List Of Sponges Of South Africa on:
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The list of
The list of sponge
Sponges, the members of the phylum Porifera (; meaning 'pore bearer'), are a basal animal clade as a sister of the diploblasts. They are multicellular organisms that have bodies full of pores and channels allowing water to circulate throug ...
s of South Africa
South Africa, officially the Republic of South Africa (RSA), is the Southern Africa, southernmost country in Africa. It is bounded to the south by of coastline that stretch along the Atlantic Ocean, South Atlantic and Indian Oceans; to the ...
is a list of species
In biology, a species is the basic unit of classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate s ...
that form a part of the poriferan (Phylum Porifera) fauna of South Africa
The fauna of South Africa is diverse and largely typical of the ecosystems in Africa. South Africa is ranked sixth out of the world's 17 megadiverse countries. Many endemic species are unique to South Africa. The country is among the world leaders ...
. Taxonomy follows WoRMS Worms may refer to:
*Worm, an invertebrate animal with a tube-like body and no limbs
Places
*Worms, Germany
Worms () is a city in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany, situated on the Upper Rhine about south-southwest of Frankfurt am Main. It had ...
. The list follows the SANBI
The South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI) is an organisation established in 2004 in terms of the National Environmental Management: Biodiversity Act, No 10 of 2004, under the South African Department of Environmental Affairs (l ...
listing on iNaturalist
iNaturalist is a social network of naturalists, citizen scientists, and biologists built on the concept of mapping and sharing observations of biodiversity across the globe. iNaturalist may be accessed via its website or from its mobile applic ...
, and does not always agree with WoRMS Worms may refer to:
*Worm, an invertebrate animal with a tube-like body and no limbs
Places
*Worms, Germany
Worms () is a city in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany, situated on the Upper Rhine about south-southwest of Frankfurt am Main. It had ...
for distribution.
Class Calcarea
Subclass Calcaronea
Order Leucosolenida
=Family Grantiidae
= *'' Amphiute lepadiformis'' Borojevic, 1967 *'' Aphroceras alcicornis'' Gray, 1858, syn. ''Leucandra alcicornis'' (Gray, 1858), ''Cyathiscus actinia'' Haeckel, 1869. *'' Leucandra algoaensis'' (Bowerbank, 1864), syn, ''Leucogypsia algoaensis'' Bowerbank, 1864. *'' Leucandra armata'' (Urban, 1908), syn. ''Leuconia armata'' Urban, 1908. *'' Leucandra australiensis'' (Carter, 1886), syn. ''Leuconia australiensis'' Carter, 1886. *'' Leucandra bleeki'' (Haeckel, 1872), syn. ''Leucaltis bleeki'' Haeckel, 1872. *'' Leucandra hentschelii'' Brøndsted, 1931, syn.''Leuconia hentschelii'' (Brøndsted, 1931), *'' Leucandra spissa'' (Urban, 1909), syn. ''Leuconia spissa'' Urban, 1909.=Family Amphoriscidae
= *'' Amphoriscus kryptoraphis'' Urban, 1908 *'' Leucilla capsula'' (Haeckel, 1870), syn. ''Lipostomella capsula'' Haeckel, 1870.=Family Heteropiidae
= *'' Grantessa ramosa'' (Haeckel, 1872), syn. ''Grantia ramosa'' Smith in Haeckel, 1872, ''Leuckartea natalensis'' Miklucho-Maclay in Haeckel, 1872, ''Sycandra ramosa'' Haeckel, 1872, ''Sycandra ramosa'' Haeckel, 1872. *'' Grantessa rarispinosa'' Borojevic, 1967 *'' Grantia socialis'' Borojevic, 1967 *'' Heteropia glomerosa'' (Bowerbank, 1873), syn. ''Sycettusa glomerosa'' (Bowerbank, 1873), ''Leuconia glomerosa'' Bowerbank, 1873, ''Heteropia simplex'' Row in Dendy & Row, 1913. *'' Sycettusa hastifera'' (Row, 1909), syn. ''Grantilla hastifera'' Row, 1909.=Family Leucosoleniidae
= *'' Leucosolenia botryoides'' (Ellis & Solander, 1786), syn. ''Spongia botryoides'' Ellis & Solander, 1786, orange pipe sponge. *'' Leucosolenia eustephana'' Haeckel, 1872=Family Sycettidae
= *'' Sycon defendens'' Borojevic, 1967 *'' Sycon dunstervillia'' (Haeckel, 1872), syn. ''Sycandra dunstervillia'' Haeckel, 1872. *'' Sycon lunulatum'' (Haeckel, 1872), syn. ''Leucandra lunulata'' Haeckel, 1872, ''Leuconia lunulata'' (Haeckel, 1872). *'' Sycon natalense'' Borojevic, 1967Subclass Calcinea
Order Clathrinida
=Family Clathrinidae
= *''Ascaltis gardineri
''Ascaltis gardineri'' is a species of calcareous sponge in the family '' Leucascidae'' from India and the Seychelles. The species is named after the British zoologist John Stanley Gardiner
John Stanley Gardiner (1872–1946) was a British zoo ...
'' (Dendy, 1913), syn. ''Clathrina gardineri'' (Dendy, 1913),''Leucosolenia gardineri'' Dendy, 1913, ''Leucosolenia gardineri'' var. ''vergensis'' Kumar, 1924.
*'' Ernsta cordata'' (Haeckel, 1872), syn. ''Ascandra cordata'' Haeckel, 1872, ''Clathrina cordata'' (Haeckel, 1872), ''Leucosolenia cordata'' (Haeckel, 1872).
=Family Leucettidae
= *'' Leucetta trigona'' Haeckel, 1872Class Demospongiae
Subclass Heteroscleromorpha
Order Agelasida
=Family Agelasidae
= *'' Agelas mauritiana'' var. ''oxeata'' Lévi, 1961 Pocked cup spongeOrder Axinellida
=Family Axinellidae
= *'' Axinella natalensis'' (Kirkpatrick, 1903), syn. ''Tragosia infundibuliformis'' var. ''natalensis'' Kirkpatrick, 1903. *'' Axinella weltnerii'' (Lendenfeld, 1897), syn. ''Phacellia weltnerii'' Lendenfeld, 1897. Crumpled sponge=Family Stelligeridae
= *'' Higginsia bidentifera'' (Ridley & Dendy, 1886) *'' Higginsia natalensis'' Carter, 1885, syn. ''Higginsia coralloides'' var. ''natalensis'' Carter, 1885,=Family Raspailiidae
= Subfamily Raspailiinae *'' Aulospongus involutus'' (Kirkpatrick, 1903), syn. ''Hemectyonilla involuta'' (Kirkpatrick, 1903), ''Stylostichon involutum'' Kirkpatrick, 1903. *'' Endectyon gorgonioides'' (Kirkpatrick, 1903), syn. ''Syringella gorgonioides'' Kirkpatrick, 1903. *'' Raspailia rigida'' Ridley & Dendy, 1886 Subfamily Cyamoninae *'' Waltherarndtia caliculatum'' (Kirkpatrick, 1903), syn. ''Hymeniacidon caliculatum'' var. ''osculatum'' Kirkpatrick, 1903, ''Hymeniacidon caliculatum'' Kirkpatrick, 1903.Order Biemnida
=Family Biemnidae
= *'' Biemna anisotoxa'' Lévi, 1963 yellow encrusting sponge. *'' Biemna megalosigma'' var. ''sigmodragma'' Lévi, 1963 *'' Biemna pedonculata'' Lévi, 1963 *'' Biemna polyphylla'' Lévi, 1963 *'' Biemna rhabdostyla'' Uriz, 1988 *'' Sigmaxinella arborea'' Kirkpatrick, 1903 *'' Sigmaxinella incrustans'' Kirkpatrick, 1903Order Bubarida
=Family Desmanthidae
= *'' Petromica (Petromica) digitata'' (Burton, 1929), syn. ''Petromica digitata'' (Burton, 1929), ''Monanthus plumosus'' var. ''digitatus'' Burton, 1929, ''Monanthus digitatus'' Burton, 1929. *'' Petromica (Petromica) plumosa'' Kirkpatrick, 1903, syn. ''Petromica plumosa'' Kirkpatrick, 1903, ''Monanthus plumosus'' Kirkpatrick, 1903. *'' Petromica (Petromica) tubulata'' (Kirkpatrick, 1903), syn.''Petromica tubulata'' (Kirkpatrick, 1903),''Monanthus plumosus'' var. ''tubulatus'' Kirkpatrick, 1903.Order Clionaida
=Family Clionaidae
= *''Cliona celata
''Cliona celata'', occasionally called the boring sponge, is a species of demosponge belonging the family Clionaidae.Hansson, H.G. (Comp.), 1999. NEAT (North East Atlantic Taxa): Scandinavian marine Porifera (Spongiaria) Check-
List. Internet p ...
'' Grant, 1826, syn. complicated, see citation. boring sponge.
*'' Spheciospongia capensis'' (Carter, 1882), syn. ''Suberites capensis'' Carter, 1882.
*'' Spheciospongia vagabunda'' (Ridley, 1884), syn. ''Anthosigmella vagabunda'' Ridley, 1884, ''Spirastrella cylindrica'' Kieschnick, 1896, ''Spirastrella vagabunda'' Ridley, 1884, ''Spirastrella vagabunda'' Ridley, 1884. vagabond sponge.
=Family Placospongiidae
= *'' Placospongia carinata'' (Bowerbank, 1858), syn. ''Geodia carinata'' Bowerbank, 1858. *'' Placospongia melobesioides'' Gray, 1867Order Haplosclerida
=Family Callyspongiidae
= *'' Callyspongia confoederata'' (sensu Ridley, 1884), syn.''Spinosella confoederata'' (Ridley, 1884), ''Tuba confoederata'' sensu Ridley, 1884. Spiky tube sponge *'' Callyspongia hospitalis'' (Stephens, 1915), syn. ''Pachychalina hospitalis'' Stephens, 1915. *'' Callyspongia (Callyspongia) tubulosa'' (Esper, 1797), syn. ''Spongia tubulosa'' sensu Esper, 1797, ''Siphonochalina tubulosa'' (Esper, 1797), ''Phylosiphonia (Anatoxius) tenuispina'' Lendenfeld, 1887, ''Phylosiphonia (Anatoxius) pumila'' Lendenfeld, 1887, ''Callyspongia tubulosa'' sensu (Esper, 1797).=Family Chalinidae
= *'' Haliclona (Haliclona) anonyma'' (Stephens, 1915), syn. ''Haliclona anonyma'' (Stephens, 1915), ''Siphonochalina anonyma'' Stephens, 1915. Tubular fan sponge *'' Haliclona bawiana'' (Lendenfeld, 1897) *'' Haliclona (Reniera) ciocalyptoides'' Burton, 1933, syn. Haliclona ciocalyptoides Burton, 1933. *'' Haliclona (Gellius) flagellifera'' (Ridley & Dendy, 1886), syn. ''Haliclona flagellifera'' (Ridley & Dendy, 1886), ''Gellius flagellifer'' Ridley & Dendy, 1886, ''Adocia flagellifera'' (Ridley & Dendy, 1887), ''Hemigellius flagellifer'' (Ridley & Dendy, 1886), ''Sigmadocia flagellifera'' (Ridley & Dendy, 1886). *'' Haliclona (Soestella) implexa'' (Schmidt, 1868), syn. ''Haliclona implexa'' (Schmidt, 1868), ''Reniera implexa'' Schmidt, 1868. *'' Haliclona saldanhae'' (Stephens, 1915), syn. ''Reniera saldanhae'' Stephens, 1915. *'' Haliclona simplicissima'' (Burton, 1933), syn. ''Adocia simplicissima'' Burton, 1933, *'' Haliclona (Haliclona) stilensis'' Burton, 1933, syn. ''Haliclona stilensis'' Burton, 1933. *'' Haliclona submonilifera'' Uriz, 1988 Bubble bead sponge *'' Haliclona tulearensis'' Vacelet, Vasseur & Lévi, 1976=Family Petrosiidae
= *'' Petrosia (Strongylophora) vulcaniensis'' Samaai & Gibbons, 2005, syn. ''Petrosia vulcaniensis'' Samaai & Gibbons, 2005.=Family Phloeodictyidae
= *'' Oceanapia eumitum'' (Kirkpatrick, 1903), syn. ''Phloeodictyon eumitum'' Kirkpatrick, 1903. *'' Oceanapia seychellensis'' (Dendy, 1922), syn. ''Phloeodictyon seychellense'' Dendy, 1922. Chimneyed football spongeOrder Merliida
