Nikšić ( cnr, Никшић, italic=no, sr-cyrl, Никшић, italic=no; ), is the second largest city in
Montenegro
)
, image_map = Europe-Montenegro.svg
, map_caption =
, image_map2 =
, capital = Podgorica
, coordinates =
, largest_city = capital
, official_languages = M ...
, with a total population of 56,970 located in the west of the country, in the centre of the spacious Nikšić field at the foot of Trebjesa Hill. It is the center of
Nikšić Municipality
Nikšić Municipality ( Montenegrin and Serbian: Opština Nikšić / Општина Никшић) is one of the municipalities of Montenegro. The municipality is located in central and northwestern region of Montenegro. The administrative centre o ...
with population of 72,443 according to 2011 census, which is the largest municipality by area and second most inhabited after
Podgorica
Podgorica (Cyrillic script, Cyrillic: Подгорица, ; Literal translation, lit. 'under the hill') is the Capital city, capital and List of cities and towns in Montenegro, largest city of Montenegro. The city was formerly known as Titograd ...
. It was also the largest municipality by area in the former Yugoslavia. It is an important industrial, cultural, and educational center.
Name
In classical antiquity, the area of Nikšić was the site of the settlement of the
Illyrian tribe of the Endirudini and was known in sources of the time as Anderba or Enderon.
The Roman Empire built a
military camp
A military camp or bivouac is a semi-permanent military base, for the lodging of an army. Camps are erected when a military force travels away from a major installation or fort during training or operations, and often have the form of large cam ...
(''castrum Anderba'') in the 4th century AD, which was known as the Ostrogothic fortress ''Anagastum'' (after 459. AD). After Slavic settlement in the region, Anagastum became Slavic ''Onogošt'', which was the name of the town and ''
župa
A župa (or zhupa, županija) is a historical type of administrative division in Southeast Europe and Central Europe, that originated in medieval South Slavic culture, commonly translated as "parish", later synonymous "kotar", commonly translate ...
'' (county) in the
Middle Ages
In the history of Europe, the Middle Ages or medieval period lasted approximately from the late 5th to the late 15th centuries, similar to the post-classical period of global history. It began with the fall of the Western Roman Empire a ...
. Onogošt was renamed as Nikšić in the middle of 15th century after the Nikšići, a Montenegrin tribe.
History
Antiquity
The region formed one of the core areas of the
Illyrian kingdom
The Illyrian Kingdom is the name of a country that existed on the Western part of the Balkan Peninsula in ancient times and represented an alliance of Illyrian tribes.
History
In southern Illyria organized realms were formed earlier ...
with its capital in
Rhizon Rhizon ( grc, Ῥίζων; la, Risinium) was a city in classical and Roman antiquity. Rhizon is the oldest settlement in the Bay of Kotor and the modern town of Risan (modern Montenegro) stands near the old city. Originally it was an Illyrian set ...
. It was inhabited by the Endirudini, who figure in the list of tribes which surrendered to
Octavian
Caesar Augustus (born Gaius Octavius; 23 September 63 BC – 19 August AD 14), also known as Octavian, was the first Roman emperor; he reigned from 27 BC until his death in AD 14. He is known for being the founder of the Roman Pri ...
in 33 BC. The Endirudini were one of the tribes who were included in the administrative reorganization of the tribal units in the early Roman Empire and became part of the Docleatae with
Doclea as their administrative center.
Middle Ages
![Anagastum](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d3/Anagastum.svg)
During the Early Middle Ages, it was located within the South Slavic (
Sklavenoi
The ' (in Latin) or ' (various forms in Greek, see below) were early Slavic tribes that raided, invaded and settled the Balkans in the Early Middle Ages and eventually became the progenitors of modern South Slavs. They were mentioned by early Byz ...
) tribal provinces of
Travunia
Travunia ( sh-Latn-Cyrl, separator=" / ", Travunija, Травунија; el, Τερβουνία, Tervounía; grc, Τερβουνία, Terbounía; la, Tribunia) was a South Slavic medieval principality that was part of Medieval Serbia (850–13 ...
or
Duklja
Duklja ( sh-Cyrl, Дукља; el, Διόκλεια, Diokleia; la, Dioclea) was a medieval South Slavic state which roughly encompassed the territories of modern-day southeastern Montenegro, from the Bay of Kotor in the west to the Bojana Ri ...
(which were under the authority of the
Serbian Principality of the
Vlastimirović dynasty
The Vlastimirović ( sr-Cyrl, Властимировић, Vlastimirovići / Властимировићи) was the first Serbian royal dynasty, named after Prince Vlastimir (ruled c. 831–851), who was recognized by the Byzantine Empire. The ...
). With the fall of the Vlastimirovići and the hinterland regions in the second half of the 10th century, Serbia was resurrected with
Stefan Vojislav
Stefan Vojislav ( sr-cyr, Стефан Војислав; gr, Στέφανος Βοϊσθλάβος; 1034–d. 1043) was the Prince of Duklja from 1040 to 1043. Beginning in the year 1018, he served as a Byzantine governor, until 1034 when he led ...
and his
Vojislavljević dynasty
The Vojislavljević ( sr-Cyrl, Војислављевић, pl. Vojislavljevići / Војислављевићи) was a Serbian medieval dynasty, named after ''archon'' Stefan Vojislav, who wrested the polities of Duklja, Travunia, Zahumlje, inner ...
, succeeded by
Stefan Nemanja
Stefan Nemanja (Serbian Cyrillic: , ; – 13 February 1199) was the Grand Prince ( Veliki Župan) of the Serbian Grand Principality (also known as Raška, lat. ) from 1166 to 1196. A member of the Vukanović dynasty, Nemanja founded the Nemanji ...
and his
Nemanjić dynasty
The House of Nemanjić ( sr-Cyrl, Немањић, Немањићи; Nemanjić, Nemanjići, ) was the most prominent dynasty of Serbia in the Middle Ages. This princely, royal, and later imperial house produced twelve Serbian monarchs, who rul ...
, at which time the Onogošt župa existed. With the
fall of the Serbian Empire
The fall of the Serbian Empire was a decades-long process in the late 14th century. Following the death of childless Emperor Stefan Uroš V in 1371, the Empire was left without an heir and the magnates, '' velikaši'', obtained the rule of its pr ...
, Onogošt came under the rule of
Kingdom of Bosnia
The Kingdom of Bosnia ( sh, Kraljevina Bosna / Краљевина Босна), or Bosnian Kingdom (''Bosansko kraljevstvo'' / Босанско краљевство), was a medieval kingdom that lasted for nearly a century, from 1377 to 1463, and ...
in 1373, and was under the rule of the
Kosača noble family
The House of Kosača ( sr-Cyrl, Косача, Kosače / Косаче), somewhere Kosačić ( sr-Cyrl, Косачић, Kosačići / Косачићи), was a Bosnian medieval noble family which ruled over parts of modern-day Bosnia and Herzegovi ...
, which held territory in
Herzegovina
Herzegovina ( or ; sh-Latn-Cyrl, Hercegovina, separator=" / ", Херцеговина, ) is the southern and smaller of two main geographical region of Bosnia and Herzegovina, the other being Bosnia. It has never had strictly defined geogra ...
from 1448 until Herzegovina fell to the Ottomans.
Ottoman Empire
![27iulsah](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4d/27iulsah.jpg)
The
Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman Empire, * ; is an archaic version. The definite article forms and were synonymous * and el, Оθωμανική Αυτοκρατορία, Othōmanikē Avtokratoria, label=none * info page on book at Martin Luther University) ...
took control of Onogošt in 1465, and it stayed under control of the Turks for more than four hundred years, as a part of
Herzegovina Province. Onogošt was first referred to as "Nikšić" in a document titled ''Radonia Pribisalich de Nichsich'' printed in 1518.
Evliya Çelebi
Derviş Mehmed Zillî (25 March 1611 – 1682), known as Evliya Çelebi ( ota, اوليا چلبى), was an Ottoman explorer who travelled through the territory of the Ottoman Empire and neighboring lands over a period of forty years, recording ...
mentioned Serbs who live in the villages around Nikšić. The name "Nikšić" was used alongside Onogošt until 1767, when the name Nikšić was officially implemented after an
ayan council, a high-profile meeting of Ottoman feudal lords which was relatively common at the time.
During the later years of Ottoman occupation, the town served as a significant fortified military stronghold. During the course of Ottoman rule, a total of four
mosque
A mosque (; from ar, مَسْجِد, masjid, ; literally "place of ritual prostration"), also called masjid, is a place of prayer for Muslims. Mosques are usually covered buildings, but can be any place where prayers ( sujud) are performed, ...
s were built in Nikšić.
The first one, ''Donjogradska'', was constructed between 1695 and 1703.
A second mosque called ''Hadžidanuša'' was constructed sometime in the early 1700s by an Ottoman military captain, Hadži-Husejin Danević; it was colloquially known as the "short mosque" because it had no
minarets
A minaret (; ar, منارة, translit=manāra, or ar, مِئْذَنة, translit=miʾḏana, links=no; tr, minare; fa, گلدسته, translit=goldaste) is a type of tower typically built into or adjacent to mosques. Minarets are generally ...
.
A third mosque, known simply as "Pasha's mosque", was the largest in Nikšić. It was said to be architecturally similar to
Jashar Pasha Mosque
The Jashar Pasha Mosque is a Mosque in Prishtina, Kosovo.
It was named after Mehmet Yasar.
