The Hispano-Suiza 8 was a

water-cooled Cooling tower and water discharge of a nuclear power plant Water cooling is a method of heat removal from components and industrial equipment. Evaporative cooling using water is often more efficient than air cooling. Water is inexpensive and non ...

SOHC An overhead camshaft (OHC) engine is a piston engine where the camshaft is located in the cylinder head above the combustion chamber. This contrasts with earlier overhead valve engines (OHV), where the camshaft is located below the combustion cha ...

aero engine An aircraft engine, often referred to as an aero engine, is the power component of an aircraft propulsion system. Most aircraft engines are either piston engines or gas turbines, although a few have been rocket powered and in recent years many ...

introduced by

Hispano-Suiza Hispano-Suiza () is a Spanish automotive–engineering company. It was founded in 1904 by Marc Birkigt and Damian Mateu as an automobile manufacturer and eventually had several factories in Spain and France that produced luxury cars, aircraft en ...

in 1914, and was the most commonly used liquid-cooled engine in the aircraft of the

Entente Powers The Triple Entente (from French '' entente'' meaning "friendship, understanding, agreement") describes the informal understanding between the Russian Empire, the French Third Republic, and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland as well a ...

during the First World War. The original Hispano-Suiza 8A was rated at and the later, larger displacement Hispano-Suiza 8F reached . Hispano-Suiza 8 engines and variants produced by Hispano-Suiza and other companies under licence were built in twenty-one factories in Spain, France, Britain, Italy, and the U.S. Derivatives of the engine were also used abroad to power numerous aircraft types and the engine can be considered as the ancestor of another successful engine by the same designer, the

Hispano-Suiza 12Y The Hispano-Suiza 12Y was an aircraft engine produced by Hispano-Suiza for the French Air Force before the Second World War. The 12Y became the primary French 1,000 hp (750 kW) class engine and was used in a number of famous aircraft, ...

(and Soviet

Klimov The JSC Klimov (or Joint Stock Company Klimov) presently manufactures internationally certified gas turbine engines, main gearboxes and accessory drive gearboxes for transport aircraft. Originally established as ''Kirill Klimov Experimental De ...

V12 derivative aero-engines) which was in service during the Second World War.

Design and development

Origins

At the beginning of World War I, the production lines of the

Barcelona Barcelona ( , , ) is a city on the coast of northeastern Spain. It is the capital and largest city of the autonomous community of Catalonia, as well as the second most populous municipality of Spain. With a population of 1.6 million within ci ...

based

automobile and engine company were switched to the production of war materiel. Chief engineer

Marc Birkigt Marc Birkigt (8 March 1878, Geneva – 15 March 1953, Versoix) was a Swiss engineer, automotive and aviation pioneer, and co-founder of Hispano-Suiza in 1904. He lived in Barcelona, Spain when he was hired by Emilio de la Cuadra in 1898 to wor ...

led work on an aircraft engine based on his successful V8 automobile engine. The resulting engine, called the Hispano-Suiza 8A (HS-31), made its first appearance in February 1915. The first 8A kept the standard configuration of Birkigt's existing design: eight cylinders in 90° Vee configuration, a displacement of 11.76 litres (717.8 cu in) and a power output of 140 hp at 1,900 rpm. In spite of the similarities with the original design, the engine had been substantially refined. The crankshaft was machined from a solid piece of steel. The cylinder blocks were cast aluminium and of monobloc type that is, in one piece with the

cylinder heads. The inlet and exhaust ports were cast into the blocks, the valve seats were in the top face of the steel cylinder liners, which were screwed into the blocks. Using a rotating

bevel gear Bevel gears are gears where the axes of the two shafts intersect and the tooth-bearing faces of the gears themselves are conically shaped. Bevel gears are most often mounted on shafts that are 90 degrees apart, but can be designed to work at oth ...

