The NS Class 3400 was a series of
diesel multiple unit
A diesel multiple unit or DMU is a multiple-unit train powered by on-board diesel engines. A DMU requires no separate locomotive, as the engines are incorporated into one or more of the carriages. Diesel-powered single-unit railcars are also ...
which were in service in the Netherlands between 1996 and 2017 and were built by
Duewag
Düwag or Duewag, formerly Waggonfabrik Uerdingen, was a German manufacturer of rail vehicles. It was sold in 1999 to Siemens with the brand later retired.
History
Duewag was founded in March 1898 as Waggonfabrik Uerdingen in Uerdingen an ...
,
Talbot
Talbot was an automobile marque introduced in 1902 by English-French company Clément-Talbot. The founders, Charles Chetwynd-Talbot, 20th Earl of Shrewsbury and Adolphe Clément-Bayard, reduced their financial interests in their Clément-Talbot ...
and
SIG
Sig used as a name may refer to:
* Sig (given name)
*Sig, Algeria, a city on the banks of the Sig River
*Sig Alert, an alert for traffic congestion in California, named after Loyd Sigmon
*Sig River, a river of Algeria also known as Mekerra
sig (l ...
between 1996 and 1998. They were operated by the
Nederlandse Spoorwegen
Nederlandse Spoorwegen (NS; ; en, "Dutch Railways") is the principal passenger railway operator in the Netherlands. It is a Dutch state-owned company founded in 1938. The Dutch rail network is one of the busiest in the European Union, and the ...
and between 1999 until 2014 under lease by
Syntus
Keolis Nederland is a public transport company operating bus and passenger train services in the Netherlands. Originally created as Syntus and owned by Connexxion, Keolis and Nederlandse Spoorwegen, since 2012 Keolis Nederland has been a 100% subs ...
. The class is referred to as DM'90 meaning diesel rolling stock (Diesel Materieel in Dutch) of the 1990s or Buffel, which means Buffalo. The DM'90 series was developed alongside the short lived, electric SM'90 ("stopping-train" or commuter rolling stock of the 1990s) series with which it shares the unusual body cross section. Class 3400 were the last DMUs in service with NS, the older DE3 ("Plan U") and DH1/2 ("Wadloper") series having been replaced by the
diesel electric
Diesel may refer to:
* Diesel engine, an internal combustion engine where ignition is caused by compression
* Diesel fuel, a liquid fuel used in diesel engines
* Diesel locomotive, a railway locomotive in which the prime mover is a diesel engin ...
Stadler GTW
The Stadler GTW is an articulated railcar for local transport made by Stadler Rail of Switzerland. GTW stands for Gelenktriebwagen (articulated railcar).
History
The Biel–Täuffelen–Ins-Bahn near Bern, Switzerland was looking for a lighter ...
which are still in use with other operators in the Netherlands. Since January 2018, all units are now stored out of service and 32 units have been sold to SKPL - Polish private railway operator.
History
In 1993, NS ordered 53 units of the class from Talbot, now Bombardier. The electrical systems, train controls, and diagnostic systems were delivered by Holec Ridderkerk, now
Alstom
Alstom SA is a French multinational rolling stock manufacturer operating worldwide in rail transport markets, active in the fields of passenger transportation, signalling, and locomotives, with products including the AGV, TGV, Eurostar, Avelia ...
. Duewag installed the interiors of the trains in
Krefeld
Krefeld ( , ; li, Krieëvel ), also spelled Crefeld until 1925 (though the spelling was still being used in British papers throughout the Second World War), is a city in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is located northwest of Düsseldorf, i ...
, after which the units were transferred to the Netherlands. Unit 3401 was delivered on March 12, 1996, and the last unit, 3453, was brought into service in 1998.
Originally there were intentions to order a follow-up series of the 2-car units, alongside the possible development of a single-car unit, however these were never realised due to the privatisation of many of the diesel-served lines.
The rolling stock was introduced in the end of the 1990s on a large portion of the non-electrified lines in the Netherlands. In the period thereafter many of these routes were transferred to private sector operators, Syntus and several other operators used the sets for their services, others were temporarily used on electrified sectors for local services.
Description
Like the SM'90 ("Railhopper"), the DM'90 uses a non-standard width of , this was made possible by the distinctly bent side-walls which allowed the cars to be wider than conventional trains while being within the
loading gauge
A loading gauge is a diagram or physical structure that defines the maximum height and width dimensions in railway vehicles and their loads. Their purpose is to ensure that rail vehicles can pass safely through tunnels and under bridges, and ke ...
. This allowed a 5 abreast seating arrangement, however the trains were eventually delivered with only the standard 4 abreast configuration.
Power is provided by two Cummins (NTA 855 R4) diesel motors, each delivering up to of power to the
Voith
The Voith Group is a German manufacturer of machines for the pulp and paper industry, technical equipment for hydropower plants and drive and braking systems. The family-owned company, which operates worldwide and has its headquarters in Hei ...
hydraulic transmission, driving the axles on the inner bogies. The bogies were
Stork-manufactured RMO 9000 series, also used on the SM'90, and
DD-IRM trains. The top speed was , reduced to when running in combination with the older (also diesel-hydraulic)
Wadloper series trains.
