The class Mammalia (

mammal Mammals () are a group of vertebrate animals constituting the class Mammalia (), characterized by the presence of mammary glands which in females produce milk for feeding (nursing) their young, a neocortex (a region of the brain), fur or ...

s) is divided into two subclasses based on

reproductive The reproductive system of an organism, also known as the genital system, is the biological system made up of all the anatomical organs involved in sexual reproduction. Many non-living substances such as fluids, hormones, and pheromones are als ...

techniques:

monotreme Monotremes () are prototherian mammals of the order Monotremata. They are one of the three groups of living mammals, along with placentals (Eutheria), and marsupials (Metatheria). Monotremes are typified by structural differences in their brain ...

s, which lay eggs, and

theria Theria (; Greek: , wild beast) is a subclass of mammals amongst the Theriiformes. Theria includes the eutherians (including the placental mammals) and the metatherians (including the marsupials) but excludes the egg-laying monotremes. Ch ...

ns, mammals which give live birth, which has two infraclasses:

marsupials Marsupials are any members of the mammalian infraclass Marsupialia. All extant marsupials are endemic to Australasia, Wallacea and the Americas. A distinctive characteristic common to most of these species is that the young are carried in a po ...

( pouched mammals) and placental mammals. See List of monotremes and marsupials, and for the

clade A clade (), also known as a monophyletic group or natural group, is a group of organisms that are monophyletic – that is, composed of a common ancestor and all its lineal descendants – on a phylogenetic tree. Rather than the English term, ...

s and families, see Mammal classification. Classification updated from Wilson and Reeder's '' Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference'' using the '' Planet' Mammifères'' website.

Magnorder Atlantogenata

Superorder Afrotheria

Clade
Afroinsectiphilia The Afroinsectiphilia (African insectivores) is a clade that has been proposed based on the results of recent molecular phylogenetic studies. Many of the taxa within it were once regarded as part of the order Insectivora, but Insectivora is now ...

=Order Tubulidentata ( aardvarks)

* Family

Orycteropodidae Orycteropodidae is a family of afrotherian mammals. Although there are many fossil species, the only species surviving today is the aardvark, ''Orycteropus afer''. Orycteropodidae is recognized as the only family within the order Tubulidentata ...

**Genus '' Orycteropus'' *** Aardvark, ''Orycteropus afer''

=Clade hameleoni

Order Macroscelidea ( elephant shrews)

* Family Macroscelididae ** Genus ''

Elephantulus ''Elephantulus'' is a genus of elephant shrew in the family Macroscelididae. It contains the following species: * Short-snouted elephant shrew (''E. brachyrhynchus'') * Cape elephant shrew (''E. edwardii'') * Dusky-footed elephant shrew (''E. ...

'' ***

Short-snouted elephant shrew The short-snouted elephant shrew or short-snouted sengi (''Elephantulus brachyrhynchus'') is a species of elephant shrew in the family Macroscelididae. It is found over a wide area of Africa. Its natural habitats are dry savanna and subtropical o ...

, ''Elephantulus brachyrhynchus'' ***

Cape elephant shrew The Cape elephant shrew (''Elephantulus edwardii''), also known as the Cape rock elephant-shrew,Petra Wester"Sticky snack for sengis: The Cape rock elephant-shrew, ''Elephantulus edwardii'' (Macroscelidea), as a pollinator of the Pagoda lily, ''W ...

, ''Elephantulus edwardii'' ***

Dusky-footed elephant shrew The dusky-footed elephant shrew or dusky-footed sengi (''Elephantulus fuscipes'') is a species of elephant shrew in the family Macroscelididae. It is found in Democratic Republic of the Congo, South Sudan, and Uganda. Its natural habitat is subtr ...

, ''Elephantulus fuscipes'' ***

Dusky elephant shrew The dusky elephant shrew or dusky sengi (''Elephantulus fuscus'') is a species of elephant shrew in the family Macroscelididae. It is found in Malawi, Mozambique, and Zambia. Its natural habitat is dry savanna A savanna or savannah is a mix ...

, ''Elephantulus fuscus'' ***

Bushveld elephant shrew The bushveld elephant shrew or bushveld sengi (''Elephantulus intufi'') is a species of elephant shrew in the family Macroscelididae. It is found in Angola, Botswana, Namibia, and South Africa. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry ...

, ''Elephantulus intufi'' *** Eastern rock elephant shrew, ''Elephantulus myurus'' ***

Karoo rock elephant shrew The Karoo rock elephant shrew or Karoo rock sengi (''Elephantulus pilicaudus'') is an elephant shrew in the genus ''Elephantulus''. It is found in Northern Cape Province and Western Cape Province The Western Cape is a province of South Afri ...

, ''Elephantulus pilicaudus'' ***

Somali elephant shrew The Somali elephant shrew or Somali sengi (''Galegeeska revoilii'') is a species of elephant shrew in the family Macroscelididae. Habitat Its natural habitat is arid and semiarid desert with rocky substrates and sparse shrubs. In some parts of ...

, ''Elephantulus revoili'' ***

North African elephant shrew The North African elephant shrew (''Petrosaltator rozeti'') or North African sengi is a species of elephant shrew in the family Macroscelididae. It is found in Algeria, Libya, Morocco, and Tunisia, and (since the extinction of the North African e ...

, ''Elephantulus rozeti'' ***

Rufous elephant shrew The rufous elephant shrew, rufous sengi or East African long-eared elephant-shrew (''Galegeeska rufescens'') is a species of elephant shrew in the family Macroscelididae. Found in Ethiopia, Kenya, Somalia, South Sudan, Tanzania and Uganda, its na ...

, ''Elephantulus rufescens'' ***

Western rock elephant shrew The western rock elephant shrew or western rock sengi (''Elephantulus rupestris'') is a species of elephant shrew in the family Macroscelididae. It is found in Namibia, South Africa, and possibly Angola and Botswana. Its natural habitats are subt ...

, ''Elephantulus rupestris'' ** Genus ''

Macroscelides ''Macroscelides'' is a genus of small shrew-like animals, the round-eared sengis (also called elephant shrews), found in western Namibia and in South Africa; they are members of the clade Afrotheria Afrotheria ( from Latin ''Afro-'' "of Afric ...

'' *** Namib round-eared sengi, '' Macroscelides flavicaudatus'' *** Etendaka round-eared sengi, '' Macroscelides micus'' *** Round-eared elephant shrew, ''

Macroscelides proboscideus The round-eared elephant shrew (''Macroscelides proboscideus'') or round-eared sengi (called the Karoo round-eared elephant shrew to distinguish it from its sister species; formerly misleadingly named the "short-eared elephant shrew"), is a spe ...

'' ** Genus '' Petrodromus'' ***

Four-toed elephant shrew The four-toed elephant shrew or four-toed sengi (''Petrodromus tetradactylus'') is the only living species in the genus ''Petrodromus'', which together with five other extant genera ''Rhynchocyon'', '' Macroscelides'', '' Petrosaltator'', '' Gale ...

, ''Petrodromus tetradactylus'' ** Genus ''

Rhynchocyon ''Rhynchocyon'' is a genus of elephant shrew (or sengi) in the family Macroscelididae. Members of this genus are known colloquially as the checkered elephant shrews or giant sengis. It contains the following five species: *Golden-rumped elephant ...

'' ***

Golden-rumped elephant shrew The golden-rumped elephant shrew (''Rhynchocyon chrysopygus'') is a small African mammal. It is the largest species of the elephant shrew family along with its close relative the grey-faced sengi. It is classified as endangered. Taxonomy and d ...

, ''Rhynchocyon chrysopygus'' ***

Checkered elephant shrew The checkered elephant shrew or checkered sengi (''Rhynchocyon cirnei'') is a species of elephant shrew in the family Macroscelididae. Description Checked elephant shrews will grow to be around long, excluding their tail, making them one of ...

, ''Rhynchocyon cirnei'' ***

Black and rufous elephant shrew The black and rufous elephant shrew (''Rhynchocyon petersi''), the black and rufous sengi, or the Zanj elephant shrew is one of the 17 species of elephant shrew found only in Africa. It is native to the lowland montane and dense forests of Kenya ...

, ''Rhynchocyon petersi'' ***

Grey-faced sengi The grey-faced sengi (''Rhynchocyon udzungwensis'') is a species of elephant shrew that is endemic to the Udzungwa Mountains of south-central Tanzania. The discovery of the species was announced in January 2008; only 15 species of elephant shr ...

, ''R. udzungwensis''

Order

Afrosoricida The order Afrosoricida (a Latin-Greek compound name which means "looking like African shrews") contains the golden moles of Southern Africa, the otter shrews of equatorial Africa and the tenrecs of Madagascar. These three families of small mamma ...

(

tenrec A tenrec is any species of mammal within the afrotherian family Tenrecidae endemic to Madagascar. Tenrecs are wildly diverse; as a result of convergent evolution some resemble hedgehogs, shrews, opossums, rats, and mice. They occupy aquatic, a ...

s and golden moles)

* Family Tenrecidae (

s) ** Subfamily Geogalinae *** Genus ''

Geogale The large-eared tenrec (''Geogale aurita'') is a species of mammal in the family Tenrecidae. It is the only species in the monotypic genus ''Geogale'', and the only member of the subfamily Geogalinae. It is endemic to Madagascar where its natura ...

'' ****

Large-eared tenrec The large-eared tenrec (''Geogale aurita'') is a species of mammal in the family Tenrecidae. It is the only species in the monotypic genus ''Geogale'', and the only member of the subfamily Geogalinae. It is endemic to Madagascar where its natur ...

, ''Geogale aurita'' ** Subfamily

Oryzorictinae Oryzorictinae is a subfamily of tenrecs endemic to the island of Madagascar. It is the largest of three tenrec subfamilies. Oryzorictinae is thought to have split from the lineage of its closest relative, ''Geogale'', about 30 million years ( Ma) ...

*** Genus '' Limnogale'' ****

Web-footed tenrec The web-footed tenrec, Malagasy otter shrew, or aquatic tenrec (''Microgale mergulus'') is the only known semiaquatic tenrec (the related African otter shrews have similar habits), and is found in eastern Madagascar, especially in and around Rano ...

, ''Limnogale mergulus'' *** Genus ''

Microgale ''Microgale'' is a genus of mammal in the family Tenrecidae. There are 21 living species on the island of Madagascar and one extinct species known from a fossil. Some species have been discovered in the last twenty years. On the basis of molecu ...

'' **** Short-tailed shrew tenrec, ''Microgale brevicaudata'' ****

Cowan's shrew tenrec Cowan's shrew tenrec (''Microgale cowani'') is a species of mammal in the family Tenrecidae. Description Cowan's shrew tenrecs weigh an average just over , and have an average length of slightly over . Most specimens are mostly brown, ofte ...

, ''Microgale cowani'' ****

Dobson's shrew tenrec Dobson's shrew tenrec (''Nesogale dobsoni'') is a species of mammal in the family Tenrecidae. It is endemic to Madagascar. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist forests, plantations, and heavily degraded former forest. On the ba ...

, ''Microgale dobsoni'' ****

Drouhard's shrew tenrec Drouhard's shrew tenrec (''Microgale drouhardi''), also known as the striped shrew tenrec, is a species of mammal in the family Tenrecidae. It is endemic to Madagascar. Its natural habitats are subtropical and tropical subtropical or tropical mo ...

, ''Microgale drouhardi'' ****

Dryad shrew tenrec The dryad shrew tenrec (''Microgale dryas''), also known as the tree shrew tenrec, is a species of mammal in the family Tenrecidae. It is endemic to Madagascar Madagascar (; mg, Madagasikara, ), officially the Republic of Madagascar ( m ...

, ''Microgale dryas'' ****

Pale shrew tenrec The pale shrew tenrec (''Microgale fotsifotsy''), also known as the pale-footed shrew tenrec is a species of mammal in the family Tenrecidae. It is endemic to Madagascar. Its natural habitats are subtropical and tropical moist lowland and monta ...

, ''Microgale fotsifotsy'' **** Gracile shrew tenrec, ''Microgale gracilis'' **** Naked-nosed shrew tenrec, ''Microgale gymnorhyncha'' **** Jenkins' shrew tenrec, ''Microgale jenkinsae'' ****

Northern shrew tenrec The northern shrew tenrec (''Microgale jobihely'') is a species of mammal in the family Tenrecidae. It is endemic to Madagascar, where it has a restricted disjoint range in two locations 485 km apart in the north and east of the island. In ...

, ''Microgale jobihely'' **** Lesser long-tailed shrew tenrec, ''Microgale longicaudata'' ****

Major's long-tailed tenrec Major's long-tailed tenrec (''Microgale majori'') is a species of mammal in the family Tenrecidae. It is endemic to Madagascar. Its natural habitat is the eastern humid forest of the island, as well as some western forests, where it has been see ...

, ''Microgale majori'' **** Montane shrew tenrec, ''Microgale monticola'' ****

Nasolo's shrew tenrec Nasolo's shrew tenrec (''Microgale nasoloi'') is a species of mammal in the family Tenrecidae. It is endemic to Madagascar. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist montane Montane ecosystems are found on the slopes of mountai ...

, ''Microgale nasoloi'' ****

Pygmy shrew tenrec The pygmy shrew tenrec (''Microgale parvula'') is a species of placental mammal in the family Tenrecidae. It is endemic to Madagascar. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist forests. While it is not endangered, its population is sl ...

, ''Microgale parvula'' ****

Greater long-tailed shrew tenrec The greater long-tailed shrew tenrec (''Microgale principula'') is a species of mammal in the family Tenrecidae. It is endemic to Madagascar, where its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist forests. Distribution and habitat The gre ...

, ''Microgale principula'' ****

Least shrew tenrec The least shrew tenrec (''Microgale pusilla'') is a species of mammal in the family Tenrecidae. It is endemic to Madagascar Madagascar (; mg, Madagasikara, ), officially the Republic of Madagascar ( mg, Repoblikan'i Madagasikara, links= ...

, ''Microgale pusilla'' ****

Shrew-toothed shrew tenrec The shrew-toothed shrew tenrec (''Microgale soricoides'') is a species of mammal in the family Tenrecidae. It is endemic to Madagascar Madagascar (; mg, Madagasikara, ), officially the Republic of Madagascar ( mg, Repoblikan'i Madagasi ...

, ''Microgale soricoides'' ****

Taiva shrew tenrec The taiva shrew tenrec (''Microgale taiva'') is a species of mammal in the family Tenrecidae. It is endemic to Madagascar Madagascar (; mg, Madagasikara, ), officially the Republic of Madagascar ( mg, Repoblikan'i Madagasikara, links=no ...

, ''Microgale taiva'' ****

Talazac's shrew tenrec Talazac's shrew tenrec (''Nesogale talazaci'') is a species of mammal in the family Tenrecidae. It is endemic to Madagascar. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist forests. On the basis of molecular data indicating that it and D ...

, ''Microgale talazaci'' ****

Thomas's shrew tenrec Thomas's shrew tenrec (''Microgale thomasi'') is a species of mammal in the family Tenrecidae. It is endemic to Madagascar Madagascar (; mg, Madagasikara, ), officially the Republic of Madagascar ( mg, Repoblikan'i Madagasikara, links= ...

, ''Microgale thomasi'' *** Genus '' Oryzorictes'' **** Mole-like rice tenrec, ''Oryzorictes hova'' **** Four-toed rice tenrec, ''Oryzorictes tetradactylus'' ** Subfamily

Potamogalinae Potamogalidae is the family of "otter shrews", a group of semiaquatic riverine afrotherian mammals indigenous to sub-Saharan Africa Sub-Saharan Africa is, geographically, the area and regions of the continent of Africa that lies south of ...

*** Genus ''

Micropotamogale ''Micropotamogale'' is a genus of small, otter-like dwarf otter shrews native to riverine habitats of West African rainforests. They feed on aquatic animals and insects they can find and capture. They are afrotherian mammals most closely related ...

'' ****

Nimba otter shrew The Nimba otter shrew (''Micropotamogale lamottei'') is a dwarf otter shrew and belongs to the mammal family Potamogalidae. Otter shrews are shrew-like afrotherian mammals found in sub-Saharan Africa. They are most closely related to the tenrecs ...

, ''Micropotamogale lamottei'' ****

Ruwenzori otter shrew The Ruwenzori otter shrew (''Micropotamogale ruwenzorii'') is a species of semiaquatic dwarf otter shrew of the family Potamogalidae. It is found in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Rwanda, and Uganda. Otter shrews are shrew-like afrotheri ...

, ''Micropotamogale ruwenzorii'' *** Genus ''

Potamogale The giant otter shrew (''Potamogale velox'') is a semiaquatic, carnivorous afrotherian mammal. It is found in the main rainforest block of central Africa from Nigeria to Zambia, with a few isolated populations in Kenya and Uganda. It lives in str ...

'' **** Giant otter shrew, ''Potamogale velox'' ** Subfamily

Tenrecinae Tenrecinae is a tenrec subfamily endemic to the island of Madagascar. It contains the largest species in the family, ''Tenrec ecaudatus''. All members of the genus possess spines, analogous to those of hedgehogs, for defense against predators. ...

*** Genus ''

Echinops ''Echinops'' is a genus of about 120 species of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae, commonly known as globe thistles. They have spiny foliage and produce blue or white spherical flower heads. They are native to Europe, east to central As ...

'' **** Lesser hedgehog tenrec, ''Echinops telfairi'' *** Genus '' Hemicentetes'' ****

Highland streaked tenrec The highland streaked tenrec (''Hemicentetes nigriceps'') is an insectivore which lives in the central upland regions of Madagascar. Its black and white striped body is covered with quills, which it will raise when agitated. The spines detach and ...

, ''Hemicentetes nigriceps'' ****

Lowland streaked tenrec The lowland streaked tenrec (''Hemicentetes semispinosus'') is a small tenrec found in Madagascar. It belongs to the family Tenrecidae in the order Afrosoricida, and more specifically to the subfamily of the spiny tenrecs Tenrecinae. Its natural ...

, ''Hemicentetes semispinosus'' *** Genus ''

Setifer The greater hedgehog tenrec (''Setifer setosus''), also known as the large Madagascar hedgehog or sokina, is a species of mammal in the family Tenrecidae. It is endemic to Madagascar. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical forests, sh ...

'' ****

Greater hedgehog tenrec The greater hedgehog tenrec (''Setifer setosus''), also known as the large Madagascar hedgehog or sokina, is a species of mammal in the family Tenrecidae. It is endemic to Madagascar. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical forests, sh ...

, ''Setifer setosus'' *** Genus ''

Tenrec A tenrec is any species of mammal within the afrotherian family Tenrecidae endemic to Madagascar. Tenrecs are wildly diverse; as a result of convergent evolution some resemble hedgehogs, shrews, opossums, rats, and mice. They occupy aquatic, a ...

'' ****

Tailless tenrec The tailless tenrec (''Tenrec ecaudatus''), also known as the common tenrec, is a species of mammal in the family Tenrecidae. It is the only member of the genus ''Tenrec''. Native to Madagascar, it is also found in the Comoros, Mauritius, Réun ...

, ''Tenrec ecaudatus'' * Family Chrysochloridae ( golden moles) **Subfamily

Chrysochlorinae Golden moles are small insectivorous burrowing mammals endemic to Sub-Saharan Africa. They comprise the family Chrysochloridae and as such they are taxonomically distinct from the true moles, family Talpidae, and other mole-like families, all o ...

*** Genus ''

Carpitalpa Arends' golden mole (''Carpitalpa arendsi'') is a species of mammal in the family Chrysochloridae. It is found in Mozambique and Zimbabwe. Its natural habitats are temperate forests, subtropical or tropical dry, and moist montane forests, dry ...

'' ****

Arends' golden mole Arends' golden mole (''Carpitalpa arendsi'') is a species of mammal in the family Chrysochloridae. It is found in Mozambique and Zimbabwe. Its natural habitats are temperate forests, subtropical or tropical dry, and moist montane forests, dry ...

, ''Carpitalpa arendsi'' *** Genus ''

Chlorotalpa ''Chlorotalpa'' is a genus of mammal in the family Chrysochloridae. It contains the following species: * Duthie's golden mole (''Chlorotalpa duthieae'') * Sclater's golden mole Sclater's golden mole (''Chlorotalpa sclateri'') is a species of ...

'' ****

Duthie's golden mole Duthie's golden mole (''Chlorotalpa duthieae'') is a species of mammal in the family Chrysochloridae. It is endemic to South Africa. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, moist savanna, temperate grassland, arab ...

, ''Chlorotalpa duthieae'' ****

Sclater's golden mole Sclater's golden mole (''Chlorotalpa sclateri'') is a species of mammal in the family Chrysochloridae. It is found in Lesotho and South Africa. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry and high-altitude shrubland, Mediterranean-type s ...

, ''Chlorotalpa sclateri'' *** Genus ''

Chrysochloris ''Chrysochloris'' is a genus of mammal in the family Chrysochloridae. It contains the following species: * Subgenus ''Chrysochloris'' **Cape golden mole The Cape golden mole (''Chrysochloris asiatica'') is a small, insectivorous mammal of ...

'' ****

Cape golden mole The Cape golden mole (''Chrysochloris asiatica'') is a small, insectivorous mammal of the family Chrysochloridae, the golden mole Golden moles are small insectivorous burrowing mammals endemic to Sub-Saharan Africa. They comprise the family ...

, ''Chrysochloris asiatica'' ****

Visagie's golden mole Visagie's golden mole (''Chrysochloris visagiei'') is a small, insectivorous mammal of the family Chrysochloridae, the golden moles, endemic to South Africa South Africa, officially the Republic of South Africa (RSA), is the southernmost ...

, ''Chrysochloris visagiei'' ****

Stuhlmann's golden mole Stuhlmann's golden mole (''Chrysochloris stuhlmanni'') is a species of mammal in the family Chrysochloridae. It is found in Cameroon, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Kenya, Tanzania, and Uganda. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical ...

, ''Chrysochloris stuhlmanni'' *** Genus ''

Chrysospalax ''Chrysospalax'' is a small genus of mammal in the family Chrysochloridae. The two members are endemic to South Africa South Africa, officially the Republic of South Africa (RSA), is the southernmost country in Africa. It is bounded to th ...

'' ****

Giant golden mole The giant golden mole (''Chrysospalax trevelyani'') is a small mammal found in Africa. At in length, it is the largest of the golden mole species. The mole has dark, glossy brown fur; the name ''golden'' comes from the Greek word for green-gold, ...

, ''Chrysospalax trevelyani'' ****

Rough-haired golden mole The rough-haired golden mole (''Chrysospalax villosus'') is a species of mammal that live mostly below ground. They have shiny coats of dense fur and a streamlined, formless appearance. They have no visible eyes or ears; in fact, they are blin ...

, ''Chrysospalax villosus'' *** Genus ''

Cryptochloris ''Cryptochloris'' is a genus of golden mole Golden moles are small insectivorous burrowing mammals endemic to Sub-Saharan Africa. They comprise the family Chrysochloridae and as such they are taxonomically distinct from the true moles, fami ...

'' ****

De Winton's golden mole De Winton's golden mole (''Cryptochloris wintoni'') is a species of mammal in the family Chrysochloridae. It is endemic to South Africa. Its natural habitats are subtropical dry shrubland, Mediterranean-type shrubby vegetation, and sandy shores. I ...

, ''Cryptochloris wintoni'' ****

Van Zyl's golden mole Van Zyl's golden mole (''Cryptochloris zyli'') is a golden mole endemic to the Western Cape Province, South Africa. It is listed as an endangered species due to habitat loss. Golden moles are an ancient group of mammals who live mostly below grou ...

, ''Cryptochloris zyli'' *** Genus ''

Eremitalpa Grant's golden mole (''Eremitalpa granti''; colloquially also: ''dune shark'') is a golden mole species. It is the only member of the genus ''Eremitalpa''. Attributes Like all other golden moles, the build of these animals is similar to the mo ...

'' **** Grant's golden mole, ''Eremitalpa granti'' **Subfamily

Amblysominae Golden moles are small insectivorous burrowing mammals endemic to Sub-Saharan Africa. They comprise the family Chrysochloridae and as such they are taxonomically distinct from the true moles, family Talpidae, and other mole-like families, all ...

*** Genus ''

Amblysomus ''Amblysomus'' (also narrow-headed golden mole or South African golden mole) is a genus of the golden mole family, Chrysochloridae, comprising five species of the small, insect-eating, burrowing mammals endemic to Southern Africa. All five spec ...

'' ****

Fynbos golden mole The fynbos golden mole (''Amblysomus corriae'') is a species of mammal in the golden mole family, Chrysochloridae. It is endemic to South Africa. Its natural habitats are fynbos vegetation, temperate forests, shrubland, and grassland, subtropi ...

, ''Amblysomus corriae'' ****

Hottentot golden mole The Hottentot golden mole (''Amblysomus hottentotus'') is a species of mammal in the golden mole family, Chrysochloridae. It is found in South Africa, Eswatini, and possibly Lesotho. Its natural habitats are temperate forests, subtropical or ...

, ''Amblysomus hottentotus'' ****

Marley's golden mole Marley's golden mole (''Amblysomus marleyi'') is a species of burrowing mammal in the golden mole family, Chrysochloridae. It is found in South Africa and possibly Eswatini. It has been separated from ''Amblysomus hottentotus'' by Bronner (1995 ...

, ''Amblysomus marleyi'' ****

Robust golden mole The robust golden mole (''Amblysomus robustus'') is a species of mammal in the golden mole family, Chrysochloridae. It is endemic to parts of Mpumalanga province in South Africa. Its natural habitats are temperate forests, subtropical or tropi ...

, ''Amblysomus robustus'' ****

Highveld golden mole The highveld golden mole (''Amblysomus septentrionalis'') is a species of mammal in the golden mole family, Chrysochloridae. It is found in South Africa and Eswatini. Its natural habitats are forests, moist savanna, temperate shrubland and gras ...

, ''Amblysomus septentrionalis'' *** Genus ''

Calcochloris ''Calcochloris'' is a genus of mammal in the family Chrysochloridae. It contains the following species: * Yellow golden mole (''Calcochloris obtusirostris'') * Somali golden mole The Somali golden mole (''Calcochloris tytonis'') is a golden ...

'' **** Congo golden mole, ''Calcochloris leucorhinus'' ****

Yellow golden mole The yellow golden mole (''Calcochloris obtusirostris'') is a species of mammal in the family Chrysochloridae. It is found in Mozambique , South Africa (KwaZulu-natal and the Limpopo), and Zimbabwe. The yellow golden mole's natural habitats are su ...

, ''Calcochloris obtusirostris'' ****

Somali golden mole The Somali golden mole (''Calcochloris tytonis'') is a golden mole endemic to Somalia. In 1964, Dr. Alberto Simonetta of the University of Florence discovered the mole's jaw and ear bone fragments in a barn owl pellet in Giohar, Somalia. The Soma ...

, ''Calcochloris tytonis'' *** Genus ''

Neamblysomus ''Neamblysomus'' is a genus of golden moles containing two species: *Gunning's golden mole (''Neamblysomus gunningi'') *Juliana's golden mole Juliana's golden mole (''Neamblysomus julianae'') is a golden mole endemic to South Africa. It is li ...

'' ****

Juliana's golden mole Juliana's golden mole (''Neamblysomus julianae'') is a golden mole endemic to South Africa. It is listed as an endangered species due to habitat loss and a restricted range. Golden moles are an ancient group of mammals that live mostly below gro ...

, ''Neamblysomus julianae'' ****

Gunning's golden mole Gunning's golden mole (''Neamblysomus gunningi'') is a small mammal endemic to South Africa. It was listed in 2006 as an endangered species. Its decreasing numbers are due to habitat clearance or destruction and predation from domesticated cats a ...

, ''Neamblysomus gunningi''

Clade Paenungulata

=Order Hyracoidea (
hyrax Hyraxes (), also called dassies, are small, thickset, herbivorous mammals in the order Hyracoidea. Hyraxes are well-furred, rotund animals with short tails. Typically, they measure between long and weigh between . They are superficially simil ...
es)

* Family

Procaviidae Hyraxes (), also called dassies, are small, thickset, herbivorous mammals in the order Hyracoidea. Hyraxes are well-furred, rotund animals with short tails. Typically, they measure between long and weigh between . They are superficially simi ...

** Genus ''

Dendrohyrax The tree hyrax or tree dassie is a small nocturnal mammal native to Africa. Distantly related to elephants and sea cows, it comprises the four species in the genus ''Dendrohyrax'', one of only three genera in the family Procaviidae, which is the ...

'' *** Southern tree hyrax, ''Dendrohyrax arboreus'' ***

Western tree hyrax The western tree hyrax (''Dendrohyrax dorsalis''), also called the western tree dassie or Beecroft's tree hyrax, is a species of tree hyrax within the family Procaviidae. It can be distinguished from other hyraxes by short coarse fur, presence of ...

, ''Dendrohyrax dorsalis'' ** Genus '' Heterohyrax'' ***

Yellow-spotted rock hyrax The yellow-spotted rock hyrax or bush hyrax (''Heterohyrax brucei'') is a species of mammal in the family Procaviidae. It is found in Angola, Botswana, Burundi, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, southern Egypt, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Malaw ...

, ''Heterohyrax brucei'' ** Genus '' Procavia'' *** Cape hyrax, ''Procavia capensis''

=Clade Tethytheria

Order

Proboscidea The Proboscidea (; , ) are a taxonomic order of afrotherian mammals containing one living family (Elephantidae) and several extinct families. First described by J. Illiger in 1811, it encompasses the elephants and their close relatives. From ...

(

elephant Elephants are the largest existing land animals. Three living species are currently recognised: the African bush elephant, the African forest elephant, and the Asian elephant. They are the only surviving members of the family Elephantidae an ...

* Family Elephantidae **Genus '' Loxodonta'' *** African forest elephant, ''

Loxodonta cyclotis The African forest elephant (''Loxodonta cyclotis'') is one of the two living African elephant species. It is native to humid forests in West Africa and the Congo Basin. It is the smallest of the three living elephant species, reaching a should ...

'' ***

African bush elephant The African bush elephant (''Loxodonta africana'') is one of two extant African elephant species and one of three extant elephant species. It is the largest living terrestrial animal, with bulls reaching a shoulder height of up to and a body ...

, ''

Loxodonta africana The African bush elephant (''Loxodonta africana'') is one of two extant African elephant species and one of three extant elephant species. It is the largest living terrestrial animal, with bulls reaching a shoulder height of up to and a body ...

'' **Genus ''

Elephas ''Elephas'' is one of two surviving genera in the family of elephants, Elephantidae, with one surviving species, the Asian elephant, ''Elephas maximus''. Several extinct species have been identified as belonging to the genus, extending back to ...

'' ***

Asian elephant The Asian elephant (''Elephas maximus''), also known as the Asiatic elephant, is the only living species of the genus ''Elephas'' and is distributed throughout the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia, from India in the west, Nepal in the no ...

, ''

Elephas maximus ''Elephas'' is one of two surviving genera in the family of elephants, Elephantidae, with one surviving species, the Asian elephant, ''Elephas maximus''. Several extinct species have been identified as belonging to the genus, extending back to ...

Order Sirenia ( dugongs and manatees)

* Family

Dugongidae Dugongidae is a family in the order of Sirenia. The family has one surviving species, the dugong (''Dugong dugon''), one recently extinct species, Steller's sea cow (''Hydrodamalis gigas''), and a number of extinct genera known from fossil rec ...

** Genus '' Dugong'' *** Dugong, ''Dugong dugon'' ** Genus ''

Hydrodamalis ''Hydrodamalis'' is a genus of extinct herbivorous sirenian marine mammals, and included the Steller's sea cow (''Hydrodamalis gigas''), the Cuesta sea cow (''Hydrodamalis cuestae''), and the Takikawa sea cow (''Hydrodamalis spissa''). The fossi ...

'' ***†

Steller's sea cow Steller's sea cow (''Hydrodamalis gigas'') is an extinct sirenian described by Georg Wilhelm Steller in 1741. At that time, it was found only around the Commander Islands in the Bering Sea between Alaska and Russia; its range extended across ...

, ''Hydrodamalis gigas'' * Family Trichechidae **Genus ''

Trichechus Manatees (family Trichechidae, genus ''Trichechus'') are large, fully aquatic, mostly herbivorous marine mammals sometimes known as sea cows. There are three accepted living species of Trichechidae, representing three of the four living species ...

'' ( manatees) *** West Indian manatee, ''Trichechus manatus'' ***

African manatee The African manatee (''Trichechus senegalensis''), also known as the West African manatee, is a species of manatee that inhabits much of the western region of Africa – from Senegal to Angola. It is the only manatee species to be found in the ...

, ''Trichechus senegalensis'' ***

Amazonian manatee The Amazonian manatee (''Trichechus inunguis'') is a species of manatee that lives in the Amazon Basin in Brazil, Peru, Colombia and Ecuador. It has thin, wrinkled brownish or gray colored skin, with fine hairs scattered over its body and a whit ...

, ''Trichechus inunguis'' *** Dwarf manatee, ''Trichecus pygmaeus'' – validity questionable

Superorder Xenarthra

Order Cingulata (
armadillo Armadillos (meaning "little armored ones" in Spanish) are New World placental mammals in the order Cingulata. The Chlamyphoridae and Dasypodidae are the only surviving families in the order, which is part of the superorder Xenarthra, along wi ...
s)

* Family Dasypodidae ** Genus ''

Dasypus ''Dasypus'' is the only extant genus in the family Dasypodidae. Its species are known as long-nosed or naked-tailed armadillos. They are found in South, Central, and North America, as well as on the Caribbean islands of Grenada, Trinidad and Toba ...

'' *** Nine-banded armadillo, ''Dasypus novemcinctus'' ***

Seven-banded armadillo The seven-banded armadillo (''Dasypus septemcinctus''), also known as the Brazilian lesser long-nosed armadillo, is a species of armadillo from South America found in Paraguay, Argentina, Bolivia and Brazil. It is a solitary nocturnal, terrest ...