=Family Hamacanthidae
= *'' Hamacantha (Vomerula) esperioides'' Ridley & Dendy, 1886 Fibrous sponge *'' Hamacantha (Vomerula) papillata'' Vosmaer, 1885, syn. ''Hamacantha papillata'' Vosmaer, 1885.Order Poecilosclerida
=Family Acarnidae
= *'' Acarnus claudei'' van Soest, Hooper & Hiemstra, 1991 *'' Iophon cheliferum'' Ridley & Dendy, 1886, syn. ''Iophon chelifer'' Ridley & Dendy, 1886. *'' Paracornulum coherens'' Lévi, 1963=Family Chondropsidae
= *'' Psammoclema inordinatum'' (Kirkpatrick, 1903), syn. ''Psammopemma inordinatum'' Kirkpatrick, 1903.=Family Cladorhizidae
= *'' Cladorhiza ephyrula'' Lévi, 1964=Family Coelosphaeridae
= *'' Coelosphaera (Coelosphaera) navicelligera'' (Ridley, 1885), syn. ''Siderodermella navicelligera'' (Ridley, 1885), ''Coelosphaera navicelligera'' (Ridley, 1884), ''Crella navicelligera'' Ridley, 1885. *'' Forcepia (Forcepia) agglutinans'' Burton, 1933, syn. ''Forcepia agglutinans'' Burton, 1933. *'' Forcepia (Leptolabis) australis'' (Lévi, 1963), syn. ''Trachyforcepia australis'' Lévi, 1963. *'' Histodermella natalensis'' (Kirkpatrick, 1903), syn. ''Coelosphaera (Coelosphaera) natalensis'' (Kirkpatrick, 1903), ''Histoderma natalensis'' Kirkpatrick, 1903. *'' Inflatella belli'' (Kirkpatrick, 1907) Gooseberry sponge *'' Lissodendoryx (Anomodoryx) coralgardeniensis'' Samaai & Gibbons, 2005, syn. ''Lissodendoryx coralgardeniensis'' Samaai & Gibbons, 2005. *'' Lissodendoryx (Ectyodoryx) arenaria'' Burton, 1936, syn. ''Lissodendoryx arenaria'' Burton, 1936. *'' Lissodendoryx (Lissodendoryx) areolata'' Lévi, 1963, syn. ''Lissodendoryx (Lissodendoryx) areolata'' Lévi, 1963 ''Lissodendoryx (Lissodendoryx) areolata'' Lévi, 1963. *'' Lissodendoryx (Lissodendoryx) digitata'' (Ridley & Dendy, 1886), syn. ''Myxilla digitata'' Ridley & Dendy, 1886, ''Lissodendoryx digitata'' (Ridley & Dendy, 1886). *'' Lissodendoryx (Lissodendoryx) isodictyalis'' (Carter, 1882), syn. ''Halichondria isodictyalis'' Carter, 1882. *'' Lissodendoryx (Lissodendoryx) simplex'' (Baer, 1906), syn. ''Dendoryx simplex'' Baer, 1906, ''Myxilla (Myxilla) simplex'' (Baer, 1906),'' Myxilla simplex'' (Baer, 1906). *'' Lissodendoryx (Lissodendoryx) stephensoni'' Burton, 1936, syn. ''Lissodendoryx stephensoni'' Burton, 1936. *'' Lissodendoryx (Lissodendoryx) ternatensis'' (Thiele, 1903), syn. ''Hamigera ternatensis'' Thiele, 1903, ''Lissodendoryx sinensis'' Brøndsted, 1929, ''Lissodendoryx ternatensis'' (Thiele, 1903).=Family Crambeidae
= *'' Crambe acuata'' (Lévi, 1958), syn. ''Crambe chelastra'' Lévi, 1960, ''Folitispa acuata'' Lévi, 1958. Stellar sponge *'' Lithochela conica'' Burton, 1929=Family Crellidae
= *'' Crella caespes'' (Ehlers, 1870), syn.''Clathria (Clathria) caespes'' (Ehlers, 1870), ''Scopalina caespes'' Ehlers, 1870. *'' Crella (Grayella) erecta'' Lévi, 1963, syn. ''Crella erecta'' Lévi, 1963.=Family Dendoricellidae
= *'' Fibulia ramosa'' (Ridley & Dendy, 1886), syn. ''Desmacidon ramosa'' Ridley & Dendy, 1886, ''Isodictya ramosa'' (Ridley & Dendy, 1886), ''Plumocolumella ramosa'' (Ridley & Dendy, 1886). columnar sponge=Family Esperiopsidae
= *'' Amphilectus informis'' (Stephens, 1915), syn. ''Esperiopsis informis'' Stephens, 1915. *'' Esperiopsis papillata'' (Vosmaer, 1880), syn. ''Amphilectus papillatus'' Vosmaer, 1880.=Family Guitarridae
= *'' Tetrapocillon novaezealandiae'' Brøndsted, 1924=Family Hymedesmiidae
= *'' Hymedesmia (Hymedesmia) aurantiaca'' Lévi, 1963, syn. ''Hymedesmia aurantiaca'' Lévi, 1963, *'' Hymedesmia (Hymedesmia) parva'' Stephens, 1915, syn, ''Hymedesmia parva'' Stephens, 1915, *'' Phorbas clathratus'' (Lévi, 1963), syn, ''Pronax clathrata'' Lévi, 1963, *'' Phorbas dayi'' (Lévi, 1963), syn. ''Anchinoe dayi'' Lévi, 1963, *'' Phorbas fibrosus'' (Lévi, 1963), syn. ''Pronax fibrosa'' Lévi, 1963, *'' Phorbas lamellatus'' (Lévi, 1963), syn. ''Pronax lamellata'' Lévi, 1963, *'' Phorbas mollis'' (Kirkpatrick, 1903), syn. ''Clathria mollis'' Kirkpatrick, 1903, *'' Phorbas pustulosus'' (Carter, 1882), syn. ''Pronax pustulosa'' (Carter, 1882), ''Halichondria pustulosa'' Carter, 1882, ''Clathria (Microciona) pustulosa'' (Carter, 1882), ''Anaata pustulosa'' (Carter, 1882), Baseball glove sponge *'' Plocamionida ambigua'' (Bowerbank, 1866), syn. ''Microciona ambigua'' Bowerbank, 1866, ''Plocamia lundbecki'' (Breitfuss, 1912), ''Plocamia ambigua'' (Bowerbank, 1866), ''Myxilla lundbecki'' Breitfuss, 1912, ''Hymedesmia indistincta'' Bowerbank, 1874, ''Hastatus ambiguus'' (Bowerbank, 1866), ''Antho lundbecki'' (Breitfuss, 1912)=Family Iotrochotidae
= *''Iotrochota purpurea
''Iotrochota'' is a genus of sponges belonging to the family Iotrochotidae.
The species of this genus are found in tropical or subtropical regions.
Species:
*'' Iotrochota acerata''
*'' Iotrochota agglomerata''
*'' Iotrochota arenosa''
*''I ...
'' (Bowerbank, 1875), syn, ''Spongia foveolaria'' Lamarck, 1814, ''Halichondria purpurea'' Bowerbank, 1875, ''Chondrocladia sessilis'' Kieschnick, 1900, ''Chondrocladia ramosa'' Kieschnick, 1900, ''Chondrocladia dura'' Kieschnick, 1900.
=Family Isodictyidae
= *'' Isodictya alata'' (Stephens, 1915), syn. ''Homoeodictya alata'' Stephens, 1915. *'' Isodictya compressa'' (Esper, 1794), syn. ''Spongia pannea'' Lamarck, 1814, ''Spongia compressa'' Esper, 1794, ''Homoeodictya compressa'' (Esper, 1794). *'' Isodictya conulosa'' (Ridley & Dendy, 1886), syn. ''Homoeodictya conulosa'' (Ridley & Dendy, 1886), ''Desmacidon conulosum'' Ridley & Dendy, 1886. *'' Isodictya ectofibrosa'' (Lévi, 1963), syn. ''Desmacidon ectofibrosa'' Lévi, 1963, ''Fibulia ectyofibrosa'' (Lévi, 1963). *'' Isodictya elastica'' (Vosmaer, 1880), syn. ''Homoeodictya elastica'' (Vosmaer, 1880), ''Desmacidon elastica'' Vosmaer, 1880. *'' Isodictya foliata'' (Carter, 1885), syn. ''Textiliforma foliata'' Carter, 1885. *'' Isodictya frondosa'' (Lévi, 1963), syn. ''Homoeodictya frondosa'' Lévi, 1963. Fanned kelp sponge *'' Isodictya grandis'' (Ridley & Dendy, 1886), syn. ''Homoeodictya grandis'' Ridley & Dendy, 1886, ''Desmacidon (Homoeodictya) grandis'' (Ridley & Dendy, 1886). *'' Isodictya multiformis'' (Stephens, 1915), syn. ''Homoeodictya multiformis'' Stephens, 1915.=Family Latrunculiidae
= *'' Cyclacanthia bellae'' (Samaai, Gibbons, Kelly & Davies-Coleman, 2003), syn. ''Latrunculia bellae'' Samaai, Gibbons, Kelly & Davies-Coleman, 2003. *'' Cyclacanthia cloverlyae'' Samaai, Govender & Kelly, 2004 *'' Cyclacanthia mzimayiensis'' Samaai, Govender & Kelly, 2004 *'' Latrunculia (Latrunculia) biformis'' Kirkpatrick, 1907, syn. ''Latrunculia biformis'' Kirkpatrick, 1907, ''Latrunculia apicalis'' var. ''biformis'' Kirkpatrick, 1907. Mud-clump sponge *'' Latrunculia (Biannulata) lunaviridis'' Samaai, Gibbons, Kelly & Davies-Coleman, 2003, syn.''Latrunculia lunaviridis'' Samaai, Gibbons, Kelly & Davies-Coleman, 2003. Green moon sponge *'' Latrunculia (Biannulata) microacanthoxea'' Samaai, Gibbons, Kelly & Davies-Coleman, 2003, syn, ''Latrunculia microacanthoxea'' Samaai, Gibbons, Kelly & Davies-Coleman, 2003. *'' Latrunculia (Biannulata) spinispiraefera'' Brøndsted, 1924, syn. ''Spirastrella spinispiraefera'' (Brøndsted, 1924), ''Latrunculia spinispiraefera'' Brøndsted, 1924. Vented sponge *'' Strongylodesma algoaensis'' Samaai, Gibbons, Kelly & Davies-Coleman, 2003 *'' Strongylodesma aliwaliensis'' Samaai, Keyzers & Davies-Coleman, 2004 *'' Strongylodesma tsitsikammaensis'' Samaai, Gibbons, Kelly & Davies-Coleman, 2003 *'' Tsitsikamma favus'' Samaai & Kelly, 2002 *'' Tsitsikamma pedunculata'' Samaai, Gibbons, Kelly & Davies-Coleman, 2003 *'' Tsitsikamma scurra'' Samaai, Gibbons, Kelly & Davies-Coleman, 2003=Family Microcionidae
= Subfamily Microcioninae *'' Clathria (Clathria) axociona'' Lévi, 1963, syn. ''Clathria axociona'' Lévi, 1963. *'' Clathria (Axosuberites) benguelaensis'' Samaai & Gibbons, 2005, syn. ''Clathria benguelaensis'' Samaai & Gibbons, 2005. *'' Clathria (Thalysias) cactiformis'' (Lamarck, 1814), syn. ''Spongia cactiformis'' Lamarck, 1814 and many others. *'' Clathria (Clathria) conica'' Lévi, 1963, syn. ''Clathria conica'' Lévi, 1963. *''Clathria (Thalysias) cullingworthi
''Clathria'' is a large genus of demosponges in the family (biology), family Microcionidae.
Taxonomy
''Clathria'' was first formally named in Eduard Oscar Schmidt's 1862 ''Die Spongien des adriatischen Meeres'' ("The sponges of the Adriatic Sea ...
'' Burton, 1931, syn. ''Clathria cullingworthi'' Burton, 1931.
*''Clathria (Clathria) dayi
''Clathria dayi'', the broad-bladed tree sponge, is a species of demosponge.Samaai, T. and Gibbons, M.J. 2005. Demospongiae taxonomy and biodiversity of the Benguela region on the west coast of South Africa. ''Afr. Nat. Hist''. 1(1):1-96 It is kn ...
'' Lévi, 1963, syn. ''Clathria dayi'' Lévi, 1963.
*''Clathria (Thalysias) delaubenfelsi
''Clathria'' is a large genus of demosponges in the family (biology), family Microcionidae.
Taxonomy
''Clathria'' was first formally named in Eduard Oscar Schmidt's 1862 ''Die Spongien des adriatischen Meeres'' ("The sponges of the Adriatic Sea ...
'' (Lévi, 1963), syn. ''Clathria delaubenfelsi'' (Lévi, 1963), ''Rhaphidophlus delaubenfelsi'' Lévi, 1963.
*''Clathria (Clathria) elastica
''Clathria'' is a large genus of demosponges in the family Microcionidae.
Taxonomy
''Clathria'' was first formally named in Eduard Oscar Schmidt's 1862 ''Die Spongien des adriatischen Meeres'' ("The sponges of the Adriatic Sea"). The type speci ...
'' Lévi, 1963, syn. ''Clathria (Clathria) elastica'' Lévi, 1963.
*'' Clathria (Thalysias) flabellata'' (Burton, 1936), syn. ''Clathria (Clathria) flabellata'' (Burton, 1936), ''Clathria flabellata'' (Burton, 1936), ''Rhaphidophlus flabellata'' Burton 1936.
*''Clathria (Clathria) hexagonopora
''Clathria'' is a large genus of demosponges in the family Microcionidae.
Taxonomy
''Clathria'' was first formally named in Eduard Oscar Schmidt's 1862 ''Die Spongien des adriatischen Meeres'' ("The sponges of the Adriatic Sea"). The type speci ...
'' Lévi, 1963, syn. ''Clathria hexagonopora'' Lévi, 1963.
*'' Clathria (Thalysias) hooperi'' Samaai & Gibbons, 2005, syn.''Clathria hooperi'' Samaai & Gibbons, 2005. Nodular sponge
*''Clathria (Thalysias) lissoclada
''Clathria lissoclada'', the triangular blade sponge, is a species of demosponge from the southern hemisphere.
Description
This stalked pink to orange sponge grows up to a length of and a width of . The somewhat flat branches arise from semi-tr ...
'' (Burton, 1934), syn. ''Rhaphidophlus lissocladus'' Burton, 1934, ''Clathria lissoclada'' (Burton, 1934). Triangular blade sponge
*'' Clathria (Clathria) lobata'' Vosmaer, 1880, syn. ''Clathria lobata'' Vosmaer, 1880 and others.
*'' Clathria (Thalysias) nervosa'' (Lévi, 1963), syn. ''Clathria nervosa'' (Lévi, 1963), ''Axociella nervosa'' Lévi, 1963.
*'' Clathria (Clathria) omegiensis'' Samaai & Gibbons, 2005, syn. ''Clathria omegiensis'' Samaai & Gibbons, 2005.
*'' Clathria (Isociella) oudekraalensis'' Samaai & Gibbons, 2005, syn. ''Clathria oudekraalensis'' Samaai & Gibbons, 2005.
*'' Clathria (Thalysias) oxitoxa'' Lévi, 1963, syn. ''Clathria oxitoxa'' Lévi, 1963.
*'' Clathria (Clathria) pachystyla'' Lévi, 1963, syn. ''Clathria pachystyla'' Lévi, 1963. Orange finger sponge
*'' Clathria (Clathria) parva'' Lévi, 1963, syn. ''Clathria (Axosuberites) parva'' Lévi, 1963, Clathria parva'' Lévi, 1963.
*'' Clathria (Clathria) rhaphidotoxa'' Stephens, 1915, syn. ''Clathria rhaphidotoxa'' Stephens, 1915.
*''Clathria (Microciona) similis
''Clathria'' is a large genus of demosponges in the family Microcionidae.
Taxonomy
''Clathria'' was first formally named in Eduard Oscar Schmidt's 1862 ''Die Spongien des adriatischen Meeres'' ("The sponges of the Adriatic Sea"). The type speci ...
'' (Thiele, 1903), syn. ''Clathria similis'' (Thiele, 1903), ''Hymeraphia similis'' Thiele, 1903, ''Microciona similis'' (Thiele, 1903).
*'' Clathria (Microciona) stephensae'' Hooper, 1996, syn.''Axocielita similis'' (Stephens, 1915), ''Clathria stephensae'' Hooper, 1996, ''Microciona similis'' Stephens, 1915.
*'' Clathria (Clathria) zoanthifera'' Lévi, 1963
Subfamily Ophlitaspongiinae
*'' Antho (Antho) dichotoma '' (Linnaeus, 1767), syn. various.
*'' Antho (Antho) involvens'' (Schmidt, 1864), syn. various.
*'' Antho (Acarnia) kellyae'' Samaai & Gibbons, 2005, syn. ''Antho kellyae'' Samaai & Gibbons, 2005.
*'' Antho (Acarnia) prima'' (Brøndsted, 1924) Orange fan sponge
Subfamily Ophlitaspongiinae
*'' Artemisina vulcani'' Lévi, 1963
*''Echinoclathria dichotoma
The tree sponge (''Echinoclathria dichotoma'') is a species of demosponge.Samaai, T. and Gibbons, M.J. 2005. Demospongiae taxonomy and biodiversity of the Benguela region on the west coast of South Africa. ''Afr. Nat. Hist''. 1(1):1-96 It is know ...
'' (Lévi, 1963), syn. ''Ophlitaspongia dichotoma'' Lévi, 1963. Tree sponge, Orange tree sponge
=Family Mycalidae
= *'' Mycale (Aegogropila) meridionalis'' Lévi, 1963, syn. ''Mycale meridionalis'' Lévi, 1963. *'' Mycale (Aegogropila) simonis'' (Ridley & Dendy, 1886), syn. ''Mycale simonis'' (Ridley & Dendy, 1886), ''Esperella simonis'' Ridley & Dendy, 1886. *'' Mycale (Aegogropila) tapetum'' Samaai & Gibbons, 2005, syn. ''Mycale tapetum'' Samaai & Gibbons, 2005. *'' Mycale (Carmia) macilenta'' (Bowerbank, 1866), syn. ''Hymeniacidon macilenta'' Bowerbank, 1866. *'' Mycale (Carmia) phyllophila'' Hentschel, 1911, syn. ''Mycale phyllophila'' Hentschel, 1911. *'' Mycale (Carmia) pulvinus'' Samaai & Gibbons, 2005, syn. ''Mycale pulvinus'' Samaai & Gibbons, 2005. *'' Mycale (Mycale) anisochela'' Lévi, 1963, syn, ''Mycale anisochela'' Lévi, 1963. Brain sponge *'' Mycale (Mycale) sulcata'' Hentschel, 1911, syn. ''Mycale sulcata'' Hentschel, 1911, ''Mycale sulcata'' var. ''minor'' Hentschel, 1911. *'' Mycale (Mycale) trichela'' Lévi, 1963, syn. ''Mycale trichela'' Lévi, 1963. *'' Mycale (Oxymycale) stephensae'' Samaai & Gibbons, 2005, syn. ''Mycale stephensae'' Samaai & Gibbons, 2005. *'' Mycale (Paresperella) atlantica'' (Stephens, 1917), syn. ''Paresperella atlantica'' Stephens, 1917, ''Mycale atlantica'' (Stephens, 1917). *'' Mycale (Paresperella) levii'' (Uriz, 1987), syn. ''Mycale levii'' (Uriz, 1987), ''Paresperella atlantica'' sensu Lévi, 1963. *'' Mycale (Paresperella) toxifera'' (Lévi, 1963), syn. ''Mycale toxifera'' (Lévi, 1963). *'' Mycale (Zygomycale) parishii'' (Bowerbank, 1875), syn. ''Raphiodesma parishii'' Bowerbank, 1875, ''Zygomycale parishii'' (Bowerbank, 1875).=Family Myxillidae
= *'' Ectyonopsis flabellata'' (Lévi, 1963), syn. ''Ectyonancora flabellata'' Lévi, 1963. *'' Ectyonopsis pluridentata'' (Lévi, 1963), syn. ''Ectyonancora pluridentata'' Lévi, 1963. Fused branch sponge *'' Hymenancora tenuissima'' (Thiele, 1905), syn. ''Ectyomyxilla tenuissima'' (Thiele, 1905), ''Hymedesmia tenuissima'' Thiele, 1905, ''Jelissima tenuissima'' (Thiele, 1905). *'' Myxilla (Myxilla) fimbriata'' (Bowerbank, 1866), syn. ''Isodictya fimbriata'' Bowerbank, 1866, ''Myxilla fimbriata'' (Bowerbank, 1866). *'' Myxilla (Myxilla) incrustans'' (Johnston, 1842) *'' Myxilla (Ectyomyxilla) kerguelensis'' (Hentschel, 1914), syn. ''Myxilla kerguelensis'' (Hentschel, 1914) , ''Ectyomyxilla kerguelensis'' Hentschel, 1914. *'' Myxilla (Burtonanchora) sigmatifera'' (Lévi, 1963), syn, ''Myxilla sigmatifera'' (Lévi, 1963), ''Burtonanchora sigmatifera'' Lévi, 1963.=Family Podospongiidae
= *'' Podospongia natalensis'' (Kirkpatrick, 1903), syn. ''Latrunculia natalensis'' Kirkpatrick, 1903.=Family Tedaniidae
= *'' Tedania (Tedania) anhelans'' (Vio in Olivi, 1792) Chilli pepper sponge *'' Tedania (Tedania) brondstedi'' Burton, 1936, syn. ''Tedania brondstedi'' Burton, 1936. *'' Tedania (Tedania) scotiae'' Stephens, 1915, syn. ''Tedania scotiae'' Stephens, 1915. *'' Tedania (Tedania) stylonychaeta'' Lévi, 1963, syn. ''Tedania stylonychaeta'' Lévi, 1963. *'' Tedania (Tedania) tubulifera'' Lévi, 1963, syn. ''Tedania tubulifera'' Lévi, 1963.Order Polymastiida
=Family Polymastiidae
= *'' Polymastia atlantica'' Samaai & Gibbons, 2005 Atlantic teat sponge * Polymastia bouryesnaultae Samaai & Gibbons, 2005 Knobbly sponge *'' Polymastia disclera'' Lévi, 1964 *'' Polymastia littoralis'' Stephens, 1915 *'' Polymastia mamillaris'' (Müller, 1806), syn, ''Spongia mamillaris'' Müller, 1806. *'' Proteleia sollasi'' Dendy & Ridley, 1886Order Spongillida
=Family Spongillidae