See also
* Historical monuments in Pristina
Historical monuments in Pristina are made up of 21 monuments out of a total of 426 protected monuments all ove ...
in
Pristina
Pristina, ; sr, / (, ) is the capital and largest city of Kosovo. The city's municipal boundaries in Pristina District form the largest urban center in Kosovo. After Tirana, Pristina has the second largest population of ethnic Albanians and ...
.
A fourth mosque called ''Hadži-Ismail's mosque'' was erected in 1807, and was the only mosque to survive the departure of the Ottoman Empire from Nikšić later that century.
Under the influence of the
First Serbian Uprising
The First Serbian Uprising ( sr, Prvi srpski ustanak, italics=yes, sr-Cyrl, Први српски устанак; tr, Birinci Sırp Ayaklanması) was an uprising of Serbs in the Sanjak of Smederevo against the Ottoman Empire from 14 February 18 ...
, in the summer of 1805, the movement of Herzegovinian Serbs wanting to start an uprising appeared in Nikšić.
The people of Nikšić relied on and cooperated with the
harambaša Harambaša ( sr-cyr, Харамбаша) was the rank for a senior commander of a ''hajduk'' band (brigand gangs).
Etymology
It is derived from Turkish word for bandit leader ( tr, haramibaşı; - "Bandit" + - "Head"), and was like some other Ot ...
s from
Popovo Polje
Popovo field ( sh-Latn-Cyrl, separator=" / ", Popovo polje, Попово поље, , ) is a ''polje'' (karstic field) in Bosnia and Herzegovina, located in a southernmost region of the country, near the Adriatic coast. Its size is .
Popovo polje ...
,
Trebinje
Trebinje ( sr-Cyrl, Требиње, ) is a city and municipality located in the Republika Srpska entity of Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is the southernmost city in Bosnia and Herzegovina and is situated on the banks of Trebišnjica river in the re ...
and Trebinje Šuma, ( sr,
Требињска шума), and calculated that 19,000 Serbs could rise up in revolt, while weapons were to arrive from Russia, via Greece. The Turks reacted to that by sending 10,000 soldiers led by pasha Kauzlarić to quell the rebellion. After the suppression of the uprising by the Turks, in which local Slavic Muslims probably took part, there was no more mention of the wider rebellion in historical sources.
In 1807, armed forces led by
Petar I Petrović-Njegoš
Petar I Petrović-Njegoš (Serbian Cyrillic: Петар I Петровић Његош; 1748 – 31 October 1830) was the ruler of the Prince-Bishopric of Montenegro as the Metropolitan (''vladika'') of Cetinje, and Exarch (legate) of the Serbi ...
along with 1,000
Russian troops attempted to take Nikšić, but Ottoman forces prevailed.
On July 18, 1876, the
Principality of Montenegro
The Principality of Montenegro ( sr, Књажевина Црна Горa, Knjaževina Crna Gora) was a principality in Southeastern Europe that existed from 13 March 1852 to 28 August 1910. It was then proclaimed a kingdom by Nikola I, who then ...
defeated Ottoman forces in the
Battle of Vučji Do
The Battle of Vučji Do ( sr-cyr, Битка код Вучјег дола) was a major battle of the Montenegrin-Ottoman War of 1876-78 that took place on 18 July 1876 in Vučji Do, Montenegro, fought between the combined forces of Montenegr ...
in the western edge of the
municipality of Nikšić
A municipality is usually a single administrative division having corporate status and powers of self-government or jurisdiction as granted by national and regional laws to which it is subordinate.
The term ''municipality'' may also mean the go ...
. On 27 August 1877, the rest of Nikšić was taken by the
Montenegrin Army under the command of Vojvoda
Mašo Vrbica
Mašo Vrbica ( sr-Cyrl, Машо Врбица; 1833 in Vrba – 10 May 1898 in Banja Luka) was a Montenegrin '' vojvoda'' and military commander.
Biography
He graduated from the Mikhailovskaya Artillery Military Academy in St. Petersburg.
After ...
after a 47-day siege against the Ottoman authorities.
English archaeologist
Arthur Evans
Sir Arthur John Evans (8 July 1851 – 11 July 1941) was a British archaeologist and pioneer in the study of Aegean civilization in the Bronze Age. He is most famous for unearthing the palace of Knossos on the Greek island of Crete. Based on t ...
witnessed the negotiations between
Nicholas I of Montenegro
Nikola I Petrović-Njegoš ( sr-cyr, Никола I Петровић-Његош; – 1 March 1921) was the last monarch of Montenegro from 1860 to 1918, reigning as prince from 1860 to 1910 and as the country's first and only king from 1910 to 19 ...
(Nikola I) and the remaining Bosniaks (Muslims) after the siege, and subsequently wrote about them in his diary:
Principality and Kingdom of Montenegro (1877–1918)
Nikšić was officially recognized as a part of the
Principality of Montenegro
The Principality of Montenegro ( sr, Књажевина Црна Горa, Knjaževina Crna Gora) was a principality in Southeastern Europe that existed from 13 March 1852 to 28 August 1910. It was then proclaimed a kingdom by Nikola I, who then ...
in the
Treaty of Berlin. The small Ottoman hamlet began to transform into a modern urban settlement. The first urban plan was adopted in 1883, commissioned by
King Nikola
Nikola I Petrović-Njegoš ( sr-cyr, Никола I Петровић-Његош; – 1 March 1921) was the last monarch of Montenegro from 1860 to 1918, reigning as prince from 1860 to 1910 and as the country's first and only king from 1910 to 19 ...
, who appointed
Croatian architect Josip Slade to develop the city planning.
In addition to designing contemporary Nikšić, he also designed the monumental
Carev Most nearby.
Kingdom of Yugoslavia (1918–1941)
The ousting of
King Nikola
Nikola I Petrović-Njegoš ( sr-cyr, Никола I Петровић-Његош; – 1 March 1921) was the last monarch of Montenegro from 1860 to 1918, reigning as prince from 1860 to 1910 and as the country's first and only king from 1910 to 19 ...
and the context of the transition to the
Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes
The Kingdom of Yugoslavia ( sh-Latn-Cyrl, separator=" / ", Kraljevina Jugoslavija, Краљевина Југославија; sl, Kraljevina Jugoslavija) was a state in Southeast and Central Europe that existed from 1918 until 1941. From 1918 ...
resulted in considerable tension and even violence in Nikšić. On December 23, 1918, Nikšić was the site of a skirmish between
Montenegrin Greens
The Greens ( sh-Cyrl-Latn, Зеленаши, Zelenaši) were a group of loyalists of King Nikola of Montenegro. They originated from the members of the True People's Party and were most notable for instigating the Christmas Uprising of 1919. The ...
and Serbian troops under the command of Dragan Milutinović. The Greens had launched an attack on Nikšić during the
Christmas Uprising, although Serbian forces prevailed.
[ Živko Andrijašević. ''Istorija Crne Gore''. July 2015. p. 261.] Even after the Christmas Uprising ended, some Montenegrin Greens continued a resistance against the Yugoslav government for many years. On December 28, 1923, 11 Montenegrin "Komiti" who continued guerilla activities after the Christmas Uprising were executed in Nikšić by the Serbian Gendarmery.
Nikšić saw the establishment of rail transport during the Kingdom of Yugoslavia. On July 12, 1938, after thirteen years of on-and-off construction, the first train arrived from
Bileća
Bileća ( sr-cyrl, Билећа) is a town and municipality located in Republika Srpska, an entity of Bosnia and Herzegovina. As of 2013, the town has a population of 7,476 inhabitants, while the municipality has 10,807 inhabitants.
History
...
at the newly constructed railway station in Nikšić.
A gate was decorated in front of the new station, on which a portrait of
King Petar II was installed with "Long Live Yugoslavia!" written under the portrait.
Approximately 5,000 people waited for the first train to arrive, even when its arrival was delayed by two hours on a hot day.
During the delay, much of the public was reportedly impatient, with two war veterans leading a
kolo dance on the railroad tracks before the train arrived.
World War II
During
World War II
World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposin ...
, Nikšić was first occupied by the
Italian governorate in Montenegro. The occupation resulted in several insurrections, with one of the earliest started by the
Yugoslav Partisans
The Yugoslav Partisans,Serbo-Croatian, Macedonian, Slovene: , or the National Liberation Army, sh-Latn-Cyrl, Narodnooslobodilačka vojska (NOV), Народноослободилачка војска (НОВ); mk, Народноослобод ...
. The first Partisan advances were violently repressed, as Nikšić became the site of a large number of
public execution
A public execution is a form of capital punishment which "members of the general public may voluntarily attend." This definition excludes the presence of only a small number of witnesses called upon to assure executive accountability. The purpose ...
s, including those of notable communists
Ljubo Čupić
Čedomir "Ljubo" Čupić ( sr-cyr, Чедомир Љубо Чупић; 1913 – 9 May 1942) was a Yugoslav law student, political commissioner of Communist resistance movement in Nikšić, Montenegro and a decorated war hero of Yugoslavia.
He b ...
and 16-year old Joka Baletić.
Over the course of April 7–8, 1944, Nikšić was bombed by the
Royal Air Force
The Royal Air Force (RAF) is the United Kingdom's air and space force. It was formed towards the end of the First World War on 1 April 1918, becoming the first independent air force in the world, by regrouping the Royal Flying Corps (RFC) and ...
, using
Vickers Wellington
The Vickers Wellington was a British twin-engined, long-range medium bomber. It was designed during the mid-1930s at Brooklands in Weybridge, Surrey. Led by Vickers-Armstrongs' chief designer Rex Pierson; a key feature of the aircraft is its g ...
long-range bombers.