, ''Dasypus septemcinctus'' ***

Southern long-nosed armadillo The southern long-nosed armadillo (''Dasypus hybridus'') is a species of armadillo native to South America. Description Among the smallest of the long-nosed armadillos, individuals of the southern species measure about in head-body length, wit ...

, ''Dasypus hybridus'' *** Llanos long-nosed armadillo, ''Dasypus sabanicola'' ***

Greater long-nosed armadillo The greater long-nosed armadillo (''Dasypus kappleri'') is a South American species of armadillo found in Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador, Guyana, Suriname, French Guiana, Peru, Bolivia and Brazil. It is a solitary, nocturnal, terrestrial animal tha ...

, ''Dasypus kappleri'' ***

Hairy long-nosed armadillo The hairy long-nosed armadillo or woolly armadilloGardner AL 2007 Mammals of South America Vol 1: Marsupials, Xenarthrans, Shrews and Bats- University of Chicago Press, Chicago. (''Dasypus pilosus'') is a species of armadillo in the family Dasypo ...

, ''Dasypus pilosus'' ***

Yepes's mulita Yepes's mulita or the Yungas lesser long-nosed armadillo (''Dasypus mazzai)'' is a species of armadillo in the family Dasypodidae. It is endemic to Argentina and Bolivia. Its natural habitat is subtropical dry forests. The species was renamed '' ...

, ''Dasypus yepesi'' * Family

Chlamyphoridae Chlamyphoridae is a family of cingulate mammals. While glyptodonts have traditionally been considered stem-group cingulates outside the group that contains modern armadillos, there had been speculation that the extant family Dasypodidae could b ...

** Subfamily

Chlamyphorinae Chlamyphorinae is a subfamily of South American armadillos in the family Chlamyphoridae. Members of this subfamily, the fairy armadillos, are largely fossorial and have reduced eyes and robust forearms with large claws for digging. __TOC__ Ta ...

*** Genus '' Calyptophractus'' ****

Greater fairy armadillo The greater fairy armadillo (''Calyptophractus retusus''), also known as Burmeister's armadillo or the Chacoan fairy armadillo, is a species of armadillo in the family Chlamyphoridae. It is found in Argentina, Bolivia, and Paraguay. Its natural h ...

, ''Calyptophractus retusus'' *** Genus '' Chlamyphorus'', ''Chlamyphorus truncatus'' **** Pink fairy armadillo, ''Chlamyphorus truncatus'' ** Subfamily

Euphractinae Euphractinae is an armadillo subfamily in the family Chlamyphoridae. Euphractinae are known for having a well developed osteoderm that has large cavities filled with adipose tissue, and more hair follicles with well developed sebaceous glands i ...

*** Genus ''

Euphractus The six-banded armadillo (''Euphractus sexcinctus''), also known as the yellow armadillo, is an armadillo found in South America. The sole extant member of its genus, it was first described by Swedish zoologist Carl Linnaeus in 1758. The six- ...

'' **** Six-banded armadillo, ''Euphractus sexcinctus'' *** Genus ''

Zaedyus The pichi (''Zaedyus pichiy''), dwarf armadillo or pygmy armadillo is an armadillo native to Argentina. It is the only living member of the genus ''Zaedyus'', and the only armadillo to hibernate. Description Pichis are relatively small armadil ...

'' ****

Pichi The pichi (''Zaedyus pichiy''), dwarf armadillo or pygmy armadillo is an armadillo native to Argentina. It is the only living member of the genus ''Zaedyus'', and the only armadillo to hibernate. Description Pichis are relatively small armadi ...

, ''Zaedyus picky'' *** Genus ''

Chaetophractus ''Chaetophractus'' is a small genus of armadillos in the family Chlamyphoridae. It contains the following three species: Members of the genus are endemic to the continent of South America. They are found in the central and southern countries s ...

'' **** Screaming hairy armadillo, ''Chaetophractus vellerosus'' ****

Big hairy armadillo The big (or large) hairy armadillo (''Chaetophractus villosus'') is one of the largest and most numerous armadillos in South America. It lives from sea level to altitudes of up to 1,300 meters across the southern portion of South America, and c ...

, ''Chaetophractus villosus'' ****

Andean hairy armadillo The Andean hairy armadillo (''Chaetophractus nationi'') is an armadillo found mainly in Bolivia, in the region of the Puna; the departments of Oruro, La Paz, and Cochabamba (Gardner, 1993). Nowark (1991) describes it as distributed in Bolivia an ...

, ''Chaetophractus nationi'' ** Subfamily

Tolypeutinae Tolypeutinae is a subfamily of armadillos in the family Chlamyphoridae, consisting of the giant, three-banded and naked-tailed armadillos. __TOC__ Taxonomy It contains the following genera: *''Cabassous'' *''Kuntinaru'' *''Priodontes'' *''To ...

*** Genus ''

Cabassous ''Cabassous'' is a genus of South and Central American armadillos. The name is the Latinised form of the Kalini word for "armadillo". Cladogram of living ''Cabassous'' The genus contains the following four species In biology, a species ...

'' ****

Greater naked-tailed armadillo The greater naked-tailed armadillo (''Cabassous tatouay'') is an armadillo species from South America. Description Larger than the closely related southern naked-tailed armadillos, adults of the greater species measure in head-body length, wi ...

, ''Cabassous tatouay'' ****

Chacoan naked-tailed armadillo The Chacoan naked-tailed armadillo (''Cabassous chacoensis'') is a species of South American armadillo. It is the smallest of the naked-tailed armadillos, having an average head-body length of , while the other species range from . They also ha ...

, ''Cabassous chacoensis'' ****

Northern naked-tailed armadillo The northern naked-tailed armadillo (''Cabassous centralis'') is a species of armadillo. It is one of only two species of armadillo found outside of South America, the other being the more widely distributed nine-banded armadillo. Description Th ...

, ''Cabassous centralis'' ****

Southern naked-tailed armadillo The southern naked-tailed armadillo (''Cabassous unicinctus'') is a species of small armadillo from South America. Description Smaller than some other armadillos, males measure an average of in head-body length, and weigh around , while females ...

, ''Cabassous unicinctus'' *** Genus ''

Priodontes The giant armadillo (''Priodontes maximus''), colloquially ''tatu-canastra'', ''tatou'', ''ocarro'' or ''tatú carreta'', is the largest living species of armadillo (although their extinct relatives, the glyptodonts, were much larger). It lives ...

'' ****

Giant armadillo The giant armadillo (''Priodontes maximus''), colloquially ''tatu-canastra'', ''tatou'', ''ocarro'' or ''tatú carreta'', is the largest living species of armadillo (although their extinct relatives, the Glyptodontidae, glyptodonts, were much l ...

, ''Priodontes maximus'' *** Genus ''

Tolypeutes The genus ''Tolypeutes'' contains the two species of three-banded armadillos. They are restricted to open and semi-open habitats in South America. Of the several armadillo genera, only ''Tolypeutes'' rely heavily on their armor for protection. W ...

'' **** Southern three-banded armadillo, ''Tolypeutes matacus'' ****

Brazilian three-banded armadillo The Brazilian three-banded armadillo (''Tolypeutes tricinctus'') is an armadillo species endemic to eastern Brazil, where it is known as (, lit. ball armadillo). It is one of only two species of armadillo that can roll into a ball (the other is ...

, ''Tolypeutes tricinctus''

Order Pilosa

10 extant species in 4 families, all in the Americas, comprising anteaters and sloths. Silky anteater

=Suborder
Vermilingua Anteater is a common name for the four extant mammal species of the suborder Vermilingua (meaning "worm tongue") commonly known for eating ants and termites. The individual species have other names in English and other languages. Together with ...
(
anteater Anteater is a common name for the four extant mammal species of the suborder Vermilingua (meaning "worm tongue") commonly known for eating ants and termites. The individual species have other names in English and other languages. Together with ...
s)

= * Family Cyclopedidae ** Genus '' Cyclopes'' *** Silky anteater, ''Cyclopes didactylus'' * Family Myrmecophagidae ** Genus '' Myrmecophaga'' *** Giant anteater, ''Myrmecophaga tridactyla'' ** Genus '' Tamandua'' *** Northern tamandua, ''Tamandua mexicana'' *** Southern tamandua, ''Tamandua tetradactyla''

=Suborder Folivora (
sloth Sloths are a group of Neotropical xenarthran mammals constituting the suborder Folivora, including the extant arboreal tree sloths and extinct terrestrial ground sloths. Noted for their slowness of movement, tree sloths spend most of their li ...
s)

= * Family Bradypodidae ( three-toed sloths)

** Genus '' Bradypus'' ***

Pygmy three-toed sloth The pygmy three-toed sloth (''Bradypus pygmaeus''), also known as the monk sloth or dwarf sloth, is a sloth endemic to Isla Escudo de Veraguas, a small island off the Caribbean coast of Panama. The species was first described by Robert P. Ander ...

, ''Bradypus pygmaeus'' *** Brown-throated sloth, ''Bradypus variegatus'' *** Pale-throated three-toed sloth, ''Bradypus tridactylus'' ***

Maned three-toed sloth The maned sloth (''Bradypus torquatus'') is a three-toed sloth that is native to South America. It is one of four species of three-toed sloths belonging to the suborder Xenarthra and are placental mammals. They are endemic to the Atlantic coasta ...

, ''Bradypus torquatus'' * Family

Megalonychidae Megalonychidae is an extinct family of sloths including the extinct ''Megalonyx''. Megalonychids first appeared in the early Oligocene, about 35 million years (Ma) ago, in southern Argentina (Patagonia). There is actually one possible find dating ...

(

two-toed sloth ''Choloepus'' is a genus of xenarthran mammals of Central and South America within the monotypic family Choloepodidae, consisting of two-toed sloths, sometimes also called two-fingered sloths. The two species of ''Choloepus'' (which means "lame ...

s) ** Genus '' Choloepus'' ***

Hoffman's two-toed sloth Hoffmann's two-toed sloth (''Choloepus hoffmanni''), also known as the northern two-toed sloth is a species of sloth from Central and South America. It is a solitary, largely nocturnal and arboreal animal, found in mature and secondary rainfor ...

, ''Choloepus hoffmanni'' ***

Linnaeus's two-toed sloth Linnaeus's two-toed sloth (''Choloepus didactylus''), also known as the southern two-toed sloth, unau, or Linne's two-toed sloth is a species of sloth from South America, found in Venezuela, the Guyanas, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Brazil north ...

, ''Choloepus didactylus''

Magnorder Boreoeutheria

Superorder Euarchontoglires

Grandorder Euarchonta

=Mirorder
Primatomorpha The Primatomorpha are a proposed mirorder of mammals containing the flying lemurs (order Dermoptera or colugos) and lemurs (Strepsirrhini, adapiformes and lemuriformes). However, notably, the haplorhini are sister to the lemurs, together formin ...

Order Scandentia (

treeshrew The treeshrews (or tree shrews or banxrings) are small mammals native to the tropical forests of South and Southeast Asia. They make up the entire order Scandentia, which split into two families: the Tupaiidae (19 species, "ordinary" treeshrews) ...

There are 20 species placed in five genera; all are from Southeast Asia. * Family Ptilocercidae ** Genus ''

Ptilocercus ''Ptilocercus'' is a genus of treeshrew and the sole member of the family Ptilocercidae. Taxonomy Today the genus (and family) is represented by a single species, the pen-tailed treeshrew ''(Ptilocercus lowii)''. However, this genus is very anc ...

'' ***

Pen-tailed treeshrew The pen-tailed treeshrew (''Ptilocercus lowii'') is a treeshrew of the family Ptilocercidae native to southern Thailand, the Malay Peninsula, Borneo, and some Indonesian islands. It is the only living species in the genus ''Ptilocercus''. All ...

