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Iosif Mrozovsky
Iosif Ivanovich Mrozovsky (14 December 1857 – 16 October 1934) was a Russian General of Artillery. Biography From the nobility of the Grodno province, he graduated from the Polotsk Cadet Corps (1874), Mikhailovsky Artillery School (1877), and Mikhailovsky Artillery Academy. Since December 19, 1900 - chief of artillery of the South Manchurian detachment, a participant in the Chinese campaign. Since April 6, 1902 - commander of the 2nd division of the 5th artillery brigade. From January 5, 1904 - the commander of the 18th artillery, from February 18, 1904 - the 9th East Siberian rifle artillery brigade. Member of the Russian-Japanese war. From August 23, 1905 he served as chief of artillery of the 1st Army Corps. After the war, on February 7, 1906, he was appointed acting chief of artillery of the Petersburg Military District. Since August 26, 1908 - Head of the 1st Guards Infantry Division. May 21, 1912 he was appointed commander of the grenadier corps stationed in Moscow. At ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paris
Paris () is the capital and most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,165,423 residents in 2019 in an area of more than 105 km² (41 sq mi), making it the 30th most densely populated city in the world in 2020. Since the 17th century, Paris has been one of the world's major centres of finance, diplomacy, commerce, fashion, gastronomy, and science. For its leading role in the arts and sciences, as well as its very early system of street lighting, in the 19th century it became known as "the City of Light". Like London, prior to the Second World War, it was also sometimes called the capital of the world. The City of Paris is the centre of the Île-de-France region, or Paris Region, with an estimated population of 12,262,544 in 2019, or about 19% of the population of France, making the region France's primate city. The Paris Region had a GDP of €739 billion ($743 billion) in 2019, which is the highest in Europe. According to the Economist Intelli ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
French Third Republic
The French Third Republic (french: Troisième République, sometimes written as ) was the system of government adopted in France from 4 September 1870, when the Second French Empire collapsed during the Franco-Prussian War, until 10 July 1940, after the Fall of France during World War II led to the formation of the Vichy government. The early days of the Third Republic were dominated by political disruptions caused by the Franco-Prussian War of 1870–1871, which the Republic continued to wage after the fall of Emperor Napoleon III in 1870. Harsh reparations exacted by the Prussians after the war resulted in the loss of the French regions of Alsace (keeping the Territoire de Belfort) and Lorraine (the northeastern part, i.e. present-day department of Moselle), social upheaval, and the establishment of the Paris Commune. The early governments of the Third Republic considered re-establishing the monarchy, but disagreement as to the nature of that monarchy and the rightful occ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Imperial Russian Army
The Imperial Russian Army (russian: Ру́сская импера́торская а́рмия, tr. ) was the armed land force of the Russian Empire, active from around 1721 to the Russian Revolution of 1917. In the early 1850s, the Russian Army consisted of more than 900,000 regular soldiers and nearly 250,000 irregulars (mostly Cossacks). Precursors: Regiments of the New Order Russian tsars before Peter the Great maintained professional hereditary musketeer corps known as '' streltsy''. These were originally raised by Ivan the Terrible; originally an effective force, they had become highly unreliable and undisciplined. In times of war the armed forces were augmented by peasants. The regiments of the new order, or regiments of the foreign order (''Полки нового строя'' or ''Полки иноземного строя'', ''Polki novovo (inozemnovo) stroya''), was the Russian term that was used to describe military units that were formed in the Tsardom of Russi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1st Guards Infantry Division (Russian Empire)
The 1st Guards Infantry Division (russian: 1-я гвардейская пехотная дивизия) was an infantry formation of the Russian Imperial Army which was part of the Imperial Guard. It was headquartered in Saint Petersburg and was part of the Guards Corps. It took part in fighting against Napoleonic invasion of Russia in 1811 shortly after its formation. It was expanded in July 1914 upon the mobilization of the Russian Imperial Army, and took part in fighting on the Eastern Front of World War I. The division was demobilized in 1918 after the Russian Revolution. History The unit was initially formed on 15 June 1807 as the 1st Infantry Division. It was renamed "Guards" Infantry Division on 11 November 1811. For most of its history it was stationed in St Petersburg and was part of the Petersburg Military District upon its creation. Order of battle upon formation When it was founded in 1807 the unit consisted of the following: *Preobrazhensky Regiment *Semyonovsky Re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Moscow Military District
The Order of Lenin Moscow Military District was a military district of the Soviet Armed Forces and the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. The district was awarded the Order of Lenin in 1968. In 2010 it was merged with the Leningrad Military District, the Northern Fleet and the Baltic Fleet to form the new Western Military District. History In the beginning of the second half of the 19th century Russian officials realized the need for re-organization of the Imperial Russian Army to meet new circumstances. During May 1862, the War Ministry, headed by Army General Dmitry Milyutin, introduced to Tsar Alexander II of Russia proposals for the reorganization of the army, which included the formation of fifteen military districts. A tsarist edict of 6 August 1864, announced in a Defence Minister’s order on 10 August of the same year, established ten military districts, including Moscow. The District’s territory then comprised 12 provinces: Vladimir, Vologda, Kaluga, Kostroma, M ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Boxer Rebellion
