The Order of Lenin Moscow Military District was a

military district Military districts (also called military regions) are formations of a state's armed forces (often of the Army) which are responsible for a certain area of territory. They are often more responsible for administrative than operational matters, and ...

of the

Soviet Armed Forces The Soviet Armed Forces, the Armed Forces of the Soviet Union and as the Red Army (, Вооружённые Силы Советского Союза), were the armed forces of the Russian SFSR (1917–1922), the Soviet Union (1922–1991), and th ...

and the

Armed Forces of the Russian Federation The Armed Forces of the Russian Federation (, ), commonly referred to as the Russian Armed Forces, are the military forces of Russia. In terms of active-duty personnel, they are the world's fifth-largest military force, with at least two m ...

. The district was awarded the

Order of Lenin The Order of Lenin (russian: Орден Ленина, Orden Lenina, ), named after the leader of the Russian October Revolution, was established by the Central Executive Committee on April 6, 1930. The order was the highest civilian decoration ...

in 1968. In 2010 it was merged with the

Leningrad Military District The Leningrad Military District was a military district of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. In 2010 it was merged with the Moscow Military District, the Northern Fleet and the Baltic Fleet to form the new Western Military District ...

, the

Northern Fleet Severnyy flot , image = Great emblem of the Northern Fleet.svg , image_size = 150px , caption = Northern Fleet's great emblem , start_date = June 1, 1733; Sov ...

and the Baltic Fleet to form the new

Western Military District The Western Military District (russian: Западный военный округ, Zapadnyy voyennyy okrug) is a military district of Russia. It is one of the five military districts of the Russian Armed Forces, with its jurisdiction primari ...

History

In the beginning of the second half of the 19th century Russian officials realized the need for re-organization of the Imperial Russian Army to meet new circumstances. During May 1862, the War Ministry, headed by

Army General Army general is the highest ranked general officer in many countries that use the French Revolutionary System.　 In countries that adopt the general officer four rank system, it is rank of general commanding an army in the field, but in coun ...

Dmitry Milyutin Count Dmitry Alekseyevich Milyutin ( rus, Граф Дми́трий Алексе́евич Милю́тин, tr. ; 28 June 1816, Moscow – 25 January 1912, Simeiz near Yalta) was Minister of War (1861–81) and the last Field Marshal of I ...

, introduced to Tsar Alexander II of Russia proposals for the reorganization of the army, which included the formation of fifteen military districts. A tsarist edict of 6 August 1864, announced in a Defence Minister’s order on 10 August of the same year, established ten military districts, including

Moscow Moscow ( , US chiefly ; rus, links=no, Москва, r=Moskva, p=mɐskˈva, a=Москва.ogg) is the capital and largest city of Russia. The city stands on the Moskva River in Central Russia, with a population estimated at 13.0 million ...

. The District’s territory then comprised 12

provinces A province is almost always an administrative division within a country or state. The term derives from the ancient Roman '' provincia'', which was the major territorial and administrative unit of the Roman Empire's territorial possessions ou ...

Vladimir Vladimir may refer to: Names * Vladimir (name) for the Bulgarian, Croatian, Czech, Macedonian, Romanian, Russian, Serbian, Slovak and Slovenian spellings of a Slavic name * Uladzimir for the Belarusian version of the name * Volodymyr for the Ukr ...

Vologda Vologda ( rus, Вологда, p=ˈvoləɡdə) is a city and the administrative center of Vologda Oblast, Russia, located on the river Vologda within the watershed of the Northern Dvina. Population: The city serves as a major transport hu ...

, Kaluga,

Kostroma Kostroma ( rus, Кострома́, p=kəstrɐˈma) is a historic types of inhabited localities in Russia, city and the administrative center of Kostroma Oblast, Russia. A part of the Golden Ring of Russia, Golden Ring of Russian cities, it is lo ...

Nizhniy Novgorod Nizhny Novgorod ( ; rus, links=no, Нижний Новгород, a=Ru-Nizhny Novgorod.ogg, p=ˈnʲiʐnʲɪj ˈnovɡərət ), colloquially shortened to Nizhny, from the 13th to the 17th century Novgorod of the Lower Land, formerly known as Gork ...

Ryazan Ryazan ( rus, Рязань, p=rʲɪˈzanʲ, a=ru-Ryazan.ogg) is the largest city and administrative center of Ryazan Oblast, Russia. The city is located on the banks of the Oka River in Central Russia, southeast of Moscow. As of the 2010 Cens ...

Smolensk Smolensk ( rus, Смоленск, p=smɐˈlʲensk, a=smolensk_ru.ogg) is a city and the administrative center of Smolensk Oblast, Russia, located on the Dnieper River, west-southwest of Moscow. First mentioned in 863, it is one of the oldest ...

Tambov Tambov (, ; rus, Тамбов, p=tɐmˈbof) is a city and the administrative center of Tambov Oblast, central Russia, at the confluence of the Tsna and Studenets Rivers, about south-southeast of Moscow. Population: 280,161 ( 2010 Census); 29 ...

Tver Tver ( rus, Тверь, p=tvʲerʲ) is a city and the administrative centre of Tver Oblast, Russia. It is northwest of Moscow. Population: Tver was formerly the capital of a powerful medieval state and a model provincial town in the Russian ...

, Tula, and

Yaroslavl Yaroslavl ( rus, Ярослáвль, p=jɪrɐˈsɫavlʲ) is a city and the administrative center of Yaroslavl Oblast, Russia, located northeast of Moscow. The historic part of the city is a World Heritage Site, and is located at the confluenc ...

. The District was intended as a reinforcement source for troops and equipment, being some distance from the frontier, rather than an operational area. The District dispatched five infantry and a cavalry division south to the Russo-Turkish War of 1877–8, as well as sending another division to the

Caucasus The Caucasus () or Caucasia (), is a region between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea, mainly comprising Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia (country), Georgia, and parts of Southern Russia. The Caucasus Mountains, including the Greater Caucasus range ...

area. This force totaled around 30,000 men and 20,000 horses. Over 80,000 men were also called into reserve units. The District also housed 21,000 Turkish prisoners of war. During the

First World War World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, the United States, and the Ottoman Empire, with fightin ...

over a million men were stationed in the district. Much of the garrison was involved in the

October Revolution The October Revolution,. officially known as the Great October Socialist Revolution. in the Soviet Union, also known as the Bolshevik Revolution, was a revolution in Russia led by the Bolshevik Party of Vladimir Lenin that was a key mome ...

of 1917, and consequent establishment of a

Soviet The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen nation ...

regime in the cities of

Bryansk Bryansk ( rus, Брянск, p=brʲansk) is a types of inhabited localities in Russia, city and the administrative center of Bryansk Oblast, Russia, situated on the Desna (river), River Desna, southwest of Moscow. Population: Geography Urban la ...

, Vladimir,

Voronezh Voronezh ( rus, links=no, Воро́неж, p=vɐˈronʲɪʂ}) is a city and the administrative centre of Voronezh Oblast in southwestern Russia straddling the Voronezh River, located from where it flows into the Don River. The city sits on ...

, Kaluga,

, Orel, Tver, Yaroslavl. By a resolution of the Moscow military revolutionary committee on , Corps Commander N.I. Muralov was assigned as the new commander of the district. In the period of the

Russian Civil War {{Infobox military conflict , conflict = Russian Civil War , partof = the Russian Revolution and the aftermath of World War I , image = , caption = Clockwise from top left: {{flatlist, *Soldiers ...

and military intervention in Russia 1917 - 22 the District prepared military personnel for all the fronts and supplied the

Red Army The Workers' and Peasants' Red Army ( Russian: Рабо́че-крестья́нская Кра́сная армия),) often shortened to the Red Army, was the army and air force of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic and, afte ...

with different forms of armament and allowances. From June to the middle of September 1919 the District conducted 33 callups totalling more than 500,000 people. In Moscow the 1 Moscow Rifle Division,

Warsaw Warsaw ( pl, Warszawa, ), officially the Capital City of Warsaw,, abbreviation: ''m.st. Warszawa'' is the capital and largest city of Poland. The metropolis stands on the River Vistula in east-central Poland, and its population is officia ...

revolutionary infantry regiment, and 2nd revolutionary infantry regiment were formed, and Latvian forces were brought to the Latvian Rifles Division. In Voronezh two cavalry divisions were formed, two rifle divisions and two rifle regiments in

, and the

16th Rifle Division The 16th Rifle Division (russian: 16-я стрелковая Литовская Клайпедская Краснознамённая дивизия, translit=16-ya strelkovaya Litovskaya Klaypedskaya Krasnoznamonnaya diviziya; ; lt, 16-oji 'Lie ...

in Tambov. Artillery units too were also being raised in the capital area. After the end of Civil War in the troops of region were demobilized, as a result of which their number was reduced from 580,000 (at the end of 1920) to 85,000 in January 1923, and the District was reorganised on a peacetime basis. In the 1920s the District had 10 rifle divisions: the 1st Moscow Proletariat Red Banner Rifle Division (first formed either in December 1924 or at the beginning of 1927), the 6th Oryol; the 14th Vladimir; the 17th Nikhegorodskaya; the 18th Yaroslavskaya; the 19th Voronekhskaya; the 48th Tverskaya; the 55th Kurskaya; the 81st Kaluga; and the 84th Tula. Autumn maneuvers began to be conducted yearly here in the district. The 2nd Rifle Corps was stationed in the district from 1922 to 1936. In the beginning of the 1930 tanks started to be introduced, including the MS or T-18,

T-26 The T-26 tank was a Soviet light tank used during many conflicts of the Interwar period and in World War II. It was a development of the British Vickers 6-Ton tank and was one of the most successful tank designs of the 1930s until its light ...

T-27 The T-27 was a tankette produced in the 1930s by the Soviet Union. It was based on the design of the Carden Loyd tankette, bought under license from the United Kingdom in 1930. Design The Soviets were not fully satisfied with the Carden Loyd des ...

, BT,

T-28 The T-28 was a Soviet multi-turreted medium tank. The prototype was completed in 1931, and production began in late 1932. It was an infantry support tank intended to break through fortified defences. The T-28 was designed to complement the hea ...

, and the heavy

T-35 The T-35 was a Soviet Union, Soviet multi-gun turret, turreted heavy tank of the interwar period and early Second World War that saw limited production and service with the Red Army. Often called a land battleship, it was the only five-turreted ...

. In 1930 the first mechanized infantry brigade in the Soviet Army was formed in the district. Russian Ground Forces - Moscow Military District Map

The

Russian Ground Forces The Russian Ground Forces (russian: Сухопутные войска �ВSukhoputnyye voyska V}), also known as the Russian Army (, ), are the land forces of the Russian Armed Forces. The primary responsibilities of the Russian Ground Forces ...