= *'' Corvospongilla zambesiana'' (Kirkpatrick, 1906) syn. ''Spongilla zambesiana'' Kirkpatrick, 1906 Freshwater *'' Ephydatia fluviatilis capensis'' Kirkpatrick, 1907 *'' Eunapius fragilis'' (Leidy, 1851) syn. ''Spongilla fragilis'' Leidy, 1851 and various others Freshwater *'' Eunapius michaelseni'' (Annandale, 1914) syn. ''Spongilla michaelseni'' Annandale, 1914 Freshwater *'' Eunapius nitens'' (Carter, 1881) syn. ''Spongilla nitens'' Carter, 1881 Freshwater, *'' Radiospongilla cerebellata'' (Bowerbank, 1863) *'' Stratospongilla bombayensis'' (Carter, 1882), syn. ''Spongilla bombayensis'' Carter, 1882.Order Suberitida
=Family Halichondriidae
= *'' Amorphinopsis fenestrata'' (Ridley, 1884), syn. ''Suberites oculatus'' Kieschnick, 1896, ''Prostylissa oculata'' (Kieschnick, 1896), ''Leucophloeus fenestratus'' Ridley, 1884, ''Ciocalypta oscitans'' Hooper, Cook, Hobbs & Kennedy, 1997, ''Ciocalypta oculata'' var. ''maxima'' Hentschel, 1912, ''Ciocalypta oculata'' (Kieschnick, 1896), ''Ciocalypta fenestrata'' (Ridley, 1884), ''Ciocalypta confossa'' Hooper, Cook, Hobbs & Kennedy, 1997, ''Amorphinopsis oculata'' var. ''maxima'' (Hentschel, 1912), ''Amorphinopsis oculata'' (Kieschnick, 1896). *'' Axinyssa tethyoides'' Kirkpatrick, 1903, syn. ''Pseudaxinyssa tethyoides'' (Kirkpatrick, 1903). *'' Ciocalypta alleni'' de Laubenfels, 1936 *'' Halichondria (Halichondria) capensis'' Samaai & Gibbons, 2005, syn. ''Halichondria capensis'' Samaai & Gibbons, 2005. *'' Halichondria (Halichondria) gilvus'' Samaai & Gibbons, 2005, syn. ''Halichondria gilvus'' Samaai & Gibbons, 2005. *'' Halichondria (Halichondria) panicea'' (Pallas, 1766), syn. ''Spongia panicea'' Pallas, 1766, plus very large number of others. *'' Hymeniacidon kerguelensis'' var. ''capensis'' Hentschel, 1914 *'' Hymeniacidon stylifera'' (Stephens, 1915) *'' Hymeniacidon sublittoralis'' Samaai & Gibbons, 2005 *'' Topsentia pachastrelloides'' (Topsent, 1892), syn. ''Spongosorites pachastrelloides'' (Topsent, 1892), ''Halichondria pachastrelloides'' Topsent, 1892.=Family Suberitidae
= *''Aaptos alphiensis
''Aaptos alphiensis'' is a species of sea sponge belonging to the family Suberitidae. The species was described in 2005 by Samaai & Gibbons.
References
Aaptos
Animals described in 2005
{{demosponge-stub ...
'' Samaai & Gibbons, 2005
*'' Aaptos nuda'' (Kirkpatrick, 1903), syn. ''Trachya nuda'' Kirkpatrick, 1903.
*'' Homaxinella flagelliformis'' (Ridley & Dendy, 1886), syn. ''Raspailia flagelliformis'' Ridley & Dendy, 1886.
*'' Protosuberites aquaedulcioris'' (Annandale, 1915), syn. ''Laxosuberites aquaedulcioris'' (Annandale, 1915), ''Suberites aquaedulcioris'' Annandale, 1914.
*'' Protosuberites hendricksi'' Samaai & Gibbons, 2005
*'' Protosuberites reptans'' (Kirkpatrick, 1903), syn. ''Amorphinopsis reptans'' (Kirkpatrick, 1903), ''Bubaris reptans'' Kirkpatrick, 1903, ''Gilchristia reptans'' (Kirkpatrick, 1903).
* Suberites dandelenae Samaai & Maduray, 2017 Amorphous solid sponge
*'' Suberites globosus'' Carter, 1886 Walled suberite sponge
*'' Suberites kelleri'' Burton, 1930, syn. ''Suberites incrustans'' Keller, 1891. Crustose suberite sponge
*'' Suberites stilensis'' Burton, 1933
*''Suberites
''Suberites'' is a genus of sea sponges in the family Suberitidae.
Sponges, known scientifically as ''Porifera'', are the oldest metazoans and are used to elucidate the basics of multicellular evolution. These living fossils are ideal for studyi ...
'' sp. Nardo, 1833 Hermit encrusting sponge
Order Tethyida
=Hemiasterellidae
= *'' Hemiasterella vasiformis'' var. ''minor'' (Kirkpatrick, 1903), syn. ''Kalastrella vasiformis'' var. ''minor'' Kirkpatrick, 1903. *'' Hemiasterella vasiformis'' (Kirkpatrick, 1903), syn. ''Kalastrella vasiformis'' Kirkpatrick, 1903.=Tethyidae
= *'' Halicometes pediculata'' (Lévi, 1964), syn. ''Tethycordyla pediculata'' Lévi, 1964. *'' Tethya aurantium'' (Pallas, 1766), syn. ''Alcyonium aurantium'' Pallas, 1766, ''Tethya lyncurium'' (Linnaeus, 1767), and others probably not relevant. *'' Tethya magna'' Kirkpatrick, 1903 *'' Tethya rubra'' Samaai & Gibbons, 2005 *''Tethya
''Tethya'' is a genus of sea sponges belonging to the family Tethyidae. Members of this genus all have a spherical body formBranch, G.M., Branch, M.L, Griffiths, C.L. and Beckley, L.E. 2010. ''Two Oceans: a guide to the marine life of southern ...
'' sp. 1, hedgehog sponge
*''Tethya
''Tethya'' is a genus of sea sponges belonging to the family Tethyidae. Members of this genus all have a spherical body formBranch, G.M., Branch, M.L, Griffiths, C.L. and Beckley, L.E. 2010. ''Two Oceans: a guide to the marine life of southern ...
'' sp. 2, Prickly pear sponge
Order Tetractinellida
Suborder Astrophorina=Family Ancorinidae
= *''Ancorina corticata
''Ancorina'' is a genus of sea sponges belonging to the family Ancorinidae. It is the type genus of its family.
This genus is characterized by a high density of siliceous spicules. Members of this genus are known to be eaten by hawksbill turtles ...
'' Lévi, 1964
*''Ancorina nanosclera
''Ancorina'' is a genus of sea sponges belonging to the family Ancorinidae. It is the type genus of its family.
This genus is characterized by a high density of siliceous spicules. Members of this genus are known to be eaten by hawksbill turtles ...
'' Lévi, 1967, syn. ''Ancorina radix'' var. ''nanosclera'' Lévi, 1967.
*'' Chelotropella sphaerica'' Lendenfeld, 1907
*'' Dercitus natalensis'' (Burton, 1926)
*'' Ecionemia baculifera'' (Kirkpatrick, 1903), syn. ''Coppatias baculifer'' Kirkpatrick, 1903.
