) around present-day Rome, but through the power of the ...

, although the first of the Nonii to rise to prominence at Rome is said to have come from

Picenum Picenum was a region of ancient Italy. The name is an exonym assigned by the Romans, who conquered and incorporated it into the Roman Republic. Picenum was ''Regio V'' in the Augustan territorial organization of Roman Italy. Picenum was also ...

. Another branch of the family seems to have come from

Aesernia Isernia () or, in Pliny and later writers, ''Eserninus'', or in the Antonine Itinerary, ''Serni''. is a town and ''comune'' in the southern Italian region of Molise, and the capital of province of Isernia. Geography Situated on a rocky crest r ...

Praenomina

The chief praenomina of the Nonii were ''

Lucius Lucius ( el, Λούκιος ''Loukios''; ett, Luvcie) is a male given name derived from ''Lucius'' (abbreviated ''L.''), one of the small group of common Latin forenames (''praenomina'') found in the culture of ancient Rome. Lucius derives from L ...

, Marcus'', and '' Publius'', all of which were used by the Nonii Asprenates, while the Quinctiliani used ''Lucius'' and ''

Sextus Sextus is an ancient Roman '' praenomen'' or "first name". Its standard abbreviation is Sex., and the feminine form would be Sexta. It is one of the numeral ''praenomina'', like Quintus ("fifth") and Decimus ("tenth"), and means "sixth". Althoug ...

'', the latter coming from the

Quinctilii The gens Quinctilia, also written Quintilia, was a patrician family at ancient Rome, dating from the earliest period of Roman history, and continuing well into imperial times. Despite its great antiquity, the gens never attained much historical im ...

, in the maternal line. The Nonii Galli used ''Marcus'' and ''

Gaius Gaius, sometimes spelled ''Gajus'', Kaius, Cajus, Caius, was a common Latin praenomen; see Gaius (praenomen). People *Gaius (jurist) (), Roman jurist *Gaius Acilius *Gaius Antonius *Gaius Antonius Hybrida *Gaius Asinius Gallus *Gaius Asinius Pol ...

'', while the Macrini used ''Marcus'' and ''Publius''. Other praenomina occasionally appear among Nonii whose connection to the main branches of the family, if any, is unknown, including ''

Aulus Aulus (abbreviated A.) is one of the small group of common forenames found in the culture of ancient Rome. The name was traditionally connected with Latin ''aula'', ''olla'', "palace", but this is most likely a false etymology. ''Aulus'' in fact p ...

, Gnaeus'', and ''

Quintus Quintus is a male given name derived from '' Quintus'', a common Latin forename (''praenomen'') found in the culture of ancient Rome. Quintus derives from Latin word ''quintus'', meaning "fifth". Quintus is an English masculine given name and ...

''. ''

Titus Titus Caesar Vespasianus ( ; 30 December 39 – 13 September 81 AD) was Roman emperor from 79 to 81. A member of the Flavian dynasty, Titus succeeded his father Vespasian upon his death. Before becoming emperor, Titus gained renown as a mili ...

'' is given in some sources as the earliest ancestor of the Asprenates, solely from the

filiation Filiation is the legal term for the recognized legal status of the relationship between family members, or more specifically the legal relationship between parent and child. As described by the Government of Quebec: Filiation is the relationship ...

of the consul of 36 BC, but this is very uncertain, and the name is not otherwise found among the Nonii.

Branches and cognomina

The main surnames of the Nonii were ''Asprenas, Balbus, Gallus, Quinctilianus'', and ''Sufenas'', of which only the last two appear on coins. A few of the Nonii occur without surnames. ''Asprenas'', the name of the most prominent family of the Nonii, and ''Sufenas'' belong to a class of

cognomen A ''cognomen'' (; plural ''cognomina''; from ''con-'' "together with" and ''(g)nomen'' "name") was the third name of a citizen of ancient Rome, under Roman naming conventions. Initially, it was a nickname, but lost that purpose when it became here ...

apparently derived from the names of towns that can no longer be identified. ''Balbus'' was a common surname, originally given to someone with a pronounced stammer, while ''Gallus'' could signify either a

Gaul Gaul ( la, Gallia) was a region of Western Europe first described by the Romans. It was inhabited by Celtic and Aquitani tribes, encompassing present-day France, Belgium, Luxembourg, most of Switzerland, parts of Northern Italy (only during ...

or a

cockerel The chicken (''Gallus gallus domesticus'') is a domestication, domesticated junglefowl species, with attributes of wild species such as the grey junglefowl, grey and the Ceylon junglefowl that are originally from Southeastern Asia. Rooster ...

. The Nonii Asprenates emerge into history in the time of Caesar. They remained prominent through the middle of the second century, and the ''Quinctiliani'' appear to have constituted a cadet branch of this family. The Nonii Galli were the next family to appear, coming from the town of Aesernia, in the Samnite country, where a

colony In modern parlance, a colony is a territory subject to a form of foreign rule. Though dominated by the foreign colonizers, colonies remain separate from the administration of the original country of the colonizers, the ''metropole, metropolit ...

had been sent at the end of the

Third Samnite War The First, Second, and Third Samnite Wars (343–341 BC, 326–304 BC, and 298–290 BC) were fought between the Roman Republic and the Samnites, who lived on a stretch of the Apennine Mountains south of Rome and north of the Lucanian tribe. ...