' official site notes that the first tactical parachute landing took place in the District on 2 August 1930. In World War II the District formed three fronts, 23

armies An army (from Old French ''armee'', itself derived from the Latin verb ''armāre'', meaning "to arm", and related to the Latin noun ''arma'', meaning "arms" or "weapons"), ground force or land force is a fighting force that fights primarily on ...

, 128 divisions of all arms, and 197 brigades of all arms, an approximate total of 4.5 million men. In 1944–5 alone the District sent to the front 1,200,000 soldiers. From summer 1945 to summer 1946, in order to supervise the demobilisation process, the District was subdivided into four: the Moscow,

(1949–60),

Gorki Gorki may refer to: * Gorki Águila (b. 1968), Cuban rock musician *Gorki (band), a Belgian band of Luc De Vos * Gorki (Kazan Metro), a station of the Kazan Metro, Kazan, Russia * Gorki Ridge, a ridge in Antarctica * Gorki, Russia, several inha ...

(1945—1947, 1949—1953) (where the

324th Rifle Division The 324th Rifle Division was a standard Soviet Union, Soviet infantry division of the Red Army during World War II. It was formed as part of the massive mobilization of August 1941, and first saw action in early December in the Battle of Moscow, co ...

was probably demobilised), and Smolensk Military Districts ( 33rd Army, home from Germany, formed Smolensk MD headquarters in late 1945). General

Kirill Moskalenko Kirill Semyonovich Moskalenko (russian: Кирилл Семёнович Москаленко, uk, Кирило Семенович Москаленко; May 11, 1902 – June 17, 1985) was a Marshal of the Soviet Union. A member of the Soviet Arm ...

took command of the District in 1953 and would later be a Marshal of the Soviet Union after leaving his post. The

Voronezh Military District The Voronezh Military District was a formation of the Soviet Armed Forces, which existed in 1945–1946 and 1949–1960, respectively. District headquarters was in Voronezh. The District was formed on July 9, 1945, and incorporated the Voronezh Ob ...

was reactivated in 1949 and was active until 1960. In January 1954 the district's forces comprised the 1st Guards Rifle Corps (including the 62nd Guards Mechanised Division and the

60th Rifle Division 6 (six) is the natural number following 5 and preceding 7. It is a composite number and the smallest perfect number. In mathematics Six is the smallest positive integer which is neither a square number nor a prime number; it is the second small ...

); the 11th Guards Rifle Corps ( 272nd Rifle Division and 23rd Guards Mechanized Division), the

13th Guards Rifle Corps In music or music theory, a thirteenth is the note thirteen scale degrees from the root of a chord and also the interval between the root and the thirteenth. The interval can be also described as a compound sixth, spanning an octave ...

( 38th Guards Rifle Division and the 66th Guards Mechanised Division), 38th Guards Airborne Corps (13th Guards, 105th Guards Vienna Airborne Division and 106th Airborne Division) and the 4th Guards Kantemirovskaya Tank Division. Among the 1957 reorganisations was the creation of the 23rd Guards Motor Rifle Division from the 23rd Guards Mechanized Division. On 22 February 1968, for the large contribution to the cause of strengthening the defense of the state, for its successes in combat and political training, and in view of the 50th anniversary of the Soviet Army plus its important role in the 2nd World War, the District was awarded with the Order of Lenin. In 1979 Scott and Scott reported the HQ address as being Moscow, A-252, Chapayevskiy Per., Dom 14.

Commanders

Commanders (1864-1917)

*General of Infantry Alexander von Güldenstubbe; (August 10, 1864 - April 17, 1879) *Adjutant General, General of the Cavalry Pontus Brevern-de la Gardie; (April 17, 1879 - August 30, 1888) *Adjutant General, General of Artillery Apostol Kostanda; (August 1888 - May 1896) *Adjutant General, Lieutenant General,

Grand Duke Sergei Alexandrovich of Russia Grand Duke Sergei Alexandrovich of Russia (''Сергей Александрович''; 11 May 1857 – 17 February 1905) was the fifth son and seventh child of Emperor Alexander II of Russia. He was an influential figure during the reigns of hi ...

; (May 1896 - February 4, 1905) *General of Infantry

Nikolai Nikolayevich Malakhov Nikolai Nikolayevich Malakhov (18274 April 1908) was a Russian military leader and general of infantry (1895). Biography Malakhov was born on 6 (18) May 1827 (in the Petersburg necropolis - 1826) in Arkhangelsk, in the family of the manager of ...

; (February 1905 - January 1906) *Lieutenant General

Sergei Konstantinovich Gershelman Sergey Konstantinovich Gershelman (russian: Серге́й Константинович Гершельман, translit=Sergéj Konstantinovič Geshel'man; 26 June 1854 – 17 October 1910), was an Imperial Russian Army general of German descent, ...

; (January 15, 1906 - March 17, 1909) *General of the cavalry Paul von Plehwe; (March 17, 1909 - July 19, 1914) *General of Infantry Alexander G. Sandetsky; (July 1914 - May 1915) *Adjutant General, Lieutenant General Prince Felix Felixovitch Soumarokov-Elston; (May 5, 1915 - June 19, 1915) *General of Infantry Petr. D. Olkhovsky; (July 1915 - September 1915) *General of Artillery Iosif Mrozovsky; (September 22, 1915 - March 1, 1917) *Lieutenant Colonel Alexander E. Gruzinov (March 1917 - April 1917) *Colonel

Aleksander Verkhovsky Aleksandr Ivanovich Verkhovsky (russian: links=no, Александр Иванович Верховский; November 27, 1886 – August 19, 1938) was a Russian military and political figure. He was briefly the Minister of War of the Provisional ...

(May 31, 1917 - August 30, 1917) *Lieutenant Colonel Konstantin I. Ryabtsev (September 1917 - November 1917)

Commanders (1918–2010s)

Nikolay Muralov Nikolay Ivanovich Muralov (russian: Николай Иванович Муралов; 7 December 1877 – 1 February 1937) was a Bolshevik revolutionary leader and military commander in Russia, who after 1923 became a member of the Left Opposition. ...

, (November 1917 - February 1919) *Sergey Natsarenus, (March 1919 - June 1919) *Aleksandr Burdukov, (June 1919 - December 1920) *Pavel Petryaev, (December 1920 - February 1921) *

, (March 1921 - April 1924) *

Kliment Voroshilov Kliment Yefremovich Voroshilov (, uk, Климент Охрімович Ворошилов, ''Klyment Okhrimovyč Vorošylov''), popularly known as Klim Voroshilov (russian: link=no, Клим Вороши́лов, ''Klim Vorošilov''; 4 Februa ...

, (April 1924 - November 1925) *

Georgy Bazilevich Georgy Dmitrievich Bazilevich (January 26, 1889 – March 3, 1939) was a Soviet komkor (corps commander). He fought for the Imperial Russian Army during World War I before going over to the Bolsheviks in the subsequent Civil War. He was awarded th ...

, (November 1925 - May 1927) *

Boris Shaposhnikov , birth_name = Boris Mikhailovitch Shaposhnikov , birth_date = , death_date = , birth_place = Zlatoust, Ufa GovernorateRussian Empire , death_place = Moscow, Soviet Union , placeofburial = Kremlin Wall Necropolis , placeof ...

, (May 1927 - January 1928) * Commandarm August Kork (1930–1935) *

Comcor (russian: комкор) is the abbreviation for Corps commander (russian: командир корпуса, komandir korpusa; ), and was a military rank in the Soviet Armed Forces of the USSR in the period from 1935 to 1940. It was also the d ...

Boris Gorbachyov (1935) * Commandarm 1st Rank Ivan Belov (1935–1937) *

Marshal of the Soviet Union Marshal of the Soviet Union (russian: Маршал Советского Союза, Marshal sovetskogo soyuza, ) was the highest military rank of the Soviet Union. The rank of Marshal of the Soviet Union was created in 1935 and abolished in 19 ...

Semyon Budyonny Semyon Mikhailovich Budyonnyy ( rus, Семён Миха́йлович Будённый, Semyon Mikháylovich Budyonnyy, p=sʲɪˈmʲɵn mʲɪˈxajləvʲɪdʑ bʊˈdʲɵnːɨj, a=ru-Simeon Budyonniy.ogg; – 26 October 1973) was a Russian ca ...

(1937–1939) * General of the Army

Ivan Tyulenev Ivan Vladimirovich Tyulenev (; 28 January 189215 August 1978) was a Soviet military commander, one of the first to be promoted to the rank of General of the Army in 1940. Biography Tyulenvev was born into a soldier's family in the Simbirsk G ...

(1939–1941) * Colonel General Pavel Artemyev (1944–1947) *Marshal of the Soviet Union

Kirill Meretskov Kirill Afanasievich Meretskov (russian: Кири́лл Афана́сьевич Мерецко́в; – 30 December 1968) was a Soviet military commander. Having joined the Communist Party in 1917, he served in the Red Army from 1920. During th ...

(1947–1949) *Colonel General Pavel Artemyev (1949–June 1953) *General of the Army

(June 1953–October 1960) *Мarshal of the Soviet Union

Nikolay Krylov Nikolay Krylov may refer to: *Nikolay Krylov (marshal) (1903–1972), Soviet marshal *Nikolay Krylov (mathematician, born 1879) (1879–1955), Russian mathematician *Nikolay Krylov (mathematician, born 1941) (born 1941), Russian mathematician *Niko ...

(October 1960–4 March 1963) *General of the Army

Afanasy Beloborodov Afanasy Pavlantyevich Beloborodov (russian: Афанасий Павлантьевич Белобородов; – 1 September 1990) was general in the Red Army during the Second World War who was twice awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union. ...

(5 March 1963 – 1968) *Colonel General Yevgeny Ivanovsky (1968–1972) *Colonel General (promoted to General of the Army October 1977) Vladimir Govorov (1972–1980) (son of the Soviet Marshal

Leonid Govorov Leonid Aleksandrovich Govorov (russian: Леони́д Алекса́ндрович Го́воров; – 19 March 1955) was a Soviet military commander. Trained as an artillery officer, he joined the Red Army in 1920. He graduated from several ...

) *General of the Army Petr Lushev (1980–June 1985) *Colonel General

Vladimir Arkhipov Vladimir Mikhailovich Arkhipov ( Russian: Владимир Миха́йлович Архи́пов; 1 June 1933 – 27 October 2004) was a Soviet army general and politician. Military service In 1972 he graduated from the Military Academy of t ...

(June 1985–August 1988) *General of the Army Konstantin Kochetov (August 1988–May 1989) *Colonel General Nikolai Kalinin (May 1989–September 1991) *

Lieutenant General Lieutenant general (Lt Gen, LTG and similar) is a three-star military rank (NATO code OF-8) used in many countries. The rank traces its origins to the Middle Ages, where the title of lieutenant general was held by the second-in-command on the ...

Vladimir Toporov Vladimir Nikolayevich Toporov (russian: Влади́мир Никола́евич Топоро́в; 5 July 1928 in Moscow5 December 2005 in Moscow) was a leading Russian philologist associated with the Tartu-Moscow semiotic school. His wife was ...

(September 1991–17 May 1992) *Colonel General Leonty Kuznetsov (1992–1999) *Colonel General Ivan Puzanov (1999–2001) *Colonel General Nikolai Makarov (2001, acting) *General of the Army Ivan Efremov (2001–2005) *General of the Army Vladimir Bakin (2005–2009) *Colonel General

Valery Gerasimov Valery Vasilyevich Gerasimov ( rus, Валерий Васильевич Герасимов, p=vɐˈlʲerʲɪj vɐˈsʲilʲjɪvʲɪdʑ ɡʲɪˈrasʲɪməf; born 8 September 1955) is a Russian army general serving as the Chief of the General S ...

(2009–2010)

Structure c. 1989

Order of battle c. 1989

C0214-Kstovo-Military-engineering-school

Units directly subordinated to the District HQ

District Command and Headquarters (''Управление командующего и штаб'') -

, RSFSR * 367th Separate Staff Security and Supply Battalion (''367-й отдельный батальон охраны и обеспечения штаба'') - Moscow * 1st Separate Rifle Brigade for Security of the Ministry of Defence premises (''1-я отдельная стрелковая бригада охраны МО'') - Moscow (Feskov et al 2013, p505). Activated 1 October 1967 in Moscow, Moscow Oblast, from the 4th independent Regiment for Protection. * 154th Separate Commandant's Regiment (''154-й отдельный комендантский полк'') - Moscow (

Lefortovo District Lefortovo District ( rus, райо́н Лефо́ртово, a=Ru-Lefortovo.ogg, p=lʲɪˈfortəvə) is a district of South-Eastern Administrative Okrug of the federal city of Moscow, Russia. Its area is . Population: History The Lefortovo Dis ...

) * 11th Separate Cavalry Regiment (''11-й отдельный кавалерийский полк'') -

Alabino Alabino (russian: Алабино) is a rural locality in the Moscow Oblast of Russia. With a population of over 600 people, it is part of the urban settlement of Selyatino. Until 2006, Alabino was part of the Petrovsky Rural District. The town hos ...

, Moscow Oblast, RSFSR (the regiment was a horse-riding display unit actually formed in 1962 at the suggestion of film director Sergei Bondarchuk for the filming of historical dramas) * 16th Separate SpezNaz Brigade (''16-я отдельная бригада специального назначения'') - Chuchkovo, Ryazan Oblast, RSFSR * 53rd Separate Radio-technical Brigade OsNaz (''53-я отдельная радиотехническая бригада ОсНаз'') - Kaluga, Kaluga Oblast, RSFSR (GRU formation operationally attached to the district) * 312th Separate Radio-technical Regiment OsNaz (''312-й отдельный радиотехнический полк ОсНаз'') -

, Smolensk Oblast, RSFSR (GRU formation operationally attached to the district) * 225th Separate Radio-electronic Warfare Regiment (''225-й отдельный полк РЭБ'') - Novomoskovsk, Tula Oblast, RSFSR (EW Directorate of the General Staff's (Управление РЭБ ГШ СССР) unit operationally attached to the district) * 227th Separate Radio-electronic Warfare Regiment (''227-й отдельный полк РЭБ'') -

Kursk Kursk ( rus, Курск, p=ˈkursk) is a city and the administrative center of Kursk Oblast, Russia, located at the confluence of the Kur, Tuskar, and Seym rivers. The area around Kursk was the site of a turning point in the Soviet–German stru ...

, Kursk Oblast, RSFSR (EW Directorate of the General Staff's (Управление РЭБ ГШ СССР) unit operationally attached to the district) * 1384th Separate Radio-electronic Warfare Battalion (''1384-й отдельный батальон РЭБ'') Kursk (EW Directorate of the General Staff's (Управление РЭБ ГШ СССР) unit operationally attached to the district) * 106th Guards, awarded the Order of the Red Banner and the Order of Kutuzov Airborne Landing Division (''106-я гвардейская воздушно-десантная Краснознамённая, ордена Кутузова дивизия'') - Tula, Tula Oblast, RSFSR ( VDV division operationally attached to the district) * 9th Separate Nuclear Blast Detection and Reconnaissance Regiment (''9-й отдельный ордена Красной Звезды полк засечки и разведки ядерных взрывов'') - Bobrov, Voronezh Oblast, RSFSR * ? Signals Nod (''?-й узел связи'') - Moscow * 1st Separate ''Sevastopolskaya, awarded the Order of the Red Banner, the Order of Alexander Nevsky and the Order of the Red Star'' Signals Brigade of the Supreme Command (''1-я отдельная Севастопольская Краснознамённая, орденов Александра Невского и Красной Звезды бригада связи ВГК'') -

Khimki Khimki ( rus, Химки, p=ˈxʲimkʲɪ) is a city in Moscow Oblast, Russia, 18.25 kilometres northwest of central Moscow, and immediately beyond the Moscow city boundary. History Origins and formation Khimki was initially a railway station th ...

, Moscow Oblast, RSFSR * 14th Separate Signals Brigade of the Supreme Command (''14-я отдельная бригада связи ВГК'') -

Podolsk Podolsk ( rus, Подольск, p=pɐˈdolʲsk) is an industrial city, center of Podolsk Urban Okrug, Moscow Oblast, Russia, located on the Pakhra River (a tributary of the Moskva River). History The first mentions of the village of Podol, ...

, Moscow Oblast, RSFSR * 111th Separate Signals Brigade (''111-я отдельная бригада связи'') - Golitsino (possibly in

Odintsovsky District Odintsovsky District (russian: Одинцо́вский райо́н) is an administrativeLaw #11/2013-OZ and municipalLaw #64/2005-OZ district (raion), one of the thirty-six in Moscow Oblast, Russia. It is located in the western central part of ...

), Moscow Oblast, RSFSR * 112th Separate Signals Brigade for the Rear Services (''112-я отдельная бригада связи тыла'') -

Yegoryevsk Yegoryevsk (russian: Его́рьевск) is a town and the administrative center of Yegoryevsk Urban Settlement in Moscow Oblast, Russia, located on the right bank of the Guslitsa River southeast of Moscow. Toponymy Yegoryevsk was named ho ...

, Moscow Oblast, RSFSR * 90th Separate Signals Regiment (''90-й отдельный полк связи'') - Kalinin, Kalinin Oblast, RSFSR * 27th Separate ''Guards Sevastopolskaya, awarded the Order of the Red Banner'' Motor Rifle Brigade (''27-я отдельная гвардейская мотострелковая Севастопольская Краснознамённая бригада'') (г. Видное) - Vidnoye, Moscow Oblast, RSFSR (rear area security formation) * 95th Ballistic Missile Brigade (''95-я ракетная бригада'') -

Shuya, Ivanovo Oblast Shuya ( rus, Шу́я, p=ˈʂujə) is the third largest town in Ivanovo Oblast, Russia; located on the Teza River. Population: History The first record of Shuya is dated by 1393. Since 1403, the area was held by a branch of the House of S ...

, RSFSR * 126th Ballistic Missile Brigade (''126-я ракетная бригада'') -

Kobyakovo Kobyakovo (russian: Кобяково) is a rural locality (a village) in Yurovskoye Rural Settlement, Gryazovetsky District, Vologda Oblast, Russia. The population was 31 as of 2002. Geography Kobyakovo is located 27 km southwest of Gryazovets ...

, Vologda Oblast, RSFSR * 228th High Power nowiki/>2S7_Pion.html" ;"title="2S7_Pion.html" ;"title="nowiki/>2S7 Pion">nowiki/>2S7 Pion">2S7_Pion.html" ;"title="nowiki/>2S7 Pion">nowiki/>2S7 PionArtillery Brigade (''228-я артиллерийская бригада большой мощности'') - Shuya * 235th Guards Gun Artillery Brigade (''235-я гвардейская пушечная артиллерийская бригада'' - Skopin, Ryazan Oblast, RSFSR * 45th Artillery Brigade (''45-я артиллерийская бригада'') -

, Tambov Oblast, RSFSR * 167th Gun Artillery Brigade (''167-я пушечная артиллерийская бригада'') - Kalinin * 236th Gun Artillery Brigade (''236-я пушечная артиллерийская бригада'') - Tambov * 349th Anti-Tank Artillery Brigade (''349-я противотанковая артиллерийская бригада'') - Skopin * 806th Multiple Rocket Launcher Artillery Regiment (''806-й реактивный артиллерийский полк'') - Skopin * 987th Artillery Reconnaissance Regiment (''987-й разведывательный артиллерийский полк'') - Skopin * 1st Separate Guards Combat Engineer Regiment (''1-й отдельный гвардейский инженерно-сапёрный Кёнигсбергско-Городокский Краснознамённый полк'') (Ростов) * 7th Guards Combat Engineer Regiment (''7-й гвардейский инженерно-сапёрный полк'') (Белев) * 79th Separate Engineer Camouflage Construction Regiment (''79-й отдельный инженерно-маскировочный батальон'') (Ногинск) -

Noginsk Noginsk (russian: Ноги́нск) is a city and the administrative center of Noginsky District in Moscow Oblast, Russia, located east of the Moscow Ring Road on the Klyazma River. Population: History Founded in 1389 as Rogozhi, the town was ...

, Moscow Oblast, RSFSR * 2nd Chemical Defence Brigade of the

Chemical Troops of the USSR A chemical substance is a form of matter having constant chemical composition and characteristic properties. Some references add that chemical substance cannot be separated into its constituent elements by physical separation methods, i.e., wi ...

(''2-я бригада химической защиты'') -

Teykovo Teykovo (russian: Те́йково) is a town in Ivanovo Oblast, Russia, located on the Vyazma River southwest of Ivanovo. Population: 42,800 (1975). History It was founded in the 17th century and was granted town status in 1918. Administra ...

