Marc Jean-Bernard (born 14 May 1952) is a French philosopher, thinker in

International Relations International relations (IR), sometimes referred to as international studies and international affairs, is the scientific study of interactions between sovereign states. In a broader sense, it concerns all activities between states—such a ...

, classical musician and musicologist. His published work is notably dedicated to ''

Hermeneutics Hermeneutics () is the theory and methodology of interpretation, especially the interpretation of biblical texts, wisdom literature, and philosophical texts. Hermeneutics is more than interpretative principles or methods used when immediate ...

of Culture.'', ''International Politics Theory'', '' Aesthetic Theory'', and ''

Philosophy of Music Philosophy of music is the study of "fundamental questions about the nature of music and our experience of it".Andrew Kania,The Philosophy of Music, ''The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy'', Spring 2014 edition, edited by Edward N. Zalta. The p ...

''. His theoretical contributions (written in French, English, and Spanish) to the ''Philosophy of Music'' presents the particularity to synthesize hermeneutical, analytical, and cognitive methodologies. Marc Jean-Bernard internally associates theoretical investigation into artistic/educative praxis and concrete institutional action in Puerto Rico (USA).

Life

Marc Jean-Bernard was born in Paris into a family of intellectuals and lawyers (he was named ''Jean-Bernard'' after the French historian Jean-Bernard Passerieu). He accomplished his philosophical studies at the

Sorbonne Sorbonne may refer to: * Sorbonne (building), historic building in Paris, which housed the University of Paris and is now shared among multiple universities. *the University of Paris (c. 1150 – 1970) *one of its components or linked institution, ...

, Paris 1, where he was strongly influenced by the French philosopher Jacques Bouveresse, and by the French philosopher and musicologist

Vladimir Jankélévitch Vladimir Jankélévitch (; 31 August 1903 – 6 June 1985) was a French philosopher and musicologist. Biography Jankélévitch was the son of Russian Jewish parents, who had emigrated to France. In 1922 he started studying philosophy at the Éco ...

. After working on Hegel's Aesthetics, his Doctoral Studies and Thesis on Wittgenstein was specifically focused on the aesthetic and cultural resonance of

Ludwig Wittgenstein Ludwig Josef Johann Wittgenstein ( ; ; 26 April 1889 – 29 April 1951) was an Austrian-British philosopher who worked primarily in logic, the philosophy of mathematics, the philosophy of mind, and the philosophy of language. He is con ...

's Philosophical corpus, in relation with Austrian/German culture and Music. Marc Jean-Bernard received his Doctorate in Philosophy at the Sorbonne (Paris 1) for his thesis on Wittgenstein under the direction of Professor Jacques Bouveresse. At the same, time he started an active career as a ''classical guitarist'', conductor and musicologist. He started studying Music formally at a very early age and developed since 1978 a career as a classical musician and performed extensively worldwide as a soloist and conductor until 2000. He dedicated as well himself to philosophical, academic, and diplomatic activities. Since his new public appearance in June 2015 in London Marc Jean-Bernard returned successfully to the concert halls in Europe and South America, as a conductor, soloist, and a lecturer in the frame of Concert-Lectures. Having been also trained with American composers and virtuosos, his strong interest and competencies in South American Music, Literature and Culture led him to investigate in a Wittgenstein's way -and interpret as well- narrative and mythical dimensions of Latin American Music. His life took on a

Latin-American Latin Americans ( es, Latinoamericanos; pt, Latino-americanos; ) are the citizens of Latin American countries (or people with cultural, ancestral or national origins in Latin America). Latin American countries and their diasporas are multi-ethn ...

flavor with a move to Colombia, where he combined the teaching of ''Philosophy of Language'' at the Public University with the post of Dean of the Music Faculty at a leading Conservatory. Until 2004, Marc Jean-Bernard's professional life was divided between the worlds of philosophy and music. In that year, a third world was added to them with his nomination as

ad honorem ''Ad honorem'' is a Latin phrase that literally can be translated as "to the honor". When used today, it generally means "for the honor of"; that is, not seeking any material reward. It is commonly used in universities for certain unpaid teaching ...