. Beginning in the mid-second century there is a family with the surname ''Macrinus'', a diminutive of the cognomen ''Macro'', a Greek name meaning "great" or "large". This family distinguished itself through military and civil service, and evidently obtained

patrician Patrician may refer to: * Patrician (ancient Rome), the original aristocratic families of ancient Rome, and a synonym for "aristocratic" in modern English usage * Patrician (post-Roman Europe), the governing elites of cities in parts of medieval ...

rank, as Marcus Nonius Arrius Paulinus Aper was advanced to the office of

praetor Praetor ( , ), also pretor, was the title granted by the government of Ancient Rome to a man acting in one of two official capacities: (i) the commander of an army, and (ii) as an elected '' magistratus'' (magistrate), assigned to discharge vario ...

without having first served as

tribune of the plebs Tribune of the plebs, tribune of the people or plebeian tribune ( la, tribunus plebis) was the first office of the Roman Republic, Roman state that was open to the plebs, plebeians, and was, throughout the history of the Republic, the most importan ...

.''PIR'', vol. II, p. 409.

Members

Early Nonii

* Aulus Nonius, an opponent of

Saturninus Saturninus may refer to: * Lucius Appuleius Saturninus (died 100 BC), tribune, legislator * Gaius Sentius Saturninus, consul 19 BC, military officer, governor * Marcus Aponius Saturninus (1st century AD), governor of Moesia, and partisan of first ...

and

Glaucia In Greek mythology, Glaucia (Ancient Greek: Γλαυκία) was a daughter of the Trojan river god Scamander. Mythology When Heracles went to war against Troy, Deimachus, a Boeotian, one of the companions of Heracles, fell in love with Glaucia. B ...

, by whom he was murdered in 100 BC, when Nonius was a candidate for

. * Nonius, a friend of

Gaius Flavius Fimbria Gaius Flavius Fimbria (c. 115 – 85 BC) was a Roman general. Born to a recently distinguished senatorial family, he became one of the most violent and bloodthirsty partisans of the consul Cornelius Cinna and his ally, Gaius Marius, in the civ ...

, who called upon his soldiers to swear to support him against

Sulla Lucius Cornelius Sulla Felix (; 138–78 BC), commonly known as Sulla, was a Roman general and statesman. He won the first large-scale civil war in Roman history and became the first man of the Republic to seize power through force. Sulla had ...

in 84 BC. Notwithstanding their friendship, Nonius refused the oath. * Nonius, a

centurion A centurion (; la, centurio , . la, centuriones, label=none; grc-gre, κεντυρίων, kentyríōn, or ) was a position in the Roman army during classical antiquity, nominally the commander of a century (), a military unit of around 80 ...

, was murdered by his soldiers in 41 BC, while attempting to quell a mutiny on the

Campus Martius The Campus Martius (Latin for the "Field of Mars", Italian ''Campo Marzio'') was a publicly owned area of ancient Rome about in extent. In the Middle Ages, it was the most populous area of Rome. The IV rione of Rome, Campo Marzio, which covers ...

in 41 BC. * Nonius, placed in charge of one of the gates of Rome during the

Perusine War The Perusine War (also Perusian or Perusinian War, or the War of Perusia) was a civil war of the Roman Republic, which lasted from 41 to 40 BC. It was fought by Lucius Antonius and Fulvia to support Mark Antony against his political enemy Octav ...

, permitted Lucius Antonius to enter the city.

Nonii Sufenates

* Sextus Nonius Sufenas, praetor in 81 BC, he established the ''Ludi Victoriae Sullanae'', the games in honour of Sulla's victory. He was likely the same as Nonius who betrayed Fimbria for Sulla in 84.Crawford, ''Roman Republican Coinage'', pp. 445, 446. * Marcus Nonius Sex. f. Sufenas, ''

triumvir monetalis The ''triumvir monetalis'' ( ''tresviri'' or ''triumviri monetales'', also called the , abbreviated IIIVIR A. A. A. F. F.) was a moneyer during the Roman Republic and the Empire, who oversaw the minting of coins. In that role, he would be respons ...

'' in 59 BC. As tribune of the plebs in 56, with two of his colleagues, he prevented the comitia from being held, and new consuls elected. He was tried for this action, but acquitted. He was

''circa'' 52, and afterward governor of one of the eastern provinces, perhaps

Crete and Cyrenaica Crete and Cyrenaica ( la, Provincia Creta et Cyrenaica, Ancient Greek ) was a senatorial province of the Roman Republic and later the Roman Empire, established in 67 BC. It comprised the island of Crete and the region of Cyrenaica in present-day L ...

or Macedonia.