-driven tower shaft coming up from the crankcase along the rear end of each cylinder bank, with the final drive for each cylinder bank's camshaft accommodated within a semicircular bulge at the rear end of each valve cover. Aluminium parts were coated in vitreous enamel to reduce leakage. All parts subject to wear, and those critical for engine ignition were duplicated:

spark plug A spark plug (sometimes, in British English, a sparking plug, and, colloquially, a plug) is a device for delivering electric current from an ignition system to the combustion chamber of a spark-ignition engine to ignite the compressed fuel/air ...

s for

dual ignition Dual Ignition is a system for spark-ignition engines, whereby critical ignition components, such as spark plugs and magnetos, are duplicated. Dual ignition is most commonly employed on aero engines,Crane, Dale: ''Dictionary of Aeronautical Terms ...

reliability, valve springs,

magneto A magneto is an electrical generator that uses permanent magnets to produce periodic pulses of alternating current. Unlike a dynamo, a magneto does not contain a commutator to produce direct current. It is categorized as a form of alternator, ...

s, etc. Engine reliability and

power to weight ratio Power-to-weight ratio (PWR, also called specific power, or power-to-mass ratio) is a calculation commonly applied to engines and mobile power sources to enable the comparison of one unit or design to another. Power-to-weight ratio is a measuremen ...

s were major problems in early aviation. The engine and its accessories weighed , making it 40% lighter than a

rotary engine The rotary engine is an early type of internal combustion engine, usually designed with an odd number of cylinders per row in a radial configuration. The engine's crankshaft remained stationary in operation, while the entire crankcase and i ...

of equivalent power. This empty weight does not include the radiator and coolant fluid. Generally, air-cooled engines are lighter than their equivalent horsepower water-cooled counterparts. For example, the

Bentley BR.2 The Bentley B.R.2 was a nine-cylinder British rotary aircraft engine developed during the First World War by the motor car engine designer W. O. Bentley from his earlier Bentley BR.1. Coming as it did near the end of the war, the BR.2 was buil ...

rotary put out and weighed ,

Clerget 9B The Clerget 9B was a nine-cylinder rotary aircraft engine of the World War I era designed by Pierre Clerget. Manufactured in both France and Great Britain (Gwynnes Limited), it was used on such aircraft as the Sopwith Camel. The Clerget 9Bf was ...

rotary , . The new engine was presented to the French Ministry of War in February 1915, and tested for 15 hours at full power. This was standard procedure for a new engine design to be admitted into military service. However, because of lobbying by French engine manufacturers, the Spanish-made engine was ordered to undergo a bench test that no French-made engine had yet passed: a 50-hour run at full speed. The HS-31 was therefore sent back to

Chalais-Meudon Chalais-Meudon is an aeronautical research and development centre in Meudon, to the south-west of Paris. It was originally founded in 1793 in the nearby Château de Meudon and has played an important role in the development of French aviation. B ...

on July 21, 1915, and tested for 50 hours, succeeding against all expectations. The design also promised far more development-potential than rotary engines. This was despite being the most common type, then in use, for most aircraft. Also, rotary engines were getting close to the limits of their development at this time. Rotary engines of increased power generally had increased weight, which in turn increased the already serious gyroscopic torque generated by the engine's rotation. A further increase in torque was considered unacceptable, and the power to weight ratio of the new rotary engines under development did not appeal to aircraft designers. French officials ordered production of the 8A to be started as soon as possible and issued a requirement for a new single-seat high-performance fighter aircraft using the new engine. The

Louis Béchereau Louis Béchereau (July 25, 1880 in Plou, Cher – March 18, 1970 in Paris) was a French aeronautical engineer and pioneer of French aviation. Biography After having attended the École nationale professionnelle in Vierzon, Béchereau went to t ...

-designed

SPAD VII The SPAD S.VII was the first of a series of highly successful biplane fighter aircraft produced by ''Société Pour L'Aviation et ses Dérivés'' (SPAD) during the First World War. Like its successors, the S.VII was renowned as a sturdy and r ...

was the result of this requirement and allowed the Allies to regain

air superiority Aerial supremacy (also air superiority) is the degree to which a side in a conflict holds control of air power over opposing forces. There are levels of control of the air in aerial warfare. Control of the air is the aerial equivalent of c ...

over the Germans.