, ''Ptilocercus lowii'' * Family

Tupaiidae Tupaiidae is one of two families of treeshrews, the other family being Ptilocercidae. The family contains three living genera and 19 living species. The family name derives from ''tupai'', the Malay word for treeshrew and also for squirrel which ...

** Genus ''

Anathana The Madras treeshrew (''Anathana ellioti''), also known as the Indian treeshrew, is a species of treeshrew in the monotypic genus ''Anathana'' found in the hill forests of central and southern India. The genus name is derived from the Tamil name ...

'' ***

Madras treeshrew The Madras treeshrew (''Anathana ellioti''), also known as the Indian treeshrew, is a species of treeshrew in the monotypic genus ''Anathana'' found in the hill forests of central and southern India. The genus name is derived from the Tamil name ...

, ''Anathana ellioti'' ** Genus ''

Dendrogale ''Dendrogale'' is a genus of treeshrew in the family Tupaiidae found in Southeast Asia and Borneo. It contains these species: * Bornean smooth-tailed treeshrew (''D. melanura'') * Northern smooth-tailed treeshrew (''D. murina'') References

...

'' ***

Bornean smooth-tailed treeshrew The Bornean smooth-tailed treeshrew (''Dendrogale melanura'') is a species of treeshrew in the family Tupaiidae. It is endemic to Borneo. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical dry forests. It is threatened by habitat loss. Description H ...

, ''Dendrogale melanura'' ***

Northern smooth-tailed treeshrew The northern smooth-tailed treeshrew (''Dendrogale murina'') is a species of treeshrew in the family Tupaiidae found in Cambodia, Thailand, and Vietnam. Their diet primarily consists of invertebrates but rarely includes fruits and plants. Refere ...

, ''Dendrogale murina'' ** Genus '' Tupaia'' ***

Northern treeshrew The northern treeshrew (''Tupaia belangeri'') is a treeshrew species native to Southeast Asia. In 1841, the German zoologist Johann Andreas Wagner first used the specific name ''Cladobates belangeri'' for treeshrews that had been collected in Pe ...

, ''Tupaia belangeri'' ***

Golden-bellied treeshrew The golden-bellied treeshrew (''Tupaia chrysogaster'') is a treeshrew species within the Tupaiidae. It is also called Mentawai treeshrew as it is endemic to the Indonesian Mentawai islands of Sipora, North and South Pagai. It lives in forests, an ...

, ''Tupaia chrysogaster'' ***

Striped treeshrew The striped treeshrew (''Tupaia dorsalis'') is a treeshrew species within the Tupaiidae. It is endemic to Borneo and known only from a few individuals in Sabah, Sarawak, Brunei and Kalimantan Kalimantan () is the Indonesian portion of the isla ...

, ''Tupaia dorsalis'' ***

Common treeshrew The common treeshrew (''Tupaia glis'') is a small mammal in the treeshrew family Tupaiidae, and is native to Thailand, Malaysia, and Indonesia. It has been listed as Least Concern by IUCN as it remains common and displays some adaptability to on ...

, ''Tupaia glis'' ***

Slender treeshrew The slender treeshrew (''Tupaia gracilis'') is a treeshrew species within the Tupaiidae. It is native to Borneo Borneo (; id, Kalimantan) is the third-largest island in the world and the largest in Asia. At the geographic centre of Marit ...

, ''Tupaia gracilis'' ***

Horsfield's treeshrew Horsfield's treeshrew (''Tupaia javanica''), also called Javan treeshrew, is a treeshrew species within the Tupaiidae. It is endemic to the Indonesian islands of Sumatra, Bali, Java and Nias where it inhabits foremost primary forest. It was firs ...

, ''Tupaia javanica'' ***

Long-footed treeshrew The long-footed treeshrew (''Tupaia longipes'') is a treeshrew species within the Tupaiidae. It is endemic to Borneo and threatened due to deforestation Deforestation or forest clearance is the removal of a forest or stand of trees fro ...

, ''Tupaia longipes'' ***

Pygmy treeshrew The pygmy treeshrew (''Tupaia minor'') is a treeshrew species within the family Tupaiidae. It is native to Thailand, Malaysia and Indonesia. The generic name is derived from the Malay word ''tupai'' meaning squirrel or small animals that resemb ...

, ''Tupaia minor'' *** Calamian treeshrew, ''Tupaia moellendorffi'' ***

Mountain treeshrew The mountain treeshrew (''Tupaia montana'') is a treeshrew species within the Tupaiidae. It is endemic to Borneo and inhabits montane forests in Sarawak and Sabah. The first specimen was described by Oldfield Thomas and was part of a zoological ...

, ''Tupaia montana'' ***

Nicobar treeshrew The Nicobar treeshrew (''Tupaia nicobarica'') is a treeshrew species within the Tupaiidae. It is endemic to the Nicobar Islands where it inhabits the islands' rain forests. It is threatened by habitat loss. Although previously listed as an endan ...

, ''Tupaia nicobarica'' ***

Palawan treeshrew The Palawan treeshrew (''Tupaia palawanensis'') is a treeshrew species endemic to the Palawan Island, Philippines, where it occurs from sea level to an elevation of . The population is considered steady. Formerly, it was considered a subspecies o ...

, ''Tupaia palawanensis'' ***

Painted treeshrew The painted treeshrew (''Tupaia picta'') is a treeshrew species of the family Tupaiidae. The first specimen was described by Oldfield Thomas and was part of a zoological collection from northern Borneo obtained by the British Museum of Natural H ...

, ''Tupaia picta'' *** Ruddy treeshrew, ''Tupaia splendidula'' ***

Large treeshrew The large treeshrew (''Tupaia tana'') is a treeshrew species within the Tupaiidae. It is native to Sumatra and adjacent small islands, as well as in the lowlands and hills of Borneo.Payne, J., Francis, C. M., Phillipps, K. (1985). ''Field guide ...

, ''Tupaia tana'' ** Genus ''

Urogale The Mindanao treeshrew (''Tupaia everetti''), also called the Philippine tree shrew, is a species of treeshrew endemic to the Mindanao region in the Philippines. It was formerly considered the only member of the genus ''Urogale'', but that genus ...

'' ***

Mindanao treeshrew The Mindanao treeshrew (''Tupaia everetti''), also called the Philippine tree shrew, is a species of treeshrew endemic to the Mindanao region in the Philippines. It was formerly considered the only member of the genus ''Urogale'', but that genus ...

, ''Urogale everetti''

Order Dermoptera ( colugos)

Colugo (Galeopterus variegatus, adult female), Central Catchment Area, Singapore - 20060618

* Family Cynocephalidae ** Genus '' Cynocephalus'' ***

Philippine flying lemur The Philippine flying lemur or Philippine colugo (''Cynocephalus volans''), known locally as ''kagwang'', is one of two species of colugo or "flying lemurs". It is monotypic of its genus. Although it is called "flying lemur", the Philippine fl ...

, ''Cynocephalus volans'' ** Genus ''

Galeopterus The Sunda flying lemur (''Galeopterus variegatus''), also known as Sunda colugo, Malayan flying lemur and Malayan colugo, is a colugo species. It is native throughout Southeast Asia ranging from southern Myanmar, Thailand, southern Vietnam, Malay ...

'' ***

Sunda flying lemur The Sunda flying lemur (''Galeopterus variegatus''), also known as Sunda colugo, Malayan flying lemur and Malayan colugo, is a colugo species. It is native throughout Southeast Asia ranging from southern Myanmar, Thailand, southern Vietnam, Malay ...

, ''Galeopterus variegatus''

Order

Primates Primates are a diverse order of mammals. They are divided into the strepsirrhines, which include the lemurs, galagos, and lorisids, and the haplorhines, which include the tarsiers and the simians (monkeys and apes, the latter including huma ...

Grandorder
Glires Glires (, Latin ''glīrēs'' 'dormice') is a clade (sometimes ranked as a grandorder) consisting of rodents and lagomorphs (rabbits, hares, and pikas). The hypothesis that these form a monophyletic group has been long debated based on morphologic ...

=Order
Rodent Rodents (from Latin , 'to gnaw') are mammals of the order Rodentia (), which are characterized by a single pair of continuously growing incisors in each of the upper and lower jaws. About 40% of all mammal species are rodents. They are na ...
ia

=Order Lagomorpha

Superorder Laurasiatheria

Order Eulipotyphla

* Family Solenodontidae ** Genus '' Solenodon'' *** †

Giant solenodon The giant solenodon (''Solenodon arredondoi'') is an extinct species of soricomorph that occurred in western Cuba. A larger animal than the still-extant Cuban solenodon (''Atopogale cubana''), the species is believed to have been eradicated thro ...

, ''Solenodon arredondoi'' *** †

Marcano's solenodon Marcano's solenodon (''Solenodon marcanoi'') is an extinct species of mammal in the family Solenodontidae known only from skeletal remains found on the island of Hispaniola (today the Dominican Republic and Haiti). Etymology The specific epithe ...

, ''Solenodon marcanoi'' ***

Cuban solenodon The Cuban solenodon or ''almiquí'' (''Atopogale cubana'') is a small, furry, shrew-like mammal endemic to mountainous forests on Cuba. It is the only species in the genus ''Atopogale''. An elusive animal, it lives in burrows and is only active ...

, ''Solenodon cubanus'' *** Hispaniolan solenodon, ''Solenodon paradoxus'' * Family Talpidae ** Subfamily Uropsilinae (shrewmoles) *** Genus ''

Uropsilus The shrew moles or shrew-like moles (''Uropsilus'') are shrew-like members of Talpidae, the mole family of mammals endemic to the forested, high-alpine region bordering China, Myanmar, and Vietnam. They possess a long snout, a long slender tail, ...

'' ****

Anderson's shrew mole The Anderson's shrew mole (''Uropsilus andersoni'') is a species of mammal in the family Talpidae. It is endemic to China. Its species name "''andersoni''" was chosen to honor American scientific collector Malcolm Playfair Anderson Malcolm Pl ...

, ''Uropsilus andersoni'' ****

Gracile shrew mole The gracile shrew mole (''Uropsilus gracilis'') is a species of mammal in the family Talpidae. It is endemic to China; populations known from Myanmar likely represent other species (see below). The black-backed shrew mole (''U. atronates'') an ...

, ''Uropsilus gracilis'' ****

Inquisitive shrew mole The inquisitive shrew mole (''Uropsilus investigator'') is a species of mammal in the family Talpidae. It is only known from Yunnan province of China, although its range is thought to extend over the border into Myanmar. A 2018 phylogenetic st ...

, ''Uropsilus investigator'' ****

Chinese shrew mole The Chinese shrew mole (''Uropsilus soricipes'') is a species of mammal in the family Talpidae. It is endemic to China, Sichuan Province Sichuan (; zh, c=, labels=no, ; zh, p=Sìchuān; alternatively romanized as Szechuan or Szechwan; ...

, ''Uropsilus soricipes'' ** Subfamily Neurotrichinae (American shrew mole) *** Genus ''

Neurotrichus ''Neurotrichus'' is a genus of shrew-like moles. It is classified, together with the fossil genus '' Quyania'', in the tribe Neurotrichini of the subfamily Talpinae. The only living species is the American shrew-mole (''N. gibbsii'') of the n ...