One of the
Yugoslav Partisans
The Yugoslav Partisans,Serbo-Croatian, Macedonian, Slovene: , or the National Liberation Army, sh-Latn-Cyrl, Narodnooslobodilačka vojska (NOV), Народноослободилачка војска (НОВ); mk, Народноослобод ...
' commanders in Montenegro,
Peko Dapčević
Petar "Peko" Dapčević (Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: Петар Пеко Дапчевић; 25 June 1913 – 13 February 1999) was a Yugoslav communist who fought as a volunteer in the Spanish Civil War, joined the Partisan uprising in Montenegr ...
, requested to
Josip Broz Tito
Josip Broz ( sh-Cyrl, Јосип Броз, ; 7 May 1892 – 4 May 1980), commonly known as Tito (; sh-Cyrl, Тито, links=no, ), was a Yugoslav communist revolutionary and statesman, serving in various positions from 1943 until his deat ...
that
allied forces bomb Nikšić in order to force out the
Nazi occupation
German-occupied Europe refers to the sovereign countries of Europe which were wholly or partly occupied and civil-occupied (including puppet governments) by the military forces and the government of Nazi Germany at various times between 1939 ...
.
The recorded number of casualties from the bombing raid vary depending on different sources, ranging from approximately 200
to 500 killed.
SFR Yugoslavia (1945–1991)
After the end of World War II, Nikšić became the site of unprecedented industrial and political developments. On September 24, 1948, six unmarked
Supermarine Spitfire
The Supermarine Spitfire is a British single-seat fighter aircraft used by the Royal Air Force and other Allied countries before, during, and after World War II. Many variants of the Spitfire were built, from the Mk 1 to the Rolls-Royce Grif ...
aircraft landed at
Kapino Polje Airport, where they were retrofitted and delivered to the
Israeli Air Force
The Israeli Air Force (IAF; he, זְרוֹעַ הָאֲוִיר וְהֶחָלָל, Zroa HaAvir VeHahalal, tl, "Air and Space Arm", commonly known as , ''Kheil HaAvir'', "Air Corps") operates as the aerial warfare branch of the Israel Defense ...
in a secret operation.
During the operation, the airport was quarantined from the public by
Yugoslavia's State Security Administration.
The unmarked aircraft were flown by pilots from the
Israeli Air Force
The Israeli Air Force (IAF; he, זְרוֹעַ הָאֲוִיר וְהֶחָלָל, Zroa HaAvir VeHahalal, tl, "Air and Space Arm", commonly known as , ''Kheil HaAvir'', "Air Corps") operates as the aerial warfare branch of the Israel Defense ...
, and three of them were used in the
1948 Arab–Israeli War
The 1948 (or First) Arab–Israeli War was the second and final stage of the 1948 Palestine war. It formally began following the end of the British Mandate for Palestine at midnight on 14 May 1948; the Israeli Declaration of Independence had ...
less than a month after delivery.
One of the biggest changes in Nikšić were the construction of new factories, particularly the metal processing plant "Boris Kidrič", which
Josip Broz Tito
Josip Broz ( sh-Cyrl, Јосип Броз, ; 7 May 1892 – 4 May 1980), commonly known as Tito (; sh-Cyrl, Тито, links=no, ), was a Yugoslav communist revolutionary and statesman, serving in various positions from 1943 until his deat ...
first visited in May 1959. Tito visited the Boris Kidrič plant again on May 12, 1969, after it was reported that the plant recorded a positive net revenue for the previous quarter-year for the first time since its establishment.
During his second visit to Nikšić, Tito insisted that negative business results be addressed by modernizing machinery in the factory, as opposed to placing responsibility solely on workers.
By 1985, the Boris Kidrič metal works employed over 6,500 workers, although that year two
strikes took place.
Chronic inflation of the Yugoslav dinar had already begun, and the metal works were dependent on imports in order to produce. This added pressure to raise prices of steel products, which in turn made them less competitive with steel from western Europe.
The city population was increased tenfold, and Nikšić became the heart of Montenegrin industrial complex. During the
socialist republic
Socialism is a left-wing economic philosophy and movement encompassing a range of economic systems characterized by the dominance of social ownership of the means of production as opposed to private ownership. As a term, it describes the ec ...
era, the city flourished, as
steel
Steel is an alloy made up of iron with added carbon to improve its strength and fracture resistance compared to other forms of iron. Many other elements may be present or added. Stainless steels that are corrosion- and oxidation-resistant ty ...
and
iron
Iron () is a chemical element with symbol Fe (from la, ferrum) and atomic number 26. It is a metal that belongs to the first transition series and group 8 of the periodic table. It is, by mass, the most common element on Earth, right in f ...
works,
bauxite
Bauxite is a sedimentary rock with a relatively high aluminium content. It is the world's main source of aluminium and gallium. Bauxite consists mostly of the aluminium minerals gibbsite (Al(OH)3), boehmite (γ-AlO(OH)) and diaspore (α-AlO(O ...
mines, electricity production,
brewery
A brewery or brewing company is a business that makes and sells beer. The place at which beer is commercially made is either called a brewery or a beerhouse, where distinct sets of brewing equipment are called plant. The commercial brewing of be ...
and
wood processing
Wood processing is an engineering discipline in the wood industry comprising the production of forest products, such as pulp and paper, construction materials, and tall oil. Paper engineering is a subfield of wood processing.
The major wood pro ...
industries were set up in and around the city.
During the Yugoslav Wars
With the
breakup of Yugoslavia
The breakup of Yugoslavia occurred as a result of a series of political upheavals and conflicts during the early 1990s. After a period of political and economic crisis in the 1980s, constituent republics of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yu ...
, Nikšić was hit hard with the hyperinflation of the
Yugoslav dinar
The dinar (Cyrillic script: динар) was the currency of the three Yugoslav states: the Kingdom of Yugoslavia (formerly the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes), the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, and the Federal Republic of Yu ...
,
international sanctions
International sanctions are political and economic decisions that are part of diplomatic efforts by countries, multilateral or regional organizations against states or organizations either to protect national security interests, or to protect in ...
, and overall decline throughout Yugoslavia during the 1990s. Nikšić had a large amount of reservists in the
Yugoslav People's Army
The Yugoslav People's Army (abbreviated as JNA/; Macedonian and sr-Cyrl-Latn, Југословенска народна армија, Jugoslovenska narodna armija; Croatian and bs, Jugoslavenska narodna armija; sl, Jugoslovanska ljudska a ...
. Between 62
and 77
JNA soldiers killed in the
Yugoslav Wars
The Yugoslav Wars were a series of separate but related#Naimark, Naimark (2003), p. xvii. ethnic conflicts, wars of independence, and Insurgency, insurgencies that took place in the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, SFR Yugoslavia from ...
were from Nikšić alone.
Political tension in Nikšić was polarized between Serbian nationalist and Montenegrin secessionist groups. Although Nikšić did not experience violence from the war in neighboring Bosnia, there were some extraordinary incidents. In the fall of 1992,
Vojislav Šešelj
Vojislav Šešelj ( sr-Cyrl, Војислав Шешељ, ; born 11 October 1954) is a Serbian politician, founder and president of the far-right Serbian Radical Party (SRS); he was convicted of war crimes by the International Criminal Tribuna ...
planned to hold
Serbian Radical Party
The Serbian Radical Party ( sr-cyrl, Српска радикална странка, Srpska radikalna stranka, ''SRS'') is an ultranationalist political party in Serbia. It was founded in 1991, and its founder and current leader is Vojislav Še ...
rally in Nikšić.
However, a local named Brano Mićunović plotted to assassinate Šešelj outside of a tunnel upon entering Nikšić, and Šešelj ultimately cancelled the meeting after hearing about the plot.
In June 1993, Hadži-Ismail's mosque was destroyed during unrest.
['']Vreme
''Vreme'' ( Serbian for ''Time'') is a weekly news magazine based in Belgrade, Serbia.
History
Launch
In 1990, dissatisfied with the media climate in SR Serbia, SFR Yugoslavia's largest constituent unit, a group of liberal Serbian intellectuals, ...
''. June 7, 1993. p. 29
Years of wartime tension and widespread poverty took a toll on the city. In 1996, Nikšić recorded the second-most suicides out of any city in
Yugoslavia
Yugoslavia (; sh-Latn-Cyrl, separator=" / ", Jugoslavija, Југославија ; sl, Jugoslavija ; mk, Југославија ;; rup, Iugoslavia; hu, Jugoszlávia; rue, label=Pannonian Rusyn, Югославия, translit=Juhoslavija ...
.
After a period of twenty days during which six suicides and two murders took place, clergymen in Nikšić decided to start an annual public liturgy, or ''Litija'', which was attended by tens of thousands of worshipers who walked all the way from the
Ostrog Monastery
The Ostrog Monastery ( sr, Манастир Острог, Manastir Ostrog, ) is a monastery of the Serbian Orthodox Church situated against an almost vertical background, high up in the large rock of Ostroška Greda, in Montenegro. It is dedicate ...
in May 1996.
Local administration
Municipal parliament
The municipal parliament consists of 41 deputies elected directly for a four-year term.
Mayor
''Mayor of Nikšić'' is the head of the town and municipality of Nikšić. He acts on behalf of the town, and performs an executive function in the municipality of Nikšić. Current mayor is
Marko Kovačević
Marko Kovačević (; born 9 May 1988) is a Montenegrin Serb politician serving as the Mayor of Nikšić since 10 May 2021 and the spokesperson of the New Serb Democracy. Prior to this he was a member of the Parliament of Montenegro.
Biography E ...
, member of the right-wing
Democratic Front.
''List of Mayors since introduction of multi-party system (1990–present):''
* Milorad Drljević (
DPS
DPS may refer to:
Schools United States
* Dalton Public Schools, the public school district in Dalton, Georgia
* Dearborn Public Schools, the public school district in Dearborn, Michigan
* Decatur Public Schools District 61, the public school sys ...
) (1990–2002)
* Vera Miljanić (
LSCG
Liberal Alliance of Montenegro ( cnr, italic=no, Liberalni savez Crne Gore - LSCG; Либерални савез Црне Горе - ЛСЦГ) was a Montenegrin separatist, liberal and anti-war political party, active between 1990 and 2005. The ...
) (2002–2003)
* Labud Šljukić (
LSCG
Liberal Alliance of Montenegro ( cnr, italic=no, Liberalni savez Crne Gore - LSCG; Либерални савез Црне Горе - ЛСЦГ) was a Montenegrin separatist, liberal and anti-war political party, active between 1990 and 2005. The ...
) (2003–2005)
* Nebojša Radojičić (
DPS
DPS may refer to:
Schools United States
* Dalton Public Schools, the public school district in Dalton, Georgia
* Dearborn Public Schools, the public school district in Dearborn, Michigan
* Decatur Public Schools District 61, the public school sys ...
) (2005–2014)
* Veselin Grbović (
DPS
DPS may refer to:
Schools United States
* Dalton Public Schools, the public school district in Dalton, Georgia
* Dearborn Public Schools, the public school district in Dearborn, Michigan
* Decatur Public Schools District 61, the public school sys ...
) (2014–2020)
*
Milutin Simović (
DPS
DPS may refer to:
Schools United States
* Dalton Public Schools, the public school district in Dalton, Georgia
* Dearborn Public Schools, the public school district in Dearborn, Michigan
* Decatur Public Schools District 61, the public school sys ...
) (2020–2021)
*
Marko Kovačević
Marko Kovačević (; born 9 May 1988) is a Montenegrin Serb politician serving as the Mayor of Nikšić since 10 May 2021 and the spokesperson of the New Serb Democracy. Prior to this he was a member of the Parliament of Montenegro.
Biography E ...
(
DF) (2020–present)
Geography
![Krupac (Nikšić) 01](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f3/Krupac_%28Nik%C5%A1i%C4%87%29_01.jpg)
Nikšić is situated in north-central Montenegro. It is located at the centre of the spacious ''Nikšić field'' (''Nikšićko polje''), a
karst plain with an area of 48 km
2, and an elevation of 640 m
AMSL
Height above mean sea level is a measure of the vertical distance (height, elevation or altitude) of a location in reference to a historic mean sea level taken as a vertical datum. In geodesy, it is formalized as ''orthometric heights''.
The comb ...
. The plain is surrounded by inhospitable rocky mountainous terrain, a typical landscape of western Montenegro. The city itself is located at the foot of the ''Trebjesa'' hill.
Zeta
Zeta (, ; uppercase Ζ, lowercase ζ; grc, ζῆτα, el, ζήτα, label= Demotic Greek, classical or ''zē̂ta''; ''zíta'') is the sixth letter of the Greek alphabet. In the system of Greek numerals, it has a value of 7. It was derived f ...
river originates in the ''Nikšić field'', and flows near the city of Nikšić, before it becomes a
subterranean river
A subterranean river is a river that runs wholly or partly beneath the ground surface – one where the riverbed does not represent the surface of the Earth. It is distinct from an aquifer, which may flow like a river but is contained within a per ...
south of the city. The river caused frequent flooding of the plain, until the construction of
Hydroelectric power plant
Hydroelectricity, or hydroelectric power, is electricity generated from hydropower (water power). Hydropower supplies one sixth of the world's electricity, almost 4500 TWh in 2020, which is more than all other renewable sources combined and ...
''Perućica'' in 1960. The construction of the power plant resulted in creation of three large
artificial lakes
A reservoir (; from French ''réservoir'' ) is an enlarged lake behind a dam. Such a dam may be either artificial, built to store fresh water or it may be a natural formation.
Reservoirs can be created in a number of ways, including contro ...
near the city - ''Krupac Lake'', ''Slano Lake'' and ''Vrtac Lake''. Today, the lakes are a popular recreation and relaxation retreats for the citizens of Nikšić.
Climate
Under the
Köppen climate classification
The Köppen climate classification is one of the most widely used climate classification systems. It was first published by German-Russian climatologist Wladimir Köppen (1846–1940) in 1884, with several later modifications by Köppen, notabl ...
, Nikšić has an
oceanic climate
An oceanic climate, also known as a marine climate, is the humid temperate climate sub-type in Köppen classification ''Cfb'', typical of west coasts in higher middle latitudes of continents, generally featuring cool summers and mild winters ( ...
(''Cfb''), which is influenced by the
Mediterranean climate
A Mediterranean climate (also called a dry summer temperate climate ''Cs'') is a temperate climate sub-type, generally characterized by warm, dry summers and mild, fairly wet winters; these weather conditions are typically experienced in the ...
drying trend during summer.
The average temperature in January is , while in July it is . Average humidity amounts to 69%. Nikšić receives 2,238 hours of sunshine per year, with warm and moderately wet summers, and cool and rainy winters. On average, there are 19 days per year with snowfall.
Cityscape
![Nikšić, Montenegro - town centre 3](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/23/Nik%C5%A1i%C4%87%2C_Montenegro_-_town_centre_3.jpg)
Although Nikšić area has seen human settlements since antiquity, most of the modern Nikšić is a
planned city
A planned community, planned city, planned town, or planned settlement is any community that was carefully planned from its inception and is typically constructed on previously undeveloped land. This contrasts with settlements that evolve ...
. Very little remains of the
Ottoman architectural heritage, despite the long presence of
Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman Empire, * ; is an archaic version. The definite article forms and were synonymous * and el, Оθωμανική Αυτοκρατορία, Othōmanikē Avtokratoria, label=none * info page on book at Martin Luther University) ...
in the area. The city layout visible today still follows the 1883 urban plan commissioned by
King Nicholas and designed by
Croatian architect Josip Slade.
According to this plan, the streets of Nikšić radiate to the north and east from the central city square (today a
roundabout
A roundabout is a type of circular intersection or junction in which road traffic is permitted to flow in one direction around a central island, and priority is typically given to traffic already in the junction.''The New Shorter Oxford En ...
), locally known as ''Skver''. The radial streets are intersected by circumferential streets and avenues, thus creating a half-
spider web
A spider web, spiderweb, spider's web, or cobweb (from the archaic word '' coppe'', meaning "spider") is a structure created by a spider out of proteinaceous spider silk extruded from its spinnerets, generally meant to catch its prey.
Spid ...
-like street layout.
Layers of different architectural styles and urban patterns are evident along the radial network of streets. Thus, closest to the central roundabout is the historical core of Nikšić, formed after the liberation from Ottoman Empire, and serving as a nucleus for Slade's urban plan. This area, on the foot of ''Trebjesa Hill'', is home to ''
King Nicholas Palace'', City Park, and ''
Freedom Square'', main city square located along the central ''
Njegoševa Street''. The area is composed of mostly single or two storey
row housing with basic designs, an architecture typical for late 19th and early 20th centuries Montenegro. The roundabout and the surrounding area is still the focal point of activities in the city, as bus and train stations, as well as commercial and civic services are located in the area.
![Freedom Square in Niksic as seen from the south](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c8/Freedom_Square_in_Niksic_as_seen_from_the_south.jpg)
Farther from the central roundabout, the historical core is encircled with a layer of mass residential blocks, built during the
SFRY
The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, commonly referred to as SFR Yugoslavia or simply as Yugoslavia, was a country in Central and Southeast Europe. It emerged in 1945, following World War II, and lasted until 1992, with the breakup of Yugo ...
era. The building of the highrise residential blocks facilitated housing of the large population drawn to the city by rapid post-
World War II
World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposin ...
industrialisation. The SFRY era apartment blocks are still home for the majority of residents of Nikšić.
Beyond the blocks, the city expanded in form of a
suburban
A suburb (more broadly suburban area) is an area within a metropolitan area, which may include commercial and mixed-use, that is primarily a residential area. A suburb can exist either as part of a larger city/urban area or as a separate ...
sprawl, that consists of
detached housing
A stand-alone house (also called a single-detached dwelling, detached residence or detached house) is a free-standing residential building. It is sometimes referred to as a single-family home, as opposed to a multi-family residential dwelling ...
. Close to the city blocks and major industrial areas, the lowrise single home suburbs are built with well executed urban plans, but farther away from the center, the city expanded in a chaotic and informal way. In addition, the rural areas south of Nikšić have merged with the city, so low density suburbs extend from the city in every direction, covering much of the ''Nikšić Field''.
Culture
Although mostly perceived as an industrial center, Nikšić is also a city of rich cultural heritage. The most significant cultural institution in the city is ''Centar Za Kulturu'' (''Cultural Center''), which incorporates the city's major public cultural establishments:
* ''Zavičajni Muzej'' (''County Museum''), situated in
the former royal Palace of King Nikola, documents the historical development of the city.
* ''Nikšić art gallery''
* ''Public library'' and ''Public archive''
* ''Nikšić theater''
* ''Zahumlje'' folk music society
* ''Stari Grad Anderva'' art society
The most significant cultural event in the city is ''Septembarski Dani Kulture'' (''September days of Culture''), that is one of the most recognizable cultural happenings in Montenegro. Other annual artistic events include ''Pjesnik na korzu'' (''Poet on the promenade''), ''Međunarodni festival glumca'' (''International actors festival''), ''Međunarodni festival kamerne muzike'' (''International festival of chamber music''), ''Međunarodni festival gitare'' (''International guitar festival''). ''Lake Fest'' rock festival, held annually at Krupac lake and ''Bedem Fest'' rock festival, held at Bedem Castle are gaining ground as one of the most recognizable music festivals in the former Yugoslav region.
