Murray Campbell is a

Canadian Canadians (french: Canadiens) are people identified with the country of Canada. This connection may be residential, legal, historical or cultural. For most Canadians, many (or all) of these connections exist and are collectively the source of ...

computer scientist A computer scientist is a person who is trained in the academic study of computer science. Computer scientists typically work on the theoretical side of computation, as opposed to the hardware side on which computer engineers mainly focus (a ...

known for being part of the team that created Deep Blue; the first computer to defeat a

world chess champion The World Chess Championship is played to determine the world champion in chess. The current world champion is Magnus Carlsen of Norway, who has held the title since 2013. The first event recognized as a world championship was the 1886 matc ...

Biography

Campbell was involved in surveillance projects related to petroleum production, disease outbreak, and financial data. In earlier work, Campbell was a member of the teams that developed chess machines:

HiTech HiTech is a chess machine built at Carnegie Mellon University under the direction of World Correspondence Chess Champion Dr. Hans J. Berliner, by Berliner, Carl Ebeling, Murray Campbell, and Gordon Goetsch. HiTech was the first computer chess ...

and a project to culminate in Deep Blue, the latter being the first computer to defeat the reigning world

chess Chess is a board game for two players, called White and Black, each controlling an army of chess pieces in their color, with the objective to checkmate the opponent's king. It is sometimes called international chess or Western chess to dist ...

champion,

Garry Kasparov Garry Kimovich Kasparov (born 13 April 1963) is a Russian chess grandmaster, former World Chess Champion, writer, political activist and commentator. His peak rating of 2851, achieved in 1999, was the highest recorded until being surpassed by ...

, in a challenge match, in 1997. Kasparov had won an earlier match the previous year. (Based on text taken from a newsletter by Mike Oettel, of the Shriver Center at UMBC.) Campbell visited UMBC for a speech called "IBM's Deep Blue: Ten Years After" on February 5, 2007. In the University Center building, he presented the background that led up to the decisive match with Kasparov, reviewed the match itself (with Kasparov and similar matches), and explored some of the design decisions that were made when building Deep Blue. Murray put emphasis on some of the broader implications of Deep Blue's development and victory on the

information technology Information technology (IT) is the use of computers to create, process, store, retrieve, and exchange all kinds of data . and information. IT forms part of information and communications technology (ICT). An information technology syste ...

industry and

artificial intelligence Artificial intelligence (AI) is intelligence—perceiving, synthesizing, and inferring information—demonstrated by machines, as opposed to intelligence displayed by animals and humans. Example tasks in which this is done include speech ...

. He is a Senior Manager in the Business Analytics and Mathematical Sciences Department at the IBM

Thomas J. Watson Research Center The Thomas J. Watson Research Center is the headquarters for IBM Research. The center comprises three sites, with its main laboratory in Yorktown Heights, New York, U.S., 38 miles (61 km) north of New York City, Albany, New York and wit ...

in Yorktown Heights, New York, USA. The mission of the Services Modeling group is to apply technical expertise in areas such as optimization,

forecasting Forecasting is the process of making predictions based on past and present data. Later these can be compared (resolved) against what happens. For example, a company might estimate their revenue in the next year, then compare it against the actual ...

probabilistic analysis Probability is the branch of mathematics concerning numerical descriptions of how likely an event is to occur, or how likely it is that a proposition is true. The probability of an event is a number between 0 and 1, where, roughly speaking ...

. The focus is in the area of Business Analytics and Workforce Management. Solutions are developed that include services project management, skill analytics, demand forecasting, workplace learning, workforce optimization, and strategic planning.

Personal life

Campbell himself played chess at near National Master strength in Canada during his student days, but has not played competitively for more than 20 years. His peak

Elo rating The Elo rating system is a method for calculating the relative skill levels of players in zero-sum games such as chess. It is named after its creator Arpad Elo, a Hungarian-American physics professor. The Elo system was invented as an improved c ...

was around 2200.

Honors and awards

North American Computer Chess Championship The North American Computer Chess Championship was a computer chess championship held from 1970 to 1994. It was organised by the Association for Computing Machinery and by Monty Newborn, Professor of Computer Science at McGill University. It was one ...

: Member of winning teams in 1985 (

), 1987 (

ChipTest ChipTest was a 1985 chess playing computer built by Feng-hsiung Hsu, Thomas Anantharaman and Murray Campbell at Carnegie Mellon University. It is the predecessor of Deep Thought which in turn evolved into Deep Blue. ChipTest was based on a spec ...

), 1988 ( Deep Thought), 1989 (

and Deep Thought), 1990 ( Deep Thought), 1991 ( Deep Thought) and 1994 ( Deep Thought). 1989 World Computer Chess Championship, winning team ( Deep Thought) Campbell shared the $100,000 Fredkin Prize with Feng-hsiung Hsu and A. Joseph Hoane Jr. in 1997. The prize was awarded for developing the first computer ( Deep Blue) to defeat a reigning world chess champion in a match. Campbell received the Allen Newell Research Excellence Medal in 1997, citing his contributions to Deep Blue (first computer to defeat a world chess champion), Deep Thought (first Grandmaster level computer) and

(first Senior Master level computer). Campbell was elected Fellow of the Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence in 2012 for "significant contributions to computer game-playing, especially chess, and the associated improvement in public awareness of the AI endeavor."

References

External links

Home page at IBM Research
{{DEFAULTSORT:Campbell, Murray IBM employees Canadian computer scientists American computer scientists Canadian chess players Computer chess people University of Alberta alumni Carnegie Mellon University alumni Living people Year of birth missing (living people) Fellows of the Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence