Shaykh Muhammad Nazim Adil Al-Qubrusi Al-Haqqani (qaddas Allahu sirruhu) (born Mehmet Nâzım Âdil; 21 April 1922 – 7 May 2014) ( tr, Şeyh Muhammed Nâzım Âdil El-Kıbrısî Hakkanî), commonly known as Shaykh Nazim ( tr, Şeyh Nâzım), was a

Turkish Cypriot Turkish Cypriots or Cypriot Turks ( tr, Kıbrıs Türkleri or ''Kıbrıslı Türkler''; el, Τουρκοκύπριοι, Tourkokýprioi) are ethnic Turks originating from Cyprus. Following the Ottoman conquest of the island in 1571, about 30,00 ...

Sunni Sunni Islam () is the largest branch of Islam, followed by 85–90% of the world's Muslims. Its name comes from the word '' Sunnah'', referring to the tradition of Muhammad. The differences between Sunni and Shia Muslims arose from a disagr ...

Muslim Muslims ( ar, المسلمون, , ) are people who adhere to Islam, a monotheistic religion belonging to the Abrahamic tradition. They consider the Quran, the foundational religious text of Islam, to be the verbatim word of the God of Abrah ...

imam and one of the most influential members of the Sublime Naqshbandí Order (''

tariqa A tariqa (or ''tariqah''; ar, طريقة ') is a school or order of Sufism, or specifically a concept for the mystical teaching and spiritual practices of such an order with the aim of seeking ''haqiqa'', which translates as "ultimate truth". ...

'') of

Sunni Islam Sunni Islam () is the largest branch of Islam, followed by 85–90% of the world's Muslims. Its name comes from the word '' Sunnah'', referring to the tradition of Muhammad. The differences between Sunni and Shia Muslims arose from a disagre ...

, led by the

Hazrat Ishaan Sayyid ul Sadaat Khwaja Sayyid Mir Khawand Mahmud ibn Sharif Naqshbandi al-Hasani wal-Husseini, known as Hazrat Ishaan Shah Saheb (1563 — 5 November 1642) was a Sufi Saint from Bukhara, Uzbekistan. Ancestry Hazrat Ishaan was a Sayyid, sig ...

Names

Shaykh Nazim was active both in Turkish and Arabic language contexts. His name was therefore transliterated into English in various ways: Nazim al-Qubrusi ), indicating his homeland of Cyprus ( ), and Muhammad Nazım 'Adil al-Qubrusi al-Haqqani an-

Naqshbandi The Naqshbandi ( fa, نقشبندی)), Neqshebendi ( ku, نه‌قشه‌به‌ندی), and Nakşibendi (in Turkish) is a major Sunni order of Sufism. Its name is derived from Baha-ud-Din Naqshband Bukhari. Naqshbandi masters trace their ...

( ar, محمد ناظم عادل القبرصي الحقاني النقشبندي). His name ''al-Haqqani'' is an honorific name granted by his Sufi teacher Shaykh

Abdullah Fa'izi ad-Daghestani Abdullah ad-Daghistani ( ar, عبد الله الداغستاني, ; December 14, 1891 – September 30, 1973), commonly known as Shaykh Abdullah, was a North Caucasian Sufi shaykh of the Naqshbandi- Sufi order. Early life He was born in the ...

. He has no connection with the Islamic insurgent group known as the Haqqani network.

Early life

Shaykh Nazim was born Mehmet Nâzım Âdil on April 21, 1922, and traced his lineage back to Imam

Abdul Qadir Gilani ʿAbdul Qādir Gīlānī, ( ar, عبدالقادر الجيلاني, ʿAbd al-Qādir al-Jīlānī; fa, ) known by admirers as Muḥyī l-Dīn Abū Muḥammad b. Abū Sāliḥ ʿAbd al-Qādir al-Jīlānī al-Baḡdādī al-Ḥasanī al-Ḥusayn ...

through his paternal Grandfather Shaykh Yesilbas Hussayn al-Qadiri and Mawláná

Rumi Jalāl al-Dīn Muḥammad Rūmī ( fa, جلال‌الدین محمد رومی), also known as Jalāl al-Dīn Muḥammad Balkhī (), Mevlânâ/Mawlānā ( fa, مولانا, lit= our master) and Mevlevî/Mawlawī ( fa, مولوی, lit= my ma ...

through his maternal grandfather Shaykh Kaytazzâde Mehmet Nâzım who he was named after. During his studies he moved to

Istanbul Istanbul ( , ; tr, İstanbul ), formerly known as Constantinople ( grc-gre, Κωνσταντινούπολις; la, Constantinopolis), is the List of largest cities and towns in Turkey, largest city in Turkey, serving as the country's economic, ...