, Ivanovo Oblast, RSFSR * 3rd Chemical Defence Brigade of the Chemical Troops (''3-я бригада химической защиты'') - Kineshma, Ivanovo Oblast, RSFSR * 26th Chemical Defence Brigade of the Chemical Troops (''26-я бригада химической защиты'') - Ryazan * 27th Chemical Defence Brigade of the Chemical Troops (''27-я бригада химической защиты'') - Kursk * 347th Separate Aerodrome Engineer Battalion of the Ground Forces (''347-й отдельный инженерно-аэродромный батальон сухопутных войск'') - Tula * 17th Engineering Road and Bridge Construction Brigade (''17-я инженерная дорожно-мостовая бригада'') -

Kashira Kashira (russian: Каши́ра) is a town and the administrative center of Kashirsky District in Moscow Oblast, Russia, located on the Oka River south of Moscow. Population: History It was first mentioned in 1356 as the village of Koshira ...

, Moscow Oblast, RSFSR * 190th Pontoon Bridging Brigade (''190-я понтонно-мостовая бригада'') (Новозыбков) -

Novozybkov Novozybkov (russian: Новозы́бков; be, Навазыбкаў) is a historical town in Bryansk Oblast, Russia. Population: The city has a branch of the Bryansk State University. History It was founded in 1701 and was granted town statu ...

, Bryansk Oblast, RSFSR * 86th Separate Pontoon Bridging Battalion (''86-й отдельный понтонно-мостовой батальон'') -

Murom Murom ( rus, Муром, p=ˈmurəm; Old Norse: ''Moramar'') is a historical city in Vladimir Oblast, Russia, which sprawls along the left bank of the Oka River. Population: History In the 9th century AD, the city marked the easternmost settle ...

, Vladimir Oblast, RSFSR (or possibly

Balakhna Balakhna (russian: Балахна́) is a town and the administrative center of Balakhninsky District in Nizhny Novgorod Oblast, Russia, located on the right bank of the Volga River, north of Nizhny Novgorod, the administrative center of the obl ...

, Nizhny Novgorod Oblast, RSFSR) * 15th Road Traffic Control Brigade (''15-я дорожно-комендантская бригада'') -

Reutov Reutov (russian: Ре́утов) is a types of inhabited localities in Russia, town in Moscow Oblast, Russia, located east of Moscow. Population was . History The exact date of Reutov's foundation is unknown; however, most historians believe tha ...

, Moscow Oblast, RSFSR * 19th Road Traffic Control Brigade (''19-я дорожно-комендантская бригада'') -

, Voronezh Oblast, RSFSR * 467th Guards Moskovsko-Tartuskiy Red Banner District Center for Junior Specialists (''467-й гвардейский окружной учебный Московско-Тартуский Краснознамённый центр подготовки младших специалистов'') -

, Vladimir Oblast, RSFSR (From October 3, 1987 on. Until then the 26th Guards Moskovsko-Tartuskaya Red Banner Tank Training Division (''26-я гвардейская учебная танковая Московско-Тартуская Краснознамённая дивизия'')) ** 475th Separate ''Guards'' Signals Training Battalion (''475-й отдельный учебный гвардейский батальон связи'') ** 419th ''Guards'' Training Motor Rifle Regiment (''419-й учебный гвардейский мотострелковый полк'') ** 123rd ''Guards'' Artillery Training Regiment (''123-й учебный гвардейский артполк'') ** 422nd Air Defence Artillery Training Regiment (''422-й учебный зенитный артполк'') ** 84th Separate Ballistic Missile Training Battalion (''84-й отдельный учебный ракетный дивизион'') ** Separate Reconnaissance Training Battalion (''отдельный учебный разведывательный батальон'') ** 105th Separate Medical Training Battalion (''105-й отдельный учебный медицинский батальон'') ** 852nd Separate Automobile Training Battalion (''852-й отдельный учебный автомобильный батальон'') * 468th District Training Center (''468-й окружной учебный центр'') - Mulino, Gorkiy Oblast, RSFSR (previously the 20th Artillery Training Division, the sole artillery training division of the Soviet Ground Forces) ** 1685th Separate Signals Training Battalion (''1685-й отдельный учебный батальон связи'') ** 922nd Artillery Training Regiment (''922-й учебный артиллерийский полк'') ** 280th Anti-Tank Artillery Training Regiment (''280-й учебный противотанковый артиллерийский полк'') ** 932nd Artillery Reconnaissance Training Regiment (''932-й учебный разведывательный артиллерийский полк'') * 63rd Material Support Brigade (''63-я бригада материального обеспечения'') (Серпухов) -

Serpukhov Serpukhov ( rus, Серпухов, p=ˈsʲɛrpʊxəf) is a city in Moscow Oblast, Russia, located at the confluence of the Oka and the Nara Rivers, south from Moscow ( from Moscow Ring Road) on the Moscow—Simferopol highway. The Moscow— T ...

, Moscow Oblast, RSFSR * 6450th Repair and Overhaul Base (''6450-я ремонтно-восстановительная база'') -

Kubinka Kubinka (russian: Ку́бинка) is a town in Odintsovsky District of Moscow Oblast, Russia, located on the Setun River, west of Moscow. Population: __TOC__ History Kubinka, founded in the 15th century, may have been named after Prince , a ...

* 6451st Repair and Overhaul Base (''6451-я ремонтно-восстановительная база'') -

Naro-Fominsk Naro-Fominsk (russian: На́ро-Фоми́нск) is a town and the administrative center of Naro-Fominsky District in Moscow Oblast, Russia, located on the Nara River, southwest from Moscow. Population: History The Fominskoye village was fir ...

, Moscow Oblast, RSFSR * divisions directly subordinated to the district: ** 2nd ''Guards Tamanskaya, awarded the Order of the Red Banner and the Order of Suvorov'' Motor Rifle Division, ''named after'' '' M. I. Kalinin'' (''2-я гвардейская мотострелковая Таманская Краснознамённая, ордена Суворова дивизия имени М. И. Калинина'') - Kalininets (near Naro-Fominsk), Moscow Oblast, RSFSR (not to be confused with the 32nd ''Guards'' Tamanskaya MRD) ** 4th ''Guards Kantemirovskaya, awarded the Order of the Red Banner and the Order of Lenin'' Tank Division, ''named after'' '' Y. B. Andropov'' (''4-я гвардейская танковая Кантемировская ордена Ленина, Краснознамённая дивизия имени Ю. В. Андропова'' - Naro-Fominsk ** 32nd ''Guards Tamanskaya, awarded the Order of the Red Banner and the Order of Suvorov'' Motor Rifle Division (''32-я гвардейская мотострелковая Таманская Краснознамённая, ордена Суворова дивизия'') (converted into the 5210th ''Guards'' Armament and Equipment Storage Base (''5210-я гвардейская БХВТ'') in October of 1989, disbanded 1993) - Kalinin (not to be confused with the 2nd ''Guards'' Tamanskaya MRD) ** 149th Motor Rifle Division adred(''149-я мотострелковая дивизия кадра'') -

Klintsy Klintsy (russian: Клинцы́) is a town in Bryansk Oblast, Russia,located on the Turosna River, southwest of Bryansk. Population: 60,000 (1972). Administrative and municipal status Within the framework of administrative divisions, Kl ...

, Bryansk Oblast, RSFSR ** 196th Motor Rifle Division adred(''196-я мотострелковая дивизия кадра'') -

, Kursk Oblast, RSFSR ** 206th Motor Rifle Division adred(''206-я мотострелковая дивизия кадра'') - Kalinin ** 16th Artillery Division adred(''16-я артиллерийская дивизия кадра'') (converted into the 1874th Armament and Equipment Storage Base (Artillery Hardware Storage) (''1874-я БХВТ (БХИ-А)'') in the autumn of 1989) - Kalinin ** 17th Artillery Division adred(''17-я артиллерийская дивизия кадра'') (converted into the 1875th Armament and Equipment Storage Base (Artillery Hardware Storage) (''1875-я БХВТ (БХИ-А)'') in the autumn of 1989) -

, Tambov Oblast, RSFSR ** 228th Rear Area Defence Division adred(''228-я дивизия охраны тыла кадра'') - Moscow ** 65th Deep Reserve Tank Division adred(''65-я запасная танковая дивизия кадра'') - Ryazan ** 255th Deep Reserve Motor Rifle Division adred(''255-я запасная мотострелковая дивизия кадра'') - Kursk

Land Forces

In addition to the ground forces divisions directly subordinated to the district HQ, the Moscow MD had the 13th Guards Army Corps as its main ground forces formation: * 13th Guards ''Kyonigsbergskiy, awarded the Order of the Red Banner'' Army Corps (''13-й гвардейский армейский Кенигсбергский Краснознамённый корпус''). In 1990 this corps was under the command of General Fyodor Reut. **Corps Command and HQ (''Управление корпуса'') - Gorkiy, Gorkiy Oblast, RSFSR **785th Separate Staff Security and Supply Company (''785-я отдельная рота охраны и обеспечения'') - Gorkiy, Gorkiy Oblast, RSFSR **779th Signals Nod (''779-й узел связи'') - Gorkiy, Gorky Oblast, RSFSR **72nd Separate ''Guards'' Signals Battalion (''72-й отдельный гвардейский батальон связи'') - Pyra, Gorkiy Oblast, RSFSR **635th Separate Radio Relay and Cable Communications Battalion (635-й отдельный радиорелейно-кабельный батальон) - Mulino, Gorkiy Oblast, RSFSR **298th Separate Radio Intercept and ELINT Battalion (''298-й отдельный батальон засечки и разведки'') - Gorkiy, Gorkiy Oblast, RSFSR **88th Air Defence Radar Battalion (''88-й отдельный радиотехнический батальон ПВО'') - Pyra, Gorkiy Oblast, RSFSR **50th Ballistic Missile Brigade (''50-я ракетная бригада'') -

, RSFSR **876th Separate Guards Combat Engineer Battalion (''876-й отдельный гвардейский инженерно-сапёрный батальон'') -