The combination of disk brakes and quiet operation results that the trains were often poorly detected by axle counters which are commonly found on the lines where the DM'90 operates. Train-protection is provided by
ATB-NG. For cross-border operations out of Heerlen, three sets were equipped with the German
PZB train protection system along with boarding steps to accommodate the lower platform height.
Between 2008 and 2013, the sets operating between Zwolle and Kampen were provided with passenger information displays showing connection information in Zwolle, as tendered by the province of
Overijssel
Overijssel (, ; nds, Oaveriessel ; german: Oberyssel) is a Provinces of the Netherlands, province of the Netherlands located in the eastern part of the country. The province's name translates to "across the IJssel", from the perspective of the ...
.
Stentor en NS stappen in uniek project
Persbericht Stentor, 04-04-2008. (in Dutch)
The trains were equipped with heating provided by both engine heat and, when necessary, additional electrical heaters. In depots, the heaters can be powered externally to avoid the need for operating the motors. Air conditioning is only present in the driver cab.
Specific operations
3403 and 3410 were branded for the Zwolle - Kampen service.
3401, 3402, 3404, 3412 and 3414 were branded for the Apeldoorn - Zutphen service.
Previous operations
Operations on these lines transferred from Syntus
Keolis Nederland is a public transport company operating bus and passenger train services in the Netherlands. Originally created as Syntus and owned by Connexxion, Keolis and Nederlandse Spoorwegen, since 2012 Keolis Nederland has been a 100% subs ...
to Arriva
Arriva plc is a British multinational public transport company headquartered in Sunderland, England.[public transport timetable
A public transport timetable (also timetable and North American English schedule) is a document setting out information on public transport service times, to assist passengers with planning a trip. Typically, the timetable will list the times w ...]
2013.
Details
Syntus details
Gallery
Image:Buffel binnen.jpg, Interior of the DM '90
Image:Buffel Interieur.jpg, Interior of the DM '90
Image:Buffel.jpg, A DM '90 hired to Syntus at Winterswijk
Winterswijk (; also known as ''Winterswiek'' or ''Wenters'') is a municipality and a town in the eastern Netherlands. It has a population of and is situated in the Achterhoek, which lies in the easternmost part of the province of Gelderland in th ...
Image:Dm90.JPG, A DM '90 for the Apeldoorn
Apeldoorn (; Dutch Low Saxon: ) is a municipality and city in the province of Gelderland in the centre of the Netherlands. It is located about 60 km east of Utrecht, 60 km west of Enschede, 25 km north of Arnhem and 35 km south of Zwolle. The ...
- Zutphen
Zutphen () is a city and municipality located in the province of Gelderland, Netherlands. It lies some 30 km northeast of Arnhem, on the eastern bank of the river Ijssel at the point where it is joined by the Berkel. First mentioned in the 1 ...
service at Winterswijk for maintenance
Image:Dm90buffelsyntus.JPG, Several DM '90's at Winterswijk
Image:DM '90 Apeldoorn.JPG, A DM '90 for the Apeldoorn
Apeldoorn (; Dutch Low Saxon: ) is a municipality and city in the province of Gelderland in the centre of the Netherlands. It is located about 60 km east of Utrecht, 60 km west of Enschede, 25 km north of Arnhem and 35 km south of Zwolle. The ...
- Zutphen
Zutphen () is a city and municipality located in the province of Gelderland, Netherlands. It lies some 30 km northeast of Arnhem, on the eastern bank of the river Ijssel at the point where it is joined by the Berkel. First mentioned in the 1 ...
service approaching Apeldoorn
Apeldoorn (; Dutch Low Saxon: ) is a municipality and city in the province of Gelderland in the centre of the Netherlands. It is located about 60 km east of Utrecht, 60 km west of Enschede, 25 km north of Arnhem and 35 km south of Zwolle. The ...
Image:DM'90 te Voorst-Empe.jpg, A DM '90 at Voorst-Empe
Image:Schnellzugvenloroermond.jpg, A DM '90 at Venlo
Venlo () is a List of cities in the Netherlands by province, city and List of municipalities of the Netherlands, municipality in the southeastern Netherlands, close to the border with Germany. It is situated in the province of Limburg (Netherland ...
before Veolia
Veolia Environnement S.A., branded as Veolia, is a French transnational company with activities in three main service and utility areas traditionally managed by public authorities – water management, waste management and energy services. It pr ...
took over the service
Image:Dm90 dronrijp.jpg, A NoordNed DM '90 at Dronrijp
Dronryp ( nl, Dronrijp) is a village in the Dutch municipality of Waadhoeke. On 1 January 2017, it had 3,281 inhabitants.
History and architecture
Before 2018, the village was part of the Menameradiel municipality. A few centuries BC, a settleme ...
Image:Station Franeker 02.JPG, A NoordNed DM '90 arriving at Franeker
Franeker (; fry, Frjentsjer) is one of the eleven historical cities of Friesland and capital of the municipality of Waadhoeke. It is located north of the Van Harinxmakanaal and about 20 km west of Leeuwarden. As of 1 January 2014, it had 12, ...
Image:DM'90 2010 Routes.jpg, Routes where DM '90 can commonly be seen
Image:DM90-3445.jpg, DM '90 bought by SKPL in Zagórz, Poland
References
{{DEFAULTSORT:Ns Class 3400
Diesel multiple units of the Netherlands
Duewag
Waggonfabrik Talbot