Nikšić is known for its distinctive cultural atmosphere and
bohemian
Bohemian or Bohemians may refer to:
*Anything of or relating to Bohemia
Beer
* National Bohemian, a brand brewed by Pabst
* Bohemian, a brand of beer brewed by Molson Coors
Culture and arts
* Bohemianism, an unconventional lifestyle, origin ...
art scene, with poet
Vitomir Nikolić
Vitomir ( pl, Witomir, sr, Витомир) is an old given name of Slavic origin.
The word is derived from two Proto-Slavic elements: ''vito'' which means "to rule" and ''mir'' which means "peace, world, prestige". The ''vit'' is also found in ...
and singers/songwriters like
Miladin Šobić
Miladin Šobić ( cg, Миладин Шобић, script=Cyrl, born 7 January 1956) is a Montenegrin poet, singer and songwriter.
He was an active performer during the late 1970s and early 1980s in SFR Yugoslavia where his prominence had a regio ...
or
Marinko Pavićević
Marinko Pavićević (Cyrillic: Маринко Павићевић), is a Montenegro, Montenegrin singer, songwriter, guitarist and poet, whose musical style incorporates elements of chanson, pop rock, Psychedelic rock, psychedelic and recital. Duri ...
as prominent representatives of the Nikšić bohemian spirit.
Živko Nikolić, a native of Nikšić, is considered the most significant Montenegrin movie director.
Media scene of Nikšić is mostly confined to
public broadcasters ''TV Nikšić'' and ''Radio Nišić'', and a number of commercial radio stations. ''Riječ'' and ''Luča'' magazines, published by ''Faculty of Philosophy'', as well as ''Poznanstva'' children magazine, are also a part of Nikšić cultural scene.
Education
Nikšić is home to 40 educational institutions. Among those are 11 nurseries, 25 elementary schools of which one is elementary music school and 4 high schools, including the Stojan Cerović Gymnasium.
Nikšić is also home to two faculties of the
University of Montenegro
The University of Montenegro ( cnr, Универзитет Црнe Горe / Univerzitet Crne Gore) is a national public university of Montenegro.
Its central administration and majority of constitutive faculties are located in the country's cap ...
:
*''
Faculty of Philosophy
A faculty is a division within a university or college comprising one subject area or a group of related subject areas, possibly also delimited by level (e.g. undergraduate). In American usage such divisions are generally referred to as colleges ...
'' - a complex educational and scientific institution which organizes undergraduate, specialist and postgraduate studies as well as doctoral studies within its main activities. Three institutes operate within the faculty:
**''Institute of philosophy and sociology''
**''Institute of language and literature'' and
**''Institute of geography''
*''
Faculty of sports and physical education''
Sports
Nikšić is regarded as one of the centers of Montenegrin sport. The
combat sports
A combat sport, or fighting sport, is a competitive contact sport that usually involves one-on-one combat. In many combat sports, a contestant wins by scoring more points than the opponent, submitting the opponent with a hold, disabling the oppo ...
are particularly popular in Nikšić, with a strong tradition in
judo
is an unarmed gendai budō, modern Japanese martial art, Olympic sport (since 1964), and the most prominent form of jacket wrestling competed internationally.『日本大百科全書』電子版【柔道】(CD-ROM version of Encyclopedia Nipponi ...
,
karate
(; ; Okinawan language, Okinawan pronunciation: ) is a martial arts, martial art developed in the Ryukyu Kingdom. It developed from the Okinawan martial arts, indigenous Ryukyuan martial arts (called , "hand"; ''tii'' in Okinawan) under the ...
and
boxing
Boxing (also known as "Western boxing" or "pugilism") is a combat sport in which two people, usually wearing protective gloves and other protective equipment such as hand wraps and mouthguards, throw punches at each other for a predetermined ...
. Nikšić judokas have been exceptionally successful at international competitions.
Sutjeska football club is the pillar of the city
soccer
Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a team sport played between two teams of 11 players who primarily use their feet to propel the ball around a rectangular field called a pitch. The objective of the game is ...
tradition. The club has risen to the
Yugoslav First League
The Yugoslav First Federal Football League ( Serbian: Прва савезна лига у фудбалу / ''Prva savezna liga u fudbalu'', hr, Prva savezna liga u nogometu, sl, Prva zvezna nogometna liga, mk, Прва сојузна лига, ...
during the
SFRY era, and is one of the most successful clubs since the
Montenegrin First League
The First League of Montenegro ( Montenegrin: ''Prva crnogorska fudbalska liga'' — ''Prva CFL'' — ''1. CFL''; ) is the top football league in Montenegro. Founded in 2006, competition is headed by the Football Association of Montenegro. 10 tea ...
was established in 2006.
City Stadium is the club's home field.
FK Čelik is also becoming more prominent as it has reached the
UEFA Europa League
The UEFA Europa League (abbreviated as UEL, or sometimes, UEFA EL), formerly the UEFA Cup, is an annual football club competition organised since 1971 by the Union of European Football Associations (UEFA) for eligible European football clubs. It ...
qualifying phase.
In basketball, not only has Nikšić produced great players (Bojan Dubljevic or Ana Pocek for example), but the local team
KK Sutjeska Nikšić
KK Sutjeska is a men's professional basketball club based in Nikšić, Montenegro. The team currently competes in Montenegrin Basketball League and regional ABA League. The club won the Montenegrin Cup in 2014.
History
KK Sutjeska was establis ...
became champions of the
Montenegrin Basketball Cup
The Montenegrin Basketball Cup is an annual cup competition for Montenegrin basketball teams held since 2007.
History
Montenegrin clubs in Yugoslav Cup
Before the Montenegrin independence in 2006, clubs from Montenegro played in national Cup ...
in 2013.
Other team sports, particularly
handball
Handball (also known as team handball, European handball or Olympic handball) is a team sport in which two teams of seven players each (six outcourt players and a goalkeeper) pass a ball using their hands with the aim of throwing it into the g ...
and
volleyball
Volleyball is a team sport in which two teams of six players are separated by a net. Each team tries to score points by grounding a ball on the other team's court under organized rules. It has been a part of the official program of the Summ ...
, are also popular in Nikšić.
Besides
City Stadium, other significant sporting venue is the ''Nikšić Sports Center''. This facility features a 3,000 seat indoor sports hall,
olympic-size swimming pool
An Olympic-size swimming pool conforms to regulated dimensions that are large enough for international competition. This type of swimming pool is used in the Olympic Games, where the race course is in length, typically referred to as "long cour ...
, 6-lane
bowling alley
A bowling alley (also known as a bowling center, bowling lounge, bowling arena, or historically bowling club) is a facility where the sport of bowling is played. It can be a dedicated facility or part of another, such as a Meetinghouse, clubhous ...
, sports
shooting range
A shooting range, firing range, gun range or shooting ground is a specialized facility, sports venue, venue or playing field, field designed specifically for firearm usage qualifications, training, practice or shooting sport, competitions. So ...
,
tennis
Tennis is a racket sport that is played either individually against a single opponent ( singles) or between two teams of two players each ( doubles). Each player uses a tennis racket that is strung with cord to strike a hollow rubber ball ...
and
futsal Futsal is a football-based game played on a hardcourt, hard court smaller than a football pitch, and mainly indoors. It has similarities to five-a-side football and Indoor soccer, indoor football.
Futsal is played between two teams of five players ...
courts, and various other facilities.
Vučje ski resort is 18 km away from the city center, making winter sports a popular recreation among the citizens of Nikšić.
Demographics
Population (city)
Nikšić is administrative centre of
Nikšić Municipality
Nikšić Municipality ( Montenegrin and Serbian: Opština Nikšić / Општина Никшић) is one of the municipalities of Montenegro. The municipality is located in central and northwestern region of Montenegro. The administrative centre o ...
, which incorporates a densely populated fertile plain called "Župa", and has a population of 72,443 (2003. census). Nikšić itself has 56,970 citizens.
Nikšić Municipality can be viewed as a
metropolitan area
A metropolitan area or metro is a region that consists of a densely populated urban agglomeration and its surrounding territories sharing industries, commercial areas, transport network, infrastructures and housing. A metro area usually com ...
of the city of Nikšić.
Economy
Nikšić is, alongside Podgorica, one of the biggest industrial centres of Montenegro. A
Steel mill
A steel mill or steelworks is an industrial plant for the manufacture of steel. It may be an integrated steel works carrying out all steps of steelmaking from smelting iron ore to rolled product, but may also be a plant where steel semi-finish ...
(''Nikšićka Željezara''),
bauxite
Bauxite is a sedimentary rock with a relatively high aluminium content. It is the world's main source of aluminium and gallium. Bauxite consists mostly of the aluminium minerals gibbsite (Al(OH)3), boehmite (γ-AlO(OH)) and diaspore (α-AlO(O ...
mine,
Trebjesa brewery (''Nikšićka Pivara''), and many more are concentrated in this city.
These big industries had struggled to survive the collapse of the
socialist economy
Socialist economics comprises the economic theories, practices and norms of hypothetical and existing socialist economic systems. A socialist economic system is characterized by social ownership and operation of the means of production that may t ...