, Gorkiy Oblast, RSFSR **385th Separate Road and Bridge Construction Engineer Battalion (''385-й отдельный инженерный дорожно-мостовой батальон'') - Balakhna, Gorkiy Oblast, RSFSR ** 60th Sevsko-Varshavskaya, awarded the Order of the Red Banner and the Order of Suvorov'' Tank Division (''60-я танковая Севско-Варшавская Краснознамённая ордена Суворова дивизия''), Gorkiy, Gorkiy Oblast, RSFSR (former 60th Rifle Div. then briefly 65th Mech Div. and 43rd Tank Div. before becoming 60th Tank Div. in 1965; transformed on March 9, 1989 into the 5409th Armament and Equipment Storage Base (''5409-я БХВТ''), the 5409th AESB itself disbanded on February 13, 1990, as formations from the Western Group of Forces, such as the 47th Guards Tank Division and the 31st Tank Division transferred to the 13th ''Guards'' Army Corps, which in turn expanded into the 22nd ''Guards'' Combined Arms Army) (Division HQ in Gorkiy, the whole division based in Dzerzhinsk, Gorkiy Oblast, RSFSR) ***Division HQ ***509th Separate Signals Battalion (''509-й отдельный батальон связи'') ***14th ''Guards Zhytomyrsko- Shepetovskiy, awarded the Order of the Red Banner, the Order of Suvorov and the Order of Kutuzov'' Tank Regiment (''14-й гвардейский танковый Житомирско-Шепетовский Краснознамённый, орденов Суворова и Кутузова полк'') ***142nd Tank Regiment (''142-й танковый полк'') ***272nd Tank Regiment (''272-й танковый полк'') ***422''nd Awarded the Order of the Red Banner, the Order of Suvorov, the Order of Kutuzov and the Order of Alexander Nevsky'' Motor Rifle Regiment (''422-й мотострелковый орденов Суворова, Кутузова и Александра Невского полк'') ***863rd '' Prazhskiy, awarded the Order of Alexander Nevsky'' Artillery Regiment (''863-й артиллерийский Пражский ордена Александра Невского полк'') ***? Air Defence Artillery Regiment (''зенитный артиллерийский полк'') ***? Separate Ballistic Missile Battalion (''отдельный ракетный дивизион'') ***? Separate Reconnaissance Battalion (''отдельный разведывательный батальон'') ***696th Separate Combat Engineer Battalion (''696-й отдельный инженерно-сапёрный батальон'') ***Separate Chemical Defence Company (''отдельная рота химической защиты'') ***? Separate Repair and Overhaul Battalion (отдельный ремонтно-восстановительный батальон) ***491st Separate Medical Battalion (491-й отдельный медицинский батальон) ***? Separate Material Supply Battalion (отдельный батальон материального обеспечения) **5347th Armament and Equipment Storage Base (''5347-я БХВТ'') -

, Tambov Oblast, RSFSR (formerly the 89th Motor Rifle Division adred(''89-я мотострелковая дивизия кадра''), transformed in the autumn of 1987 into the 1042nd Territorial Training Center (''1042-й ТУЦ'') and later in the autumn of 1989 into the 5347th AESB) **225th Motor Rifle Division adred(''225-я мотострелковая дивизия кадра'') - Mulino, Gorkiy Oblast, RSFSR

Air Forces of the Moscow Military District

Air Forces of the Moscow Military District (''ВВС Московского военного округа'')(formerly the 78th Air Army) Command and Headquarters (''Командование и штаб ВВС МВО'') - Moscow, RSFSR * 131st Separate Signals and Automatized Command and Control Systems Regiment (''131-отдельный полк связи и АСУ'') - Donino village (near Ramenskoye), Moscow Oblast, RSFSR * (''378-я отдельная смешанная авиационная эскадрилья'' (''378-я осаэ'')) -

, Moscow Oblast, RSFSR - Tu-134, An-12 An-26, Mi-8, An-2 * 297th Separate Helicopter Squadron for Radio-Electronic Warfare (''297-я отдельная вертолётная эскадрилья радиоэлектронной борьбы'' (''297-я овэ рэб'')) -

, Moscow Oblast, RSFSR - Mi-8/9 * 9th ''Red Banner'' Fighter Aviation Division (''9-я Краснознамённая истребительная авиационная дивизия'') - Kubinka, Moscow Oblast, RSFSR (designated Fighter Aviation Division for historic reasons, not due to its composition) ** 234th ''Guards Proskurovskiy, awarded the Order of the Red Banner, the Order of Kutuzov and the Order of Alexander Nevsky'' Fighter Aviation Regiment (''234-й гвардейский истребительный авиационный Проскуровский Краснознамённый орденов Кутузова и Александра Невского полк'' (''234-й гвиап'')) - Kubinka - Su-27, MiG-29, MiG-23, Su-24M, Su-17M, Su-25, L-39 (although designated a combat aviation regiment, its main task was air display of Soviet-produced combat aircraft for foreign dignitaries and official delegations and for that reason in 1989 its designation was changed to the more fitting 237th ''Guards'' Center for Display of Aircraft Types (''237-й гвардейский центр показа авиационной техники'' (''237 ЦПАТ'')) ** 274th Aviation Regiment of Fighter-Bombers (''274-й авиационный полк истребителей-бомбардировщиков'' (''274-й апиб'')) -

(

Migalovo Migalovo (also given as Tver Migalovo, Kalinin) is an air base in Tver Oblast, Russia located 10 km west of Tver. It is a large military airlift base. It currently houses all of Russia's remaining Antonov An-22 fleet. It is an Ilyushin Il-7 ...

), Tver Oblast, RSFSR - Su-17M4 ** (940th Aviation Regiment of Fighter-Bombers (''940-й авиационный полк истребителей-бомбардировщиков'' (''940-й апиб'')) - Rzhev, Tver Oblast, RSFSR - MiG-27))(disbanded in 1988) ** (32nd ''Guards Vilenskiy, awarded the Order of Lenin and the Order of Kutuzov'' Fighter Aviation Regiment (''32-й гвардейский истребительный авиационный Виленский орденов Ленина и Кутузова полк'' (''32 гвиап'')) -

Shatalovo Shatalovo (russian: Шаталово) is the name of several rural localities in Russia: * Shatalovo, Pskov Oblast, a village in Pustoshkinsky District of Pskov Oblast * Shatalovo, Smolensk Oblast, a village in Shatalovskoye Rural Settlement of ...

, Smolensk Oblast, RSFSR - MiG-23MLD)(disbanded in 1989) * 47th Separate Guards Borisovskiy, awarded the Order of the Red Banner and the Order of Suvorov Reconnaissance Aviation Regiment (''47-й отдельный гвардейский разведывательный авиационный Борисовский Краснознаменный ордена Суворова полк'' (''47-й огврап'')) - Shatalovo, SMolensk Oblast, RSFSR - Su-24MR (also Su-17M3R from November 1989 on, upgraded to the Su-17M4R variant in 1991) * 269th Separate Helicopter Regiment (''269-й отдельный вертолётный полк'' (''269-й овп'')) - Malino, Moscow Oblast, RSFSR - Mi-24, Mi-8, Mi-2 * '' Borisoglebskoye, awarded the Order of the Red Banner and the Order of Lenin'' Higher Military School for Pilots, ''named after V. P. Chkalov'' (''Борисоглебское ордена Ленина Краснознамённое военное авиационное училище лётчиков имени В. П. Чкалова'') -

Borisoglebsk (air base) Borisoglebsk (also Borisoglebsk East) is an air base in Voronezh Oblast, Russia located 6 km east of Borisoglebsk. It is a small military airfield. The base is home to 160th Training Aviation Regiment which flies the Sukhoi Su-25 and Yako ...

, Voronezh Oblast, RSFSR ** 160th Instructor Fighter Aviation Regiment (''160-й инструкторский истребительный авиационный полк'' (''160-й ииап'')) - Borisoglebsk - MiG-21 ** 186th Training Aviation Regiment (''186-й учебный авиационный полк'' (''186-й уап'')) -

Buturlinovka Buturlinovka (russian: Бутурли́новка) is a town in Voronezh Oblast, Russia, on the Ossered River, a tributary of the Don. It serves as the administrative center of Buturlinovsky District. Its population as of 2021 was 24,397. Histo ...

, Voronezh Oblast, RSFSR - MiG-21 ** 123rd Training Aviation Regiment (''123-й учебный авиационный полк'' (''123-й уап'')) - Zherdyovka, Voronezh Oblast, RSFSR - L-39 (disbanded in 1990) * ''Tambovskoye'' Higher Military School for Pilots, ''named after'' ''M. M. Raskova'' (''Тамбовское военное авиационное училище лётчиков имени М. М. Расковой'') -

, Tambov Oblast, RSFSR ** 127th Training Aviation Regiment (''127-й учебный авиационный полк'' (''127-й уап'')) -

Ryazhsk Ryazhsk (russian: Ряжск) is town and the administrative center of Ryazhsky District in Ryazan Oblast, Russia, located south of Ryazan, the administrative center of the oblast. Population: 26,000 (1974). History It has been known to exi ...

(Atashovo) - L-39 ** 643rd Training Aviation Regiment (''643-й учебный авиационный полк'' (''643-й уап'')) - Tula, Tula Oblast, RSFSR - L-39 (disbanded in 1990) ** 644th Training Aviation Regiment (''644-й учебный авиационный полк'' (''644-й уап'')) - Michurinsk - L-29 ** 652nd Training Aviation Regiment (''652-й учебный авиационный полк'' (''652-й уап'')) - Tambov - Tu-134UBL ** Aircraft Storage Base (''обаз'') - Tambov - stored MiG-23 * ''Tambovskoye, awarded the Order of the Red Banner and the Order of Lenin'' Higher Military Aviation Engineering School, ''named after F. E. Dzerzhinsky'' (''Тамбовское высшее военное авиационное инженерное ордена Ленина Краснознаменное училище имени Ф. Э. Дзержинского'') - Tambov In addition the following formations, units and establishments were based within the Moscow Military District, but were outside the control of the district's Air Forces: * 8th Aviation Division of Specific Purpose (''8-я авиационная дивизия особого назначения'' (''8-я ад он'')) - Chkalovsky - subordinated directly under the Ministry of Defence. The transport aviation regiments provided airlift for high ranking government officials and repositioning of troops at very short notice. The separate squadron provided command and control. ** 353th Aviation Regiment of Specific Purpose (''353-й авиационный полк особого назначения'' (''353-й ап он'')) - Chkalovsky - Il-62, Tu-154, Tu-134, Il-18, Il-76, An-72 ** 354th Aviation Regiment of Specific Purpose (''354-й авиационный полк особого назначения'' (''354-й ап он'')) - Chkalovsky - Il-76, Il-22, An-12, An-26, An-24 ** (355th Aviation Regiment of Specific Purpose (''355-й авиационный полк особого назначения'' (''355-й ап он'')) - Chkalovsky - disbanded in 1989 and absorbed into the 353rd Aviation Regiment along with its Tu-134 and Tu- 154 aircraft) ** Separate Composite Aviation Squadron (''отдельная смешанная авиационная эскадрилья'' (''осаэ'')) - Chkalovsky - Il-80 (4 aircraft), Il-76RT (2 aircraft) (attached to the 8th ADSP for air traffic control, ground support and maintenance, but reporting directly to the Ministry of Defence. The Il-80 was the airborne command center variant of the

Il-86 The Ilyushin Il-86 (russian: Илью́шин Ил-86; NATO reporting name: Camber) is a short- to medium- range wide-body jet airliner that served as the USSR's first wide-bodied aircraft. Designed and tested by the Ilyushin design bureau in ...

and the Soviet counterpart to the E-4. The four Il-80 received command task force of officers detailed from the Ministry of Defence when on airborne duty. The two Il-76RT were relay aircraft (RT - 'retranslator') and had no command task force on board. They provided

Ultra high frequency Ultra high frequency (UHF) is the ITU designation for radio frequencies in the range between 300 megahertz (MHz) and 3 gigahertz (GHz), also known as the decimetre band as the wavelengths range from one meter to one tenth of a meter ( ...

link between the Soviet nuclear triad and the command centers and were equipped with drag antennae array, which could extend to a total length of 6 kilometers. The Navy's SSBNs and the Air Force's Long Range Aviation normally used alternative communications channels, so the main task for the Il-76RTs remained to provide a link to the

Strategic Rocket Forces The Strategic Rocket Forces of the Russian Federation or the Strategic Missile Forces of the Russian Federation (RVSN RF; russian: Ракетные войска стратегического назначения Российской Фед� ...