Variants

''Some data from:'' British Piston Engines and their Aircraft ''Note:'' Hispano-Suiza company type numbers were prefixed by ''HS-'' or written in full as Hispano-Suiza Type 31, but military designations used the conventional system of Hispano-Suiza(engine manufacturer) 8(no of cylinders) A(engine series) b(variant) r(attribute), thus Hispano-Suiza 8Abr. ;8 (HS-31): , initial production and test engines, with few applications, including early

Nieuport 14 The Nieuport 14 (or Nieuport XIV A.2 in contemporary sources) was a military reconnaissance sesquiplane produced in France during the First World War. The French Army deployed it in 1916 but the type was quickly withdrawn from front-line servic ...

s. ;8Aa (HS-31) : at 2000 rpm, entered production in July 1915. Early HS-8A engines were plagued with various problems which required further work and was the standard powerplant for early-production SPAD VIIs and the Curtiss "Jenny" JN-4H variants. The demand for the Hispano-Suiza engine was such that other manufacturers began producing it under licence, in France, Great Britain (

Wolseley Adder The Wolseley Viper is a British-built, high-compression derivative of the Hispano Suiza HS-8 liquid-cooled V-8 engine, built under licence by Wolseley Motors during World War I. It powered later models of the S.E.5a, SPAD VII and other Brit ...

), Italy (Nagliati in Florence and

Itala Itala was a car manufacturer based in Turin, Italy, from 1904 to 1934, started by Matteo Ceirano and five partners in 1903. Ceirano family background The Ceirano brothers, Giovanni Battista, Giovanni, Ernesto and Matteo, were influential in the ...

SCAT (automobile) The SCAT (Società Ceirano Automobili Torino) was an Italian automobile manufacturer from Turin, founded in 1906 by Giovanni Battista Ceirano. The company was active from 1906 to 1932 and achieved Targa Florio wins in 1911, 1912 and 1914. The ...

in Turin) and Russia. Total production of the HS-8Aa amounted to some 6,000 engines. ;8Ab (HS-34) : at 2,100 rpm, increasing the

compression ratio The compression ratio is the ratio between the volume of the cylinder and combustion chamber in an internal combustion engine at their maximum and minimum values. A fundamental specification for such engines, it is measured two ways: the stati ...

from 4.7 to 5.3, Birkigt was able to increase the power output . The 8Ab began replacing the 8Aa on SPAD VIIs in early 1917. ;8Ac : ;8Ad :(1929) bore x stroke, for take-off. Hispano-Suiza 8BE

;8B (HS-35) : , compression ratio 5.3:1, geared at 0.75:1. The HS-36 was the 8B with a Lewis gun firing through the propeller boss. ;8B twin (HS-39):Coupled 8B engines ;8Ba : at 2,300 rpm, low compression ratio of 4.7:1, spur geared at 0.585:1. ;8Bb : , compression ratio of 4.8:1, reduction gear 0.75:1. However the reduction gear system was fragile, and often broke down, sometimes with spectacular results ending up with the entire propeller,

driveshaft A drive shaft, driveshaft, driving shaft, tailshaft (Australian English), propeller shaft (prop shaft), or Cardan shaft (after Girolamo Cardano) is a component for transmitting mechanical power and torque and rotation, usually used to connect ...

and driven gear parting company from the airframe. Progressive refinement of the engine brought the available power to by the end of 1917. The 8B, 8Ba and 8Bb were used (a) to power the earliest versions of the S.E.5a, (b) along with the 8Bd, the

SPAD S.XIII The SPAD S.XIII is a French biplane fighter aircraft of the First World War, developed by ''Société Pour L'Aviation et ses Dérivés'' (SPAD) from the earlier and highly successful SPAD S.VII. During early 1917, the French designer Louis Béc ...

, (c) front-line active versions of the

Sopwith Dolphin The Sopwith 5F.1 Dolphin was a British fighter aircraft manufactured by the Sopwith Aviation Company. It was used by the Royal Flying Corps and its successor, the Royal Air Force, during the World War I, First World War. The Dolphin entered se ...

, and (d) several other Allied aircraft types, with its gear reduction easily identifiable in vintage World War I photos, from its use of a clockwise (viewed from in front, otherwise known as a left hand tractor) rotation propeller. ;8Bc: , compression ratio of 5.3:1, reduction gear 0.75:1. ;8Bd: , compression ratio of 5.3:1, reduction gear 0.75:1. ::8Bda ;8Be: , compression ratio of 5.3:1, reduction gear 0.75:1. ;8BeC (HS-38): The 8Be fitted with the

SAMC Model 37 cannon SAMC (South American Music Conference) is an electronic dance music festival held annually in Buenos Aires since 2004 in music, 2004, carried out in the estate of Costa Salguero Center. It is one of the most important music festivals of South Ame ...

, or a similar weapon, firing through the propeller boss. A reduction gear equipped power-plant with a resultant clockwise rotation propeller like the 8B, produced at 2,100 rpm. Two known weapons fitted were the SAMC with a rifled barrel and a smooth-bore cannon firing canister ammunition. The moteur-canon could fire a single shot at a time through the hollow drive shaft without propeller interference. This cannon mount required an "elevated"

intake manifold In automotive engineering, an inlet manifold or intake manifold (in American English) is the part of an engine that supplies the fuel/air mixture to the cylinders. The word ''manifold'' comes from the Old English word ''manigfeald'' (from the ...

design, bringing the intake "runners" straight off the inner surfaces of the cylinder banks to the

updraft carburetor An updraft carburetor is a type of carburetor (a component of engines that mixes air and fuel together) in which the air enters at the bottom and exits at the top to go to the engine. An updraft carburetor was the first type of carburetor in commo ...

plenum chamber A plenum chamber is a pressurised housing containing a fluid (typically air) at positive pressure. One of its functions is to equalise pressure for more even distribution, compensating for irregular supply or demand. It is typically relatively la ...

. The engine was used on the

SPAD S.XII The SPAD S.XII or SPAD 12 was a French single-seat biplane fighter aircraft of the First World War developed from the successful SPAD VII by Louis Béchereau, chief designer of the Société Pour L'Aviation et ses Dérivés (SPAD). Development ...

. ;8Ca/220: Cannon-equipped at 2,100 rpm with 5.3:1 compression. Given the company designation HS Type 38 ;8Cb/180: Cannon-equipped at 2,000 rpm with 4.7:1 compression. Given the company designation HS Type 44 ;8Cc/220: Cannon-equipped at 2,100 rpm with 5.3:1 compression. Given the company designation HS Type 44 Hispano Suiza 8Ca

;Hispano-Suiza Type 40: (8E ?) ;Hispano-Suiza Type 41: (8A ?) ;8F (HS-42) : at 2,100 rpm (eq. 750 lb·ft torque). The direct drive 8F was basically a bored out version of the 8B, intended for use in bombers, with a displacement of . Despite the increased weight of , the 8F was also installed in fighters such as the

Nieuport-Delage NiD 29 The Nieuport-Delage NiD.29 was a French single-seat biplane fighter (C.I category) designed and built by Nieuport-Delage for the French Air Force. Design and development The prototype NiD.29 was an equal-span biplane with ailerons on both u ...

and

Martinsyde Buzzard The Martinsyde F.4 Buzzard was developed as a powerful and fast biplane fighter for the Royal Air Force (RAF), but the end of the First World War led to the abandonment of large-scale production. Fewer than 400 were eventually produced, with man ...

, and would have powered the never-produced Mk.II version of the

. Engine speed being lower than that of the HS-8B, the reduction gear was deleted, thereby increasing engine reliability. ;8Fa :generally similar to the 8F. ;8Fb : , aka HS Type 42, compression ratio of 5.3:1, direct drive. ;8Fd Special :For the CAMS 38

Schneider Trophy The Coupe d'Aviation Maritime Jacques Schneider, also known as the Schneider Trophy, Schneider Prize or (incorrectly) the Schneider Cup is a trophy that was awarded annually (and later, biennially) to the winner of a race for seaplanes and flying ...

racer developing ;8Fe (HS-42VS) :(1926) bore x stroke, for take-off. ;

Wolseley W.4A Python I The Wolseley Viper is a British-built, high-compression derivative of the Hispano Suiza HS-8 liquid-cooled V-8 engine, built under licence by Wolseley Motors during World War I. It powered later models of the S.E.5a, SPAD VII and other Brit ...

: , compression ratio of 4.7:1. License production of the 8Aa at

Wolseley Motors Ltd. Wolseley may refer to: People *Sir Charles Wolseley, 2nd Baronet (c. 1630–1714), English politician *Sir Charles Wolseley, 7th Baronet (1769–1846), English landowner and political agitator *Frances Garnet Wolseley, 2nd Viscountess Wolseley (1 ...

; Wolseley W.4A Python II :, compression ratio of 5.3 :1. ;

Wolseley W.4A Viper The Wolseley Viper is a British-built, high-compression derivative of the Hispano Suiza HS-8 liquid-cooled V-8 engine, built under licence by Wolseley Motors during World War I. It powered later models of the S.E.5a, SPAD VII and other Briti ...