*'' Ecionemia nigra'' Sollas, 1888
*'' Jaspis digonoxea'' (de Laubenfels, 1950), syn. ''Zaplethea digonoxea'' de Laubenfels, 1950. Candyfloss sponge
*'' Rhabdastrella actinosa'' (Lévi, 1964), syn. ''Aurora actinosa'' Lévi, 1964.
*'' Rhabdastrella primitiva'' (Burton, 1926), syn. ''Aurora primitiva'' Burton, 1926.
*'' Rhabdastrella spinosa'' (Lévi, 1967), syn. ''Aurora spinosa'' Lévi, 1967.
*'' Stelletta agulhana'' Lendenfeld, 1907 globular sponge, grey wall sponge
*'' Stelletta agulhana'' var. ''paucistella'' Burton, 1926
*'' Stelletta capensis'' Lévi, 1967
*'' Stelletta cyathioides'' Burton, 1926
*'' Stelletta farcimen'' Lendenfeld, 1907
*'' Stelletta grubii'' Schmidt, 1862, syn. ''Stelletta anceps'' Schmidt, 1868, ''Collingsia sarniensis'' Gray, 1867, ''Ecionemia coactura'' Bowerbank, 1874, ''Stelletta collingsi'' (Bowerbank, 1866), ''Tethea collingsii'' Bowerbank, 1866, ''Tethea schmidtii'' Bowerbank, 1866.
*'' Stelletta grubioides'' Burton, 1926
*'' Stelletta herdmani'' Dendy, 1905
*'' Stelletta horrens'' Kirkpatrick, 1902
*'' Stelletta horrens'' var. ''subcylindrica'' Burton, 1926
*'' Stelletta purpurea'' Ridley, 1884, syn. ''Stelletta purpurea'' var. ''parvistella'' Ridley, 1884.
*'' Stelletta retroclada'' (Lévi, 1967), syn. ''Myriastra retroclada'' Lévi, 1967.
*'' Stelletta rugosa'' Burton, 1926
*'' Stelletta sphaerica'' Burton, 1926
*'' Stelletta trisclera'' Lévi, 1967
*'' Stryphnus ponderosus'' (Bowerbank, 1866), syn. ''Ecionemia ponderosa'' Bowerbank, 1866.
*'' Stryphnus progressus'' (Lendenfeld, 1907), syn. ''Ancorina progressa'' Lendenfeld, 1907.
*'' Stryphnus unguiculus'' Sollas, 1886
=Family Geodiidae
= *'' Erylus amorphus'' Burton, 1926 *'' Erylus gilchristi'' Burton, 1926 *'' Erylus polyaster'' Lendenfeld, 1907 *'' Pachymatisma areolata'' Bowerbank, 1872 *'' Pachymatisma monaena'' Lendenfeld, 1907 Subfamily Erylinae *'' Penares alata'' (Lendenfeld, 1907), syn. ''Pachamphilla alata'' Lendenfeld, 1907. *'' Penares obtusus'' Lendenfeld, 1907 *'' Penares sphaera'' (Lendenfeld, 1907), syn. ''Papyrula sphaera'' Lendenfeld, 1907. Crater sponge Subfamily Geodiinae *'' Geodia basilea'' Lévi, 1964 *'' Geodia dendyi'' Burton, 1926, syn.''Geodia (Isops) dendyi'' Burton, 1926. *'' Geodia gallica'' (Lendenfeld, 1907), syn. ''Isops gallica'' Lendenfeld, 1907. *'' Geodia globosa'' (Baer, 1906), syn. ''Sidonops globosa'' Baer, 1906. *'' Geodia labyrinthica'' (Kirkpatrick, 1903), syn. ''Placospongia labyrinthica'' Kirkpatrick, 1903. *'' Geodia libera'' Stephens, 1915 *'' Geodia littoralis'' Stephens, 1915 *'' Geodia megaster'' Burton, 1926 *'' Geodia ovifractus'' var.''cyathioides'' Burton, 1926, syn. ''Geodia (Isops) ovifractus'' var. ''cyathioides'' Burton, 1926.van Soest, R. (2006). ''Geodia ovifractus'' Burton, 1926. In: Van Soest, R.W.M; Boury-Esnault, N.; Hooper, J.N.A.; Rützler, K.; de Voogd, N.J.; Alvarez de Glasby, B.; Hajdu, E.; Pisera, A.B.; Manconi, R.; Schoenberg, C.; Janussen, D.; Tabachnick, K.R., Klautau, M.; Picton, B.; Kelly, M.; Vacelet, J.; Dohrmann, M.; Díaz, M.-C.; Cárdenas, P. (2015) World Porifera database. Accessed at http://www.marinespecies.org/porifera/porifera.php?p=taxdetails&id=170151 on 2015-11-28 *'' Geodia ovifractus'' Burton, 1926 *'' Geodia perarmata'' Bowerbank, 1873 *'' Geodia robusta'' Lendenfeld, 1907 *'' Geodia stellata'' Lendenfeld, 1907=Family Macandrewiidae
= *'' Macandrewia auris'' Lendenfeld, 1907=Family Pachastrellidae
= *'' Pachastrella caliculata'' Kirkpatrick, 1902 *'' Pachastrella monilifera'' Schmidt, 1868 *'' Triptolemma incertum'' (Kirkpatrick, 1903)=Family Vulcanellidae
= *'' Poecillastra compressa'' (Bowerbank, 1866), syn. ''Ecionemia compressa'' Bowerbank, 1866, ''Hymeniacidon placentula'' Bowerbank, 1874, ''Normania crassa'' Bowerbank, 1874, ''Pachastrella compressa'' (Bowerbank, 1866), ''Pachastrella stylifera'' Lendenfeld, 1897, ''Pachastrella tenuipilosa'' Lendenfeld, 1907, ''Poecillastra scabra'' (Schmidt, 1868), ''Stelletta scabra'' Schmidt, 1868. *'' Poecillastra tenuirhabda'' (Lendenfeld, 1907), syn.''Chelotropaena tenuirhabda'' Lendenfeld, 1907. *'' Poecillastra tuberosa'' (Lévi, 1964), syn. ''Characella tuberosa'' Lévi, 1964. Suborder Spirophorina=Family Scleritodermidae
= *'' Microscleroderma hirsutum'' Kirkpatrick, 1903, syn. ''Amphibleptula hirsuta'' (Kirkpatrick, 1903).=Family Siphonidiidae
= *'' Gastrophanella mammilliformis'' Burton, 1929 *'' Lithobactrum forte'' Kirkpatrick, 1903=Family Tetillidae
= *'' Cinachyrella hamata'' (Lendenfeld, 1907), syn. ''Cinachyra hamata'' Lendenfeld, 1907. *'' Craniella cranium'' f. ''microspira'' Lévi, 1967 *'' Craniella metaclada'' (Lendenfeld, 1907), syn. ''Tetilla metaclada'' (Lendfeld, 1907), ''Tethyopsilla metaclada'' Lendenfeld, 1907. *'' Craniella zetlandica'' (Carter, 1872), syn. ''Tetilla zetlandica'' (Carter, 1872), ''Tethyopsilla zetlandica'' (Carter, 1872), ''Tethya zetlandica'' Carter, 1872, ''Craniellopsis zetlandica'' (Carter, 1872). *'' Tetilla bonaventura''Kirkpatrick, 1902 *'' Tetilla capillosa'' Lévi, 1967 Furry sponge *'' Tetilla casula'' (Carter, 1871), syn. ''Tethya casula'' Carter, 1871, ''Casula casula'' (Carter, 1871). Volcano sponge *'' Tetilla pedonculata'' Lévi, 1967=Family Theonellidae
= *'' Discodermia natalensis'' Kirkpatrick, 1903 *'' Theonella conica'' (Kieschnick, 1896), syn. ''Discodermia conica'' Kieschnick, 1896. Conical sponge=Family Thoosidae
= *'' Alectona wallichii'' (Carter, 1874), syn. ''Gummina wallichii'' Carter, 1874.Order Trachycladida
=Family Trachycladidae
= *'' Trachycladus spinispirulifer'' (Carter, 1879), syn, ''Spirastrella dilatata'' Kieschnick, 1896, ''Spirastrella spinispirulifera'' (Carter, 1879), ''Suberites spinispirulifer'' Carter, 1879. Orange wall sponge, Encrusting solid spongeSubclass Keratosa
Order Dendroceratida
=Family Darwinellidae
= *'' Darwinella warreni'' Topsent, 1905Order Dictyoceratida
=Family Dysideidae
= *'' Dysidea cinerea'' Keller, 1889, syn. ''Spongelia cinerea'' (Keller, 1889). *''Dysidea fragilis
''Dysidea'' is a genus of sponge
Sponges, the members of the phylum Porifera (; meaning 'pore bearer'), are a basal animal clade as a sister of the diploblasts. They are multicellular organisms that have bodies full of pores and channel ...