. The command and control system was designated "Chain Link" (''"Звено"'') and included the Il-80s, the Il-76RTs, the underground silo-based '''Perimetr''' and the railway-based '''Gorn command alert missiles.) * 12th ''Mginskaya Red Banner'' Military Transport Aviation Division ,

, RSFSR - part of the

Military Transport Aviation Military Transport Aviation Command is part of the Russian Air Force. Military Transport Aviation Command (russian: Кома́ндование вое́нно-тра́нспортной авиа́ции (ВТА) — '' Komandovaniye voyenno-trans ...

branch of the Air Force ** 566th '' Solnechnogorskiy, awarded the Order of the Red Banner and the Order of Kutuzov'' Military Transport Aviation Regiment (''566-й Солнечногорский Краснознаменный ордена Кутузова военно-транспортный авиационный полк''), Seshta (near

), RSFSR -

Antonov An-124 The Antonov An-124 Ruslan (; russian: Антонов Ан-124 Руслан, , Ruslan; NATO reporting name: Condor) is a large, strategic airlift, four-engined aircraft that was designed in the 1980s by the Antonov design bureau in the Ukrain ...

** 978th Military Transport Aviation Regiment (''978-й военно-транспортный авиационный полк''), Seshta (near

), RSFSR -

(2 squadrons), Ilyushin Il-76 (1 squadron) ** 8th Military Transport Aviation Regiment (''8-й военно-транспортный авиационный полк''), Tver, RSFSR -

Antonov An-22 The Antonov An-22 "Antei" (, ''An-22 Antej''; English ''Antaeus'') (NATO reporting name "Cock") is a heavy military transport aircraft designed by the Antonov Design Bureau in the Soviet Union. Powered by four turboprop engines each driving a pa ...

** 81st Military Transport Aviation Regiment (''81-й военно-транспортный авиационный полк''), Ivanovo - Severny -

* 4th Center for Combat Training and Re-qualification of Flight Personnel (''4-й Центр боевого применения и переучивания лётного состава'') -

Lipetsk Lipetsk ( rus, links=no, Липецк, p=ˈlʲipʲɪtsk), also romanized as Lipeck, is a city and the administrative center of Lipetsk Oblast, Russia, located on the banks of the Voronezh River in the Don basin, southeast of Moscow. Populat ...

, Lipetsk Oblast, RSFSR - MiG-25RB, MiG-29, MiG-27, Su-24, Su-17М, Su-25 - fighter pilot training and re-qualification * 1046th Training Aviation Center (''1046-й учебный авиационный центр'') - Shatalovo, Smolensk Oblast, RSFSR - MiG-25RB, Su-24MR, Su-17M3R - training pilots for the reconnaissance aviation * HQ 37th Air Army of the High Command (Strategic Purpose) (''штаб 37-й воздушной армии ВГК СН'') - Moscow, RSFSR - strategic aviation * HQ 46th ''Red Banner'' Air Army of the High Command (Strategic Purpose) (''штаб 46-й воздушной армии ВГК СН'') - Smolensk, SMolensk Oblast, RSFSR - strategic aviation

Air defence cover

Unlike the Air Forces of the Moscow Military District, which were part of the district, the units and formations of the

Air Defence Forces Anti-aircraft warfare, counter-air or air defence forces is the battlespace response to aerial warfare, defined by NATO as "all measures designed to nullify or reduce the effectiveness of hostile air action".AAP-6 It includes surface based, ...

were kept separate, reporting to their own Main Staff. The Moscow MD came under the air defence umbrella of the

Moscow Air Defence District The Order of Lenin Moscow Air Defence District was a formation of the Soviet Air Defence Forces and the Russian Air Defence Forces, which existed from 1954 to 1998, to fulfill the tasks of anti-aircraft defense of administrative and economic facil ...

, which was the sole such district within the ADF. Moscow, ''awarded the Order of Lenin'' District of Air Defence (''Московский ордена Ленина округа ПВО'') * District Command and Staff (''Командование и штаб округа'') - Moscow, RSFSR * 118th District Communications Nod (''118-й узел связи округа'') - Moscow * 436th Separate Transport Aviation Regiment (''436-й отдельный транспортный авиационный полк'') - Stupino, Moscow Oblast, RSFSR - An-12, An-26, An-24, Mi-8 * 1082nd Separate Automobile Battalion of the Moscow District of Air Defence, awarded the Order of Lenin (''1082-й отдельный ордена Ленина Московского Округа ПВО автомобилный батальон'') * 1st ''Red Banner'' Air Defence Army of Specific Purpose ( ''1-я Краснознамённая армия ПВО особого назначения'') - Balashikha, Moscow Oblast, RSFSR ** 1082nd Command Post (''1082-й командный пункт'') - Balashikha ** 9th Communications Nod (''9-й узел связи'') - Balashikha ** 2366th Separate Cable Communications Battalion (''2366-й отдельный батальон кабельной связи'') -

Mytishchi Mytishchi ( rus, Мыти́щи, p=mɨˈtʲiɕːɪ) is a city and the administrative center of Mytishchinsky District in Moscow Oblast, Russia, which lies 19 km northeast of Russia's capital Moscow on the Yauza River and the Moscow–Yarosla ...

, Moscow Oblast, RSFSR ** 1081st Separate Automobile Battalion (''1081-й отдельный автомобилный батальон'') ** 1092nd Separate Automobile Battalion (''1092-й отдельный автомобилный батальон'') ** 669th Separate Equipment Service and Overhaul Battalion (''669-й отдельный батальон по обслуживанию и восстановлению техники'') - Istra, Moscow Oblast, RSFSR ** - 26 S-300 missile air defence regiments between the four divisions - ** 52nd Radio-Technical Brigade (''52-я отдельная радиотехническая бригада'') - Mytishchi *** 4 separate radio-technical battalions (sing. ''отдельный радиотехнический батальон''): **** 2317th (Kashira), 2318th (

Kosteryovo Kosteryovo (russian: Костерёво) is a town in Petushinsky District of Vladimir Oblast, Russia, located on the Lipnya River (Klyazma's tributary), west of Vladimir, the administrative center of the oblast. Population: History It was foun ...

), 2319th (

Savyolovo Savyolovo (russian: Савёлово) is a microdistrict of the town of Kimry in Tver Oblast, Russia. It lies on the right bank of the Volga River and is connected to the left-bank part of Kimry by a bridge over the Volga (the longest bridge in ...

) and 2320th (Goretovo, Moscow Oblast) ** 86th Air Defence Division of Specific Purpose (''86-я дивизия ПВО специального назначения'') - Vidnoye *** 499th Separate Signals Battalion (''499-й отдельный батальон связи'') - Vidnoye *** 6 missile air defence regiments (sing. ''зенитный ракетный полк''): **** 635th ( Stepanshchino village), 628th (Torbeyevo), 705th (Nizhnee Shakhlovo), 16th (Fenino), 614th (Pestovo) and 549th ( Klyonovo) *** 9th Radio-Technical Regiment (''9-й радиотехнический полк'') - Kashira *** 1486th Missile Technical Base (''1486-я ракетная техническая база'') - Tolbino *** 225th Technical Base (''225-я техническая база'') - Belye Stolby ** 87th Air Defence Division of Specific Purpose (''87-я дивизия ПВО специального назначения'') - Balashikha *** 501st Separate Signals Battalion (''501-й отдельный батальон связи'') - Balashikha *** 6 missile air defence regiments: **** 674th (Yakovlevo), 799th (Dubky), 654th (Kashino), 756th (Novoye), 629th (Kablukovo) and 606th (Zakharovo) *** 14th Radio-Technical Regiment (''14-й радиотехнический полк'') -

*** 1488th Missile Technical Base (''1488-я ракетная техническая база'') - Makarovo *** 194th Technical Base (''194-я техническая база'') - Fryazevo ** 88th Air Defence Division of Specific Purpose (''88-я дивизия ПВО специального назначения'') -

Dolgoprudny Dolgoprudny (russian: Долгопру́дный, ) is a town in Moscow Oblast, Russia, located about north of Moscow city center. The town's name is derived from Russian "" (''dolgy prud'', lit. "long pond")—a long and narrow pond situated in t ...

*** 187th Separate Signals Battalion (''187-й отдельный батальон связи'') - Dolgoprudny *** 7 missile air defence regiments: **** 789th (Vvedyonskoye (Klin-7 military encampment)), 17th (Borozda (Klin-9 military encampment)), 658th (Maloye Rogachyovo), 722nd (Kovrigino), 748th (Yeryomino), 584th (Maryno) and 566th (Dubrovka) *** 21st Radio-Technical Regiment (''21-й радиотехнический полк'') - Savyolovo *** 1491st Missile Technical Base (''1491-я ракетная техническая база'') - Trudovaya ** 89th Air Defence Division of Specific Purpose (89-я дивизия ПВО специального назначения) -

Odintsovo Odintsovo ( rus, Одинцово, , ɐdʲɪnˈtsovə) is a city and the administrative center of Odintsovsky District in Moscow Oblast, Russia. Western suburb of Moscow. Population: History The village of Odintsovo was established in the late ...