Nonii Strumae

* Nonius Struma, a curule magistrate, possibly aedile, in 55 BC. He proved himself unfit for his position, causing the poet

Catullus Gaius Valerius Catullus (; 84 - 54 BCE), often referred to simply as Catullus (, ), was a Latin poet of the late Roman Republic who wrote chiefly in the neoteric style of poetry, focusing on personal life rather than classical heroes. His s ...

to remark sarcastically, ''quid est, Catulle, quid moraris emori? Sella in curuli Struma Nonius sedet.'' * Nonius, the son of Struma, a senator who was said to possess an opal of immense value (2 million sesterces). According to Pliny, he was proscribed in 43 BC by the

triumvir A triumvirate ( la, triumvirātus) or a triarchy is a political institution ruled or dominated by three individuals, known as triumvirs ( la, triumviri). The arrangement can be formal or informal. Though the three leaders in a triumvirate are ...

Antonius Antonius is a masculine given name, as well as a surname. Antonius is a Danish, Dutch, Finnish, Latin, Norwegian, and Swedish name used in Greenland, Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Finland, part of the Republic of Karelia, Estonia, Belgium, Netherlands, ...

on account of his treasure. * Nonia, daughter of the proscribed senator. She married

Marcus Servilius Marcus Servilius was a Roman senator who was active during the reigns of the emperors Augustus Caesar Augustus (born Gaius Octavius; 23 September 63 BC – 19 August AD 14), also known as Octavian, was the first Roman emperor; he reigned ...

and was the mother of

Marcus Servilius Nonianus Marcus Servilius Nonianus (died in 59AD) was a Roman senator, best known as a historian. He was ordinary consul in 35 as the colleague of Gaius Cestius Gallus. Tacitus described Servilius Nonianus as a man of great eloquence and good-nature.Tac ...

Nonii Asprenates

* Lucius Nonius T.? f. Asprenas, father of the consul of 36 BC.Broughton, vol. II, p. 399. * Lucius Nonius L. f. T.? n. Asprenas, as

proconsul A proconsul was an official of ancient Rome who acted on behalf of a consul. A proconsul was typically a former consul. The term is also used in recent history for officials with delegated authority. In the Roman Republic, military command, or ' ...

in 46 BC, during the

Civil War A civil war or intrastate war is a war between organized groups within the same state (or country). The aim of one side may be to take control of the country or a region, to achieve independence for a region, or to change government policies ...

, he served under Caesar in

Africa Africa is the world's second-largest and second-most populous continent, after Asia in both cases. At about 30.3 million km2 (11.7 million square miles) including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of Earth's total surface area ...

and Spain. He was consul ''suffectus'' in 36. * Nonia L. f. Polla, married Lucius Volusius Saturninus, consul ''suffectus'' in 12 BC. * Nonius Asprenas, as tribune of the plebs in 44 BC, he tried to prevent Publius Cornelius Dolabella from receiving the province of

Asia Asia (, ) is one of the world's most notable geographical regions, which is either considered a continent in its own right or a subcontinent of Eurasia, which shares the continental landmass of Afro-Eurasia with Africa. Asia covers an area ...

after the murder of Caesar by fabricating unfavourable omens. * Lucius Nonius L. f. L. n. Asprenas, an intimate friend of

Augustus Caesar Augustus (born Gaius Octavius; 23 September 63 BC – 19 August AD 14), also known as Octavian, was the first Roman emperor; he reigned from 27 BC until his death in AD 14. He is known for being the founder of the Roman Pri ...

, was accused of poisoning the guests at a banquet he gave, and acquitted largely through the emperor's influence. * Lucius Nonius L. f. L. n. Asprenas, consul in AD 6. In AD 9, he was a

legate Legate may refer to: *Legatus, a higher ranking general officer of the Roman army drawn from among the senatorial class :*Legatus Augusti pro praetore, a provincial governor in the Roman Imperial period *A member of a legation *A representative, ...

under his uncle,

Publius Quinctilius Varus Publius Quinctilius Varus (Cremona, 46 BC – Teutoburg Forest, AD 9) was a Roman general and politician under the first Roman emperor Augustus. Varus is generally remembered for having lost three Roman legions when ambushed by Germanic tribes l ...

, who was slain in the

Battle of Teutoburg Forest The Battle of the Teutoburg Forest, described as the Varian Disaster () by Roman historians, took place at modern Kalkriese in AD 9, when an alliance of Germanic peoples ambushed Roman legions and their auxiliaries, led by Publius Quinctilius V ...

. Asprenas was able to prevent the complete destruction of the army following his uncle's death. He was proconsul of Africa in AD 14. He married Calpurnia. * Marcus Nonius Asprenas, father of the consul of AD 38. * Lucius Nonius L. f. L. n. Asprenas, consul ''suffectus'' in AD 29. * Nonius Asprenas Calpurnius Serranus, brother of Lucius, the consul of AD 29.''PIR'', vol. II, p. 411. * Publius Nonius M. f. Asprenas Calpurnius Serranus, consul in AD 38. He was slain by the bodyguard of

Caligula Gaius Julius Caesar Augustus Germanicus (31 August 12 – 24 January 41), better known by his nickname Caligula (), was the third Roman emperor, ruling from 37 until his assassination in 41. He was the son of the popular Roman general Germanicu ...

in the hunt for their master's murderers in 41, although his garments were only stained with the blood of a sacrifice he had offered in a priestly capacity.''PIR'', vol. II, pp. 410, 411. * Publius Nonius Asprenas, an orator frequently mentioned by