Consul Consul (abbrev. ''cos.''; Latin plural ''consules'') was the title of one of the two chief magistrates of the Roman Republic, and subsequently also an important title under the Roman Empire. The title was used in other European city-states throu ...

France France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans. Its metropolitan area ...

Puerto Rico Puerto Rico (; abbreviated PR; tnq, Boriken, ''Borinquen''), officially the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico ( es, link=yes, Estado Libre Asociado de Puerto Rico, lit=Free Associated State of Puerto Rico), is a Caribbean island and unincorporated ...

. Currently, Professor of

Humanities Humanities are academic disciplines that study aspects of human society and culture. In the Renaissance, the term contrasted with divinity and referred to what is now called classics, the main area of secular study in universities at the t ...

at the

University of Puerto Rico The University of Puerto Rico ( es, Universidad de Puerto Rico, UPR) is the main public university system in the U.S. Commonwealth of Puerto Rico. It is a government-owned corporation with 11 campuses and approximately 58,000 students and 5,3 ...

, he maintains his interests in the

Culture Theory Culture theory is the branch of comparative anthropology and semiotics (not to be confused with cultural sociology or cultural studies) that seeks to define the heuristic concept of culture in operational and/or scientific terms. Overview In t ...

and the ''Philosophy of the Arts'', the subjects of many essays and papers in French, English, and Spanish. He also pursues his musical activities, some of which have been recorded on French labels. He is also active in his consular mission, which is particularly involved in the development of

European Studies European studies is a field of study offered by many academic colleges and universities that focuses on current developments in European integration. Some programmes offer a social science or public administration curriculum focusing on develop ...

, through bilateral agreements with overseas universities. Since 2009, Dr. Marc Jean-Bernard is the Director of an

International Studies International relations (IR), sometimes referred to as international studies and international affairs, is the scientific study of interactions between sovereign states. In a broader sense, it concerns all activities between states—such a ...

Program at the

. His current investigations and publications on this subject are dedicated to the dialogue between Europe and America, with a topical emphasis on

Latin America Latin America or * french: Amérique Latine, link=no * ht, Amerik Latin, link=no * pt, América Latina, link=no, name=a, sometimes referred to as LatAm is a large cultural region in the Americas where Romance languages — languages derived f ...

from a perspective articulating

and

Culture Culture () is an umbrella term which encompasses the social behavior, institutions, and norms found in human societies, as well as the knowledge, beliefs, arts, laws, customs, capabilities, and habits of the individuals in these groups ...

. Dr. Marc Jean-Bernard published in 2012 an extent essay: "Tractatus Musico Philosophicus, I. Filosofía y Estética Musical", Ed. Post data, 522 p. He is preparing a French, Spanish and English full publication of his

Essays An essay is, generally, a piece of writing that gives the author's own argument, but the definition is vague, overlapping with those of a letter, a paper, an article, a pamphlet, and a short story. Essays have been sub-classified as formal a ...

. His extensive research on the theory of diplomatic dialogue conducted him to privilege the diplomacy of Charles de Gaulle in several articles and a new essay on de Gaulle's foreign policy and diplomacy, to be issued in French, English, and Spanish. The French original version of this new philosophical essay, the first volume of an extent ''Phenomenology of Dialogue'', has been published in September 2018: ''Phénoménologie du dialogue, I.-Charles de Gaulle,une pensée diplomatique en acte. Amérique Latine.'' /.The second volume of this Phenomenology of Dialogue has been published in December 2020 ''PHÉNOMÉNOOLOGIE DU DIALOGUE, II.-L'expérience mystique et le commandement du dialogue spirituel'', Edilivre, Paris, 2020,415 p. In 2010, Dr. Jean-Bernard has been elected

Dean Dean may refer to: People * Dean (given name) * Dean (surname), a surname of Anglo-Saxon English origin * Dean (South Korean singer), a stage name for singer Kwon Hyuk * Dean Delannoit, a Belgian singer most known by the mononym Dean Titles * ...

of the

Consular Corps Consular corps (from french: Corps consulaire and commonly abbreviated ''CC'') is a concept analogous to diplomatic corps, but concerning the staff, estates and work of a consulate. "While ambassadors and diplomatic staff are devoted to bette ...