, but have since recovered. The process of
privatization
Privatization (also privatisation in British English) can mean several different things, most commonly referring to moving something from the public sector into the private sector. It is also sometimes used as a synonym for deregulation when ...
is either finished or still in progress for some of these industries.
Today those industry giants cannot employ as many workers as they could back in the days of
Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia
The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, commonly referred to as SFR Yugoslavia or simply as Yugoslavia, was a country in Central and Southeast Europe. It emerged in 1945, following World War II, and lasted until 1992, with the breakup of Yug ...
, and the economy of Nikšić is slowly transforming into one that is more service-oriented. In 1981 Niksic's GDP per capita was 91% of the Yugoslav average.
Transport
Road
![Nikšić, Montenegro - town centre 2](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4b/Nik%C5%A1i%C4%87%2C_Montenegro_-_town_centre_2.jpg)
Nikšić's main road connection is
E762 highway, which connects Nikšić with Podgorica to the southeast, and with
Plužine
Plužine (Montenegrin Cyrillic: Плужине, ) is a town in northwestern Montenegro. In 2011 it has a population of 1,341.
Location
Town is located near the Piva lake (Pivsko) in the northwestern mountainous region of Montenegro, close to the ...
and on to the
Foča
Foča ( sr-Cyrl, Фоча, ) is a town and a municipality located in Republika Srpska in south-eastern Bosnia and Herzegovina, on the banks of Drina river. As of 2013, the town has a population of 12,234 inhabitants, while the municipality has 18 ...
and
Sarajevo
Sarajevo ( ; cyrl, Сарајево, ; ''see Names of European cities in different languages (Q–T)#S, names in other languages'') is the Capital city, capital and largest city of Bosnia and Herzegovina, with a population of 275,524 in its a ...
(
Bosnia and Hercegovina
Bosnia and Herzegovina ( sh, / , ), abbreviated BiH () or B&H, sometimes called Bosnia–Herzegovina and often known informally as Bosnia, is a country at the crossroads of south and southeast Europe, located in the Balkans. Bosnia and He ...
) to the northwest. Another recently reconstructed north/south Montenegrin road corridor passes through Nikšić, the
Risan
Risan ( Montenegrin: Рисан, ) is a town in the Bay of Kotor, Montenegro. It traces its origins to the ancient settlement of Rhizon, the oldest settlement in the Bay of Kotor.
Lying in the innermost portion of the bay, the settlement was prot ...
/
Trebinje
Trebinje ( sr-Cyrl, Требиње, ) is a city and municipality located in the Republika Srpska entity of Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is the southernmost city in Bosnia and Herzegovina and is situated on the banks of Trebišnjica river in the re ...
-Nikšić-
Šavnik
Šavnik ( cnr, Шавник, ) is a town in Montenegro and administrative center of the Šavnik Municipality. It is located at the confluence of three rivers - Bukovica, Bijela and Šavnik, at an altitude of 840 meters. It is the lowest lying set ...
-
Žabljak
Žabljak ( Serbian / Montenegrin: Жабљак, ) is a small town in northern Montenegro. It has a population of 1,723.
Žabljak is the seat of Žabljak Municipality (2011 population: 3,569). The town is in the centre of the Durmitor mountain ...
road. This road is the shortest connection Nikšić has with
Bay of Kotor
The Bay of Kotor ( Montenegrin and Serbian: , Italian: ), also known as the Boka, is a winding bay of the Adriatic Sea in southwestern Montenegro and the region of Montenegro concentrated around the bay. It is also the southernmost part of the hi ...
and Montenegrin coast. Nikšić also has the distinction of being one of the first Montenegrin towns to have a
bypass road
A bypass is a road or highway that avoids or "bypasses" a built-up area, town, or village, to let through traffic flow without interference from local traffic, to reduce congestion in the built-up area, and to improve road safety. A bypass spec ...
. The bypass, built during the
SFRY
The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, commonly referred to as SFR Yugoslavia or simply as Yugoslavia, was a country in Central and Southeast Europe. It emerged in 1945, following World War II, and lasted until 1992, with the breakup of Yugo ...
era, has been upgraded in 2011, and now services every transit corridor of Nikšić, directing all transit traffic away from the urban core. Like many cities in the former Yugoslavia, Nikšić is the hub of multiple
intercity bus
An intercity bus service (North American English) or intercity coach service (British English and Commonwealth English), also called a long-distance, express, over-the-road, commercial, long-haul, or highway bus or coach service, is a public tr ...
companies, the largest of them being
Glušica Nikšić and
4 Decembar Nikšić which operate to destinations as far as
Sarajevo
Sarajevo ( ; cyrl, Сарајево, ; ''see Names of European cities in different languages (Q–T)#S, names in other languages'') is the Capital city, capital and largest city of Bosnia and Herzegovina, with a population of 275,524 in its a ...
and
Belgrade
Belgrade ( , ;, ; Names of European cities in different languages: B, names in other languages) is the Capital city, capital and List of cities in Serbia, largest city in Serbia. It is located at the confluence of the Sava and Danube rivers a ...
.
Rail
![Narrow-Gauge-Railway_Dalmatinerbahn_Station-Niksic](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cf/Narrow-Gauge-Railway_Dalmatinerbahn_Station-Niksic.jpg)
Nikšić is the terminus of
Nikšić-Podgorica railway, which is sole rail connection of the city. This railway line connects with
Belgrade-Bar and
Podgorica–Shkodër lines in Podgorica.
This rail link has been used mainly to transport bauxite from Nikšić bauxite mine to
Podgorica Aluminium Plant
The Aluminium Plant Podgorica ( cnr, Комбинат aлуминијума Подгорица, Kombinat aluminijuma Podgorica, abbr. KAP), also known latterly as Uniprom KAP, is a Montenegrin aluminium smelter company located in Podgorica, Monten ...
. It is currently under reconstruction and electrification, and passenger service will be reintroduced once the reconstruction is completed. Three
CAF Civity
The CAF Civity is a platform of regional passenger trains which is manufactured by Spanish rolling stock manufacturer Construcciones y Auxiliar de Ferrocarriles. Available as both diesel, electric and battery-electric multiple unit, the ''Civ ...
EMUs
Emus may refer to:
* Emu
The emu () (''Dromaius novaehollandiae'') is the second-tallest living bird after its ratite relative the ostrich. It is endemic to Australia where it is the largest native bird and the only extant member of the g ...
have been ordered by
Railways of Montenegro
Rail transport in Montenegro is operated by four separate companies, which independently handle railway infrastructure, passenger transport, cargo transport and maintenance of the rolling stock. The four companies were a part of public company ''R ...
specifically to serve this railway, cutting the travel time between Nikšić and Podgorica to only 50 minutes. The first of the new trains will go into service on June 1, 2013.
Nikšić obtained its
narrow-gauge
A narrow-gauge railway (narrow-gauge railroad in the US) is a railway with a track gauge narrower than standard . Most narrow-gauge railways are between and .
Since narrow-gauge railways are usually built with tighter curves, smaller structur ...
() railway connection with
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bosnia and Herzegovina ( sh, / , ), abbreviated BiH () or B&H, sometimes called Bosnia–Herzegovina and often known informally as Bosnia, is a country at the crossroads of south and southeast Europe, located in the Balkans. Bosnia and H ...
via
Bileća
Bileća ( sr-cyrl, Билећа) is a town and municipality located in Republika Srpska, an entity of Bosnia and Herzegovina. As of 2013, the town has a population of 7,476 inhabitants, while the municipality has 10,807 inhabitants.
History
...
and
Trebinje
Trebinje ( sr-Cyrl, Требиње, ) is a city and municipality located in the Republika Srpska entity of Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is the southernmost city in Bosnia and Herzegovina and is situated on the banks of Trebišnjica river in the re ...
when the railway line was extended from Bileća and opened in 1938. Not far from Trebinje, the narrow-gauge line used to branch off in three directions: towards
Čapljina
Čapljina ( sr-cyrl, Чапљина, ) is a city located in Herzegovina-Neretva Canton of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, an entity of Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is located on the border with Croatia a mere from the Adriatic Sea.
The ...
in Bosnia and Herzegovina,
Zelenika in
Bay of Kotor
The Bay of Kotor ( Montenegrin and Serbian: , Italian: ), also known as the Boka, is a winding bay of the Adriatic Sea in southwestern Montenegro and the region of Montenegro concentrated around the bay. It is also the southernmost part of the hi ...
in Montenegro (a dead end), and
Dubrovnik
Dubrovnik (), historically known as Ragusa (; see notes on naming), is a city on the Adriatic Sea in the region of Dalmatia, in the southeastern semi-exclave of Croatia. It is one of the most prominent tourist destinations in the Mediterran ...
in
Croatia
, image_flag = Flag of Croatia.svg
, image_coat = Coat of arms of Croatia.svg
, anthem = "Lijepa naša domovino"("Our Beautiful Homeland")
, image_map =
, map_caption =
, capit ...
(also a dead end). After reaching Čapljina, the line used to run to the south, to the
Ploče
Ploče (; it, Porto Tolero) is a town and seaport in the Dubrovnik-Neretva County of Croatia.
Geography
Ploče is located on the Adriatic coast in Dalmatia just north of the Neretva Delta and is the natural seaside endpoint of most north-south ...
harbour in Croatia, and to the north, to the rest of the world via
Mostar
Mostar (, ; sr-Cyrl, Мостар, ) is a city and the administrative center of Herzegovina-Neretva Canton of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, an entity of Bosnia and Herzegovina, and the historical capital of Herzegovina.