Seneca Seneca may refer to: People and language * Seneca (name), a list of people with either the given name or surname * Seneca people, one of the six Iroquois tribes of North America ** Seneca language, the language of the Seneca people Places Extrat ...

in his ''Controversiae''.Seneca, ''Controversiae'', 1–4, 8, 10, 11, ''ff''. * Lucius Nonius Asprenas, another orator frequently mentioned in Seneca's ''Controversiae''. * Publius Nonius Asprenas Caesianus, known from an inscription mentioning his slave, Olympus Asprenatis, and his wife. * Lucius Nonius L. f. L. n. Calpurnius Torquatus Asprenas, consul ''suffectus'' between AD 72 and 74. * Lucius Nonius L. f. L. n. Calpurnius Torquatus Asprenas, consul in AD 94, and again in 128. * Nonia L. f. L. n. Torquata, married

Quintus Volusius Saturninus Quintus Volusius Saturninus (born AD 25) was a Roman Senator who lived in the Roman Empire during the Principate. He was consul in the year 56 with Publius Cornelius Scipio as his colleague. Family background The Volusii, according to Tacitus, ...

. * Lucius Nonius Calpurnius Torquatus Asprenas, consul ''suffectus'' in September of an uncertain year, ''circa'' AD 151.

Nonii Quinctiliani

* Sextus Nonius L. f. L. n. Quinctilianus, probably the second son of Lucius Nonius Asprenas, the friend of Augustus, was consul in AD 8.''PIR'', vol. II, p. 414. * Sextus Nonius Sex. f. L. n. Quinctilianus, consul ''suffectus'' in AD 38.''

Fasti Ostienses The ''Fasti Ostienses'' are a calendar of Roman magistrates and significant events from 49 BC to AD 175, found at Ostia, the principal seaport of Rome. Together with similar inscriptions, such as the ''Fasti Capitolini'' and ''Fasti Triumphal ...

'' * Lucius Nonius Sex. f. L. n. Quinctilianus, son of the consul of AD 8, and brother of the consul of 38. * Lucius Nonius L. f. Sex. n. Quintilianus, grandson of the consul of AD 8, was an

augur An augur was a priest and official in the classical Roman world. His main role was the practice of augury, the interpretation of the will of the gods by studying the flight of birds. Determinations were based upon whether they were flying i ...

, and one of the Salii Palatinii. He died at the age of twenty-four.

Nonii Galli

* Marcus Nonius (Gallus), great-grandfather of the general Aeserninus. * Gaius Nonius M. f. (Gallus), grandfather of the general Aeserninus. * Gaius Nonius C. f. M. n. (Gallus), one of the quattuorviri quinquennalis, the municipal officials of

Samnium Samnium ( it, Sannio) is a Latin exonym for a region of Southern Italy anciently inhabited by the Samnites. Their own endonyms were ''Safinim'' for the country (attested in one inscription and one coin legend) and ''Safineis'' for the The lan ...

. * Marcus Nonius C. f. C. n. Gallus Aeserninus, consul ''suffectus'' about 35 BC, was afterward sent against the

Treveri The Trēverī (Gaulish: *''Trēueroi'') were a Celtic tribe of the Belgae group who inhabited the lower valley of the Moselle from around 150 BCE, if not earlier, until their displacement by the Franks. Their domain lay within the southern fringe ...

and

Germani The Germanic peoples were historical groups of people that once occupied Central Europe and Scandinavia during antiquity and into the early Middle Ages. Since the 19th century, they have traditionally been defined by the use of ancient and ear ...

, whom he defeated in 29. He might be the same Nonius who served under

Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus (; 29 September 106 BC – 28 September 48 BC), known in English as Pompey or Pompey the Great, was a leading Roman general and statesman. He played a significant role in the transformation of ...

during the Civil War.''PIR'', vol. II, p. 412.

Nonii Balbi

* (Marcus) Nonius Balbus,

in 32 BC, vetoed a motion devised by the consul

Gaius Sosius Gaius Sosius ( 39–17 BC) was a Roman general and politician who featured in the wars of the late Republic as a staunch supporter of Mark Antony. Under the latter's patronage he held important state offices and military commands, serving a ...

, one of

Marc Antony Marcus Antonius (14 January 1 August 30 BC), commonly known in English as Mark Antony, was a Roman politician and general who played a critical role in the transformation of the Roman Republic from a constitutional republic into the autoc ...

's supporters, which was aimed at

Octavian Caesar Augustus (born Gaius Octavius; 23 September 63 BC – 19 August AD 14), also known as Octavian, was the first Roman emperor; he reigned from 27 BC until his death in AD 14. He is known for being the founder of the Roman Pri ...

. * Marcus Nonius M. f. Balbus, married Viciria Archais, and was the father of Marcus Nonius Balbus, proconsul of

. * Marcus Nonius M. f. M. n. Balbus, had been praetor, and subsequently proconsul of Crete and Cyrenaica. He was judicial magistrate at

Herculaneum Herculaneum (; Neapolitan and it, Ercolano) was an ancient town, located in the modern-day ''comune'' of Ercolano, Campania, Italy. Herculaneum was buried under volcanic ash and pumice in the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in AD 79. Like the nea ...