. In July 2014, Dr. Jean-Bernard founded the first ''Institute of

of Puerto Rico'' (Non-Profit Corporation), a

think tank A think tank, or policy institute, is a research institute that performs research and advocacy concerning topics such as social policy, political strategy, economics, military, technology, and culture. Most think tanks are non-governmenta ...

dedicated to the offering, far from the ideologies, independent scientific and specialized contributions to concrete governance, democracy, and peace. https://web.archive.org/web/20140811191608/http://iripr.weebly.com/ He has been elected member of the ''Academy of the Arts and Sciences'' of

, between other academic and official distinctions.

Philosophy

Marc Jean-Bernard's Philosophy could be accurately described as a music-philosophical investigation of ''understanding'' and ''interpreting'', following the tradition of thinkers such as

Merleau-Ponty Maurice Jean Jacques Merleau-Ponty. (; 14 March 1908 – 3 May 1961) was a French phenomenological philosopher, strongly influenced by Edmund Husserl and Martin Heidegger. The constitution of meaning in human experience was his main interest an ...

Wittgenstein Ludwig Josef Johann Wittgenstein ( ; ; 26 April 1889 – 29 April 1951) was an Austrians, Austrian-British people, British philosopher who worked primarily in logic, the philosophy of mathematics, the philosophy of mind, and the philosophy o ...

Ernst Bloch Ernst Simon Bloch (; July 8, 1885 – August 4, 1977; pseudonyms: Karl Jahraus, Jakob Knerz) was a German Marxist philosopher. Bloch was influenced by Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel and Karl Marx, as well as by apocalyptic and religious thinkers ...

Adorno Theodor W. Adorno ( , ; born Theodor Ludwig Wiesengrund; 11 September 1903 – 6 August 1969) was a German philosopher, sociologist, psychologist, musicologist, and composer. He was a leading member of the Frankfurt School of critica ...

and Jankélévitch. Such a philosophical perspective assumes -after

Schopenhauer Arthur Schopenhauer ( , ; 22 February 1788 – 21 September 1860) was a German philosopher. He is best known for his 1818 work '' The World as Will and Representation'' (expanded in 1844), which characterizes the phenomenal world as the pr ...

Nietzsche Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche (; or ; 15 October 1844 – 25 August 1900) was a German philosopher, prose poet, cultural critic, philologist, and composer whose work has exerted a profound influence on contemporary philosophy. He began his car ...

and

-, that the blurring of the original unity between Philosophy and Music has to be rethought and overcome. This assumption, equally relevant for the Indo- Iranian, Japanese and Chinese cosmologies, is grounded, in

western culture Leonardo da Vinci's ''Vitruvian Man''. Based on the correlations of ideal Body proportions">human proportions with geometry described by the ancient Roman architect Vitruvius in Book III of his treatise ''De architectura''. image:Plato Pio-Cle ...