, Turkey, in 1940 to study chemical engineering at

Istanbul University , image = Istanbul_University_logo.svg , image_size = 200px , latin_name = Universitas Istanbulensis , motto = tr, Tarihten Geleceğe Bilim Köprüsü , mottoeng = Science Bridge from Past to the Future , established = 1453 1846 1933 ...

. He would later state: "I felt no attraction to modern science; my heart was always drawn to the spiritual sciences."

Studies in Sharia' and Sufism

Nazim studied

Classical Arabic Classical Arabic ( ar, links=no, ٱلْعَرَبِيَّةُ ٱلْفُصْحَىٰ, al-ʿarabīyah al-fuṣḥā) or Quranic Arabic is the standardized literary form of Arabic used from the 7th century and throughout the Middle Ages, most notab ...

and Islamic Jurisprudence (''fiqh'') in

Turkey Turkey ( tr, Türkiye ), officially the Republic of Türkiye ( tr, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, links=no ), is a list of transcontinental countries, transcontinental country located mainly on the Anatolia, Anatolian Peninsula in Western Asia, with ...

under Jamal al-Din al-Alsuni (d. 1955 CE/1375 AH) and received an ijaza (permission to teach) in these subjects from him. He was initiated in Naqshbandi Sufism by Sulayman Arzarumi (d. 1948 CE/1368 AH), who eventually directed him to

Damascus )), is an adjective which means "spacious". , motto = , image_flag = Flag of Damascus.svg , image_seal = Emblem of Damascus.svg , seal_type = Seal , map_caption = , ...

Syria Syria ( ar, سُورِيَا or سُورِيَة, translit=Sūriyā), officially the Syrian Arab Republic ( ar, الجمهورية العربية السورية, al-Jumhūrīyah al-ʻArabīyah as-Sūrīyah), is a Western Asian country loc ...

, to continue his studies with his destined sheikh. He left Istanbul and arrived in Syria in 1944. Nazim continued his studies in

Aleppo )), is an adjective which means "white-colored mixed with black". , motto = , image_map = , mapsize = , map_caption = , image_map1 = ...

Hama , timezone = EET , utc_offset = +2 , timezone_DST = EEST , utc_offset_DST = +3 , postal_code_type = , postal_code = , ar ...

, and

Homs Homs ( , , , ; ar, حِمْص / ALA-LC: ; Levantine Arabic: / ''Ḥomṣ'' ), known in pre-Islamic Syria as Emesa ( ; grc, Ἔμεσα, Émesa), is a city in western Syria and the capital of the Homs Governorate. It is Metres above sea level ...

. In Homs, he studied at the

madrasa Madrasa (, also , ; Arabic: مدرسة , pl. , ) is the Arabic word for any type of educational institution, secular or religious (of any religion), whether for elementary instruction or higher learning. The word is variously transliterated '' ...

adjoining the burial shrine and mosque of Muhammad's companion,

Khalid ibn al-Walid Khalid ibn al-Walid ibn al-Mughira al-Makhzumi (; died 642) was a 7th-century Arab military commander. He initially headed campaigns against Muhammad on behalf of the Quraysh. He later became a Muslim and spent the remainder of his career in ...

. There, he received further ''ijazas'' in

Hanafi The Hanafi school ( ar, حَنَفِية, translit=Ḥanafiyah; also called Hanafite in English), Hanafism, or the Hanafi fiqh, is the oldest and one of the four traditional major Sunni schools ( maddhab) of Islamic Law (Fiqh). It is named aft ...

jurisprudence (''fiqh'') from Muhammad 'Ali' Ayoun al-Soud and Abdul Jalil Murad. Following the end of the unrest in the region due to

World War II World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposin ...

, Nazim was able to enter Damascus in 1945. There, he met Abdullah Fa'izi ad-Daghestani, and they exchanged the Sufi oath of mutual allegiance (bay'ah). He trained him well in Naqshbandi Sufi path. Nazim would consider Abdullah as his primary spiritual director (''murshid'') until the latter's death in 1973.

Islamic missionary activity

International Islamic Unity Conference (Los Angeles, 1996) - 03

Nazim returned to Cyprus and began

Islamic missionary activity Islamic missionary work or ''dawah'' means to "invite" (in Arabic, literally "invitation") to Islam. After the death of the Prophets of Islam, Islamic prophet Muhammad, from the 7th century onwards, Islam spread rapidly from the Arabian Peninsula ...

. Whilst there, he came into conflict with the

Kemalist Kemalism ( tr, Kemalizm, also archaically ''Kamâlizm''), also known as Atatürkism ( tr, Atatürkçülük, Atatürkçü düşünce), or The Six Arrows ( tr, Altı Ok), is the founding official ideology of the Republic of Turkey.Eric J. Zurcher ...

governing body of the Turkish community of the island, which in accordance with Kemalist ideology was actively striving to de-Islamize the society. The government had enacted laws forbidding the public performance of the Islamic call to prayer (''adhan'') in its traditional Arabic form. Regardless, Nazim continued to do so. The conflict was resolved with the coming to power of

Adnan Menderes Adnan Menderes (; 1899 – 17 September 1961) was a Turkish politician who served as Prime Minister of Turkey between 1950 and 1960. He was one of the founders of the Democrat Party (DP) in 1946, the fourth legal opposition party of Turkey. He ...

in Turkey, whose government chose a more tolerant approach to Islamic traditions. Nazim took up residence in Damascus in 1952 to continue his studies with Abdullah, though he continued to spend three months or more each year in his native Cyprus. Following the death of Abdullah Fa'izi ad-Daghestani in 1973, Nazim was made his spiritual successor. In 1974, he began to visit Western Europe, traveling every year to

London London is the capital and largest city of England and the United Kingdom, with a population of just under 9 million. It stands on the River Thames in south-east England at the head of a estuary down to the North Sea, and has been a majo ...

, England, for the month of Ramadan. He gained a large following of spiritual seekers from Western Europe and North America, many of whom converted to Islam after encountering his teaching. From 1980, his lectures on Islam and Sufism were published in English and other European languages. Nazim's transnational appeal was facilitated by his ability to speak English, Turkish, Arabic, and Greek. In his later years, Nazim was regularly recognized among the world's fifty most influential Muslims in the annual publication, The 500 Most Influential Muslims: he was ranked 42nd in the 2013/2014 edition. Notable students and followers of Al-Haqqani include

John G. Bennett John Godolphin Bennett (8 June 1897 – 13 December 1974) was a British academic and author. He is best known for his books on psychology and spirituality, particularly on the teachings of G. I. Gurdjieff. Bennett met Gurdjieff in Istanbul in ...

, the British author on spirituality, and

Rank Nazeer Ahmed Nazeer Ahmed (also known as Rank Nazeer) is an Indian Muslim scholar, politician, historian and translator. He is the author of the Encyclopedia of Islamic Historywww.historyofislam.com. He is a former politician of Indian National Congress ...

, the Indian Muslim scholar and legislator.

Political opinions

Nazim was involved in politics. He had close ties with several notable politicians, notably the late

president of Turkey The president of Turkey, officially the president of the Republic of Türkiye ( tr, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Cumhurbaşkanı), is the head of state and head of government of Turkey. The president directs the executive branch of the government of Tu ...

, Turgut Özal, and the Turkish Cypriot leader, Rauf Denktaş. Born just before the fall of the

Ottoman Empire The Ottoman Empire, * ; is an archaic version. The definite article forms and were synonymous * and el, Оθωμανική Αυτοκρατορία, Othōmanikē Avtokratoria, label=none * info page on book at Martin Luther University) ...

, he praised Ottoman history and civilization, contrasting its culture with its successor, the modern-day

Republic of Turkey Turkey ( tr, Türkiye ), officially the Republic of Türkiye ( tr, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, links=no ), is a list of transcontinental countries, transcontinental country located mainly on the Anatolia, Anatolian Peninsula in Western Asia, with ...

. Shaykh Nazim can be seen addressing multitudes of Turkish people in a stadium whose audience includes the likes of Abdullah Gül,

Recep Tayyip Erdoğan Recep Tayyip Erdoğan (born 26 February 1954) is a Turkish politician serving as the List of presidents of Turkey, 12th and current president of Turkey since 2014. He previously served as prime minister of Turkey from 2003 to 2014 and as Lis ...

, and Necmettin Erbakan. In it he discusses the importance of Islamic values of the Turkish state, discussing how their forefathers were the

Ottomans The Ottoman Turks ( tr, Osmanlı Türkleri), were the Turkic founding and sociopolitically the most dominant ethnic group of the Ottoman Empire ( 1299/1302–1922). Reliable information about the early history of Ottoman Turks remains scarce, ...

who ruled the country as a

caliphate A caliphate or khilāfah ( ar, خِلَافَة, ) is an institution or public office under the leadership of an Islamic steward with the title of caliph (; ar, خَلِيفَة , ), a person considered a political-religious successor to th ...