'' **** American shrew mole, ''Neurotrichus gibbsii'' ** Subfamily Desmaninae (diving moles) *** Genus '' Desmana'' **** Russian desman, ''Desmana moschata'' *** Genus '' Galemys'' ****

Pyrenean desman The Pyrenean desman also called Iberian desman (''Galemys pyrenaicus'') is a small semiaquatic, globally threatened mammal related to moles and shrews, and, along with the Russian desman (''Desmana moschata''), is one of the two extant members ...

, ''Galemys pyrenaicus'' ** Subfamily Talpinae *** Tribe

Talpini Talpini is a tribe of mammals known as Old World Moles. It is a division of the subfamily Talpinae. This tribe contains the following genera and species: * Tribe Talpini ** Genus '' Euroscaptor'' *** Greater Chinese mole, ''E. grandis'' ** ...

**** Genus ''

Euroscaptor ''Euroscaptor'' is a genus of mammal in the family Talpidae. Members are found in China and South & Southeast Asia. It contains the following species as of October 2021: * Greater Chinese mole (''Euroscaptor grandis'') * Kloss's mole (''Euros ...

'' *****

Greater Chinese mole The greater Chinese mole (''Euroscaptor grandis'') is a species of mammal in the family Talpidae. It is found in China and potentially Myanmar Myanmar, ; UK pronunciations: US pronunciations incl. . Note: Wikipedia's IPA conventions r ...

, ''Euroscaptor grandis'' ***** Kloss's mole, ''Euroscaptor klossi'' *****

Long-nosed mole The long-nosed mole (''Euroscaptor longirostris'') is a species of mammal in the family Talpidae. It is endemic to China, where it has a widespread distribution. Orlov's mole (''E. orlovi'') and Kuznetsov's mole (''E. kuznetsovi''), both of wh ...

, ''Euroscaptor longirostris'' *****

Malaysian mole The Malaysian mole (''Euroscaptor malayanus'') is a species of mammal in the family Talpidae. It is endemic to the highlands of peninsular Malaysia, making it the southernmost known species of mole. Taxonomy This species was formerly classifie ...

, ''Euroscaptor malayana'' *****

Himalayan mole The Himalayan mole (''Euroscaptor micrurus'') or short-tailed mole is a species of mammal in the family Talpidae. Taxonomy The Malaysian mole (''E. malayanus'') of peninsular Malaysia was sometimes (erroneously) considered to be a population ...

, ''Euroscaptor micrura'' *****

Japanese mountain mole The Japanese mountain mole (''Oreoscaptor mizura'') is a species of Old World mole in the family Talpidae. It is endemic to Japan. It is the only member of the monotypic genus ''Oreoscaptor''. Its natural habitats are temperate forests and temp ...

, ''Euroscaptor mizura'' *****

Small-toothed mole The small-toothed mole (''Euroscaptor parvidens'') is a species of mammal in the family Talpidae. It is found in Di Linh, in southern Vietnam, and Rakho near the border of Vietnam and China, and in southern Yunnan, China, near the Vietnamese bor ...

, ''Euroscaptor parvidens'' ***** '' Euroscaptor subanura'' **** Genus ''

Mogera ''Mogera'' is a genus of mammals in the family Talpidae. Moles in this genus differ from Old World moles in the genus ''Talpa'' in having one fewer pairs of lower incisors and in having larger hind premolars in the lower jaw. Species The gen ...

'' *****

Echigo mole The Echigo mole (''Mogera etigo'') is an endangered species of mammal in the family Talpidae. It is endemic to Japan, being found only on the Echigo plain, Niigata prefecture is a prefecture in the Chūbu region of Honshu of Japan. N ...

, ''Mogera etigo'' *****

Insular mole The insular mole (''Mogera insularis'') is a species of mammal in the family Talpidae. It is restricted to Hainan Island and Taiwan, where it is also known as the Formosan blind mole. The species was first described by Robert Swinhoe in 1863. ...

, ''Mogera insularis'' ***** Kano mole, ''Mogera kanoana'' ***** Kobe mole, ''Mogera kobeae'' ***** Small Japanese mole, ''Mogera imaizumii'' ***** Large mole, ''Mogera robusta'' *****

Sado mole The Sado mole or Tokuda's mole (''Mogera tokudae'') is a species of mammal in the family Talpidae. It is endemic to Sado Island is a city located on in Niigata Prefecture, Japan. Since 2004, the city has comprised the entire island, altho ...

, ''Mogera tokudae'' ***** Japanese mole, ''Mogera wogura'' *****

Senkaku mole The Senkaku mole (''Mogera uchidai''), also known as the Ryukyu mole, is a species of mammal in the family Talpidae. It was formerly classified as being the only species in the genus '' Nesoscaptor''. It is endemic to the Uotsuri-jima ( ja, 魚� ...

, ''Mogera uchidai'' **** Genus '' Parascaptor'' *****

White-tailed mole The white-tailed mole (''Parascaptor leucura'') is a species of mammal in the family Talpidae. It is found in Bangladesh, China, India, and Myanmar Myanmar, ; UK pronunciations: US pronunciations incl. . Note: Wikipedia's IPA conventi ...

, ''Parascaptor leucura'' **** Genus ''

Scaptochirus The short-faced mole (''Scaptochirus moschatus'') is a species of mammal in the family Talpidae. It is the only species within the genus ''Scaptochirus''. It is endemic to China China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is ...

'' *****

Short-faced mole The short-faced mole (''Scaptochirus moschatus'') is a species of mammal in the family Talpidae. It is the only species within the genus ''Scaptochirus''. It is endemic to China China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is ...

, ''Scaptochirus moschatus'' **** Genus ''

Talpa Talpa may refer to: Places * Talpa, Iran, a village in Khuzestan Province, Iran * Talpa, Teleorman, a commune in Teleorman County, Romania * Talpa, a village in Cândeşti Commune, Botoşani County, Romania * Talpa, a village in Bârgăuani Commun ...

'' *****

Altai mole The Altai mole or Siberian mole (''Talpa altaica'') is a species of mole in the family Talpidae. It is found throughout the taiga zone of south-central Siberia in Russia, as far south as northern Mongolia and Kazakhstan. This mole lives in fore ...

, ''Talpa altaica'' *****

Blind mole The blind mole (''Talpa caeca''), also known as the Mediterranean mole, is a mole found in the Mediterranean region. It is similar to the European mole, differing most prominently in having eyes covered with skin. It is found in Albania, France, G ...

, ''Talpa caeca'' ***** Caucasian mole, ''Talpa caucasica'' ***** European mole, ''Talpa europaea'' *****

Père David's mole Père David's mole (''Talpa davidiana'') is a mole found in the Middle East, ranging from south-central Turkey east to Kurdistan Province, Iran Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, and also called Persia, is a country ...

, ''Talpa davidiana'' *****

Levant mole The Levant mole (''Talpa levantis'') is a species of mammal in the family Talpidae. It is found in Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Russia, and Turkey. There are two subspecies, ''T. l. levantis'' and ''T. l. transcaucasica'' (the Transcaucasian mo ...

, ''Talpa levantis'' *****

Spanish mole The Spanish mole (''Talpa occidentalis'') is a species of mammal in the family Talpidae. It is found in Spain and Portugal Portugal, officially the Portuguese Republic ( pt, República Portuguesa, links=yes ), is a country whose mainland ...

, ''Talpa occidentalis'' *****

Roman mole The Roman mole (''Talpa romana'') is a species of mammal in the family Talpidae. It is found in southern Italy. It was last recorded on Sicily in 1885. There is also an unconfirmed report about an isolated subpopulation in the Var region of south ...

, ''Talpa romana'' *****

Balkan mole The Balkan mole (''Talpa stankovici'') is a species of mammal in the family Talpidae. It is found in Montenegro, Albania, North Macedonia and Greece, including the island of Corfu Corfu (, ) or Kerkyra ( el, Κέρκυρα, Kérkyra, , ; ; ...

, ''Talpa stankovici'' *** Tribe

Condylurini ''Condylura'' is a genus of moles that contains a single extant species, the star-nosed mole ''(Condylura cristata)'' endemic to the northern parts of North America. It is also the only living member of the tribe Condylurini. While today endemic ...

**** Genus ''

Condylura ''Condylura'' is a genus of moles that contains a single extant species, the star-nosed mole ''(Condylura cristata)'' endemic to the northern parts of North America. It is also the only living member of the tribe Condylurini. While today endemic ...

'' ***** Star-nosed mole, ''Condylura cristata'' *** Tribe

Scalopini The Scalopini are a tribe of moles belonging to the family Talpidae. They include all the New World moles apart from the strikingly distinctive star-nosed mole. As the similarity of the names implies, they are the standard form of the Scalopinae ...

**** Genus ''

Parascalops The hairy-tailed mole (''Parascalops breweri''), also known as Brewer's mole, is a medium-sized North American mole. It is the only member of the genus ''Parascalops''. The species epithet ''breweri'' refers to Thomas Mayo Brewer, an American n ...

'' *****

Hairy-tailed mole The hairy-tailed mole (''Parascalops breweri''), also known as Brewer's mole, is a medium-sized North American mole. It is the only member of the genus ''Parascalops''. The species epithet ''breweri'' refers to Thomas Mayo Brewer, an American ...

, ''Parascalops breweri'' **** Genus '' Scalopus'' ***** Eastern mole (common mole), ''Scalopus aquaticus'' **** Genus ''

Scapanulus The Gansu mole (''Scapanulus oweni'') is a species of mammal in the family Talpidae endemic to central China, where it occurs in Shaanxi, Gansu, Sichuan, and Qinghai. It is the only species in the genus ''Scapanulus''. Along with the Medog ...

'' ***** Gansu mole, ''Scapanulus oweni'' **** Genus '' Scapanus'' (western North American moles) *****

Anthony's Mexican mole The Mexican mole (''Scapanus anthonyi'') is a species of mammal in the family Talpidae. It is Endemism, endemic to Baja California in Mexico, where it is restricted to the highlands of the Sierra de San Pedro Mártir mountain range. Its specific ...

, ''Scapanus anthonyi'' *****

Northern broad-footed mole The northern broad-footed mole (''Scapanus latimanus'') is a species of mammal in the family Talpidae. It is endemic to the United States, where it is found in northern California, Nevada and Oregon at elevations up to 3000 m above sea leve ...

(''Scapanus latimanus'') *****

Southern broad-footed mole The southern broad-footed mole (''Scapanus occultus'') is a species of mammal in the family Talpidae. It is found only in the U.S. state of California and northernmost Baja California in Mexico. Taxonomy It was formerly considered a subspecie ...

(''Scapanus occultus'') *****

Coast mole The coast mole or Pacific mole (''Scapanus orarius'') is a medium-sized North American mole found in forested and open areas with moist soils along the Pacific coast from southwestern British Columbia to northwestern California. Taxonomy Two su ...

, ''Scapanus orarius'' *****

Townsend's mole The Townsend's mole (''Scapanus townsendii'') is a fossorial mammal in the family Talpidae, and is the largest North American mole. It was named after the American naturalist John Kirk Townsend. The name was selected at the request of Thomas Nut ...

, ''Scapanus townsendii'' *** Tribe Scaptonychini **** Genus '' Scaptonyx'' ***** Long-tailed mole, ''Scaptonyx fusicaudus'' *** Tribe Urotrichini **** Genus '' Dymecodon'' *****

True's shrew mole True's shrew mole (''Dymecodon pilirostris'') is a species of mammal in the family Talpidae. It is endemic to Japan (Honshu, Shikoku and Kyushu) and is a common species above 1000 meters in grassland, shrubland and forest. Sometimes this speci ...