, on the constructive acknowledgment of the internal relation between the general theory of ''Lógos'', and the theory of ''αρμονια'' for which the concept of ''musiké'' is one of the major dimensions. This theoretical and dialogical perspective, with its stress on the relevance of cultural hermeneutics, aesthetics, and musical thinking for the problem of unity and diversity in culture(s), entails several methodological demands. These tasks can be equally formulated from a phenomenological, hermeneutical, or grammatical point of view. This open hermeneutics is focused by Marc Jean-Bernard on both practical and theoretical dimensions: Epistemic Perspective The Greek locution ''Dialegein'' synthesizes a theoretic set of axiological investigations, corresponding to a unified epistemic methodology that embraces Cultural Hermeneutics, specifically Aesthetics and Ethics. His construction of ethical and aesthetical responsibility stands as a philosophical ''cantus firmus'' for the understanding of cultural polyphony. Intentionality and Cognition Firstly, Marc Jean-Bernard seeks to provide a philosophical account of cognitive sciences in the field of culture. The extension of research in

Philosophy of Mind Philosophy of mind is a branch of philosophy that studies the ontology and nature of the mind and its relationship with the body. The mind–body problem is a paradigmatic issue in philosophy of mind, although a number of other issues are add ...

and Continental Philosophy assigns a theoretical imperative to ethical and cultural investigations, in order to grammatically fix the amphibology of explanation. In contrast to the anti-functionalism and anti- physicalism of phenomenology and hermeneutics, his research on intentionality and subjectivity induces a deep revision of the dichotomy between the transcendental and analytical accounts of phenomenology. He starts with a clear grammar of the term intentionality, unifying its phenomenological and cognitive meaning. Then, a '' non-reductive'' perspective on Mind and Psychism examines cognitive intentionality (representational consciousness of cognition) and affective intentionality (non-representational consciousness and non-affective connaturality), following both the phenomenological description of consciousness and the legacy of Wittgenstein’s investigations on perception, knowledge, and psychology. Aesthetic experience as axiology In his musical or philosophical essays and papers, he stressed the relevance of ''values'' in the aesthetic experience considered as a counterpoint of hermeneutic gestures. This insight on symbolic consciousness and truth-content of art is exemplified throughout two ontologically interconnected main fields: Music and Architecture. Considering the non-representational and representational semantics of Music and Architecture, the temporalization and spatialization gestures implied in design and composition embrace the entire sphere of dwelling in a given world, what we call an aesthetical ''oikonomia''. This connection between temporality and spatiality is exposed through recent examples, where axiological and "immunological" claims of a harmonic world are creatively expressed. These paradigmatic topics, focused on architectural design and musical compositions, are chosen between contemporary works from European, Japanese, North, and South American cultures. Knowledge, Art, and Responsibility Correspondingly, he crystallizes the claim for ''dialogue'' between cognitive and hermeneutics in Art, Ethics, and Education. His dialogical perspective entails new methodological demands applied to

cultural diversity Cultural diversity is the quality of diverse or different cultures, as opposed to monoculture, the global monoculture, or a homogenization of cultures, akin to cultural evolution. The term "cultural diversity" can also refer to having different c ...

. Phenomenological, grammatical, and cognitive approaches of today’s Aesthetic Endeavour induce a corresponding insight into the role of effective intentionality in Ethics. He assumes that we are led to a synoptic view of Responsibility, within a nonreductive frame. Responsibility, linking Wittgenstein to Levinas, and phenomenological to cognitive descriptions, emphasizes the exigent core of a philosophical telos. This Duty reaffirms Malraux’s meditation in ''The Twilight of the Absolute'', through the infinite epiphany of Autrui.