*** 250th Separate Signals Battalion (''250-й отдельный батальон связи'') - Odintsovo *** 7 missile air defence regiments: **** 791st (Vorsino), 662nd (Nesteryovo), 650th (Denkovo), 6th (Arkhangelskoye), 709th (Lyskovo), 612th (Glagolevo) and 625th (Funkovo) *** 25th Radio-Technical Regiment (''25-й радиотехнический полк'') - Goretovo *** 1494th Missile Technical Base (''1494-я ракетная техническая база'') - Istra *** 190th Technical Base (''190-я техническая база'') - Golitsyno * 2nd Air Defence Corps (''2-й корпус ПВО'') - Rzhev, Tver Oblast, RSFSR ** Corps Command and Staff (''управление корпуса'') ** Corps Command Post (''командный пункт корпуса'') ** Corps Automatised Command and Control Systems Center (''центр АСУ корпуса'') ** 4 fighter aviation regiments *** 28th ''Guards Leningradskiy, awarded the Order of Kutuzov'' Fighter Aviation Regiment of the Air Defence Forces (''28-й гвардейский истребительный авиационный Ленинградский ордена Кутузова полк ПВО'') -

Krichev Krychaw or Krichev ( be, Кры́чаў, Łacinka: Kryčaŭ, ; russian: Кричев, , pl, Krzyczew) is a city in the eastern Belarusian Mogilev Region. Krychaw is the administrative center of Krychaw District. As of 2009, its population was 2 ...

, Mogilyov Oblast, Belarus SSR - MiG-25P/U (not to be confused with the 28th FAR) *** 790th ''Awarded the Order of Kutuzov'' Fighter Aviation Regiment of the Air Defence Forces (''790-й истребительный авиационный ордена Кутузова полк ПВО'') - Khotilovo (Noviy), Tver Oblast, RSFSR - MiG-25P/U *** 28th Fighter Aviation Regiment of the Air Defence Forces (''28-й истребительный авиационный полк ПВО'') - Andreapol, Tver Oblast, RSFSR - MiG-23P/UB (not to be confused with the 28th ''Guards'' FAR) *** 401st Fighter Aviation Regiment of the Air Defence Forces (''401-й истребительный авиационный полк ПВО'') -

(Severniy), Smolensk Oblast, RSFSR - MiG-23P/UB ** 6 missile air defence regiments: *** 242nd ''Guards'' (

Mozhaysk MozhayskAlternative transliterations include ''Mozhaisk'', ''Mozhajsk'', ''Mozhaĭsk'', and ''Možajsk''. ( rus, Можа́йск, p=mɐˈʐajsk) is a town and the administrative center of Mozhaysky District in Moscow Oblast, Russia, located to th ...

), 47th (Turginovo), 195th ( Valday), 210th ''Red Star'' (Dubrovka), 713th (Narynka (Klin-10 military encampment),

Klinsky District Klinsky District (russian: Кли́нский райо́н) is an administrativeLaw #11/2013-OZ and municipalLaw #80/2005-OZ district (raion), one of the thirty-six in Moscow Oblast, Russia. It is located in the northwest of the oblast and borders ...

) and 1281th (

Toropets Toropets (russian: Торо́пец) is a town and the administrative center of Toropetsky District in Tver Oblast, Russia, located where the Toropa River enters Lake Solomennoye. Population: History In 1074, when the town was first mention ...

) ** 3rd Radio-Technical Brigade (''3-я радиотехническая бригада'') - Rzhev ( Port (Rzhev-3) military encampment), Tver Oblast, RSFSR * 3rd Air Defence Corps (''3-й корпус ПВО'') - Yaroslavl, Yaroslavl Oblast, RSFSR ** Corps Command and Staff (''управление корпуса'') ** Corps Command Post (''командный пункт корпуса'') ** Corps Automatised Command and Control Systems Center (''центр АСУ корпуса'') ** 124th Communications Nod (''124-й узел связи'') - Yaroslavl ** 114th Separate Radio-Relay Battalion (''114-й отдельный радио-релейный батальон'') ** 380th Separate Electronic Warfare Battalion (380-й ''отдельный батальон'' РЭБ) ** 2 fighter aviation regiments *** 415th Fighter Aviation Regiment of the Air Defence Forces (''415-й истребительный авиационный полк ПВО'') -

Tunoshna Yaroslavl (Tunoshna) International Airport (Tunoshna - also Tunoshnoye, or Tunoschna) (russian: Международный аэропорт Ярославль (Ту́ношна)) is an airport in Yaroslavl Oblast, Russia, located 18 km sou ...

(Yaroslavl), Yaroslavl Oblast, RSFSR - MiG-23P *** 611th Fighter Aviation Regiment of the Air Defence Forces (''611-й истребительный авиационный полк ПВО'') - Dorokhovo (Bezhetsk), Tver Oblast, RSFSR - Su-15 ** 79th ''Guards'' Missile Air Defence Brigade (''79-я гвардейская зенитно-ракетная бригада'') - Pitino village (near Cherepovets), Vologda Oblast, RSFSR ** 7 missile air defence regiments: *** 48th (Yaroslavl), 164th (Kimry), 380th (Verkhnehovolskiy), 474th (Ogarkovo), 485th (?), 488th (Susanino) and 1257th (Pereslavl-Zalesskiy) ** 6th ''Red Banner'' Radio-Technical Brigade (''6-я радиотехническая Краснознамённая бригада'') -

, Yaroslavl Oblast, RSFSR ** 66th Radio-Technical Regiment (''66-й радиотехнический полк'') -

, Vologda Oblast, RSFSR (disbanded on 22.02. 1989 and absorbed into the 6th RTBde) * 7th Air Defence Corps - (7-й корпус ПВО) -

, Bryansk Oblast, RSFSR ** Corps Command and Staff (''управление корпуса'') ** Corps Command Post (''командный пункт корпуса'') ** Corps Automatised Command and Control Systems Center (''центр АСУ корпуса'') ** 208th Communications Nod (''208-й узел связи'') - Bryansk ** 2 fighter aviation regiments *** 191st Fighter Aviation Regiment of the Air Defence Forces (''191-й истребительный авиационный полк ПВО'') -

Yefremov Yefremov or Efremov (russian: Ефремов) and Yefremova or Efremova (russian: Ефремова; feminine) is a common Russian surname. It is derived from the male given name Yefrem and literally means ''Yefrem's''. Yefrem is the Russian form of ...

- MiG-23P/UB *** 472nd Fighter Aviation Regiment of the Air Defence Forces (''472-й истребительный авиационный полк ПВО'') - Kursk (Vostochny), Kursk Oblast, RSFSR - MiG-23P/UB ** 8 missile air defence regiments: *** 80th ''Guards'' (Stukalovo village near Tula), 493rd ''Guards Venskiy, awarded the Order of the Red Banner, the Order of Kutuzov and the Order of Alexander Nevsky'' (Ryazan), 108th ''Tulskiy'' (Shilovo village near Voronezh), 260th ''Red Banner'' (Bryansk), 326th (Podolsk), 559th (?), 791st (?) and 1284th (Yerdenyovo village near

Maloyaroslavets Maloyaroslavets (russian: Малояросла́вец) is a town and the administrative center of Maloyaroslavetsky District in Kaluga Oblast, Russia, located on the right bank of the Luzha River (Oka's basin), northeast of Kaluga, the adminis ...

) ** 41st Radio-Technical Brigade (''41-я радиотехническая бригада'') - Oryol * 16th Air Defence Corps - (''16-й корпус ПВО'') - Gorky, Gorky Oblast, RSFSR ** Corps Command and Staff (''управление корпуса'') ** Corps Command Post (''командный пункт корпуса'') ** Corps Automatised Command and Control Systems Center (''центр АСУ корпуса'') ** 101st Communications Nod (''101-й узел связи'') - Gorky ** 904th Separate Radio-Relay Signals Battalion (''904-й отдельный радиорелейный батальон'') - Gorky ** 412th Separate Electronic Warfare Battalion (''412-й отдельный батальон'' ''РЭБ'') - Gorky ** 2 fighter aviation regiments *** 153rd Fighter Aviation Regiment of the Air Defence Forces (''153-й истребительный авиационный полк ПВО'') -

Morshansk Morshansk (russian: Морша́нск) is a town in Tambov Oblast, Russia, located on the Tsna River (Oka's basin) north of Tambov. Population: 44,000 (1970). History The exact origins of Morshansk are unknown; however, documents mention ...

, Tambov Oblast, RSFSR - Su-15 (converted to MiG-31 in 1990) *** 786th Fighter Aviation Regiment of the Air Defence Forces (''786-й истребительный авиационный полк ПВО'') - Pravdinsk,

Gorky Oblast Nizhny Novgorod Oblast (russian: link=no, Нижегородская область, ''Nizhegorodskaya oblast''), is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Nizhny Novgorod. It has a population of 3,3 ...

, RSFSR - MiG-31 ** 72nd Missile Air Defence Brigade (''72-я зенитно-ракетная бригада'') - Gorodets, Gorky Oblast, RSFSR ** 4 missile air defence regiments: *** 371st ''Guards Bobruysko-Berlinskiy, awarded the Order of the Red Banner, the Order of Alexander Nevsky, the Order of Kutuzov and the Order of Bogdan Khmelnitsky'' (Kosteryovo, Vladimir Oblast), 291st (Neya village, Kostroma Oblast), 356th (Sharya, Kostroma Oblast) and 387th (

Arzamas 16 Sarov (russian: Саро́в) is a closed town in Nizhny Novgorod Oblast, Russia. It was known as Gorkiy-130 (Горький-130) and Arzamas-16 (), after a (somewhat) nearby town of Arzamas,SarovLabsCreation of Nuclear Center Arzamas-16/ref ...

)(often mentioned as the most secretive closed city within the USSR) ** 9th Radio-Technical Brigade (''9-я радиотехническая бригада'') - Gorky ** 65th Radio-Technical Regiment (''65-й радиотехнический полк'') -

Post-Soviet era

With the collapse of the

USSR The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen nationa ...

the District became for the first time in its history a boundary district and thus a new priority was put on building up combat forces within it, rather than the training and capital garrison focus of the Soviet period. In the early 1990s the District received the headquarters of the First Guards Tank Army from the

Group of Soviet Forces in Germany The Western Group of Forces (WGF),. previously known as the Group of Soviet Occupation Forces in Germany (GSOFG). and the Group of Soviet Forces in Germany (GSFG),. were the troops of the Soviet Army in East Germany. The Group of Soviet Occupat ...

. It was relocated to

, and consisted of the 4th Guards Tank Division and 144th Guards Motor Rifle Division (at

Yelnya Yelnya (russian: Ельня) is the name of several inhabited localities in Russia. ;Urban localities * Yelnya, Yelninsky District, Smolensk Oblast, a town in Yelninsky District of Smolensk Oblast; administratively incorporated as Yelninskoye Ur ...