, and helped restore the city after the earthquake of AD 62. He married Volasennia Tertia.''PIR'', vol. II, pp. 411, 412.

Nonii Macrini

* Marcus Nonius Macrinus, father of the

quaestor A ( , , ; "investigator") was a public official in Ancient Rome. There were various types of quaestors, with the title used to describe greatly different offices at different times. In the Roman Republic, quaestors were elected officials who ...

Macrinus. * Publius Nonius M. f. Macrinus, quaestor in AD 138. * Marcus Nonius M. f. Macrinus, one of the ''

quindecimviri sacris faciundis In ancient Rome, the were the fifteen () members of a college (''collegium'') with priestly duties. They guarded the Sibylline Books, scriptures which they consulted and interpreted at the request of the Senate. This ''collegium'' also oversaw t ...

'', was consul in AD 154, and afterward

''pro praetore'' of

Pannonia Superior Pannonia Superior, lit. Upper Pannonia, was a province of the Roman Empire. Its capital was Carnuntum. It was one on the border provinces on the Danube. It was formed in the year 103 AD by Emperor Trajan who divided the former province of Pannon ...

and

. He married Arria. This Macrinus is supposed to have been one of the historical figures who inspired the character of "Maximus Decimus Meridius" in the film

Gladiator A gladiator ( la, gladiator, "swordsman", from , "sword") was an armed combatant who entertained audiences in the Roman Republic and Roman Empire in violent confrontations with other gladiators, wild animals, and condemned criminals. Some gla ...

. * Marcus Nonius M. f. M. n. Arrius Mucianus, was, like his father and brother, one of the ''quindecimviri sacris faciundis''. He was consul in AD 201.''PIR'', vol. II, p. 413. * Marcus Nonius M. f. M. n. Arrius Paulinus Aper, one of the ''quindecimviri sacris faciundis'', like his father and brother. He was

urban prefect The ''praefectus urbanus'', also called ''praefectus urbi'' or urban prefect in English, was prefect of the city of Rome, and later also of Constantinople. The office originated under the Roman kings, continued during the Republic and Empire, and ...

, but it is not clear whether he ever became consul. His wife was (Roscia?) Pacula. * Nonia Arria Hermionilla, the wife of Sextus Valerius Poplicola Vettilianus, an eques, and grandmother of Marcus Annius Valerius Catullus.

Others

* Nonia C. f., named in an inscription found on a ''cippus'', or pedestal, in the garden of

Titianus Lucius Salvius Otho Titianus was the elder brother of the Roman Emperor Otho (reigned 69 AD). As a Roman senator, he was consul in the year 52 as the colleague of Faustus Cornelius Sulla Felix, and appointed consul as his brother's colleague for t ...

. * Nonia Antistia, named in an inscription found on a pipe. * Nonia Maxima, named in an inscription found on a pipe. * Gaius Nonius C. f. Proculus, consul ''suffectus'' in an uncertain year. * Gnaeus Nonius, an eques who was discovered wearing a sword while in a crowd around the emperor

Claudius Tiberius Claudius Caesar Augustus Germanicus (; 1 August 10 BC – 13 October AD 54) was the fourth Roman emperor, ruling from AD 41 to 54. A member of the Julio-Claudian dynasty, Claudius was born to Nero Claudius Drusus, Drusu ...

, in AD 47. * Nonius Receptus, a centurion in the twenty-second legion, who remained loyal to the emperor

Galba Galba (; born Servius Sulpicius Galba; 24 December 3 BC – 15 January AD 69) was the sixth Roman emperor, ruling from AD 68 to 69. After his adoption by his stepmother, and before becoming emperor, he was known as Livius Ocella Sulpicius Ga ...

in AD 69. He was imprisoned and put to death by his colleagues, who had taken the side of

Vitellius Aulus Vitellius (; ; 24 September 1520 December 69) was Roman emperor for eight months, from 19 April to 20 December AD 69. Vitellius was proclaimed emperor following the quick succession of the previous emperors Galba and Otho, in a year of ci ...

. * Nonius Attianus, one of the

delator Delator (plural: ''delatores'', feminine: ''delatrix'') is Latin for a denouncer, one who indicates to a court another as having committed a punishable deed. Secular Roman law In Roman history, it was properly one who gave notice (''deferre'') to ...

es in the reign of

Nero Nero Claudius Caesar Augustus Germanicus ( ; born Lucius Domitius Ahenobarbus; 15 December AD 37 – 9 June AD 68), was the fifth Roman emperor and final emperor of the Julio-Claudian dynasty, reigning from AD 54 un ...

, was punished in AD 70, following the accession of

Vespasian Vespasian (; la, Vespasianus ; 17 November AD 9 – 23/24 June 79) was a Roman emperor who reigned from AD 69 to 79. The fourth and last emperor who reigned in the Year of the Four Emperors, he founded the Flavian dynasty that ruled the Empi ...