:, compression ratio of 5.3 :1. Wolseley's engineers removed problems with the crankshaft and increased the compression ratio to give more power, with some early engines having a compression ratio of 5.6:1. ; Wolseley W.4A Viper II : at 2,000 rpm. ;

Wolseley W.4B Adder I The Wolseley Viper is a British-built, high-compression derivative of the Hispano Suiza HS-8 liquid-cooled V-8 engine, built under licence by Wolseley Motors during World War I. It powered later models of the S.E.5a, SPAD VII and other Bri ...

:, compression ratio of 4.7 :1, reduction spur gear to 0.593:1. ;

Wolseley W.4B Adder II The Wolseley Viper is a British-built, high-compression derivative of the Hispano-Suiza 8, Hispano Suiza HS-8 liquid-cooled V8 engine, V-8 engine, built under licence by Wolseley Motors during World War I. It powered later models of the Royal ...

:, compression ratio of 4.7 :1, reduction spur gear to 0.593:1. With stronger crankshaft webs. ;

Wolseley W.4B Adder III The Wolseley Viper is a British-built, high-compression derivative of the Hispano Suiza HS-8 liquid-cooled V-8 engine, built under licence by Wolseley Motors during World War I. It powered later models of the S.E.5a, SPAD VII and other Brit ...

:, compression ratio of 4.7 :1, reduction spur gear to 0.593:1. With balanced crankshafts. ;Wright-Hisso A:Wright-Martin built Type 34/HS8Aa at 1,400 rpm and 4.72:1 compression. ;Wright-Hisso B: 4-cyl in-line water-cooled ;Wright-Hisso C: geared A ;Wright-Hisso D: geared A with cannon ;Wright-Hisso E: at 1,700 rpm and 5.33:1 compression(HC 'I') ;Wright-Hisso E-2: (HC 'E') ;Wright-Hisso F: ('D' without cannon) ;Wright-Hisso H: , based on the Type 42/HS8F ;Wright-Hisso H-2: improved 'H' ;Wright-Hisso I: ;Wright-Hisso K: H with 37mm Baldwin cannon ;Wright-Hisso K-2: ;Wright-Hisso M: experimental 300 hp ;Wright-Hisso T: ;Wright-Hisso 180 hp V-8: direct drive ;Wright-Hisso 220 hp V-8: geared drive ;Wright-Hisso 300 hp V-8: geared drive ;M-6: A

Soviet Union The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen national ...

produced copy of the 8Fb ;Wright-Hisso V-720

Applications

Austin-Ball A.F.B.1 The Austin-Ball A.F.B.1 (Austin Fighting Biplane) was a British fighter plane of the First World War, built by the Austin Motor Company with design input from Britain's leading fighter ace at the time, Albert Ball. Although trials with the pro ...

(single prototype) *

Avia BH-21 The Avia BH-21, first flown in 1925, was a robust biplane that served an important role in securing Czechoslovak national security during the period between World War I and World War II. As well as being a competent fighter, it was also an acco ...

(from 1925) *

Avia BH-22 __NOTOC__ The Avia BH-22 was a trainer aircraft built in Czechoslovakia in 1925, based on the Avia BH-21, BH-21 Fighter aircraft, fighter. A smaller engine was used and armament removed. The lighter engine required the wing stagger to be decreased ...

Bartel BM-5 The Bartel BM 5, initially known as M.5 was a Polish biplane advanced trainer used from 1930 to 1939 by the Polish Air Force, manufactured in the Samolot factory in Poznań. Design and development The aircraft was designed by Ryszard Bartel in ...

Bernard SIMB AB 10 The Bernard SIMB AB 10 was a French single-engine, single-seat, highly streamlined, cantilever, all-metal low-wing monoplane of advanced design. It first flew in 1924 but was not ordered into production. Design and development The Bernard SIMB ...

Blanchard Brd.1 __NOTOC__ The Blanchard Brd.1 was a French reconnaissance flying boat, to the 1923 STAé HB.3 specification, used by the French navy in the 1920s. It was a large biplane with two engines mounted in the gap between the wings, each engine driving ...

Caudron R.11 The Caudron R.11 (or R.XI in contemporary usage), was a French three-seat twin-engine long range escort fighter biplane developed and produced by Caudron during the First World War. Development The R.XI was intended to fulfill a French Corps d' ...