Mostar is sit ...
and
Sarajevo
Sarajevo ( ; cyrl, Сарајево, ; ''see Names of European cities in different languages (Q–T)#S, names in other languages'') is the Capital city, capital and largest city of Bosnia and Herzegovina, with a population of 275,524 in its a ...
.
The narrow-gauge extension from Nikšić to Titograd (Podgorica), built by youth work brigades, was opened in 1948. That extension was converted to standard gauge () in 1965.
The narrow-gauge line from Nikšić to Čapljina was closed down in 1976 and dismantled soon after.
Air
Nikšić Airport is located on the western outskirts of the city. It is a small sport airport, that caters to needs of
general aviation
General aviation (GA) is defined by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) as all civil aviation aircraft operations with the exception of commercial air transport or aerial work, which is defined as specialized aviation services ...
, and of local enthusiast aviation club. After significant reconstruction and expansion, the airport was chosen to be a host of 2010
FAI World Parachuting Championships. Scheduled passenger service has yet to be introduced.
Podgorica Airport
Podgorica Airport ( cnr, Аеродром Подгорица, Aerodrom Podgorica, ) is an international airport serving the Montenegrin capital of Podgorica and the surrounding region. It is one of two international airports in Montenegro, the ...
is some away from Nikšić, and has regular flights to
Belgrade
Belgrade ( , ;, ; Names of European cities in different languages: B, names in other languages) is the Capital city, capital and List of cities in Serbia, largest city in Serbia. It is located at the confluence of the Sava and Danube rivers a ...
,
Sarajevo
Sarajevo ( ; cyrl, Сарајево, ; ''see Names of European cities in different languages (Q–T)#S, names in other languages'') is the Capital city, capital and largest city of Bosnia and Herzegovina, with a population of 275,524 in its a ...
,
Budapest
Budapest (, ; ) is the capital and most populous city of Hungary. It is the ninth-largest city in the European Union by population within city limits and the second-largest city on the Danube river; the city has an estimated population ...
,
Zürich
Zürich () is the list of cities in Switzerland, largest city in Switzerland and the capital of the canton of Zürich. It is located in north-central Switzerland, at the northwestern tip of Lake Zürich. As of January 2020, the municipality has 43 ...
,
Frankfurt
Frankfurt, officially Frankfurt am Main (; Hessian: , "Frank ford on the Main"), is the most populous city in the German state of Hesse. Its 791,000 inhabitants as of 2022 make it the fifth-most populous city in Germany. Located on its na ...
,
Ljubljana
Ljubljana (also known by other historical names) is the capital and largest city of Slovenia. It is the country's cultural, educational, economic, political and administrative center.
During antiquity, a Roman city called Emona stood in the ar ...
,
Paris
Paris () is the capital and most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,165,423 residents in 2019 in an area of more than 105 km² (41 sq mi), making it the 30th most densely populated city in the world in 2020. S ...
,
Rome
, established_title = Founded
, established_date = 753 BC
, founder = King Romulus (legendary)
, image_map = Map of comune of Rome (metropolitan city of Capital Rome, region Lazio, Italy).svg
, map_caption ...
and
Vienna
en, Viennese
, iso_code = AT-9
, registration_plate = W
, postal_code_type = Postal code
, postal_code =
, timezone = CET
, utc_offset = +1
, timezone_DST ...
. Both
Tivat
Tivat (, ) is a coastal town in southwest Montenegro, located in the Bay of Kotor. , its population was 9,367. Tivat is the centre of Tivat Municipality, which is the smallest municipality by area in Montenegro.
Name
In Serbian and Montenegrin l ...
and
Dubrovnik
Dubrovnik (), historically known as Ragusa (; see notes on naming), is a city on the Adriatic Sea in the region of Dalmatia, in the southeastern semi-exclave of Croatia. It is one of the most prominent tourist destinations in the Mediterran ...
airports are some away, and offer regular services to major European destinations.
International cooperation
Nikšić is
twinned with:
*
Arilje
Arilje ( sr-cyr, Ариље, ) is a town and municipality located in the Zlatibor District of southwestern Serbia. The population of the town is 6,763, while the municipality has 18,792 inhabitants. The town is famous for having large raspberry pla ...
, Serbia
*
Bileća
Bileća ( sr-cyrl, Билећа) is a town and municipality located in Republika Srpska, an entity of Bosnia and Herzegovina. As of 2013, the town has a population of 7,476 inhabitants, while the municipality has 10,807 inhabitants.
History
...
, Bosnia and Herzegovina
*
Bovec
Bovec ( or ; , german: Flitsch, fur, Plèz) is a town in the Littoral region in northwestern Slovenia, close to the border with Italy. It is the central settlement of the Municipality of Bovec.
Geography
Bovec is located from the capital Ljublj ...
, Slovenia
*
Brindisi
Brindisi ( , ) ; la, Brundisium; grc, Βρεντέσιον, translit=Brentésion; cms, Brunda), group=pron is a city in the region of Apulia in southern Italy, the capital of the province of Brindisi, on the coast of the Adriatic Sea.
Histo ...
, Italy
*
Chifeng
Chifeng ( zh, s=赤峰市), also known as Ulanhad ( mn, (Улаанхад хот), ''Ulaɣanqada qota'', , "red cliff"), is a prefecture-level city in Southeastern Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China. It borders Xilin Gol League to the ...
, China
*
Foča
Foča ( sr-Cyrl, Фоча, ) is a town and a municipality located in Republika Srpska in south-eastern Bosnia and Herzegovina, on the banks of Drina river. As of 2013, the town has a population of 12,234 inhabitants, while the municipality has 18 ...
, Bosnia and Herzegovina
*
Gacko
Gacko ( sr-cyrl, Гацко) is a town and municipality located in Republika Srpska, an entity of Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is situated in the region of East Herzegovina. As of 2013, the town has a population of 5,784 inhabitants, while the m ...
, Bosnia and Herzegovina
*
Girona
Girona (officially and in Catalan language, Catalan , Spanish: ''Gerona'' ) is a city in northern Catalonia, Spain, at the confluence of the Ter River, Ter, Onyar, Galligants, and Güell rivers. The city had an official population of 103,369 in ...
, Spain
*
Gradačac
Gradačac ( sr-cyrl, Градачац, ) is a city located in the Tuzla Canton of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, an entity of Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is situated in the northeastern part of Bosnia and Herzegovina, roughly south of ...
, Bosnia and Herzegovina
*
Jajce
Jajce (Јајце) is a town and municipality located in the Central Bosnia Canton of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, an entity of Bosnia and Herzegovina. According to the 2013 census, the town has a population of 7,172 inhabitants, with ...
, Bosnia and Herzegovina
*
Koper
Koper (; it, Capodistria, hr, Kopar) is the fifth largest city in Slovenia. Located in the Istrian region in the southwestern part of the country, approximately five kilometres () south of the border with Italy and 20 kilometres () from Triest ...
, Slovenia
*
Koprivnica
Koprivnica () is a city in Northern Croatia, located 70 kilometers northeast of Zagreb. It is the capital and the largest city of the Koprivnica-Križevci county. In 2011, the city's administrative area of 90.94 km2 had a total popu ...
, Croatia
*
Kumanovo
Kumanovo ( mk, Куманово ; also known by other #Etymology, alternative names) is a city in North Macedonia and the seat of Kumanovo Municipality, the List of municipalities in the Republic of Macedonia by population, largest municipali ...
, North Macedonia
*
Lazarevac
Lazarevac ( sr-cyr, Лазаревац, ) is a municipality of the city of Belgrade. , the town has a total population of 25,526 inhabitants, while the municipal area has a total of 58,622 inhabitants.
Its name stems from the name of medieval Ser ...
, Serbia
*
Murska Sobota
Murska Sobota (, Slovenian abbreviation: ''MS'' ; german: Olsnitz;''Radkersburg und Luttenberg'' (map, 1:75,000). 1894. Vienna: K.u.k. Militärgeographisches Institut. hu, Muraszombat) is a town in northeastern Slovenia. It is the centre of the ...
, Slovenia
*
Nevesinje
Nevesinje ( sr-cyrl, Невесиње) is a town and municipality located in the Republika Srpska entity of Bosnia and Herzegovina. As of 2013, the town has a population of 5,162 inhabitants, while the municipality has 12,961 inhabitants.
Geograp ...
, Bosnia and Herzegovina
*
New Belgrade
New Belgrade ( sr, / , ) is a municipality of the city of Belgrade. It is a planned city, built since 1948 in a previously uninhabited area on the left bank of the Sava river, opposite old Belgrade. In recent years, it has become the central bu ...
, Serbia
*
Ohrid
Ohrid ( mk, Охрид ) is a city in North Macedonia and is the seat of the Ohrid Municipality. It is the largest city on Lake Ohrid and the List of cities in North Macedonia, eighth-largest city in the country, with the municipality recording ...
, North Macedonia
*
Prilep
Prilep ( mk, Прилеп ) is the fourth-largest city in North Macedonia. It has a population of 66,246 and is known as "the city under Marko's Towers" because of its proximity to the towers of Prince Marko.
Name
The name of Prilep appear ...
, North Macedonia
*
Rab
Rab âːb( dlm, Arba, la, Arba, it, Arbe, german: Arbey) is an island in the northern Dalmatia region in Croatia, located just off the northern Croatian coast in the Adriatic Sea.
The island is long, has an area of and 9,328 inhabitants (2 ...
, Croatia
*
Ražanj
Ražanj () is a village and municipality located in the Nišava District of southern Serbia. The municipality consists of 23 settlements having a total population of 9,150 inhabitants, with 1,245 inhabitants living in Ražanj itself. The municipa ...