. * Publius Nonius P. l. Olympus Asprenatus, freedman of Publius Nonius Asprenas Caesianus. * Nonia P. l. Ionica, a freedwoman, was the wife of Olympus Asprenatus. * Nonius Celer, helped arrange the marriage of Quintilianus, a friend of Pliny the Younger. * Marcus Nonius M. f. Mucianus Publius Delphius Peregrinus, consul ''suffectus'' in October of AD 138. It is uncertain whether he was related to the Nonii Macrini, among whom there was Marcus Nonius Arrius Mucianus; a Publius Nonius Macrinus was quaestor in the year of Peregrinus' consulship. * Quintus Nonius Sosius Priscus, consul in AD 149. * Nonius Bassus, consul ''suffectus'' in an uncertain year. * Lucius Nonius Bassus, prefect of the

Cohors I Brittonum milliaria Cohors rima"Augusta Nervia Pacensis" / "Aurelia" / "Flavia Malvensis" Brittonum milliaria editata'' (" st infantry 1000 strong"venerable, Nervian and peaceful" / "Aurelian" / "Flavian" cohort of Brittones") was a Roman auxiliary infantry cohort. ...

under

Antoninus Pius Antoninus Pius (Latin: ''Titus Aelius Hadrianus Antoninus Pius''; 19 September 86 – 7 March 161) was Roman emperor from 138 to 161. He was the fourth of the Five Good Emperors from the Nerva–Antonine dynasty. Born into a senatoria ...

. * Nonius Gracchus, one of the prominent Romans whom

Septimius Severus Lucius Septimius Severus (; 11 April 145 – 4 February 211) was Roman emperor from 193 to 211. He was born in Leptis Magna (present-day Al-Khums, Libya) in the Roman province of Africa (Roman province), Africa. As a young man he advanced thro ...

had put to death without cause. *

Nonia Celsa Nonia Celsa is the name given by the ''Historia Augusta'' to the wife of Roman Emperor Macrinus (and presumed mother of his son and co-emperor Diadumenian), who ruled briefly in 217–218. The name is regarded as highly dubious by modern historia ...

, wife of the emperor

Macrinus Marcus Opellius Macrinus (; – June 218) was Roman emperor from April 217 to June 218, reigning jointly with his young son Diadumenianus. As a member of the equestrian class, he became the first emperor who did not hail from the senatorial ...

, and mother of

Diadumenian Diadumenian (; la, Marcus Opellius Antoninus Diadumenianus; 14September 208 – June 218) was the son of the Roman Emperor Macrinus, and served as his co-ruler for a brief time in 218. His mother was Nonia Celsa, whose name may be fictitious. ...

. *

Nonius Philippus Nonius Philippus was a governor of Britannia Inferior, a province of Roman Britain by AD 242. Little else is known of him as he is mentioned only on a dedication at Old Carlisle Old Carlisle is a village in the civil parish of Westward in the ...

, legatus ''pro praetore'' of

Britannia Inferior Britannia Inferior (Latin for "Lower Britain") was a new province carved out of Roman Britain probably around AD 197 during the reforms of Septimius Severus although the division may have occurred later, between 211 and 220, under Caracall ...

in AD 242. * Nonius Gratilianus, a minor Roman noble, was chosen to join the collegium of Beneventum in AD 257. * Nonius Paternus, consul ''circa'' AD 279, and perhaps

praefectus urbi The ''praefectus urbanus'', also called ''praefectus urbi'' or urban prefect in English, was prefect of the city of Rome, and later also of Constantinople. The office originated under the Roman kings, continued during the Republic and Empire, and ...

in 281. *

Nonius Atticus Nonius Atticus (''floruit'' 383 – 397) was a politician of the Roman Empire. Life Nonius belonged to the senatorial aristocracy, and was a Christian, even if he was a friend of Quintus Aurelius Symmachus.Nonius received Symmachus' letters ...

, consul in AD 397. *

Nonius Marcellus Nonius Marcellus was a Roman grammarian of the 4th or 5th century AD. His only surviving work is the ''De compendiosa doctrina'', a dictionary or encyclopedia in 20 books that shows his interests in antiquarianism and Latin literature from Plautu ...

, a Latin grammarian of uncertain date, and the author of an important treatise entitled ''De Compendiosa Doctrina per Litteras ad Filium'', also known as ''De Proprietate Sermonis''. The work is itself highly disorganized, but it contains numerous quotations from notable authors whose own works have been lost.''Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology'', vol. II, pp. 937, 938 ("Nonius Marcellus").

Footnotes

References

Bibliography

Gaius Julius Caesar Gaius Julius Caesar (; ; 12 July 100 BC – 15 March 44 BC), was a Roman general and statesman. A member of the First Triumvirate, Caesar led the Roman armies in the Gallic Wars before defeating his political rival Pompey in a civil war, and ...

(attributed), ''De Bello Hispaniensis'' (On the War in Spain). *

Aulus Hirtius Aulus Hirtius (; – 43 BC) was consul of the Roman Republic in 43 BC and a writer on military subjects. He was killed during his consulship in battle against Mark Antony at the Battle of Mutina. Biography He was a legate of Julius Caesar's sta ...