(8Bba) *

Caudron C.59 The Caudron C.59 was a French, two-seat biplane with a single engine and a canvas-covered fuselage, produced between 1922 and 1924. Suitable for a variety of roles, more than 1,800 Caudron C.59s were manufactured. Operational history The Caudron ...

Caudron C.61 The Caudron C.61 was a French three-engined civil transport biplane aircraft built by the French aeroplane manufacturer Caudron. It was constructed of wood and covered in fabric. Development The prototype C.61 (F-ESAE) had a freight hold and c ...

(8Ac) *

Curtiss JN-4 The Curtiss JN "Jenny" was a series of biplanes built by the Curtiss Aeroplane Company of Hammondsport, New York, later the Curtiss Aeroplane and Motor Company. Although the Curtiss JN series was originally produced as a training aircraft for th ...

H ''Jenny'' (rare subvariant) *

De Bruyère C 1 The de Bruyère C 1 was a prototype French single seat pusher canard Fighter of unusual design produced during World War I. The sole example built crashed on its first flight, and development terminated. Design and development Developed ...

Descamps 27 The Descamps 27 C1 was a single seat biplane fighter aircraft, built in France in 1919. It was unusual in having a forward swept lower wing. After competitive trials, the Nieuport 29 was chosen for production, so only one Descamps was built. Des ...

(8Fb) *

Dewoitine D.1 The Dewoitine D.1 was a French single-seat fighter aircraft of the 1920s, built by the French industrial company Dewoitine. Development The D.1 was the first airplane designed by Emile Dewoitine after he established his own company. The D.1 was ...

(8Fb) *

Farman F.121 Jabiru The Farman F.120 and its derivatives were a family of multi-engine airliners and bombers of the 1920s built by the Farman Aviation Works in France. Design and development The Jabiru, which was named after a Latin American stork, was a fixed- ...

(8Ac) *

FBA Type H The FBA Type H was a French reconnaissance flying boat produced in large numbers in France and Italy during World War I by Franco-British Aviation. Design and development A development of the FBA Type A, the Type H shared the same basic pushe ...

(8Aa) *

Felixstowe F.1 The Felixstowe F.1 was a British experimental flying boat designed and developed by Lieutenant Commander John Cyril Porte RN at the naval air station, Felixstowe based on the Curtiss H-4 with a new hull. Its design led to a range of successful ...

Fokker D.IX The Fokker D.IX was a Dutch single seat, single engine fighter aircraft, the final, more powerful evolution of the Fokker D.VII World War I success, flown in 1921. The sole example was purchased by the US Army Air Service but not developed furthe ...

Fokker D.X Fokker D.X (or D.10) was a Dutch fighter aircraft designed after World War I. The chief designer at Fokker, Reinhold Platz, designed the Fokker D.VIII fighter in 1918. It was a parasol monoplane with cantilever wings, which was an uncommon featu ...

(8Fb) *

Fokker D.XII The Fokker D.XII was a Dutch single seat, single engine fighter aircraft designed to an United States, American specification which called for the use of a Curtiss D-12 engine, designated PW-7. Despite considerable efforts to improve the airframe ...

(8F) initial design only *

Fokker S.III The Fokker S.III was a biplane trainer aircraft of the 1920s. It was of conventional configuration, seating the pilot and instructor in tandem, open cockpits. The single-baywings were staggered and of unequal span. In 1927, Fokker's US subsi ...

Gourdou-Leseurre GL.21 The Gourdou-Leseurre GL.2 (originally, the Gourdou-Leseurre Type B) was a French fighter aircraft which made its maiden flight in 1918. Design and development The GL.2 was a development of the Gourdou-Leseurre Type A which had shown pleasing per ...

Hanriot HD.5 The Hanriot HD.5 was a French two-seat fighter aircraft prototype, built towards the end of World War I. A single-engine biplane with an unusually narrow gap between the upper and lower wings, it did not enter production. Design and developmen ...

* Hanriot HD.15 * Hanriot HD.20 * Itoh Emi 29 *

Letord Let.1 The Letord Let.5 was probably the most numerous of a family of 3-seat reconnaissance bombers, designed and built in France from 1916, originally to an A3 (reconnaissance aircraft 3-seat) specification from the STAé (''Service Technique d'Aér ...