'' (Montagu, 1814), syn. ''Spongelia fistularis'' Schmidt, 1864.
=Family Irciniidae
= *'' Ircinia aruensis'' (Hentschel, 1912), syn. ''Hippospongia aruensis'' (Hentschel, 1912), ''Hircinia aruensis'' Hentschel, 1912. *'' Ircinia ramosa'' (Keller, 1889), syn. ''Hircinia ramosa'' Keller, 1889, ''Hippospongia frondosa'' Hentschel, 1912. *'' Psammocinia arenosa'' (Lendenfeld, 1888), syn. ''Hircinia arenosa'' Lendenfeld, 1888. *'' Sarcotragus australis'' (Lendenfeld, 1888), syn. ''Ircinia arbuscula'' (Lendenfeld, 1889), ''Hircinia australis'' Lendenfeld, 1888, ''Hircinia arbuscula'' Lendenfeld, 1889. Black stink sponge=Family Spongiidae
= *'' Leiosella caliculata'' Lendenfeld, 1889=Family Thorectidae
= Subfamily Thorectinae *'' Fascaplysinopsis reticulata'' (Hentschel, 1912), syn. ''Aplysinopsis reticulata'' Hentschel, 1912. Goose bump spongeSubclass Verongimorpha
Order Chondrillida
=Family Chondrillidae
= *'' Chondrilla australiensis'' Carter, 1873, syn. ''Chondrillastra australiensis'' (Carter, 1873), ''Chondrilla ternatensis'' Thiele, 1900, ''Chondrilla papillata'' Lendenfeld, 1885, ''Chondrilla globulifera'' Keller, 1891, ''Chondrilla corticata'' Lendenfeld, 1885, ''Chondrilla australiensis'' var. ''lobata'' Dendy, 1905.Order Verongiida
=Family Aplysinellidae
= *'' Suberea pedunculata'' (Lévi, 1969), syn. ''Verongia pedunculata'' Lévi, 1969.=Family Aplysinidae
= *'' Aplysina capensis'' Carter, 1875=Family Ianthellidae
= *'' Hexadella kirkpatricki'' Burton, 1926Class Hexactinellida
Subclass Amphidiscophora
Order Amphidiscosida
=Family Hyalonematidae
= *'' Hyalonema (Cyliconema) abyssale'' (Lévi, 1964), syn. ''Cyliconema abyssale'' Lévi, 1964. *'' Lophophysema gilchristi'' Tabachnick & Lévi, 1999Subclass Hexasterophora
Order Aulocalycoida
=Family Aulocalycidae
= Subfamily Aulocalycinae *'' Aulocalyx irregularis'' Schulze, 1886Order Lyssacinosida
=Family Rossellidae
= *'' Rossella'' cf. ''antarctica'' Carter, 1872 Glass sponge Subfamily Lanuginellinae *'' Caulophacus (Caulophacus) basispinosus'' Lévi, 1964, syn. ''Caulophacus basispinosus'' Lévi, 1964. *'' Caulophacus (Caulophacus) galatheae'' Lévi, 1964, syn. ''Caulophacus galatheae'' Lévi, 1964. *'' Caulophacus (Caulophacus) latus'' Schulze, 1886, syn. ''Caulophacus latus'' Schulze, 1886. *'' Ceratopsion microxephora'' (Kirkpatrick, 1903), syn. ''Phakellia microxephora'' Kirkpatrick, 1903.=Family Rossellidae
= Subfamily Acanthascinae *'' Rhabdocalyptus baculifer'' Schulze, 1904, syn. ''Acanthascus (Rhabdocalyptus) baculifer'' (Schulze, 1904), ''Acanthascus baculifer'' (Schulze, 1904). *'' Rhabdocalyptus plumodigitatus'' Kirkpatrick, 1901, syn. ''Acanthascus (Rhabdocalyptus) plumodigitatus'' (Kirkpatrick, 1901) ''Acanthascus plumodigitatus'' (Kirkpatrick, 1901). Subfamily Lanuginellinae *'' Sympagella johnstoni'' (Schulze, 1886), syn. ''Aulascus johnstoni'' Schulze, 1886. Subfamily Rossellinae *'' Crateromorpha (Crateromorpha) lankesteri'' Kirkpatrick, 1902=Family Euplectellidae
= Subfamily Corbitellinae *'' Regadrella phoenix'' Schmidt, 1880, syn. ''Regadrella peru'' Tabachnick, 1990.van Soest, R. (2008). Regadrella phoenix Schmidt, 1880. In: Van Soest, R.W.M; Boury-Esnault, N.; Hooper, J.N.A.; Rützler, K.; de Voogd, N.J.; Alvarez de Glasby, B.; Hajdu, E.; Pisera, A.B.; Manconi, R.; Schoenberg, C.; Janussen, D.; Tabachnick, K.R., Klautau, M.; Picton, B.; Kelly, M.; Vacelet, J.; Dohrmann, M.; Díaz, M.-C.; Cárdenas, P. (2015) World Porifera database. Accessed at http://www.marinespecies.org/porifera/porifera.php?p=taxdetails&id=134405 on 2015-12-01Notes
References
{{DEFAULTSORT:Sponges South Africa Marine biota of South AfricaSouth Africa
South Africa, officially the Republic of South Africa (RSA), is the Southern Africa, southernmost country in Africa. It is bounded to the south by of coastline that stretch along the Atlantic Ocean, South Atlantic and Indian Oceans; to the ...
South African animal biodiversity lists