Selected readings and musical activity

*''PHÉNOMÉNOOLOGIE DU DIALOGUE, I.-Charles de Gaulle,une pensée diplomatique en acte. Amérique Latine'', Edilivre, Paris, 2018, 334p. / *''PHÉNOMÉNOOLOGIE DU DIALOGUE, II.-L'expérience mystique et le commandement du dialogue spirituel'', Edilivre, Paris, 2020,415 p. *''REVISTA DEL COLEGIO DE ABOGADOS Y ABOGADAS DE PUERTO RICO'', Educación jurídica continua VOL. 75 NÚMS. 1-2 2014, pp. 280–320. CONMEMORATIVA DEL CENTENARIO *"La aporía del nómos jurídico", ESPOIR, REVUE DE LA FONDATION CHARLES DE GAULLE - 1944: ''Rétablir la Légalité Républicaine'', Numéro 177 Septembre 2014 . *''Une triple articulation philosophique, culturelle et politique'' *"The Grammars of Mystical Experience in Christian Theological Dialogue", Philosophy Study Vol. 8, No. 4, 2018 (Print ISSN 2159-5313; Online ISSN 2159-5321) *''TRACTATUS MUSICO-PHILOSOPHICUS, I. FILOSOFÍA Y ESTÉTICA MUSICAL, Prefacio de Jean-Yves Bosseur'' (Director de Investigaciones en el CNRS), Editorial Postdata, 2012, 522 p., . *''PAROLES ET MUSIQUE DANS LE MONDE HISPANIQUE'', coordination de Philippe Reynés et de Bruce Kohler *''Herméneutique des structures narratives dans l’écriture musicale Latino-américaine du XX° siècle (Musique symphonique, Musique de Chambre,

Opéra This is a glossary list of opera genres, giving alternative names. "Opera" is an Italian word (short for "opera in musica"); it was not at first ''commonly'' used in Italy (or in other countries) to refer to the genre of particular works. Most c ...

, Théâtre Musical, Ballet)''. *''EL ARCO PRODIGIOSO, Perspectivas de Pablo Casals y su legado en Puerto Rico'', Pedro Angel Reina Perez, Editor, Diciembre de 2009, EMS Editors *"Estéticas de

Pau Casals Pau Casals i Defilló (Catalan: ; 29 December 187622 October 1973), usually known in English by his Castilian Spanish name Pablo Casals,

: El Arco entre Música y Ética", REVISTA UMBRAL N.2, abril 2010, pp. 81–108 ojs.uprrp.edu/index.php/umbral Universidad de Puerto Rico, Rec into de Río Piedras *"

André Malraux Georges André Malraux ( , ; 3 November 1901 – 23 November 1976) was a French novelist, art theorist, and Minister of Culture (France), minister of cultural affairs. Malraux's novel ''La Condition Humaine'' (Man's Fate) (1933) won the Prix Go ...

Europa Europa may refer to: Places * Europe * Europa (Roman province), a province within the Diocese of Thrace * Europa (Seville Metro), Seville, Spain; a station on the Seville Metro * Europa City, Paris, France; a planned development * Europa Cliff ...

y los destinos de la cultura mundial", ENCUENTRO CON EL CARIBE FRANCÉS, Un encuentro entre literatos, historiadores, arqueólogos y antropólogos de Haití, Guadalupe, Martinica y Puerto Rico. Fundación Cultural Educativa Inc- copyright

Instituto de Cultura Puertorriqueña The Institute of Puerto Rican Culture ( es, Instituto de Cultura Puertorriqueña), or ICP, for short, is an institution of the Government of Puerto Rico responsible for the establishment of the cultural policies required in order to study, preser ...

, 2010 *"

et les métamorphoses de l'Imaginaire Antillais", Magistral Opening Conference dictated and published in Spanish for the ''ENCUENTRO CON EL CARIBE FRANCÉS'', FIRST INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON THE FRENCH CARIBBEAN, MARCH, 10-14, 2009 Instituto de Estudios Avanzados de PR y del Caribe, IEA/ Instituto de Cultura de PR *''L'EXIL ESPAGNOL DANS LES AMÉRIQUES'', Coordination Ernesto Mächler-Tobar *''Cantus Firmus d'un exil musico-philosophique: la geste de

Pau Casals Pau Casals i Defilló (Catalan: ; 29 December 187622 October 1973), usually known in English by his Castilian Spanish name Pablo Casals,

(1955-1973)'' Marc Jean-Bernard's musical career mirrors his thinking, which is exposed and published in three languages through multiples essays and conferences to be soon republished in a synthetic way. Echoing

Bernard Holland Bernard Holland (born 1933) is an American music critic. He served on the staff of '' The New York Times'' from 1981 until 2008 and held the post of chief music critic from 1995, contributing 4,575 articles to the newspaper. He then became the Nat ...