(8A) * Letord Let.2 & Let.3 (8Ba) *

Letov Š-7 The Letov Š-7 was a single-seat, single-engine biplane fighter aircraft designed and built in Czechoslovakia in the early 1920s. It was designed for a single-seat fighter competition but did not reach production. Design and development The Let ...

(8Fb) *

Letov Š-13 The Letov Š-13 was a single-seat, single-engine fighter aircraft designed and built in Czechoslovakia in the early 1920s. A biplane, it had aerodynamically thick wings which were originally cantilever structures, though interplane struts were la ...

(8Fb) *

Letov Š-14 The Letov Š-14 was a single-seat, single-engine aircraft, designed and built in Czechoslovakia in the early 1920s. Originally intended as a biplane fighter, it was later modified into a monoplane and entered as a contestant in a speed competiti ...

(8Fb) *

Levasseur PL.1 Pierre Levasseur's first aircraft, the Levasseur PL.1, was a three seat tourer (French category T.O.3) with a novel, simplified structure. One of only two Levasseur powered civil designs, the sole example was completed in 1922. Design and devel ...

(8Ab) *

Martinsyde F.4 Buzzard The Martinsyde F.4 Buzzard was developed as a powerful and fast biplane fighter for the Royal Air Force (RAF), but the end of the First World War led to the abandonment of large-scale production. Fewer than 400 were eventually produced, with man ...

(8Fb) *

(8A) *

(8Fb) *

Nieuport-Delage NiD 38 __NOTOC__ The Nieuport-Delage NiD 38 was a touring aircraft built in small numbers in France in the early 1920s.Taylor 1989, 698''The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Aircraft'', 2600 It was a single-bay biplane of conventional design with an enclosed ...

(8Ab) *

Nieuport-Delage Sesquiplan The Nieuport-Delage Sesquiplans were a series of 1920s French racing monoplanes built by Nieuport-Delage. It established a world air speed record in 1923. Development The Sesquiplane first appeared in 1921, a development of the Nieuport 31 fi ...

(8Fb) *

Royal Aircraft Factory S.E.5 The Royal Aircraft Factory S.E.5 is a British biplane fighter aircraft of the First World War. It was developed at the Royal Aircraft Factory by a team consisting of Henry Folland, John Kenworthy and Major Frank Goodden. It was one of the fast ...

(8Aa) and S.E.5a (8B, 8Ba or 8Bb on earliest versions and the

Wolseley Viper The Wolseley Viper is a British-built, high-compression derivative of the Hispano Suiza HS-8 liquid-cooled V-8 engine, built under licence by Wolseley Motors during World War I. It powered later models of the S.E.5a, SPAD VII and other Brit ...

derivative on later models) *

(8B) *

Sopwith B.1 The Sopwith B.1 was an experimental British bomber aircraft of the First World War. A single-seat, single-engined biplane, the B.1 was built by the Sopwith Aviation Company for the Royal Navy. Although only two were built, one was used for bom ...

prototypes (8Ba) *

SPAD S.VII The SPAD S.VII was the first of a series of highly successful biplane fighter aircraft produced by ''Société Pour L'Aviation et ses Dérivés'' (SPAD) during the First World War. Like its successors, the S.VII was renowned as a sturdy and rug ...

(8A) *

SPAD S.XI The SPAD S.XI or SPAD 11 was a French two-seat biplane reconnaissance aircraft of the First World War. The SPAD 11 was the work of Louis Béchereau, chief designer of the Société Pour L'Aviation et ses Dérivés (SPAD), who also designed the high ...

(8Be) *

(8Cb) *

(8Be) *

Standard J The Standard J is a two-seat basic trainer two-bay biplane produced in the United States from 1916 to 1918, powered by a four-cylinder inline Hall-Scott A-7a engine. It was constructed from wood with wire bracing and fabric covering. The J-1 ...

-1 (post-war modification) * Waco DSO (8a) *

Wibault 1 The Wibault Wib 1, Wib C1 or, later, Wib 1 C1 was a French World War I single seat, single engine fighter aircraft prototype. Flown near the end of the war, it was not selected for production. Design and development The Wib 1 was an aerodynami ...

(single prototype)

Wright-Hispano E

* Boeing NB-2 * AT-3 *

Consolidated PT-1 The Consolidated PT-1 Trusty (company designation Model 1) was a biplane primary trainer used by the United States Army Air Service (USAAS). Design and development In 1921, Colonel Virginius Clark, chief designer of the Dayton-Wright Company ...