, Serbia
*
Strumica
Strumica ( mk, Струмица, ) is the largest city[2002 census results](_blank)
in English and Macedon ...
, North Macedonia
*
Trebinje
Trebinje ( sr-Cyrl, Требиње, ) is a city and municipality located in the Republika Srpska entity of Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is the southernmost city in Bosnia and Herzegovina and is situated on the banks of Trebišnjica river in the re ...
, Bosnia and Herzegovina
*
Tuzla
Tuzla (, ) is the third-largest city of Bosnia and Herzegovina and the administrative center of Tuzla Canton of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. As of 2013, it has a population of 110,979 inhabitants.
Tuzla is the economic, cultural, ed ...
, Bosnia and Herzegovina
*
Valjevo
Valjevo (Serbian Cyrillic: Ваљево, ) is a List of cities in Serbia, city and the administrative center of the Kolubara District in western Serbia. According to the 2011 census, the administrative area of Valjevo had 90,312 inhabitants, 59,07 ...
, Serbia
*
Vrbas, Serbia
*
Zadar
Zadar ( , ; historically known as Zara (from Venetian and Italian: ); see also other names), is the oldest continuously inhabited Croatian city. It is situated on the Adriatic Sea, at the northwestern part of Ravni Kotari region. Zadar serv ...
, Croatia
*
Želino
Želino ( mk, , sq, Zhelinë) is a village and seat of the municipality of Želino, North Macedonia.
History
According to the 1467-68 Ottoman defter, Želino appears as being largely inhabited by an Orthodox Christian Albanian population. Due ...
, North Macedonia
Notable individuals
*
Dragomir Bečanović
Dragomir Bečanović (born 10 February 1965) is a Montenegrin retired judoka. He represented Yugoslavia at the 1988 Summer Olympics and 1989 World Judo Championships, where he earned a gold medal. He is the father of sprinter Stefan Bečanov ...
, judoka,
World champion
A world championship is generally an international competition open to elite competitors from around the world, representing their nations, and winning such an event will be considered the highest or near highest achievement in the sport, game, ...
*
Andrija Delibašić
Andrija Delibašić (Serbian Cyrillic: Андрија Делибашић, ; born 24 April 1981) is a Montenegrin retired professional footballer who played as a striker.
After starting out at Partizan he went on to spend most of his career in ...
, footballer
*
Bojan Dubljević
Bojan Dubljević (born 24 October 1991) is a Montenegrin professional basketball player and the team captain for Valencia of the Spanish Liga ACB and the EuroLeague. He also represents the senior Montenegrin national basketball team in national ...
, basketball player
*
Milo Đukanović
Milo Đukanović ( cnr, Мило Ђукановић, ; born 15 February 1962) is a Montenegrin politician serving as the President of Montenegro since 2018, previously serving in the role from 1998 to 2003. He also served as the Prime Minister o ...
, President of Montenegro
*
Grdan
Grdan ( sr-cyr, Грдан; 1596–d. 1612) was the '' vojvoda'' (duke) of the Nikšić ''nahija'', part of the Sanjak of Herzegovina (Ottoman Empire), who led several uprisings against the Ottomans in between 1596 and 1612, alongside Serbian Pat ...
(fl. 1596–d. 1612), vojvoda of Nikšić and rebel leader
*
Goran Jeretin, basketball player
*
Zdravko Krivokapić
Zdravko Krivokapić ( cyrl, Здравко Кривокапић; born 2 September 1958) is a Montenegrin professor and politician who served as Prime Minister of Montenegro from 2020 to 2022.
In addition to his professorship at the Universities ...
, Prime Minister of Montenegro
*
Radmila Miljanić-Petrović
Radmila Petrović née Miljanić, (born 19 April 1988) is a retired Montenegrin handball player. She played for ŽRK Budućnost Podgorica and the Montenegrin national team, and participated at the 2011 World Women's Handball Championship in Bra ...
, handball player, Olympic silver medalist and European champion
*
Milomir Miljanić, singer
*
Andrija Milošević
Andrija Milošević ( sr-cyr, Андрија Милошевић, born 6 August 1978) is a Montenegrin-born Serbian actor and television host. He is known for his roles in the theater show ''Pevaj, brate'' and TV series ''M(j)ešoviti brak'', ''Budv ...
, actor
*
Alen Muratović, handball player
*
Vitomir Nikolić
Vitomir ( pl, Witomir, sr, Витомир) is an old given name of Slavic origin.
The word is derived from two Proto-Slavic elements: ''vito'' which means "to rule" and ''mir'' which means "peace, world, prestige". The ''vit'' is also found in ...
, poet
*
Živko Nikolić, movie director
*
Milosava Perunović
Milosava Perunović (ca. 1900 – 1945) was a Montenegrin gymnast who, following the capitulation of Montenegro in 1916, joined the committees and fought against the occupiers until the end of World War I.
Biography
Milosava Perunović was born ...
(ca. 1900 - 1945), war heroine
*
Vukan Perović
Vukan Perović (Cyrillic: Вукан Перовић; born 18 October 1952) is a Montenegrin retired professional footballer who played as a striker.
Career
Perović began playing professional football in the Yugoslav First League for FK Partiza ...
, football player
*
Željko Petrović
Željko Petrović ( sr-cyr, Жељко Петровић; born 13 November 1965) is a Montenegrin football coach and former player. As a player, he represented the FR Yugoslavia national team at the 1998 FIFA World Cup.
Club career Budućnost
P ...
, footballer
*
Milisav Popović
Milisav Popović (born 23 July 1978) is a Montenegrin author who specializes in fantasy. His books include '' Forgotten Mountain'', the first fantasy novel about mythical creatures of the Balkans, and the bestselling book '' After Sleep''.
Bio ...
, fantasy author
*
Nataša Popović
Nataša Popović (born 14 April 1982) is Montenegrin female basketball player.
External linksProfile
at eurobasket.com
1982 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Nikšić
Montenegrin women's basketball players
Centers (basketball)
Montenegr ...
, basketball player
*
Silvija Popović
Silvija Popović ( sr, Силвија Поповић; born 13 March 1986) is a Serbian female professional volleyball player, who was a member of the Serbia women's national volleyball team that won the gold medal at both the 2011 Women's European ...
, Serbian volleyball player, silver medalist at the
2016 Summer Olympics
The 2016 Summer Olympics ( pt, Jogos Olímpicos de Verão de 2016), officially the Games of the XXXI Olympiad ( pt, Jogos da XXXI Olimpíada) and also known as Rio 2016, was an international multi-sport event held from 5 to 21 August 20 ...
,
World
In its most general sense, the term "world" refers to the totality of entities, to the whole of reality or to everything that is. The nature of the world has been conceptualized differently in different fields. Some conceptions see the worl ...
and
European champion
*
Zdravko Radulović
Zdravko Radulović (born December 12, 1966) is a former professional basketball player, who is now a coach.
Radulović was born in Nikšić, SR Montenegro, SFR Yugoslavia. At a height of 1.91 m (6'3") tall, he played at the shooting guard pos ...
, basketball player, silver medalist at the
1988 Summer Olympics
The 1988 Summer Olympics (), officially known as the Games of the XXIV Olympiad () and commonly known as Seoul 1988 ( ko, 서울 1988, Seoul Cheon gubaek palsip-pal), was an international multi-sport event held from 17 September to 2 October ...
and
European champion
*
Miladin Šobić
Miladin Šobić ( cg, Миладин Шобић, script=Cyrl, born 7 January 1956) is a Montenegrin poet, singer and songwriter.
He was an active performer during the late 1970s and early 1980s in SFR Yugoslavia where his prominence had a regio ...
, musician
*
Željko Šturanović
Željko Šturanović (Serbian Cyrillic: Жељко Штурановић; 31 January 1960 – 30 June 2014) was a Montenegrin politician who was the Prime Minister of Montenegro from 2006 until his resignation in 2008.
Early life
Šturanović was ...
, former Prime Minister of Montenegro
*
Mirko Vučinić
Mirko Vučinić (, ; born 1 October 1983) is a Montenegrin former professional footballer who played as a forward.
Having caught the attention of Pantaleo Corvino, the sporting director of the Italian club Lecce, he transferred there in the s ...
, footballer
*
Filip Vujanović
Filip Vujanović (Montenegrin Cyrillic: Филип Вујановић, ; born 1 September 1954) is a Montenegrin politician who served as the President of Montenegro from 2003 to 2018.
Early life and career
Born and raised in Belgrade, Vujanov ...
, former President of Montenegro
*
Miljan Zeković
Miljan Zeković ( Cyrillic: Миљан Зековић; 15 November 1925 – 10 December 1993) was a Montenegrin and Yugoslav football player and manager.
Playing career Club
He played for FK Sutjeska Nikšić and FK Budućnost Titograd befor ...
, football player
*
Rajko Žižić
Rajko Žižić (January 22, 1955 – August 7, 2003) was a Yugoslavian professional basketball player. The 6'11", 243-pounder represented Yugoslavia at the 1976 Summer Olympics, the 1980 Summer Olympics and the 1984 Summer Olympics
The 1984 S ...
, basketball player, three-time Olympic medalist and
1980 Olympic champion
*
Milorad Žižić, boxer
*
Vesna Zmijanac
Vesna Zmijanac (, ; born 4 January 1957) is a Montenegrin-born Serbian singer and actress. Dubbed the "Queen of Sadness", she is known for her emotional vocal delivery and melancholic ballads. Also noted for her provocative appearance and weste ...
, singer
Notes
References
Books
External links
Official site(Montenegrin and English)
{{DEFAULTSORT:Niksic
Populated places in Nikšić Municipality