The Boxer Rebellion, also known as the Boxer Uprising, the Boxer Insurrection, or the Yihetuan Movement, was an anti-foreign, anti-colonial, and anti-Christian uprising in China between 1899 and 1901, towards the end of the Qing dynasty, by the Society of Righteous and Harmonious Fists (), known as the "Boxers" in English because many of its members had practised Chinese martial arts, which at the time were referred to as "Chinese boxing". After the Sino-Japanese War of 1895, villagers in North China feared the expansion of foreign spheres of influence and resented the extension of privileges to Christian missionaries, who used them to shield their followers. In 1898 Northern China experienced several natural disasters, including the Yellow River flooding and droughts, which Boxers blamed on foreign and Christian influence. Beginning in 1899, Boxers spread violence across Shandong and the North China Plain, destroying foreign property such as railroads and attacking or ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Russo-Japanese War
The Russo-Japanese War ( ja, 日露戦争, Nichiro sensō, Japanese-Russian War; russian: Ру́сско-япóнская войнá, Rússko-yapónskaya voyná) was fought between the Empire of Japan and the Russian Empire during 1904 and 1905 over rival imperial ambitions in Manchuria and the Korean Empire. The major theatres of military operations were located in Liaodong Peninsula and Mukden in Southern Manchuria, and the Yellow Sea and the Sea of Japan. Russia sought a warm-water port on the Pacific Ocean both for its navy and for maritime trade. Vladivostok remained ice-free and operational only during the summer; Port Arthur, a naval base in Liaodong Province leased to Russia by the Qing dynasty of China from 1897, was operational year round. Russia had pursued an expansionist policy east of the Urals, in Siberia and the Far East, since the reign of Ivan the Terrible in the 16th century. Since the end of the First Sino-Japanese War in 1895, Japan had feared Russian en ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
World War I
World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, the United States, and the Ottoman Empire, with fighting occurring throughout Europe, the Middle East, Africa, the Pacific, and parts of Asia. An estimated 9 million soldiers were killed in combat, plus another 23 million wounded, while 5 million civilians died as a result of military action, hunger, and disease. Millions more died in genocides within the Ottoman Empire and in the 1918 influenza pandemic, which was exacerbated by the movement of combatants during the war. Prior to 1914, the European great powers were divided between the Triple Entente (comprising France, Russia, and Britain) and the Triple Alliance (containing Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy). Tensions in the Balkans came to a head on 28 June 1914, following the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
October Revolution
The October Revolution,. officially known as the Great October Socialist Revolution. in the Soviet Union, also known as the Bolshevik Revolution, was a revolution in Russia led by the Bolshevik Party of Vladimir Lenin that was a key moment in the larger Russian Revolution of 1917–1923. It was the second revolutionary change of government in Russia in 1917. It took place through an armed insurrection in Petrograd (now Saint Petersburg) on . It was the precipitating event of the Russian Civil War. The October Revolution followed and capitalized on the February Revolution earlier that year, which had overthrown the Tsarist autocracy, resulting in a liberal provisional government. The provisional government had taken power after being proclaimed by Grand Duke Michael, Tsar Nicholas II's younger brother, who declined to take power after the Tsar stepped down. During this time, urban workers began to organize into councils (soviets) wherein revolutionaries criticized the pro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Platon Lechitsky
Platon Alekseevich Lechitsky (18 March 1856 – 2 February 1921) was a Russian general. Biography Born in the Grodno Governorate, Grodno province in the family of a rural priest Alexei Nikolaevich and Sofia Alexandrovna (née Pavlovskaya) Lechitsky. His father graduated from the Lithuanian Theological Seminary in the first category in 1849, was ordained priest on September 14, 1851, and served in the diocese of Grodno. Plato Lechitsky entered the seminary in the footsteps of his father, but already in 1873 he was dismissed from grade 1 as he failed to appear for the whole academic year. On March 25, 1877, the young man entered the military service as a private on the rights of self-determining 3rd rank in the 7th grenadier Samogit adjutant general Count Eduard Totleben, Totleben regiment, stationed in Moscow. And already on August 7 of that year he was sent to study at the Warsaw Infantry Junker School. The future commander graduated from the 2nd category in 1879 and received the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vladimir Apollonovich Olokhov
Vladimir Apollonovich Olokhov (21 January 1857 - 14 December 1920) was a Russian military leader, hero of the First World War, general from infantry. Biography Orthodox. From the nobles of the Livonia province. The son of Major General Apollon Alekseevich Olokhov (1815-1866). He graduated from the 2nd St. Petersburg Military Gymnasium (1873) and the Mikhailovsky Artillery School (1876), from which he was released as second lieutenant to the 3rd Guards and Grenadier Artillery Brigade. Ranks: lieutenant (1877), lieutenant of the guard (1878), lieutenant (1882), staff captain of the guard with renaming as captain of the General Staff (1882), lieutenant colonel (1889), colonel (for distinction, 1893), major general (for distinction, 1903), lieutenant general (for distinction, 1909), general from infantry (1915). He participated in the Russian-Turkish war of 1877–1878, for the difference in which he had three military orders. After the war, he was transferred to the second artil ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
