Newcastle is a

civil parish In England, a civil parish is a type of administrative parish used for local government. It is a territorial designation which is the lowest tier of local government below districts and counties, or their combined form, the unitary authorit ...

in Northumberland County,

New Brunswick New Brunswick (french: Nouveau-Brunswick, , locally ) is one of the thirteen provinces and territories of Canada. It is one of the three Maritime provinces and one of the four Atlantic provinces. It is the only province with both English and ...

Canada Canada is a country in North America. Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean and northward into the Arctic Ocean, covering over , making it the world's second-largest country by tot ...

. For governance purposes it is divided between the city of Miramichi, the

Indian reserves In Canada, an Indian reserve (french: réserve indienne) is specified by the '' Indian Act'' as a "tract of land, the legal title to which is vested in Her Majesty, that has been set apart by Her Majesty for the use and benefit of a band." Ind ...

of Eel Ground 2 and Metepenagiag Uta'nk, and the local service districts of

Lower Newcastle-Russellville Lower Newcastle-Russellville was a Local service district in New Brunswick. It is now part of the Greater Miramichi rural district. History Notable people See also *List of communities in New Brunswick This is a list of communities in New ...

and the parish of Newcastle. The city and LSDs are members of the Greater Miramichi Regional Service Commission (GMRSC).

Origin of name

Newcastle and Alnwick Parishes were erected simultaneously. Alnwick and

Newcastle Newcastle usually refers to: *Newcastle upon Tyne, a city and metropolitan borough in Tyne and Wear, England *Newcastle-under-Lyme, a town in Staffordshire, England *Newcastle, New South Wales, a metropolitan area in Australia, named after Newcastle ...

are the county town and largest city of historical Northumberland County,

England England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Wales to its west and Scotland to its north. The Irish Sea lies northwest and the Celtic Sea to the southwest. It is separated from continental Europe b ...

. This may be the origin of the two parishes' names. Another possibility is that the parish was named in honour of the

Duke of Newcastle Duke of Newcastle upon Tyne was a title that was created three times, once in the Peerage of England and twice in the Peerage of Great Britain. The first grant of the title was made in 1665 to William Cavendish, 1st Marquess of Newcastle ...

, Prime Minister of Great Britain 1757–1762. The Duke had no obvious connection to the name Alnwick.

History

Newcastle was erected in 1786 as one of Northumberland County's original parishes. including all or part of most parishes in Northumberland and

Kent Kent is a county in South East England and one of the home counties. It borders Greater London to the north-west, Surrey to the west and East Sussex to the south-west, and Essex to the north across the estuary of the River Thames; it faces ...

Counties.

Boundaries

Newcastle Parish is bounded: Remainder of parish on maps 52, 60, 61, and 69 at same site. Remainder of parish on mapbooks 155, 156, 172–174, 188–190, 203, and 204 at same site. * on the north by the Gloucester County line; * on the east by a line beginning on the county line at a point about 3.3 kilometres west-southwesterly of Route 8, then running south to the Route 8 bridge over the

Bartibog River The Bartibog River (also spelled Bartibogue) is a tributary of the Miramichi River in New Brunswick, Canada. It honours Bartholomew La Bogue, a Micmac chief, "who was called Balt Bogue by the Indians (indigenous) and Bartabogue by the French and E ...

, then down the Bartibog River to its mouth; * on the south by the

Miramichi River The Miramichi River is a river located in the east-central part of New Brunswick, Canada. The river drains into Miramichi Bay in the Gulf of St. Lawrence. The name may have been derived from the Montagnais words "Maissimeu Assi" (meaning Mi'km ...

and Northwest Miramichi River; * on the west by a line beginning on southeastern corner of a grant to Oliver Willard on the western side of Jones Cove, then running north to the county line; * including Bartibog Island in the Miramichi.

Evolution of boundaries

The original boundaries of Newcastle were Westmorland County on the south, a line due west from the northern tip of Portage Island on the north, and a north-south line through the mouth of

Cains River The Cains River is a river in New Brunswick, Canada. It is 113 kilometres long. The Cains River has its origins in the " Bantalor Wildlife Management Area" in the eastern part of York County, near the boundary with Sunbury County. Generally flow ...

on the west. In 1814 Northumberland County was completely reorganised and Newcastle took on a more recognisable shape. The boundary with Northesk was different, starting near the old courthouse and passing through the intersection of Newcastle Boulevard and Beaverbrook Road. In 1824 the boundary with Northesk was moved west to its modern starting point on Jones Cove. The direction of the boundary was also changed to run north instead of prolongation a grant line, which transferred a triangle of territory in the south to Newcastle and a triangle in the north to Northesk. In 1850 the boundary with Alnwick Parish was adjusted by running further up the Bartibog River before turning north.

Communities

Communities at least partly within the parish. bold indicates an incorporated municipality or

Indian reserve In Canada, an Indian reserve (french: réserve indienne) is specified by the '' Indian Act'' as a "tract of land, the legal title to which is vested in Her Majesty, that has been set apart by Her Majesty for the use and benefit of a band." In ...

; ''italics'' indicate a name no longer in official use * Bartibog * Beaver Brook Station * Bellefond * Beveridge * Busby * East Beaver Brook * Eel Ground 2 * Highbank * Little Bartibog * Lower Newcastle * ''Morrissy'' * Patterson Siding * Russellville * Telly Road Crossing * Miramichi ** Back Lots ** Cross Roads ** Douglastown ** Ferry Road ** Millbank * Miramichi ** Moorefield ** Newcastle ** Nordin ** Northwest Bridge

Bodies of water

Bodies of waterNot including brooks, ponds or coves. at least partly within the parish. *

* Big Eskedelloc River * Little Bartibog River *

* Northwest Miramichi River * Northwest Millstream * Armstrong Lake * The Lake

Islands

Islands at least partly within the parish. * Bartibog Island

Other notable places

Parks, historic sites, and other noteworthy places at least partly within the parish. * Bellefond Protected Natural Area * East Branch Portage River Protected Natural Area * Green Brook Protected Natural Area * MacDonald Farm Provincial Park * MacDonald Farm Wildlife Management Area

Demographics

Parish population total does not include

Eel Ground 2 Eels are ray-finned fish belonging to the order Anguilliformes (), which consists of eight suborders, 19 families, 111 genera, and about 800 species. Eels undergo considerable development from the early larval stage to the eventual adult stage ...

and portion within Miramichi

Population

Population trendStatistics Canada: 1996, 2001, 2006 census

Language

Mother tongue (2016)

Notes

References

{{coord, 47, 00, 00, N, 65, 34, 12, W, name=Newcastle Parish, New Brunswick, display=title, region:CA-NB_type:adm3rd_scale:100000 Parishes of Northumberland County, New Brunswick Local service districts of Northumberland County, New Brunswick