, ''Dymecodon pilirostris'' **** Genus ''

Urotrichus ''Urotrichus'' is a genus of talpid that contains a single living species, the Japanese shrew mole ''(Urotrichus talpoides)''. Two fossil species ('' Urotrichus dolichochir'' and '' Urotrichus giganeus'') are also known. ''Urotrichus talpoides' ...

'' *****

Japanese shrew mole The Japanese shrew mole (''Urotrichus talpoides'') or is a species of mammal in the family Talpidae. It is endemic to Japan and is found on Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, Awaji Island, Shodo Island, Oki Islands, Tsushima Island, Goto Islands, Mis ...

, ''Urotrichus talpoides'' * Family

Erinaceidae Erinaceidae is a family in the order Eulipotyphla, consisting of the hedgehogs and moonrats. Until recently, it was assigned to the order Erinaceomorpha, which has been subsumed with the paraphyletic Soricomorpha into Eulipotyphla. Eulipotyphla ...

** Subfamily Erinaceinae ( hedgehogs) *** Genus '' Atelerix'' ****

Four-toed hedgehog The four-toed hedgehog (''Atelerix albiventris''), is a species of hedgehog found throughout much of central and eastern Africa. Populations tend to be scattered between suitable savannah or cropland habitats, avoiding forested areas. The specie ...

, ''Atelerix albiventris'' ****

North African hedgehog The North African hedgehog (''Atelerix algirus'') or Algerian hedgehog, is a mammal species in the family Erinaceidae native to Algeria, Libya, Malta, Morocco, Spain, and Tunisia. Little is known about this hedgehog, even though the most common b ...

, ''Atelerix algirus'' ****

Southern African hedgehog The Southern African hedgehog (''Atelerix frontalis'') is a species of mammal in the family Erinaceidae. It is found in Angola, Botswana, Lesotho, Namibia, South Africa, Tanzania and Zimbabwe. Description Their bodies are covered by sharp spine ...

, ''Atelerix frontalis'' ****

Somali hedgehog The Somali hedgehog (''Atelerix sclateri'') is a species of mammal in the family Erinaceidae. It is endemic to Somalia and Somaliland Somaliland,; ar, صوماليلاند ', ' officially the Republic of Somaliland,, ar, جمهور� ...

, ''Atelerix sclateri'' *** Genus '' Erinaceus'' **** Amur hedgehog, ''Erinaceus amurensis'' **** Southern white-breasted hedgehog, ''Erinaceus concolor'' **** European hedgehog, ''Erinaceus europaeus'' **** Northern white-breasted hedgehog, ''Erinaceus roumanicus'' *** Genus '' Hemiechinus'' ****

Long-eared hedgehog The long-eared hedgehog (''Hemiechinus auritus'') is a species of hedgehog native to Central Asian countries and some countries of the Middle East. The long-eared hedgehog lives in burrows that it either makes or finds and is distinguished by its ...

, ''Hemiechinus auritus'' ****

Indian long-eared hedgehog The Indian long-eared hedgehog (''Hemiechinus collaris'') is a small species of mammal native to northern India and Pakistan. It is insectivorous and nocturnal. Description The Indian long-eared hedgehog is a relatively small hedgehog (~17 ...

, ''Hemiechinus collaris'' *** Genus '' Mesechinus'' ****

Daurian hedgehog The Daurian hedgehog (''Mesechinus dauuricus'') is a solitary small hedgehog. It is listed in the Red book of Russian Federation as a protected species with an unclear status, generally considered to be endangered, although the IUCN lists it as ...

, ''Mesechinus dauuricus'' ****

Hugh's hedgehog Hugh's hedgehog (''Mesechinus hughi''), also sometimes referred to as the central Chinese hedgehog, is native to central China and Manchuria Manchuria is an exonym (derived from the endo demonym " Manchu") for a historical and geographic r ...

, ''Mesechinus hughi'' *** Genus '' Paraechinus'' ****

Desert hedgehog The desert hedgehog (''Paraechinus aethiopicus'') is a species of mammal in the family Erinaceidae. Basic facts The desert hedgehog is one of the smallest of hedgehogs. It is long and weighs about . The quills (or spines to give their corre ...

, ''Paraechinus aethiopicus'' ****

Brandt's hedgehog Brandt's hedgehog (''Paraechinus hypomelas'') is a species of desert hedgehog native to parts of the Middle East and Central Asia. Its common name derives from its having first been described by Johann Friedrich von Brandt, a director of the Zoo ...

, ''Paraechinus hypomelas'' **** Indian hedgehog, ''Paraechinus micropus '' ****

Bare-bellied hedgehog The bare-bellied hedgehog (''Paraechinus nudiventris''), also known as the Madras hedgehog, is a species of hedgehog that is endemic to dry arid regions and scrubby jungles in southeastern India. As it was believed to be rare, it was formerly ...

, ''Paraechinus nudiventris'' ** Subfamily Galericinae (

gymnure Gymnures, also called hairy hedgehogs or moonrats, are mammals belonging to the subfamily Galericinae, in the family Erinaceidae and the order Eulipotyphla. Gymnures resemble rats but are not closely related as they are not rodents; they are ...

s or

moonrat The moonrat (''Echinosorex gymnura'') is a southeast Asian species of mammal in the family Erinaceidae (hedgehogs and gymnures). It is the only species in the genus ''Echinosorex''. The moonrat is a fairly small, primarily carnivorous animal whi ...

s) *** Genus '' Echinosorex'' **** Greater moonrat, ''Echinosorex gymnura'' *** Genus ''

Hylomys ''Hylomys'' is a small genus of the family Erinaceidae. ''Hylomys'' species, like all species in the subfamily Galericinae, are known as gymnures or moonrats. Their closest relatives include the fossil '' Lantanotherium'' and '' Thaiagymnura'' ...

'' ****

Long-eared gymnure The long-eared gymnure (''Hylomys megalotis'') is a eulipotyphlan that is found in Laos. This specific type of gymnure has long ears and a long skull compared to that of others. It is also recognized for its broad forefeet, stout claws, and naked ...

, ''Hylomys megalotis'' **** Dwarf gymnure, ''Hylomys parvus'' ****

Short-tailed gymnure The short-tailed gymnure (''Hylomys suillus'') is a small mammal from the family of the Erinaceidae. The scientific name of the species is first published by Salomon Müller in 1840. Description The upperparts of the short-tailed gymnure are ...

or lesser moonrat, ''Hylomys suillus'' *** Genus ''

Neohylomys The Hainan gymnure (''Neohylomys hainanensis'') or Hainan moonrat is a species of mammal in the family Erinaceidae. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical dry forests. It was thought to be endemic to the island of Hainan, China where it i ...

'' * Family Soricidae (

shrew Shrews (family Soricidae) are small mole-like mammals classified in the order Eulipotyphla. True shrews are not to be confused with treeshrews, otter shrews, elephant shrews, West Indies shrews, or marsupial shrews, which belong to different fa ...

Clade
Ferungulata Ferungulata ("wild beasts and ungulates") is a grandorder of placental mammals that groups together mirorder Ferae and clade Pan-Euungulata. It has existed in two guises, a traditional one based on morphological analysis and a revised one taking ...

=Order Chiroptera (
bat Bats are mammals of the order Chiroptera.''cheir'', "hand" and πτερόν''pteron'', "wing". With their forelimbs adapted as wings, they are the only mammals capable of true and sustained flight. Bats are more agile in flight than most bi ...
s)

=Order Pholidota (
pangolin Pangolins, sometimes known as scaly anteaters, are mammals of the order Pholidota (, from Ancient Greek ϕολιδωτός – "clad in scales"). The one extant family, the Manidae, has three genera: '' Manis'', '' Phataginus'', and '' Smut ...
s)

* Family

Manidae Manidae is the only extant family of pangolins from superfamily Manoidea. This family comprises three genera ('' Manis'' from subfamily Maninae, ''Phataginus'' from subfamily Phatagininae, and ''Smutsia'' from subfamily Smutsiinae), as well as ex ...

** Genus ''

Manis ''Manis'' is a genus of South Asian and East Asian pangolins, the Asiatic pangolins, from subfamily Maninae, within family Manidae. Etymology Carl Linnaeus (1758) invented the Neo-Latin generic name ''Manis'' apparently as a feminine singular ...

'' *** Indian pangolin, ''Manis crassicaudata'' *** Chinese pangolin, ''Manis pentadactyla'' *** Asian giant pangolin, ''Manis paleojavanica'' † *** Sunda pangolin, ''Manis javanica'' ***

Philippine pangolin The Philippine pangolin or Palawan pangolin (''Manis culionensis''), also locally known as ''balintong'', is a pangolin species endemic to the Palawan province of the Philippines. Its habitat includes primary and secondary forests, as well as su ...

, ''Manis culionensis'' ** Genus ''

Phataginus African tree pangolin (''Phataginus'') is a genus of African pangolins from subfamily small African pangolins (Phatagininae), within family Manidae. Its members are the more arboreal of the African pangolins. The number of illegally trafficked ...

'' ***

Tree pangolin The tree pangolin (''Phataginus tricuspis'') is one of eight extant species of pangolins ("scaly anteaters"), and is native to equatorial Africa. Also known as the white-bellied pangolin or three-cusped pangolin, it is the most common of the ...

, ''Phataginus tricuspis'' ***

Long-tailed pangolin The long-tailed pangolin (''Phataginus tetradactyla''), also called the African black-bellied pangolin, or ''ipi'', is a diurnal, arboreal pangolin species belonging to the family Manidae, in the order Pholidota. They feed on ants rather tha ...

, ''Phataginus tetradactyla'' ** Genus ''

Smutsia ''Smutsia'' is a genus of African pangolins, better known as the African ground pangolins, from subfamily Smutsiinae, within family Manidae. It was formerly considered a subgenus of '' Manis''. Its members are the more terrestrial of the African ...

'' *** Giant pangolin, ''Smutsia gigantea'' ***

Ground pangolin The ground pangolin (''Smutsia temminckii''), also known as Temminck's pangolin, Cape pangolin or steppe pangolin, is one of four species of pangolins which can be found in Africa, and the only one in southern and eastern Africa. The animal was ...

, ''Smutsia temmincki''

=Order
Cetacea Cetacea (; , ) is an infraorder of aquatic mammals that includes whales, dolphins, and porpoises. Key characteristics are their fully aquatic lifestyle, streamlined body shape, often large size and exclusively carnivorous diet. They propel them ...

=Order
Carnivora Carnivora is a Clade, monophyletic order of Placentalia, placental mammals consisting of the most recent common ancestor of all felidae, cat-like and canidae, dog-like animals, and all descendants of that ancestor. Members of this group are f ...

=Order Perissodactyla ( odd-toed ungulates)

Known as odd-toed ungulates, their rear hooves consist of an odd number of toes.

Suborder

Hippomorpha Odd-toed ungulates, mammals which constitute the taxonomic order Perissodactyla (, ), are animals—ungulates—who have reduced the weight-bearing toes to three (rhinoceroses and tapirs, with tapirs still using four toes on the front legs) o ...

* Family Equidae (

horse The horse (''Equus ferus caballus'') is a domesticated, one-toed, hoofed mammal. It belongs to the taxonomic family Equidae and is one of two extant subspecies of ''Equus ferus''. The horse has evolved over the past 45 to 55 million y ...

s and allies) ** ''

Equus ferus The wild horse (''Equus ferus'') is a species of the genus ''Equus'', which includes as subspecies the modern domesticated horse (''Equus ferus caballus'') as well as the endangered Przewalski's horse (''Equus ferus przewalskii''). The Europea ...