The New York Times ''The New York Times'' (''the Times'', ''NYT'', or the Gray Lady) is a daily newspaper based in New York City with a worldwide readership reported in 2020 to comprise a declining 840,000 paid print subscribers, and a growing 6 million paid d ...

in 1982, Jean Gallois synthetized the enthusiastic reception of his concerts by the public: " C’est Splendide; oyez, oyez bonnes gens! Un merveilleux guitariste nous est né". Marc Jean-Bernard's Recital programs reflect his philosophical conception of music and project his conception of the social mission of the classical performer. Tour recitals and recordings have been always dedicated to the insight of the ''musical thinking'' of specific composers. According to this goal, Marc Jean-Bernard's discography is focused on complete works or cycles, fully documented by commentaries.

Joaquín RODRIGO Joaquín Rodrigo Vidre, 1st Marquess of the Gardens of Aranjuez (; 22 November 1901 – 6 July 1999), was a Spanish composer and a virtuoso pianist. He is best known for composing the '' Concierto de Aranjuez'', a cornerstone of the classical gu ...

''L’Oeuvre Complète pour Guitare'' (2 CD Dante/Lys D 005/6) ''Fantasia para un Gentilhombre'' (Dante/Lys 022)

Leo BROUWER Juan Leovigildo Brouwer Mezquida (born March 1, 1939) is a Cuban composer, conductor, and classical guitarist. He is a Member of Honour of the International Music Council. Family He is the grandson of Cuban composer Ernestina Lecuona y Casado. ...

''Works for Solo Guitar'' (Pierre Vérany/Agone V 0006)

Mario CASTELNUOVO-TEDESCO Mario Castelnuovo-Tedesco (3 April 1895 – 16 March 1968) was an Italian composer, pianist and writer. He was known as one of the foremost guitar composers in the twentieth century with almost one hundred compositions for that instrument. In ...

''Complete Works for Solo Guitar,Vol. 1'' ( Dante/Lys ) Heitor VILLA-LOBOS ''Mélodies pour soprano et Guitare'' (Mélothèque-MEL 0001) ''Bachianas Brasileiras'' N° 5. Since June 2015 in London,Concert- Lecture: The Influence of Classical Guitar on Italian Music from Verdi to Castelnuovo-Tedesco - Soloist/lecturer Marc Jean-Bernard, PhD, Philosopher, musician (... )Thursday 4th June 6:30 for 7:00 p.m. 2015 At 55 Exhibition Road, London SW7 2PN. Marc Jean-Bernard returned successfully to the concert hall in Europe and South America, as a conductor, soloist, and a lecturer in the context of frequent Concert-Lectures.

References

* http://www.bu.edu/wcp/Papers/Aest/AestJean.htm * http://www.bu.edu/wcp/MainAest.htm * http://www.ictal.org/INI/imagenes/2005/ciencia_science_2005/einstein/ * http://www.midline.net/nfp/PDFs/Jean-Bernard.pdf * http://www.elcultural.es/version_papel/MUSICA/1441/Sus_mejores_grabaciones/ * https://www.amazon.co.uk/Rodrigo-Guitar-Works/dp/B00000G2KM * https://web.archive.org/web/20100614144612/http://umbral.uprrp.edu/files/festival_musico_literario.pdf

* https://web.archive.org/web/20110720100604/http://generales.uprrp.edu/Departamentos/huma/curriculum_vitae/curriculum_vitae_bernard.pdf * http://itp.tisch.nyu.edu/object/GauthierJ.html * https://www.edilivre.com/phenomenologie-du-dialogue-i-marc-jean-bernard.html

External links

* http://mjeanbernard.weebly.com {{DEFAULTSORT:Jean-Bernard, Marc 1952 births University of Paris alumni French philosophers French musicians Living people Hermeneutists French male non-fiction writers