Narchat, Narchatka, Naricha ( mdf, Нарчат, Нарчатка, Нарича, Narchat, Narchatka, Naricha) was a

Moksha ''Moksha'' (; sa, मोक्ष, '), also called ''vimoksha'', ''vimukti'' and ''mukti'', is a term in Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism and Sikhism for various forms of emancipation, enlightenment, liberation, and release. In its soteriology, ...

Queen,Лебедев В. И. Загадочный город Мохши, Пенза, 1958, p.15 ruler of Moxel mentioned in Russian sources as Murunza. She was daughter and successor of king

Puresh Puresh ( mdf, Пуреш, Puresh, pureh brewing time born) was a Moksha Kanazor, ruler of Kingdom Moxel in ( Middle Volga) mentioned in Russians sources as Murunza. He was an ally of Russian Grand Prince Yuri II of Vladimir and of the Cuman Kh ...

and sister of

Atämaz Atämaz ( mdf, Атямас, Atiamas, belonging to Atäm (Thunder God)) was a Moxel prince of 13th c. He was the son of Kanazor (King) Puresh and brother of Queen Narchat. War For Kadoma Erzya-Moksha War Europe Campaign In September 1237 t ...

. She led the uprising against Mongols in

1242 Year 1242 ( MCCXLII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events By place Europe * Spring – Prince Alexander Nevsky is joined by his brother Andrey II (Yaroslavic ...

and was slain in Battle of Sernya in

Mongol Takeover

In September 1237 the Mongols invaded Kingdom Moxel ('Moksha Kingdom' in Latin sources). They seized the capital Noronshasht and killed all the city dwellers. Narchat's father and brother together with Moxel army joined the Mongol hordes on their way to Europe. As soon as she found out her father, brother and many Moksha warriors were killed in

Germany Germany,, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It is the second most populous country in Europe after Russia, and the most populous member state of the European Union. Germany is situated betwe ...

she attacked the Mongol convoys passing Mokshaland. On their way from Europe, Mongols returned to Moxel and seized

Sernya Sernya ( mdf, ςερνια, ςερνεσ, Sernä, Sernes, Golden, The Golden, russian: Золотарёвское городище, Zolotaryovskoye gorodishche, Zolotaryovka settlement) is a site of medieval city ruins in Middle Mokshaland (modern ...

. The city was burnt down, all the defenders were killed. Queen Narchat with a small group of warriors broke out of the burning fortress but Mongols chased her. Her men were slain and she jumped into the ice-hole in river

and drowned together with her horse.

Historical Personality

Russian professor from

Penza Penza ( rus, Пе́нза, p=ˈpʲɛnzə) is the largest city and administrative center of Penza Oblast, Russia. It is located on the Sura River, southeast of Moscow. As of the 2010 Census, Penza had a population of 517,311, making it the 38th-l ...

State Pedagogical University Vitaliy Lebedev wrote:

Doctor of Sciences Doctor of Sciences ( rus, доктор наук, p=ˈdoktər nɐˈuk, abbreviated д-р наук or д. н.; uk, доктор наук; bg, доктор на науките; be, доктар навук) is a higher doctoral degree in the Russi ...

Dmitriy Madurov of Chuvash state Institute of Humanities writes: Indeed, it is known the

Burtas Burtas (russian: Буртасы, ''Burtasy''; cv, Пăртассем, ''Părtassem''; tt-Cyrl, Бортаслар, , ) were a tribe of uncertain ethnolinguistic affiliation inhabiting the steppe region north of the Caspian Sea in medieval times ( ...

had been ruled by elders.

Narchat in coinage

Ethnographer Vladimir Aunovsky wrote that he encountered coins with Narchatka portrait in traditional

woman's headdress and they say: "This is our queen". These coins are called

mordovka Mordovka (Russian: ) was a historical Russian currency that circulated in Volga Region in 15-18th centuries. It was found in hoards in Volga Region and Middle Asia. Etymology The term ''mordovka'' (russian: мордовка lit.'Mordvin woman') ...

s in slang, or silver coins type A as they are described by Bogdan Zaikovsky with inscription in

Moksha language Moksha ( mdf, мокшень кяль, translit=mokšeň käľ, label=none, ) is a Mordvinic language of the Uralic family, with around 130,000 native speakers in 2010. Moksha is the majority language in the western part of Mordovia. Its closes ...

in Greek Uncial script ( mdf, μοΛͷ ΑΗςͷ οκΑΗ ΠεΛκͷ 'goes only for half Oka (gold coin name)') and might be dated as 4-8th century AD. Triangle coins, pre-Mongolian silver ''Valfs'', 22x23 mm size, with a depiction of a woman in a headdress» are described by Vyacheslav Zavaryukhin as he specifies they should be referred to as

Mukhsha Mukhshi ( tt-Latn, Muxşa, , , , mdf, νορονσαστ, Noronshasht, IPA noronʲʃɑʃtʲ}, Turki: ﻥﺭﻥﺝﺍﻁ, Nurinjat IPA urinˈdʒɑt) was the capital city of Murunza and capital of Golden Horde in 14th century during the reig ...

coinage according to the Christian Frähn's list.

Narchat in Epic Tales

Literature

*Masztorava, Erza és moksa népköltészeti anyag feldolgozásával írta Alekszandr Markovics Saronov, Budapest, 2010 *Лебедев В. И. Нарчатка / Пензенская энциклопедия. М.: Научное издательство «Большая Российская энциклопедия», 2001, с. 376 *Алихова А. Е., М. Ф. Жиганов, П. Д. Степанов. Из древней и средневековой истории мордовского народа. Саранск, 1959. *Пудалов Б. М., Начальный период истории древнейших городов Среднего Поволжья. (XII ѕ первая треть XIII в.) Нижний Новгород, 2003 *Фомин В. В., Пургасова Русь. Институт Российской истории РАН, 2007. *Устно-поэтическое творчество мордовского народа в 12 томах, Саранск, 1963-2003 *Мордовская мифология/ Энциклопедия. Саранск, 2013

References

Sources

* * * * * * * *{{cite news, last1=Kryukov, first1=N., title=Sernya the Jewelers' City, url=http://dlib.eastview.com/browse/doc/18676292, newspaper=Nasha Penza, issue=30, date=17 June 2008, language=ru 13th-century births 1242 deaths Queens 13th-century soldiers Military strategists 13th-century rulers in Europe Moksha people