for more than 600 years until its downfall.Shaykh Nazim. Abdullah Gul. Recep Tayyip Erdogan. Necmettin Erbakan: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VhfnHKgF-yw

Death

Nazim had been receiving medical care since April 17, 2014, when he was rushed from his home in

Lefke Lefka ( el, Λεύκα; tr, Lefke) is a town in Cyprus, overlooking Morphou Bay. It is under the ''de facto'' control of Northern Cyprus. In 2011, the town proper had 3,009 inhabitants. It is the capital of the Lefke District of Northern Cyprus ...

to the Near East University Hospital in North Nicosia, Northern Cyprus, after suffering from respiratory problems. He died on May 7, 2014 (8 Rajab 1435), aged 92. Shaykh Nazim was succeeded by his eldest son, Shaykh Mehmet 'Adil ar-Rabbani, as the 41st leader of the Naqshbandi Tariqa. His Serene Highness Prince Sayyid Raphael Dakik, member of the Afghan Royal Family and the 54th Imam of the Qadiri-Naqshbandi creed, descending from Abdul Qadir Gilani and Bahauddin Naqshband by blood through Hazrat Ishaan has confirmed Sheikh Nazim´s rank as a saint in October 2022. He bestowed upon him ex post mortem the title of "Qayyum-e-Zaman".

Published works

* al-Qubrusi, Nazim. 1980. ''Mercy Oceans: The teachings of Maulana Abdullah al-Faizi ad-Daghestani''. n.p. * Daghistānī, ʻAbd Allāh al-Naqshbandī, and Nazim Haqqani. 1980. ''Mercy oceans: Winter lectures 1400 H. (1980 A. D.); Book two''. Konya, Turkey: Sebat. * al-Qubrusi, Nazim 'Adil. 1982. ''Mercy Oceans' Endless Horizons; Summer lectures from 1981''. Konya, Turkei: Sebat Offset Pr. * al-Qubrusi, Nazim 'Adil. 1983. ''Mercy Oceans' Pink Pearls''. Konya, Turkei: Sebat Offset Pr. * Haqqani, Nazim. 1984. ''Mercy oceans' divine sources: The discourses of our master Shaykh Nazim Al-Qubrusi (Imam ul-Haqqaniyyin)''. Konya, Turkey: Sebat. * –––. 1985. ''Mercy oceans of the heart: the discourses of our master Shaykh Nazim Al-Qubrusi (Imam ul-Haqqaniyyin)''. urkey? .n. * al-Qubrusi, Nazim 'Adil. 1986. ''Mercy Oceans Rising Sun.'' Konya, Turkey: Sebat. * Haqqani, Nazim. 1987. ''The secrets behind the secrets behind the secrets''. Berlin: Duru. * al-Qubrusi, Nazim 'Adil. ''Toward the Divine Presence: Book one, London Talks, Summer 1984''. n.p.n.d. * Haqqani, Nazim. 1987. ''Mercy oceans' lovestream: the discourses of our master Shaykh Nazim al-Qubrusi al-Haqqani delivered by the permission of his Grandsheikh Shaykh Abdullah Ad-Daghistani; Selected lectures Summer 1406 A. H. (1986 C. E.); London, Germany, Switzerland.'' Konya: Sebat. * Haqqani, Nazim. 1987. ''Mercy oceans: Serendib edition; Transcript of lectures.'' Colombo: Council of Thareeqathun Naqshbandhia. * Al-Qubrusi, Shaykh Nazim 'Adil. 1988. ''Mercy Oceans' Hidden Treasures'', 2nd ed. Konya, Turkey: Sebat. * Daghistānī, ʻAbd Allāh al-Naqshbandī, Nazim Haqqani. 1988. ''The Naqshbandi way: a guidebook for spiritual progress; The spiritual exercises of the Naqshbandi Sufi path according to the instructions of Sultan Ul-Awliya Shaykh Abdullah Ad-Daghistani''. Konya, Turkey: Mercy Oceans publications. * An-Naqshabandi, Shaykh Nazim 'Adil Al-Haqqani. 1989. ''Mercy Oceans Saphires from Serendib.'' Colombo, Sri Lanka: Arafat Publishing House. * Naqshbandi, Muhammad Nazim 'Adil al-Haqqani. 1990. ''From Dunya to Maule: (from here to hereafter)''. İstanbul: Sebil Yayınevi. * An-Naqshabandi, Shaykh Nazim 'Adil Al-Haqqani. 1990. ''Mercy Oceans' Emeralds of Eden: Lectures of a Sufi Grandsheikh''. Colombo, Sri Lanka: Peacock Printers. * –––. 1992. ''Natural medicines''. London: Ta-Ha. * Naqshbandi, Muhammad Nazim 'Adil al-Haqqani. 1994. ''Mystical secrets of the last days''. Los Altos, CA: Haqqani Islamic Trust for New Muslims. * Haqqani Naqshbandia, Shaykh Nazim al al-. 1994. ''Keys to paradise''. London: Zero Productions. * Naqshbandi, Muhammad Nazim 'Adil al-Haqqani. 1994. ''The divine kingdom''. Los Altos, CA: Haqqani Islamic Trust for New Muslims. * Haqqani, Sheik Nazim. 1995. ''Natural medicines: traditional Sufi healing methods''. London: Zero Productions. * al-Haqqani, Nazim. 1995. ''Power oceans of light.'' London: Zero Publications. * Naqshbandi, Muhammad Nazim 'Adil al-Haqqani. 1995. ''When will peace come to earth?: Oh people, don't waste.'' London: Zero Productions. * Haqqani, Nazim. 1996. ''Secret desires: talks given in 1996 in Germany and Great Britain by a sufi master of our time.'' London: Zero Productions. * Naqshbandi, Muhammad Nazim 'Adil al-Haqqani. 1997. ''Defending truth: associations with a Sufi master of our time.'' London: Zero Productions. * Nāẓim ʻAdl al-Ḥaqqānī, Muḥammad. 1997. ''Islam the freedom to serve: Suhbats, aphorisms, and stories.'' Bonndorf im Schwarzwald: Gorski und Spohr. * al-Haqqani, Shaykh Nazim. 1998. ''Pure hearts.'' London: Zero Productions. * Naqshbandi, Muhammad Nazim 'Adil al-Haqqani. 1998. ''Secret desires.'' London: Healing Hearts / Zero Productions. * –––. 1998. ''Star from heaven: talks given in 1995 by a Sufi master of our time in England, Germany, Switzerland and Italy.'' London: Zero Productions. * –––. 2002. ''In the mystic footsteps of saints.'' 2 vols. Fenton Mich:

Naqshbandi Haqqani Sufi Order Naqshbandi Haqqani Sufi Order, stems from the Naqshbandi 'Aliyyah Tariqah. It takes the name "Haqqani" from the tariqah's revivor, Mawláná Shaykh Muḥammad Nazım 'Ádil al-Haqqani. The Naqshbandi-Haqqani Sufi Order of America (NQSOA), is an ...

. * Al-Haqqani, Shaykh Nazim 'Adil. 2002–2007. ''Liberating the soul: a guide for spiritual growth.'' 6 vols. .l. Islamic Supreme Council of America. * Naqshbandi, Muhammad Nazim 'Adil al-Haqqani, and Muhammad Hisham Kabbani. 2004. ''Naqshbandi awrad of Mawláná Shaykh Muhammad Nazim 'Adil al-Haqqani.'' Fenton, MI: Islamic Supreme Council of America. * Naqshbandi, Muhammad Nazim 'Adil al-Haqqani. 2006. ''The path to spiritual excellence''. Fenton, MI: Islamic Supreme Council of America. * Naqshbandi, Muhammad Nazim 'Adil al-Haqqani. 2007. ''Through the eye of the needle: Counsel for Spiritual Survival in the Last Days.'' Fenton, Mich: Institute for Spiritual & Cultural Advancement. * Al-Haqqani, Mawláná Shaykh Nazim, and Hamidah Torres. 2008. ''Sufi spiritual practices for polishing the mirror in the heart.'' ar de Plata, Argentina SereSereS. * Al-Haqqani, Mawláná Shaykh Nazim. 2008. ''Love sufi teachings and spiritual practices.'' Málaga: SereSereS. * Naqshbandi, Muhammad Nazim 'Adil al-Haqqani. 2010. ''The Sufilive series.'' Fenton, MI: Institute for Spiritual and Cultural Advancement (ISCA). * Naqshbandi, Muhammad Nazim 'Adil al-Haqqani, and Muhammad Hisham Kabbani. 2010. ''Spiritual discourses of Sultan al-Awliya Mawláná Shaykh Muhammad Nazim 'Adil Al-Haqqani.'' Fenton, MI: Institute for Spiritual and Cultural Advancement (ISCA). * –––. 2010. ''Breaths from beyond the curtain: spiritual guidance of the Naqshbandi Sufi Masters.'' Fenton, Mich: Institute for Spiritual and Cultural Advancement. *Shaykh Nazim, over 2,000 pieces of unique video content
Sheikh Nazım Al Haqqani Al Qubrusi An Naqshibandi

References

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hazrat_Ishaan https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serene_Highness