(attributed), ''

De Bello Africo ''De Bello Africo'' (also ''Bellum Africum''; ''On the African War'') is a Latin work continuing Julius Caesar's accounts of his campaigns, ''De Bello Gallico'' and '' De Bello Civili'', and its sequel by an unknown author ''De Bello Alexandrin ...

'' (On the African War). *

Gaius Valerius Catullus Gaius Valerius Catullus (; 84 - 54 BCE), often referred to simply as Catullus (, ), was a Latin poet of the late Roman Republic who wrote chiefly in the neoteric style of poetry, focusing on personal life rather than classical heroes. His s ...

''Carmina''. * Titus Livius (

Livy Titus Livius (; 59 BC – AD 17), known in English as Livy ( ), was a Ancient Rome, Roman historian. He wrote a monumental history of Rome and the Roman people, titled , covering the period from the earliest legends of Rome before the traditiona ...

), ''

History of Rome The history of Rome includes the history of the city of Rome as well as the civilisation of ancient Rome. Roman history has been influential on the modern world, especially in the history of the Catholic Church, and Roman law has influenced m ...

''. *

Marcus Velleius Paterculus Marcus Velleius Paterculus (; c. 19 BC – c. AD 31) was a Roman historian, soldier and senator. His Roman history, written in a highly rhetorical style, covered the period from the end of the Trojan War to AD 30, but is most useful for the per ...

, ''Compendium of Roman History''. * Lucius Annaeus Seneca (

Seneca the Elder Lucius Annaeus Seneca the Elder (; c. 54 BC – c. 39 AD), also known as Seneca the Rhetorician, was a Roman writer, born of a wealthy equestrian family of Corduba, Hispania. He wrote a collection of reminiscences about the Roman schools of rheto ...

), ''Controversiae''. * Gaius Plinius Secundus (

Pliny the Elder Gaius Plinius Secundus (AD 23/2479), called Pliny the Elder (), was a Roman author, naturalist and natural philosopher, and naval and army commander of the early Roman Empire, and a friend of the emperor Vespasian. He wrote the encyclopedic '' ...

), ''

Naturalis Historia The ''Natural History'' ( la, Naturalis historia) is a work by Pliny the Elder. The largest single work to have survived from the Roman Empire to the modern day, the ''Natural History'' compiles information gleaned from other ancient authors. ...

'' (Natural History). *

Flavius Josephus Flavius Josephus (; grc-gre, Ἰώσηπος, ; 37 – 100) was a first-century Romano-Jewish historian and military leader, best known for ''The Jewish War'', who was born in Jerusalem—then part of Roman Judea—to a father of priestly d ...

, '' Antiquitates Judaïcae'' (Antiquities of the Jews). * Marcus Fabius Quintilianus (

Quintilian Marcus Fabius Quintilianus (; 35 – 100 AD) was a Roman educator and rhetorician from Hispania, widely referred to in medieval schools of rhetoric and in Renaissance writing. In English translation, he is usually referred to as Quintilia ...

), ''

Institutio Oratoria ''Institutio Oratoria'' (English: Institutes of Oratory) is a twelve-volume textbook on the theory and practice of rhetoric by Roman rhetorician Quintilian. It was published around year 95 AD. The work deals also with the foundational education ...

'' (Institutes of Oratory). *

Sextus Julius Frontinus Sextus Julius Frontinus (c. 40 – 103 AD) was a prominent Roman civil engineer, author, soldier and senator of the late 1st century AD. He was a successful general under Domitian, commanding forces in Roman Britain, and on the Rhine and Danube ...

, ''

De Aquaeductu ( en, On aqueducts) is a two-book official report given to the emperor Nerva or Trajan on the state of the List of aqueducts in the city of Rome, aqueducts of Rome, and was written by Sextus Julius Frontinus at the end of the 1st century AD. It ...

'' (On Aqueducts). * Gaius Plinius Caecilius Secundus (

Pliny the Younger Gaius Plinius Caecilius Secundus, born Gaius Caecilius or Gaius Caecilius Cilo (61 – c. 113), better known as Pliny the Younger (), was a lawyer, author, and magistrate of Ancient Rome. Pliny's uncle, Pliny the Elder, helped raise and educate ...

), '' Epistulae'' (Letters). *

Publius Cornelius Tacitus Publius Cornelius Tacitus, known simply as Tacitus ( , ; – ), was a Roman historian and politician. Tacitus is widely regarded as one of the greatest Roman historians by modern scholars. The surviving portions of his two major works—the ...

, ''

Annales Annals are a concise form of historical writing which record events chronologically, year by year. The equivalent word in Latin and French is ''annales'', which is used untranslated in English in various contexts. List of works with titles contai ...

'', '' Historiae''. *

Plutarch Plutarch (; grc-gre, Πλούταρχος, ''Ploútarchos''; ; – after AD 119) was a Greek Middle Platonist philosopher, historian, biographer, essayist, and priest at the Temple of Apollo in Delphi. He is known primarily for his ''P ...

us, ''

Lives of the Noble Greeks and Romans Plutarch's ''Lives of the Noble Greeks and Romans'', commonly called ''Parallel Lives'' or ''Plutarch's Lives'', is a series of 48 biographies of famous men, arranged in pairs to illuminate their common moral virtues or failings, probably writt ...