'' ** African wild ass, ''Equus africanus'' ** Onager or Asiatic ass, ''Equus hemionus'' **

Kiang The kiang (''Equus kiang'') is the largest of the ''Asinus'' subgenus. It is native to the Tibetan Plateau, where it inhabits montane and alpine grasslands. Its current range is restricted to the plains of the Tibetan plateau; Ladakh; and north ...

or Tibetan wild ass, ''Equus kiang'' ** Plains zebra, ''Equus quagga'' **

Mountain zebra The mountain zebra (''Equus zebra'') is a zebra species in the family Equidae, native to southwestern Africa. There are two subspecies, the Cape mountain zebra (''E. z. zebra'') found in South Africa and Hartmann's mountain zebra (''E. z. hartman ...

, ''Equus zebra'' ** Grevy's zebra, ''Equus grevyi''

Suborder

Ceratomorpha Odd-toed ungulates, mammals which constitute the taxonomic order Perissodactyla (, ), are animals—ungulates—who have reduced the weight-bearing toes to three (rhinoceroses and tapirs, with tapirs still using four toes on the front legs) ...

* Family

Tapiridae Tapirs ( ) are large, herbivorous mammals belonging to the family Tapiridae. They are similar in shape to a pig, with a short, prehensile nose trunk. Tapirs inhabit jungle and forest regions of South and Central America, with one species inhabi ...

(

tapir Tapirs ( ) are large, herbivorous mammals belonging to the family Tapiridae. They are similar in shape to a pig, with a short, prehensile nose trunk. Tapirs inhabit jungle and forest regions of South and Central America, with one species inhabit ...

s) **Genus '' Tapirus'' ***

Brazilian tapir The South American tapir (''Tapirus terrestris''), also commonly called the Brazilian tapir (from the Tupi ''tapi'ira''), the Amazonian tapir, the maned tapir, the lowland tapir, the ''anta'' (Portuguese), and ''la sachavaca'' (literally "bushcow ...

, ''Tapirus terrestris'' ***

Mountain tapir The mountain tapir, also known as the Andean tapir or woolly tapir (''Tapirus pinchaque'') is the smallest of the four widely recognized species of tapir. It is the only one to live outside of tropical rainforests in the wild. It is most easily d ...

, ''Tapirus pinchaque'' ***

Baird's tapir The Baird's tapir (''Tapirus bairdii''), also known as the Central American tapir, is a species of tapir native to Mexico, Central America, and northwestern South America. It is the largest of the three species of tapir native to the Americas, as ...

, ''Tapirus bairdii'' ***

Malayan tapir The Malayan tapir (''Tapirus indicus''), also called Asian tapir, Asiatic tapir and Indian tapir, is the only tapir species native to Southeast Asia from the Malay Peninsula to Sumatra. It has been listed as Endangered on the IUCN Red List since ...

, ''Tapirus indicus'' ***

Kabomani tapir The South American tapir (''Tapirus terrestris''), also commonly called the Brazilian tapir (from the Tupi ''tapi'ira''), the Amazonian tapir, the maned tapir, the lowland tapir, the ''anta'' (Portuguese), and ''la sachavaca'' (literally "bushco ...

, ''Tapirus kabomani'' * Family

Rhinocerotidae A rhinoceros (; ; ), commonly abbreviated to rhino, is a member of any of the five extant species (or numerous extinct species) of odd-toed ungulates in the family Rhinocerotidae. (It can also refer to a member of any of the extinct species ...

(

rhinoceros A rhinoceros (; ; ), commonly abbreviated to rhino, is a member of any of the five extant species (or numerous extinct species) of odd-toed ungulates in the family Rhinocerotidae. (It can also refer to a member of any of the extinct species o ...

es)

** Genus ''

Diceros ''Diceros'' (Greek: "two" (dio), "horn" (keratos)) is a genus of rhinoceros containing the living black rhinoceros ''(Diceros bicornis)'' and at least one extinct species. Taxonomy ''Diceros'' is generally believed to have branched off from an ...

'' *** Black rhinoceros, ''Diceros bicornis'' *** Sumatran rhinoceros, ''Dicerorhinus sumatrensis'' ** Genus ''

Ceratotherium ''Ceratotherium'' (Greek: "horn" (keratos), "beast" (therion)) is a genus of the family Rhinocerotidae, consisting of a single extant species, the white rhinoceros The white rhinoceros, white rhino or square-lipped rhinoceros (''Ceratotherium ...

'' *** White rhinoceros, ''Ceratotherium simum'' ** Genus ''

Rhinoceros A rhinoceros (; ; ), commonly abbreviated to rhino, is a member of any of the five extant species (or numerous extinct species) of odd-toed ungulates in the family Rhinocerotidae. (It can also refer to a member of any of the extinct species o ...

'' *** Indian rhinoceros, ''Rhinoceros unicornis'' *** Javan rhinoceros, ''Rhinoceros sondaicus''

=Order Artiodactyla ( even-toed ungulates)

References

* * {{DEFAULTSORT:placental mammals Taxonomic lists

Magnorder Atlantogenata

Superorder Afrotheria

Clade Afroinsectiphilia The Afroinsectiphilia (African insectivores) is a clade that has been proposed based on the results of recent molecular phylogenetic studies. Many of the taxa within it were once regarded as part of the order Insectivora, but Insectivora is now ...

=Order Tubulidentata ( aardvarks)

=Clade hameleoni

Clade Paenungulata

=Order Hyracoidea (hyrax Hyraxes (), also called dassies, are small, thickset, herbivorous mammals in the order Hyracoidea. Hyraxes are well-furred, rotund animals with short tails. Typically, they measure between long and weigh between . They are superficially simil ...es)

=Clade Tethytheria

Superorder Xenarthra

Order Cingulata (armadillo Armadillos (meaning "little armored ones" in Spanish) are New World placental mammals in the order Cingulata. The Chlamyphoridae and Dasypodidae are the only surviving families in the order, which is part of the superorder Xenarthra, along wi ...s)

Order Pilosa

=Suborder Folivora (sloth Sloths are a group of Neotropical xenarthran mammals constituting the suborder Folivora, including the extant arboreal tree sloths and extinct terrestrial ground sloths. Noted for their slowness of movement, tree sloths spend most of their li ...s)

Magnorder Boreoeutheria

Superorder Euarchontoglires

Grandorder Euarchonta

=Mirorder Primatomorpha The Primatomorpha are a proposed mirorder of mammals containing the flying lemurs (order Dermoptera or colugos) and lemurs (Strepsirrhini, adapiformes and lemuriformes). However, notably, the haplorhini are sister to the lemurs, together formin ...

Grandorder Glires Glires (, Latin ''glīrēs'' 'dormice') is a clade (sometimes ranked as a grandorder) consisting of rodents and lagomorphs (rabbits, hares, and pikas). The hypothesis that these form a monophyletic group has been long debated based on morphologic ...

=Order Rodent Rodents (from Latin , 'to gnaw') are mammals of the order Rodentia (), which are characterized by a single pair of continuously growing incisors in each of the upper and lower jaws. About 40% of all mammal species are rodents. They are na ...ia

=Order Lagomorpha

Superorder Laurasiatheria

Order Eulipotyphla

Clade Ferungulata Ferungulata ("wild beasts and ungulates") is a grandorder of placental mammals that groups together mirorder Ferae and clade Pan-Euungulata. It has existed in two guises, a traditional one based on morphological analysis and a revised one taking ...

=Order Chiroptera (bat Bats are mammals of the order Chiroptera.''cheir'', "hand" and πτερόν''pteron'', "wing". With their forelimbs adapted as wings, they are the only mammals capable of true and sustained flight. Bats are more agile in flight than most bi ...s)

=Order Pholidota (pangolin Pangolins, sometimes known as scaly anteaters, are mammals of the order Pholidota (, from Ancient Greek ϕολιδωτός – "clad in scales"). The one extant family, the Manidae, has three genera: '' Manis'', '' Phataginus'', and '' Smut ...s)

=Order Cetacea Cetacea (; , ) is an infraorder of aquatic mammals that includes whales, dolphins, and porpoises. Key characteristics are their fully aquatic lifestyle, streamlined body shape, often large size and exclusively carnivorous diet. They propel them ...

=Order Carnivora Carnivora is a Clade, monophyletic order of Placentalia, placental mammals consisting of the most recent common ancestor of all felidae, cat-like and canidae, dog-like animals, and all descendants of that ancestor. Members of this group are f ...

=Order Perissodactyla ( odd-toed ungulates)

=Order Artiodactyla ( even-toed ungulates)

See also

References

Clade
Afroinsectiphilia The Afroinsectiphilia (African insectivores) is a clade that has been proposed based on the results of recent molecular phylogenetic studies. Many of the taxa within it were once regarded as part of the order Insectivora, but Insectivora is now ...

=Order Hyracoidea (
hyrax Hyraxes (), also called dassies, are small, thickset, herbivorous mammals in the order Hyracoidea. Hyraxes are well-furred, rotund animals with short tails. Typically, they measure between long and weigh between . They are superficially simil ...
es)

Order Cingulata (
armadillo Armadillos (meaning "little armored ones" in Spanish) are New World placental mammals in the order Cingulata. The Chlamyphoridae and Dasypodidae are the only surviving families in the order, which is part of the superorder Xenarthra, along wi ...
s)

=Suborder Folivora (
sloth Sloths are a group of Neotropical xenarthran mammals constituting the suborder Folivora, including the extant arboreal tree sloths and extinct terrestrial ground sloths. Noted for their slowness of movement, tree sloths spend most of their li ...
s)

=Mirorder
Primatomorpha The Primatomorpha are a proposed mirorder of mammals containing the flying lemurs (order Dermoptera or colugos) and lemurs (Strepsirrhini, adapiformes and lemuriformes). However, notably, the haplorhini are sister to the lemurs, together formin ...

Grandorder
Glires Glires (, Latin ''glīrēs'' 'dormice') is a clade (sometimes ranked as a grandorder) consisting of rodents and lagomorphs (rabbits, hares, and pikas). The hypothesis that these form a monophyletic group has been long debated based on morphologic ...

=Order
Rodent Rodents (from Latin , 'to gnaw') are mammals of the order Rodentia (), which are characterized by a single pair of continuously growing incisors in each of the upper and lower jaws. About 40% of all mammal species are rodents. They are na ...
ia

Clade
Ferungulata Ferungulata ("wild beasts and ungulates") is a grandorder of placental mammals that groups together mirorder Ferae and clade Pan-Euungulata. It has existed in two guises, a traditional one based on morphological analysis and a revised one taking ...

=Order Chiroptera (
bat Bats are mammals of the order Chiroptera.''cheir'', "hand" and πτερόν''pteron'', "wing". With their forelimbs adapted as wings, they are the only mammals capable of true and sustained flight. Bats are more agile in flight than most bi ...
s)

=Order Pholidota (
pangolin Pangolins, sometimes known as scaly anteaters, are mammals of the order Pholidota (, from Ancient Greek ϕολιδωτός – "clad in scales"). The one extant family, the Manidae, has three genera: '' Manis'', '' Phataginus'', and '' Smut ...
s)

=Order
Cetacea Cetacea (; , ) is an infraorder of aquatic mammals that includes whales, dolphins, and porpoises. Key characteristics are their fully aquatic lifestyle, streamlined body shape, often large size and exclusively carnivorous diet. They propel them ...

=Order
Carnivora Carnivora is a Clade, monophyletic order of Placentalia, placental mammals consisting of the most recent common ancestor of all felidae, cat-like and canidae, dog-like animals, and all descendants of that ancestor. Members of this group are f ...