Cox-Klemin TW-2 __NOTOC__ The Cox-Klemin TW-2 was a 1920s American biplane training aircraft built by the Cox-Klemin Aircraft Corporation. It was powered by a water-cooled Hispano-Suiza 8 V8 aero-engine. Development The CK-2 was a biplane with single-bay bipl ...

* Curtiss AT-4 *

Dayton-Wright TW-3 The Consolidated PT-1 Trusty (company designation Model 1) was a biplane primary trainer used by the United States Army Air Service (USAAS). Design and development In 1921, Colonel Virginius Clark, chief designer of the Dayton-Wright Compan ...

Huff-Daland TW-5 The Huff-Daland Type XV Training Water-Cooled TW-5 was a biplane trainer designed by the Huff-Daland Aero Corporation in the early 1920s for the United States Army Air Service. Design and development It was a development of the TA-6 (which itsel ...

Loening M-8 The Loening M-8 was a 1910s American fighter monoplane designed by Grover Loening and built by his Loening Aeronautical Engineering Company. An order of 5000 for the United States Army Air Corps was canceled when the First World War ended. Deve ...

* Naval Aircraft Factory TS-3 *

Travel Air 3000 The Travel Air 2000/3000/4000 (originally, the Model A, Model B and Model BH were open-cockpit biplane aircraft produced in the United States in the late 1920s by the Travel Air Manufacturing Company. During the period from 1924–1929, Tra ...

Vought VE-7 The Vought VE-7 "Bluebird" was an early biplane of the United States. First flying in 1917, it was designed as a two-seat trainer for the United States Army, then adopted by the United States Navy as its first fighter aircraft. In 1922, a VE-7 be ...

* Waco DSO

Mitsubishi "Hi"shiki

;200 HP (8B) *

Yokosuka Ro-go Ko-gata The Yokosuka Ro-go Ko-gata (YokoSho-shiki Ro-go Ko-gata) was a Japanese reconnaissance floatplane developed during the First World War by the Japanese Navy Arsenal at Yokosuka, and one of the first indigenous Japanese aircraft to enter production ...

* Hanza-shiki suijō teisatsuki (ハンザ式水上偵察機, Type Hansa Surveillance Floatplane) ;300 HP (8F) *

Mitsubishi 1MF The Mitsubishi 1MF was a Japanese carrier fighter aircraft of the 1920s. Designed for the Mitsubishi Aircraft Company by the British aircraft designer Herbert Smith, the 1MF, also known as the Navy Type 10 Carrier Fighter was operated by the ...

Mitsubishi 2MR The Mitsubishi 2MR was a Japanese carrier-based reconnaissance aircraft of the 1920s, also known as the Navy Type 10 Carrier Reconnaissance Aircraft or the C1M in the Navy's short designation scheme.Aerospace Museum of California The Aerospace Museum of California is a private non-profit aviation museum located in North Highlands, California, outside of Sacramento, California, on the grounds of the former McClellan Air Force Base. The museum has a 4.5-acre outdoor Air Park ...

. * A Wright-Hisso 8A is on public display at the

National Museum of the U.S. Air Force The National Museum of the United States Air Force (formerly the United States Air Force Museum) is the official museum of the United States Air Force located at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, northeast of Dayton, Ohio. The NMUSAF is the ...

Specifications (Hispano-Suiza 8a)

References

* Janes Fighting Aircraft of World War I by Michael John Haddrick Taylor (Random House Group Ltd. 20 Vauxhall Bridge Road, London SW1V 2SA, 2001, ), page 289 *

Bibliography

* "Los motores V8 de aviación de La Hispano Suiza (1914-1918)" by Jacinto García Barbero (Edited by Asociación de Amigos del Museo Del Aire, Museo de Aeronáutica y Astronáutica, CECAF. Depósito legal: M-41737-2005) 219 pages.

External links

Old Rhinebeck Aerodrome's Hispano-Suiza V8 powered Curtiss JN-4H Jenny

*Hispano-Suiza 8Aa at Museo de Aeronáutica y Astronáutic

{{Hispano-Suiza aeroengines 1910s aircraft piston engines Hispano-Suiza aircraft engines

Design and development

Origins

Variants

Applications

Wright-Hispano E

Mitsubishi "Hi"shiki

Specifications (Hispano-Suiza 8a)

See also

References

Bibliography

External links