''. *

Gaius Suetonius Tranquillus Gaius Suetonius Tranquillus (), commonly referred to as Suetonius ( ; c. AD 69 – after AD 122), was a Roman historian who wrote during the early Imperial era of the Roman Empire. His most important surviving work is a set of biographies ...

, ''

De Vita Caesarum ''De vita Caesarum'' (Latin; "About the Life of the Caesars"), commonly known as ''The Twelve Caesars'', is a set of twelve biographies of Julius Caesar and the first 11 emperors of the Roman Empire written by Gaius Suetonius Tranquillus. The g ...

'' (Lives of the Caesars, or The Twelve Caesars). * Appianus Alexandrinus (

Appian Appian of Alexandria (; grc-gre, Ἀππιανὸς Ἀλεξανδρεύς ''Appianòs Alexandreús''; la, Appianus Alexandrinus; ) was a Greek historian with Roman citizenship who flourished during the reigns of Emperors of Rome Trajan, Hadr ...

), ''Bellum Civile'' (The Civil War), ''Bella Mithridatica'' (The Mithridatic Wars). * Lucius Cassius Dio Cocceianus (

Cassius Dio Lucius Cassius Dio (), also known as Dio Cassius ( ), was a Roman historian and senator of maternal Greek origin. He published 80 volumes of the history on ancient Rome, beginning with the arrival of Aeneas in Italy. The volumes documented the ...

), ''Roman History''. * Aelius Lampridius, Aelius Spartianus, Flavius Vopiscus, Julius Capitolinus, Trebellius Pollio, and Vulcatius Gallicanus, ''Historia Augusta'' (

Augustan History The ''Historia Augusta'' (English: ''Augustan History'') is a late Roman collection of biographies, written in Latin, of the Roman emperors, their junior colleagues, designated heirs and usurpers from 117 to 284. Supposedly modeled on the sim ...

). * ''

Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology The ''Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology'' (1849, originally published 1844 under a slightly different title) is an encyclopedia/biographical dictionary. Edited by William Smith, the dictionary spans three volumes and 3,700 p ...

'', William Smith, ed., Little, Brown and Company, Boston (1849). * ''

Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography The ''Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography'' is the last in a series of classical dictionaries edited by the English scholar William Smith (1813–1893), following ''A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities'' and the ''Dictionary of Gr ...

'', William Smith, ed., Little, Brown and Company, Boston (1854). *

Paul von Rohden Paul von Rohden (12 December 1862, Barmen – 28 February 1939, Pieterlen) was a German-Swiss schoolteacher and historian known for his research in the field of prosopography. He was the son of theologian Ludwig von Rohden (1815–1889) and the bro ...

Elimar Klebs Elimar Klebs (15 October 1852 – 16 May 1918) was a German historian of ancient history. He was the brother of botanist Georg Klebs. Biography Klebs was born in Braunsberg (Braniewo), Prussia. He studied in Berlin under Theodor Mommsen a ...

, &

Hermann Dessau Hermann Dessau (6 April 1856, Frankfurt am Main – 12 April 1931, Berlin) was a German ancient historian and epigrapher. He is noted for a key work of textual criticism published in 1889 on the ''Historia Augusta'', which uncovered reasons to ...

, ''

Prosopographia Imperii Romani The ', abbreviated ''PIR'', is a collective historical work to establish the prosopography of high-profile people from the Roman empire. The time period covered extends from the Battle of Actium in 31 BC to the reign of Diocletian. The final volum ...

'' (The Prosopography of the Roman Empire, abbreviated ''PIR''), Berlin (1898). *

Ronald Syme Sir Ronald Syme, (11 March 1903 – 4 September 1989) was a New Zealand-born historian and classicist. He was regarded as the greatest historian of ancient Rome since Theodor Mommsen and the most brilliant exponent of the history of the Roman ...

, ''The Augustan Aristocracy'', Clarendon Press (1986). * T. Robert S. Broughton, ''The Magistrates of the Roman Republic'', American Philological Association (1952). * Ronald Syme,
The Historian Servilius Nonianus
, in ''Hermes'', 92 (1964), pp. 408-424 *

Michael Crawford Michael Patrick Smith, (born 19 January 1942), known professionally as Michael Crawford, is an English tenor, actor and comedian. Crawford is best known for playing both the hapless Frank Spencer in the sitcom ''Some Mothers Do 'Ave 'Em'' an ...

, ''Roman Republican Coinage'', Cambridge University Press (1974, 2001). * Anthony A. Barrett, ''Caligula: The Corruption of Power'', Yale University Press (2002), . * Christophe Badel, ''La noblesse de l'Empire romain: les masques et la vertu'', Champ Vallon (2005). * ''Oxford Encyclopedia of Ancient Greece and Rome'', Michael Gagarin, ed., Oxford University Press (2009). {{Refend Roman gentes

Origin

Praenomina

Branches and cognomina

Members

Early Nonii

Nonii Sufenates

Nonii Strumae

Nonii Asprenates

Nonii Quinctiliani

Nonii Galli

Nonii Balbi

Nonii Macrini

Others

See also

Footnotes

References

Bibliography