). However the Army's headquarters disbanded later in the 1990s, along with the 144th Guards MRD. In addition, the 6th Guards Motor Rifle Brigade was withdrawn from Germany and restationed at

. The 22nd Army Headquarters was reformed from 13th Army Corps in the early 1990s, to control the new 3rd Motor Rifle Division among other formations. The 22nd Army had previously been inactive for a long period; it was last operational immediately after the war (when it participated in the Second Rzhev-Sychevka Offensive in late 1942) when its HQ along with the 109th Rifle Division arrived in the South Ukraine in May 1945. In the Northern summer of 1945, together with the headquarters of the

Separate Coastal Army The Separate Coastal Army (russian: Приморская армия), also translated to English as Independent Coastal Army, was an army-level unit in the Red Army that fought in World War II. It was established on July 18, 1941, by the order o ...

, located in the Crimea, it was reorganised as the new but short-lived

Tavria Military District The Taurida Military District was a military district of the Soviet Union. It was formed from the headquarters of the Separate Coastal Army and the 22nd Army in the summer of 1945. The military district controlled troops on the territory of the ...

. On 1 June 1997 the 59th Guards Motor Rifle Division in Transdnestr, Moldova, was reorganised as the 8th Guards Independent Motor-Rifle Brigade with four motor-rifle battalions, one tank battalion, two artillery battalions, and an anti-tank battalion plus other combat support and support units. After several years reporting directly to the General Staff, the

Operational Group of Russian Forces The Operational Group of Russian Forces in Transnistria (OGRF; ro, Grupul Operativ al Trupelor Ruse din Transnistria, ; russian: Оперативная группа российских войск в Приднестровье, ) is a sizable ove ...

in Moldova was realigned under the command of the Moscow Military District in 1998. Previously the 14th Guards Army (it was renamed in April 1995), forces and individuals from this command played a major part in the early 1990s in establishing and maintaining the Transnistrian separatists of the

Transnistria Transnistria, officially the Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic (PMR), is an unrecognised breakaway state that is internationally recognised as a part of Moldova. Transnistria controls most of the narrow strip of land between the Dniester riv ...

as a viable ''de facto'' state.

Order of battle c. 2006

The District had around 75,000 troops assigned and consisted of the following formations. The entire Ground Forces began to go through a major reorganisation (the

2008 Russian military reform The Serdyukov reform (), named after its originator, Defence Minister Anatoly Serdyukov, was a major structural reorganisation of the Russian Armed Forces that began in 2009. Significant reforms of the Russian Armed Forces were announced in Oc ...

), which apparently began in March 2009, in which armies become operational commands and divisions were redesignated brigades. *1st Separate Rifle Brigade for Security of the Ministry of Defence premises (1-я отдельная стрелковая бригада охраны МО) - Moscow. Disbanded 2008, and absorbed by the 27th independent Guards Motor Rifle Brigade. * 2nd ''Tamanskaya'' Guards Motor Rifle Division * 34th Guards Perekop Red Banner Order of Suvorov Artillery Division, Mulino (Gorokhovets) * 27th Guards Sevastopol Motor Rifle Brigade, Tyoply Stan (or possibly Mosrentgen as the two districts are adjacent, hugging the border between Moscow city and Moscow Oblast at the time) *

112th Guards Rocket Brigade Eleven or 11 may refer to: *11 (number), the natural number following 10 and preceding 12 * one of the years 11 BC, AD 11, 1911, 2011, or any year ending in 11 Literature * ''Eleven'' (novel), a 2006 novel by British author David Llewellyn *'' ...

( Shuya) (Tochka SSM) * 20th Guards Army (to operational command) ** 4th Guards Kantemirovskaya Tank Division, (to brigade) ** 10th Guards Uralsko-Lvovskaya Tank Division, гвардейская танковая Уральско-Львовская дивизия (to brigade) **397th MRL Regiment (Skopin) ** 448th Rocket Brigade (

) (Tochka SSM) **4944th Base for Storage of Weapons and Equipment (

)(former 144 Guards MRD) **other units * 22nd Army, 22-я армия,

Nizhni Novgorod Nizhny Novgorod ( ; rus, links=no, Нижний Новгород, a=Ru-Nizhny Novgorod.ogg, p=ˈnʲiʐnʲɪj ˈnovɡərət ), colloquially shortened to Nizhny, from the 13th to the 17th century Novgorod of the Lower Land, formerly known as Gork ...

(appears to be disbanding) ** 3rd ''Vislenskaya'' Motor Rifle Division, Mulino, мотострелковая Вислянская дивизия (splitting into two brigades) ** 5th Anti-Aircraft Rocket Brigade (Shuya) **50th Rocket Brigade (Shuya) (Tochka SSM) **211th Artillery Brigade (Mulino) **918th Multiple Rocket Launcher Regiment (Mulino) ** Base for Storage of Weapons and Equipment (Tver) (ex 166th Motor Rifle Brigade) **other units *

Moldova Moldova ( , ; ), officially the Republic of Moldova ( ro, Republica Moldova), is a landlocked country in Eastern Europe. It is bordered by Romania to the west and Ukraine to the north, east, and south. The unrecognised state of Transnistr ...

(

Tiraspol Tiraspol or Tirișpolea ( ro, Tiraspol, Moldovan Cyrillic: Тираспол, ; russian: Тира́споль, ; uk, Тирасполь, Tyraspol') is the capital of Transnistria (''de facto''), a breakaway state of Moldova, where it is the th ...

) (formerly 14th Guards Army) **(two?) separate battalions, formerly from the 8th Guards Motor Rifle Brigade * 16th Spetsnaz Brigade, 16-я бригада спецназа * 467th Guards District Training Centre (Kovrov) (included 44th Guards Tank Training Regiment, Vladimir) * 16th Air Army *other formations and units In addition to normal units, the district was home at least until 2001 to the 11th Separate Cavalry Regiment ( :ru:11-й отдельный кавалерийский полк), a unit used for producing war films. The unit was based at

''
Order of Lenin The Order of Lenin (russian: Орден Ленина, Orden Lenina, ), named after the leader of the Russian October Revolution, was established by the Central Executive Committee on April 6, 1930. The order was the highest civilian decoration ...
'' Moscow Military District 2010

Russian Ground Forces - Moscow Military District Structure

* Combat formations: ** 4th Guards Independent Tank Brigade ''"Kantemir"'', in

** 5th Guards Independent Motor-Rifle Brigade ''"Taman"'', in Kalininec equipped with BTR ** 6th Independent Tank Brigade ''"Chentokhovskaya"'', in Mulino ** 9th Guards Independent Motor-Rifle Brigade, in

Nizhny Novgorod Nizhny Novgorod ( ; rus, links=no, Нижний Новгород, a=Ru-Nizhny Novgorod.ogg, p=ˈnʲiʐnʲɪj ˈnovɡərət ), colloquially shortened to Nizhny, from the 13th to the 17th century Novgorod of the Lower Land, formerly known as Gork ...

equipped with BMP ** 16th Independent

Spetsnaz Spetsnaz are special forces in numerous post-Soviet states. (The term is borrowed from rus, спецназ, p=spʲɪtsˈnas; abbreviation for or 'Special Purpose Military Units'; or .) Historically, the term ''spetsnaz'' referred to the S ...

Brigade, in (

) ** 27th Guards Sevastopol Motor Rifle Brigade, in Vidnoye equipped with BMP **

(in

) ** 99th Reserve Base (13th Independent Motor-Rifle Brigade), in

** 262nd Reserve Base (1st Independent Tank Brigade), in

Boguchar Boguchar (russian: Богуча́р) is a town and the administrative center of Bogucharsky District in Voronezh Oblast, Russia, located on the Boguchar River (a tributary of the Don), south of Voronezh, the administrative center of the oblast. ...

** 467th Guards District Training Centre, in

Kovrov Kovrov (russian: Ковро́в) is a city in Vladimir Oblast, Russia, located on the right bank of the Klyazma River, a tributary of the Oka. Kovrov's population as of the 2021 Census was 132,417, down from 145,214 recorded in the 2010 Censu ...

* Missile and Artillery formations: ** 45th Heavy Artillery Brigade ''"Svir"'', in

** 79th Guards MLRS Brigade, in

** 112th Guards Missile Brigade, in Shuya ** 288th Artillery Brigade ''"Warsaw-Brandenburg"'', in Mulino ** 448th Missile Brigade, in Durnevo ** 7015th Artillery Reserve Base, in Mulino * Air-defence formations: ** 53rd Air-defence Missile Brigade, in

equipped with the

Buk missile system The Buk (russian: link=no, "Бук"; " beech" (tree), ) is a family of self-propelled, medium-range surface-to-air missile systems developed by the Soviet Union and its successor state, the Russian Federation, and designed to counter cruise ...

** 886th Air-defence Command Center * Radar formations: ** 70th Independent Radio Technical Brigade, in

** 51st Independent Radio Technical Battalion, in Dmitriev-Lgovskyy * Engineering formations: ** 7th Independent Engineer Regiment, in Belev ** 841st Independent Engineer Battalion * NBC-defence formations: ** 27th Independent NBC-defence Brigade, in

** 465th Independent NBC-defence Battalion, in Kineshma * Signal formations: ** 1st Signal Brigade ''"Sevastopol"'', in

Selyatino Selyatino (russian: Селятино) is an urban locality (an urban-type settlement) in Naro-Fominsky District of Moscow Oblast, Russia Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a transcontinental country spanning Eastern Europe a ...

** 16th Independent Electronic Warfare Brigade ** 119th Signal Brigade, in Selyatino ** 147th Independent (Rear) Signal Battalion Formations of the Airborne Forces, including the

98th Guards Airborne Division The 98th Guards Airborne Division is an airborne division of the Russian Airborne Troops, currently based in Ivanovo. Russian 98th Airborne Division patch.svg, 98th Guards Airborne Division shoulder sleeve insignia (1993) History During the Se ...

and 106th Guards Airborne Division ''"Tula"'', also are based within the District's boundaries, but report directly to VDV headquarters. Army General Vladimir Bakin was the former chief of staff – first deputy commander-in-chief of forces of the

Volga-Ural Military District Idel-Ural ( tt-Cyrl, Идел-Урал, translit=Idel-Üral, russian: Идель-Урал), literally Volga-Ural, is a historical region in Eastern Europe, in what is today Russia. The name literally means ''Volga-Urals'' in the Tatar language. T ...

Notes

References

* *Kommersant-Vlast, 'Vys Rossiya Armia'. https://web.archive.org/web/20050309013355/http://www.kommersant.ru/k-vlast/get_page.asp?page_id=2005769-22.htm, 14 May 2002 * IISS Military Balance *Harriet Fast Scott and William F Scott, The Armed Forces of the USSR, Westview Press, Boulder, Colorado, 1979.